CN113878022B - Laminated plasticizing fine stamping forming method for sheet metal component - Google Patents

Laminated plasticizing fine stamping forming method for sheet metal component Download PDF

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Publication number
CN113878022B
CN113878022B CN202111054690.5A CN202111054690A CN113878022B CN 113878022 B CN113878022 B CN 113878022B CN 202111054690 A CN202111054690 A CN 202111054690A CN 113878022 B CN113878022 B CN 113878022B
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plate
laminated
sheet
laminated sheet
blanking
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CN113878022A (en
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刘艳雄
纪开盛
华林
张怡俊
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Wuhan University of Technology WUT
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Wuhan University of Technology WUT
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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21DWORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21D28/00Shaping by press-cutting; Perforating
    • B21D28/02Punching blanks or articles with or without obtaining scrap; Notching
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21DWORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21D28/00Shaping by press-cutting; Perforating
    • B21D28/02Punching blanks or articles with or without obtaining scrap; Notching
    • B21D28/04Centering the work; Positioning the tools

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Perforating, Stamping-Out Or Severing By Means Other Than Cutting (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a laminated plasticizing fine blanking forming method of a metal sheet member, which comprises the steps of firstly stacking metal sheets with the thickness of 0.05-0.5mm together, stacking auxiliary metal sheets with certain plasticity on the uppermost layer and the lowermost layer, enabling the total thickness of the obtained laminated sheet to reach the medium plate dimension of 1-4mm, and then clamping the edge of the laminated sheet by a clamp to finish fine blanking forming; in the fine blanking forming process, the blank pressing plate and the gear ring protruding from the outer ring of the first through hole on the blank pressing plate apply blank holder force to control material flow to the laminated sheet, the tooth-shaped cutting edge protruding from the second through hole on the discharging platform is used for reducing the width of the shearing deformation area of the laminated sheet, the micro punch downwards punches the laminated sheet along the first through hole, and when the micro punch contacts the uppermost auxiliary metal plate, the counter ejector rod moves along the second through hole to apply counter ejector force to the laminated sheet. The miniature part obtained by the invention has no corner collapse, tearing belt and burr and only has the blanking section of the full-gloss belt.

Description

Laminated plasticizing fine stamping forming method for sheet metal component
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of fine blanking, and particularly relates to a laminated plasticizing fine blanking forming method of a metal sheet component.
Background
With the high-speed development of the industrial fields of aerospace, nuclear power and the like, the high-performance forming and manufacturing of the sheet metal component becomes an important ring for affecting the advanced level of the China industry pursuing the world. However, the advanced forming and manufacturing technology is blocked, and the development of the domestic high-performance manufacturing technology of the thin plate member is urgently needed.
At present, press forming is a forming process commonly adopted for sheet metal components. However, the existing researches show that the blanking section characteristics are not changed significantly along with the miniaturization of the sizes of the components, the blanking section of the sheet component still has the defect of a tearing belt, and the components are scrapped due to rapid failure caused by macro-cracks in the tearing belt in a complex and severe working environment, so that serious disasters are caused. Although many students studied the new techniques of external field forming such as ultrasonic vibration assisted blanking, electromagnetic blanking, laser blanking, etc., it is still difficult to obtain full-bright band blanking sections.
At present, the sheet metal component with the blanking section which does not allow the tearing belt to exist is processed by adopting slow wire cutting. However, the basic principle of slow wire cutting is that a continuous moving thin copper wire electrode is utilized to carry out pulse spark discharge on a part to remove metal and cut and form, so that a modified layer is formed on the surface of the part, and defects such as microcracks, micropore holes and the like contained in the modified layer gradually form macroscopic cracks under the action of alternating load, thereby greatly reducing the service life of the sheet metal component.
The basic principle of the fine blanking is that on the basis of ordinary blanking, a tooth-shaped blank holder and a counter-ejector rod are added, and the blank is subjected to the combined action of blank pressing force, counter-ejector force and blanking force, so that material separation is realized in a pure shearing plastic deformation mode in blanking gaps. Compared with the common blanking, the fine blanking part has smooth section, flat surface and high dimensional accuracy. However, the existing fine blanking technology is aimed at medium plate members, and the fine blanking forming of thin plate members has not been studied and applied, and mainly has the following two technical difficulties:
firstly, the thickness of the sheet member is 0.05-0.5mm, and according to the design theory of the fine blanking process, the height of the tooth-shaped blank holder should be below 0.25mm, so that the hydrostatic pressure stress generated by the tooth-shaped blank holder in a deformation area is very small, a tear strip is easy to generate on a stamping section, and a full-gloss bright strip cannot be obtained.
Secondly, according to the fine blanking process design theory, the single-side clearance of the convex-concave die is 0.5% of the thickness of the sheet material, even for a metal sheet with the thickness of 0.5mm, the blanking clearance of the convex-concave die is only 0.0025mm, and in order to ensure the consistency of the section quality, the clearance of the convex-concave die is required to be uniform as much as possible, otherwise, uneven tearing belt defects can occur. The existing die manufacturing process can hardly ensure the assembly requirements of the male die and the female die, so that the quality of the fine-punched section is difficult to ensure.
From the above, it is clear that, with respect to the sheet metal member, a full bright band blanking section cannot be obtained by press forming, and a modified layer and progressive macrocracks are formed by slow wire cutting, whereas the conventional fine blanking process is not suitable for sheet metal member forming.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a laminated plasticizing fine stamping forming method for a sheet metal component, and the obtained miniature part has no corner collapse, tearing bands and burrs and only has a blanking section of a full-gloss band, so that the dimensional accuracy and the tissue performance are improved.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
a laminated plasticizing fine blanking method for metal sheet components includes that metal sheets with the thickness of 0.05-0.5mm are stacked together, auxiliary metal sheets with certain plasticity are stacked at the uppermost layer and the lowermost layer, the total thickness of the obtained laminated sheet reaches the medium plate scale of 1-4mm, and then the laminated sheet is clamped by a clamp to clamp the edge, and fine blanking is completed; in the fine blanking forming process, a blank pressing plate and a gear ring protruding from the outer ring of a first through hole on the blank pressing plate apply blank pressing force to control material flow on the laminated sheet, a tooth-shaped cutting edge protruding from a second through hole on a blanking platform is used for reducing the width of a shearing deformation area of the laminated sheet, a micro punch is used for blanking the laminated sheet downwards along the first through hole, when the micro punch contacts the uppermost auxiliary metal plate, a counter ejector rod moves along the second through hole to apply counter ejection force to the laminated sheet, and the stress state of the laminated sheet during blanking is adjusted by controlling blanking force, counter ejection force and blank pressing force so as to control deformation.
Further, the auxiliary metal plate is made of a steel plate with better plasticity.
Further, the counter-force is a beading forceMultiple times.
Further, the thickness of the uppermost auxiliary metal plate is 1 to 3 times the thickness of the single metal plate, and the thickness of the lowermost auxiliary metal plate is identical to the thickness of the single metal plate.
Further, the clamp comprises a C-shaped tool and clamping bolts matched with the upper side and the lower side of the C-shaped tool, the C-shaped tool is surrounded on the edge of the laminated sheet through a notch, and the clamping bolts clamp the laminated sheet from the upper side and the lower side.
The method comprises the following specific steps:
step 1: blanking a metal sheet according to the required part size and the requirement of a fine blanking die;
step 2: stacking metal sheets together, and stacking auxiliary metal sheets at the uppermost layer and the lowermost layer to enable the thickness of the obtained stacked sheet to reach the dimension of a medium plate, and clamping the edge of the stacked sheet through a clamp;
step 3: placing the laminated plate on a discharging platform;
step 4: the material pressing plate moves downwards, so that a gear ring on the edge pressing plate is pressed into the upper surface of the laminated plate, namely the uppermost auxiliary metal plate, and a tooth-shaped cutting edge on the material discharging platform is pressed into the lower surface of the laminated plate, namely the lowermost auxiliary metal plate, and is used for reducing the width of a shearing deformation area of the laminated plate;
step 5: the blank pressing plate and the gear ring apply blank pressing force to the laminated plate to control material flow, the micro-punch moves downwards along the first through hole, and when the micro-punch punches the laminated plate to start to deform, the counter-ejector rod moves along the second through hole to apply counter-ejection force to the laminated plate;
step 6: and after the blanking is finished, reversely ejecting the obtained blanking piece, removing the uppermost auxiliary metal plate and the lowermost auxiliary metal plate, and obtaining a plurality of sheet members with full-brightness sections at one time.
Further, laminated plates are placed flatly and level when being placed on the discharging platform, and cannot be misplaced and randomly moved.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows:
according to the method, a plurality of metal sheets are subjected to lamination treatment, the thickness of the metal sheets reaches the dimension of a medium plate, and the clamp is used for limiting, so that the component forming process is changed into the medium plate forming process, the existing fine blanking process can be further used for realizing the fine blanking forming of the thin plate component, during the fine blanking forming process, the counter ejector rod can provide counter ejection force for a blanking area, the stress on the lower surface of the sheet is relatively uniform in the whole blanking process, the depth of a bright band of a blanking section is improved, the blanking piece can be reversely ejected after the blanking is finished, the generation and expansion of a tearing band are reduced due to the arrangement of a gear ring and a tooth-shaped cutting edge, and the generated collapse angle and burrs are only existed on an upper auxiliary metal plate and a lower auxiliary metal plate, so that the obtained miniature part has no collapse angle, the tearing band and burrs and only the blanking section of the full bright band, and the dimensional precision and the tissue performance are improved.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of an initial stage of fine blanking of a laminated sheet in an example of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a schematic illustration of the relationship between the ring gear and the stacked plate of FIG. 1.
Fig. 3 is a schematic view of the relationship between the toothed cutting edge and the laminated sheet material in fig. 1.
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of the relationship between a gear ring and a laminated sheet in the stage of applying a blank holder force during fine blanking of the laminated sheet in the example of the invention.
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of the relationship between the toothed edge and the laminated sheet in the stage of applying the blank holder force during the fine blanking of the laminated sheet in the example of the invention.
Fig. 6 is a schematic view of a clamp in an example of the invention.
Fig. 7 is a schematic diagram of the elastic deformation stage of the laminated sheet in the fine blanking process in the embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 8 is a schematic diagram showing a plastic deformation stage during fine blanking of a laminated sheet in an example of the present invention.
Fig. 9 is a schematic diagram of the deformation ending stage of the fine blanking of the laminated sheet in the embodiment of the invention.
FIG. 10 is a schematic view of a cut surface of a laminate sheet after fine blanking in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention.
In the figure: 1-a micro punch; 2-a first through hole; 3-a material pressing plate; 4-gear ring; 5-clamping the bolt; 6-C-shaped tooling; 7-an uppermost auxiliary metal plate; 8-metal sheet; 9-an auxiliary metal plate of the lowest layer; 10-a discharging platform; 11-tooth-shaped cutting edges; 12-a second through hole; 13-a counter ejector rod; 14-corner collapse; 15-burrs.
Detailed Description
The invention is further described below with reference to the drawings and examples.
A laminated plasticizing fine blanking method for metal sheet components is disclosed, as shown in figures 1 to 10, firstly, metal sheets 8 with the thickness of 0.05-0.5mm are laminated together, auxiliary metal sheets (7, 9) with certain plasticity are laminated at the uppermost layer and the lowermost layer, the total thickness of the obtained laminated sheet reaches the medium plate scale of 1-4mm, and then the laminated sheet is clamped by a clamp to finish fine blanking after the edge is clamped by the clamp; in the fine blanking forming process, the blank holder 3 and the gear ring 4 protruding from the outer ring of the first through hole 2 on the blank holder 3 apply blank holder force to control material flow on the laminated sheet, the tooth-shaped cutting edge 11 protruding from the second through hole 12 on the discharging platform 10 is used for reducing the width of the shearing deformation area of the laminated sheet, the micro punch 1 punches down the laminated sheet along the first through hole 2, when the micro punch 1 contacts the uppermost auxiliary metal plate 7, the counter ejector rod 13 moves along the second through hole 12 to apply counter ejector force to the laminated sheet, and the stress state of the laminated sheet during punching is adjusted by controlling the punching force, counter ejector force and blank holder force so as to control deformation.
In the present embodiment, the auxiliary metal plates (7, 9) are preferably steel plates with better plasticity; the metal sheet 8 is provided according to the need, and may be a metal or alloy material such as steel, aluminum, copper, titanium, or a superalloy; in the present embodiment, the counter-force is a blank holder forceThe processing quality is better; in the embodiment, the thickness of the uppermost auxiliary metal plate 7 is 1-3 times that of the single metal sheet 8, the thickness of the lowermost auxiliary metal plate 9 is consistent with that of the single metal sheet 8, and the processing quality is better; in addition, as common knowledge in the art, in order to realize the punching function, the outer edge of the micro punch 1 has a sharp edge structure.
As shown in fig. 1, 6 to 9, in the present embodiment, the clamp includes a C-shaped tool 6 and clamping bolts 5 fitted on the upper and lower sides of the C-shaped tool 6, the C-shaped tool 6 is surrounded on the edge of the laminated sheet through a notch, and the clamping bolts 5 clamp the laminated sheet from the upper and lower sides.
The method comprises the following specific steps:
step 1: blanking the metal sheet 8 according to the required part size and the requirement of a fine blanking die;
step 2: as shown in fig. 1, the metal thin plates 8 are stacked together and auxiliary metal plates (7, 9) are stacked at the uppermost layer and the lowermost layer, so that the thickness of the obtained laminated plate reaches the dimension of a medium plate, and the edges of the laminated plate are clamped by a clamp;
step 3: as shown in fig. 1 to 3, the laminated plate is placed on the discharging platform 10, and the laminated plate is flat and level and cannot be dislocated and randomly moved;
step 4: as shown in fig. 4 and 5, the pressing plate 3 moves downwards, so that the gear ring 4 on the blank holder plate 3 is pressed into the upper surface of the laminated sheet, namely the uppermost auxiliary metal plate 7, and the toothed cutting edge 11 on the discharging platform 10 is pressed into the lower surface of the laminated sheet, namely the lowermost auxiliary metal plate 9, and the toothed cutting edge 11 is used for reducing the width of the shearing deformation area of the laminated sheet;
step 5: as shown in fig. 7 to 9, the blank holder 3 and the gear ring 4 apply blank holder force to the laminated sheet to control material flow, the micro punch 1 moves downwards along the first through hole 2, and when the micro punch 1 punches the laminated sheet to start to deform, the counter rod 13 moves along the second through hole 12 to apply counter force to the laminated sheet;
step 6: as shown in fig. 10, after the completion of blanking, the obtained blanking member is reversely ejected, and the uppermost and lowermost auxiliary metal plates (7, 9) are removed, whereby a plurality of sheet members 8 having full bright band cross sections are obtained at one time.
According to the method, a plurality of metal thin plates 8 are subjected to lamination treatment, the thickness of the metal thin plates reaches the dimension of a medium plate, and then the clamp is used for limiting, so that a component forming process returns to the medium plate material forming from the thin plates, further, the fine blanking forming of the thin plate component can be realized by applying the existing fine blanking process, during fine blanking, the counter ejector rod 13 can provide counter ejection force for blanking areas, the stress on the lower surface of the plate material is relatively uniform in the whole blanking process, the depth of a bright band of a blanking section is improved, the blanking piece can be reversely ejected after the blanking is finished, the generation and expansion of a tearing band are reduced due to the arrangement of the gear ring 4 and the toothed cutting edge 11, the generated corner collapse 14 and burrs 15 only exist on the upper auxiliary metal plate (7) and the lower auxiliary metal plate (9), and the obtained miniature part has no corner collapse, no tearing band and burrs and only blanking sections of a full bright band, and the dimensional precision and the tissue performance are improved.
It will be understood that modifications and variations will be apparent to those skilled in the art from the foregoing description, and it is intended that all such modifications and variations be included within the scope of the following claims.

Claims (5)

1. A method for plasticizing and fine stamping a laminated sheet metal member, which is characterized by comprising the following steps: firstly, stacking metal thin plates with the thickness of 0.05-0.5mm together, stacking auxiliary metal plates with certain plasticity on the uppermost layer and the lowermost layer, enabling the total thickness of the obtained stacked plate to reach the medium plate dimension of 1-4mm, and then clamping the edge of the stacked plate by a clamp to finish fine stamping; in the fine blanking forming process, a blank pressing plate and a gear ring protruding from the outer ring of a first through hole on the blank pressing plate apply blank pressing force to control material flow on the laminated sheet, a tooth-shaped cutting edge protruding from a second through hole on a blanking platform is used for reducing the width of a shearing deformation area of the laminated sheet, a micro punch downwards punches the laminated sheet along the first through hole, when the micro punch contacts the uppermost auxiliary metal plate, a counter ejector rod moves along the second through hole to apply counter ejection force to the laminated sheet, and the stress state of the laminated sheet during punching is adjusted by controlling the punching force, counter ejection force and blank pressing force so as to control deformation; the counter-force being a blank holder forceDoubling; the thickness of the uppermost auxiliary metal sheet is +.>The thickness of the lowermost auxiliary metal plate is identical to that of the single metal plate.
2. A sheet metal component laminate plasticizing fine blanking process as defined in claim 1, wherein: the auxiliary metal plate adopts a steel plate with better plasticity.
3. A sheet metal component laminate plasticizing fine blanking process as defined in claim 1, wherein: the clamp comprises a C-shaped tool and clamping bolts matched with the upper side and the lower side of the C-shaped tool, the C-shaped tool surrounds the edge of the laminated sheet through a notch, and the clamping bolts clamp the laminated sheet from the upper side and the lower side.
4. A sheet metal component laminate plasticizing fine blanking process as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: the method comprises the following specific steps:
step 1: blanking a metal sheet according to the required part size and the requirement of a fine blanking die;
step 2: stacking metal sheets together, and stacking auxiliary metal sheets at the uppermost layer and the lowermost layer to enable the thickness of the obtained stacked sheet to reach the dimension of a medium plate, and clamping the edge of the stacked sheet through a clamp;
step 3: placing the laminated plate on a discharging platform;
step 4: the material pressing plate moves downwards, so that a gear ring on the edge pressing plate is pressed into the upper surface of the laminated plate, namely the uppermost auxiliary metal plate, and a tooth-shaped cutting edge on the material discharging platform is pressed into the lower surface of the laminated plate, namely the lowermost auxiliary metal plate, and is used for reducing the width of a shearing deformation area of the laminated plate;
step 5: the blank pressing plate and the gear ring apply blank pressing force to the laminated plate to control material flow, the micro-punch moves downwards along the first through hole, and when the micro-punch punches the laminated plate to start to deform, the counter-ejector rod moves along the second through hole to apply counter-ejection force to the laminated plate;
step 6: and after the blanking is finished, reversely ejecting the obtained blanking piece, removing the uppermost auxiliary metal plate and the lowermost auxiliary metal plate, and obtaining a plurality of sheet members with full-brightness band sections at one time.
5. A sheet metal component laminate plasticizing fine blanking process as defined in claim 4, wherein: the laminated plates are placed flatly and level when being placed on the discharging platform, and cannot be misplaced and randomly moved.
CN202111054690.5A 2021-09-09 2021-09-09 Laminated plasticizing fine stamping forming method for sheet metal component Active CN113878022B (en)

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Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN102806264A (en) * 2012-08-09 2012-12-05 河南星光机械制造有限公司 Two-way fine stamping die and two-way fine stamping part processing method
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CN109821966A (en) * 2019-03-04 2019-05-31 武汉理工大学 Plasticising fine-punching formation process design method based on crack initiation control
CN113020404A (en) * 2021-03-15 2021-06-25 武汉理工大学 Micro fine blanking forming die

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP5336490B2 (en) * 2008-07-31 2013-11-06 日本タングステン株式会社 Thin plate shearing method

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CN102806264A (en) * 2012-08-09 2012-12-05 河南星光机械制造有限公司 Two-way fine stamping die and two-way fine stamping part processing method
CN105921598A (en) * 2016-05-09 2016-09-07 武汉理工大学 Fine blanking forming method for reducing or eliminating die roll
CN109821966A (en) * 2019-03-04 2019-05-31 武汉理工大学 Plasticising fine-punching formation process design method based on crack initiation control
CN113020404A (en) * 2021-03-15 2021-06-25 武汉理工大学 Micro fine blanking forming die

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