CN113877702A - Waste bacterium rod steam explosion organic fertilizer production device and use method thereof - Google Patents
Waste bacterium rod steam explosion organic fertilizer production device and use method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN113877702A CN113877702A CN202111109936.4A CN202111109936A CN113877702A CN 113877702 A CN113877702 A CN 113877702A CN 202111109936 A CN202111109936 A CN 202111109936A CN 113877702 A CN113877702 A CN 113877702A
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
- B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
- B02C21/00—Disintegrating plant with or without drying of the material
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
- B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
- B02C18/00—Disintegrating by knives or other cutting or tearing members which chop material into fragments
- B02C18/06—Disintegrating by knives or other cutting or tearing members which chop material into fragments with rotating knives
- B02C18/08—Disintegrating by knives or other cutting or tearing members which chop material into fragments with rotating knives within vertical containers
- B02C18/12—Disintegrating by knives or other cutting or tearing members which chop material into fragments with rotating knives within vertical containers with drive arranged below container
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
- B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
- B02C18/00—Disintegrating by knives or other cutting or tearing members which chop material into fragments
- B02C18/06—Disintegrating by knives or other cutting or tearing members which chop material into fragments with rotating knives
- B02C18/16—Details
- B02C18/18—Knives; Mountings thereof
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
- B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
- B02C19/00—Other disintegrating devices or methods
- B02C19/0012—Devices for disintegrating materials by collision of these materials against a breaking surface or breaking body and/or by friction between the material particles (also for grain)
- B02C19/0043—Devices for disintegrating materials by collision of these materials against a breaking surface or breaking body and/or by friction between the material particles (also for grain) the materials to be pulverised being projected against a breaking surface or breaking body by a pressurised fluid
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
- B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
- B02C19/00—Other disintegrating devices or methods
- B02C19/0056—Other disintegrating devices or methods specially adapted for specific materials not otherwise provided for
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
- B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
- B02C19/00—Other disintegrating devices or methods
- B02C19/18—Use of auxiliary physical effects, e.g. ultrasonics, irradiation, for disintegrating
- B02C19/186—Use of cold or heat for disintegrating
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
- B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
- B02C23/00—Auxiliary methods or auxiliary devices or accessories specially adapted for crushing or disintegrating not provided for in preceding groups or not specially adapted to apparatus covered by a single preceding group
- B02C23/02—Feeding devices
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
- B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
- B02C2201/00—Codes relating to disintegrating devices adapted for specific materials
- B02C2201/06—Codes relating to disintegrating devices adapted for specific materials for garbage, waste or sewage
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/10—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in agriculture
- Y02A40/20—Fertilizers of biological origin, e.g. guano or fertilizers made from animal corpses
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Food Science & Technology (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Toxicology (AREA)
- Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
- Fertilizers (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a waste bacteria stick steam explosion organic fertilizer production device and a use method thereof, and relates to the technical field of organic fertilizer processing devices. The invention solves the problems of high energy consumption and high cost in the treatment process of a steam explosion device adopting a horizontal machine body and a waste bacteria stick treatment steam explosion device directly introduced with high-temperature high-pressure steam by arranging the steam explosion cylinder, the spiral material pushing plate, the steam inlet pipe, the flow guide groove and the reflux groove.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of organic fertilizer processing devices, in particular to a waste bacterium rod steam explosion organic fertilizer production device and a use method thereof.
Background
Steam explosion is a process method for tearing materials into fine materials by the explosive effect generated by the rapid expansion of gas in pores when the materials filled with pressure steam are suddenly decompressed. Is widely applied to the field of textile fiber manufacturing. In addition, the used mushroom sticks are gradually reduced in nutrients and finally lose the capability of continuously culturing the mushrooms and the plants after being repeatedly used for many times, and how to treat a large number of waste mushroom sticks is an important problem. When the steam explosion process is used in the waste bacteria stick treatment work, the waste bacteria sticks are treated to form an organic fertilizer for agricultural production, the problem that a large amount of waste bacteria sticks are not treated is solved, the purpose of recycling waste materials is achieved, and the environment-friendly effect is fully exerted.
At present, a steam explosion device for treating waste mushroom sticks adopts a horizontal machine body and a mode of directly introducing high-temperature high-pressure steam, though the horizontal machine body is highly convenient to feed, the effect of the horizontal machine body in the aspect of material mixing is poor, the high-temperature high-pressure steam is directly introduced to not reach the circulation effect, a large amount of high-temperature high-pressure steam needs to be continuously introduced in order to reach the complete steam explosion effect, and therefore the problems of high energy consumption and high cost in the treatment process are caused.
Disclosure of Invention
Technical problem to be solved
Aiming at the defects of the prior art, the invention provides a waste bacteria rod steam explosion organic fertilizer production device, which solves the problems of high energy consumption and high cost in the treatment process of a waste bacteria rod treatment steam explosion device in the form of adopting a horizontal machine body and directly introducing high-temperature high-pressure steam.
(II) technical scheme
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme: the utility model provides a useless fungus stick steam explosion fertilizer apparatus for producing, includes the cylindric steam explosion section of thick bamboo of vertical setting, the bottom of steam explosion section of thick bamboo is provided with the driving motor and takes the discharging pipe of valve, the top of steam explosion section of thick bamboo is provided with stage feed arrangement, the driving motor is connected with the drive shaft transmission of the vertical setting in inside of steam explosion section of thick bamboo, be provided with the activity on the inner wall of steam explosion section of thick bamboo and cup joint the grid plate on drive shaft surface, the surface of drive shaft is provided with spiral scraping wings and shears the sword, and shears the top and the below that sword and spiral scraping wings are located the grid plate respectively.
Be provided with vertical guiding gutter on the outer wall of steam explosion section of thick bamboo, the position department that the outer wall of steam explosion section of thick bamboo corresponds guiding gutter top and bottom is provided with the through-hole, the outer wall circumference of steam explosion section of thick bamboo is equidistant to be provided with a plurality of admission pipes, and the admission pipe is located between net grating board and the guiding gutter, the one end of admission pipe extends to the inside of steam explosion section of thick bamboo, the other end of admission pipe is linked together with the annular communicating pipe that steam explosion section of thick bamboo surface set up, be provided with two annular chases on the outer wall circumference of steam explosion section of thick bamboo, two the chases is located the top of net grating board and the below of guiding gutter respectively, the position department that the outer wall of steam explosion section of thick bamboo corresponds chases one end is provided with logical groove, all be provided with the steam inlet nozzle that is linked together with steam generator on the other end of chases and the pipe wall of communicating pipe.
Preferably, the number of the discharge pipes is at least two, and the discharge pipes are symmetrically arranged around the driving motor.
Preferably, stage feed arrangement includes vertical setting at the electric putter at steam explosion section of thick bamboo top, set up around electric putter and with a plurality of inlet pipes that steam explosion section of thick bamboo is linked together, set up the feeder hopper at the inlet pipe top, set up at the top of feeder hopper and cup joint the charging tray on electric putter surface and set up in the top of charging tray and with electric putter's top fixed connection's apron.
Preferably, the top of the steam explosion cylinder is provided with a guide post, and the cover plate is provided with a guide block movably sleeved on the surface of the guide post.
Preferably, the guide block is in an inverted L shape matched with the depth dimension of the feeding disc.
Preferably, the cover plate comprises a flat plate structure at the top and a protruding structure at the bottom, and the flat plate structure and the protruding structure are respectively matched with the shapes of the feeding disc and the feeding hopper.
Preferably, the structure of the net grating plate is funnel-shaped.
Preferably, the shearing knife comprises a large knife and a small knife, and the small knife is positioned below the large knife and inside the middle cavity of the funnel-shaped grid plate.
Preferably, the steam outlet end of the steam inlet pipe is arranged in a downward inclined mode, the inner side walls, close to the top end and the bottom end, of the guide grooves are of smooth curved surface structures, and the steam outlet end of the steam inlet pipe corresponds to the through hole in the top position of the guide groove.
Preferably, the use method of the waste bacteria stick steam explosion organic fertilizer production device comprises the following steps:
s1, preheating: closing the discharge pipe and the cover plate, starting a driving motor, driving the shearing knife and the spiral material pushing plate to operate by the driving motor through a driving shaft, and introducing high-temperature high-pressure steam with a certain volume through the steam inlet nozzle, the communicating pipe, the steam inlet pipe and the reflux groove for preheating;
s2, charging and pressure relief: the electric push rod drives the cover plate to ascend under the guiding action of the guide post and the guide block and move away from the feed hopper to balance the pressure inside and outside the steam explosion cylinder;
s3, adding materials: adding waste mushroom sticks and auxiliary materials through a feed hopper and a feed pipe, and closing a cover plate;
s4, crushing and stirring: the waste mushroom rods and the auxiliary materials fall through the feeding pipe, the shearing knife rotates at a high speed, the waste mushroom rods and the auxiliary materials are cut into fragmented materials, and the fragmented materials fall through meshes of the grid plate;
s5, steam circulation: high-temperature high-pressure steam is continuously introduced through the steam inlet nozzle, the communicating pipe, the steam inlet pipe and the reflux groove, the high-temperature high-pressure steam is guided by the reflux groove to realize spiral circulation in the steam explosion cylinder, the high-temperature high-pressure steam is emitted to the inside of the steam explosion cylinder through the steam inlet pipe, enters the guide groove through the through hole to flow from top to bottom, enters the steam explosion cylinder through the through hole at the bottom of the guide groove to flow upwards, and circulation in the vertical direction is realized;
s6, steam explosion reaction: continuously introducing high-temperature high-pressure steam until the interior of the steam explosion barrel reaches a certain pressure, reducing the introduction flow of the high-temperature high-pressure steam to maintain the pressure in the steam explosion barrel, realizing that the high-temperature high-pressure steam is circulated to fill the whole steam explosion barrel, continuously rotating the spiral material pushing plate to drive fragmented materials in the steam explosion barrel to turn over from bottom to top, turning the fragmented materials downwards from the flow guide groove along with the circulated high-temperature high-pressure steam, realizing that the high-temperature high-pressure steam is fully contacted and mixed with the fragmented materials, and achieving the steam explosion effect;
s7, discharging and pressure relief: and opening the cover plate, introducing normal-temperature dry air through the air inlet nozzle, the communicating pipe, the air inlet pipe and the reflux groove, closing the driving motor to rotate in the forward direction after delaying for a moment, switching the rotation direction of the driving motor to rotate in the reverse direction, and opening the discharge pipe to finish discharging.
(III) advantageous effects
The invention provides a waste bacteria stick steam explosion organic fertilizer production device, which has the following beneficial effects:
the invention adopts the vertical steam explosion cylinder and the spiral material pushing plate, the inclined steam inlet pipes and the vertical flow guide grooves which are arranged on the circumference of the outer wall of the steam explosion cylinder and the two annular backflow grooves which are arranged on the circumference of the outer wall of the steam explosion cylinder and are close to the top and the bottom, the spiral material pushing plate rotates to realize that fragmented materials turn over upwards and fully contact with high-temperature high-pressure steam, the backflow groove realizes that the high-temperature high-pressure steam circulates in the steam explosion cylinder, the steam inlet pipes and the flow guide grooves realize that the high-temperature high-pressure steam circulates in the vertical direction, and the fragmented materials are promoted to fully contact and mix with the high-temperature high-pressure steam by matching use, thereby improving the steam explosion effect, reducing the amount of the introduced high-temperature high-pressure steam, reducing the power of the steam generator, reducing the energy consumption and the cost, and solving the problems that the horizontal machine body and the waste bacteria stick directly introduced high-temperature high-pressure steam explosion device are adopted in the prior art, the problems of high energy consumption and high cost exist in the treatment process.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the overall structure of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is an elevation view of the stage feed apparatus of the present invention in position;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the internal structure of the steam explosion tube of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a front view of a grid panel of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a top view of the present invention with the feed tray in place;
FIG. 6 is a top sectional view of the steam explosion tube corresponding to the position of the reflux groove.
In the figure: 1. a steam explosion cylinder; 2. a drive motor; 3. a discharge pipe; 4. a stage feeding device; 401. an electric push rod; 402. a feed pipe; 403. a feed hopper; 404. a feed tray; 405. a cover plate; 406. a guide post; 407. a guide block; 5. a drive shaft; 6. a mesh grid plate; 7. a spiral pusher plate; 8. a shearing knife; 801. a large-size knife; 802. a small knife; 9. a diversion trench; 10. a through hole; 11. a steam inlet pipe; 12. a communicating pipe; 13. a reflux tank; 14. a through groove; 15. and a steam inlet nozzle.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
As shown in fig. 1 to 6, the present invention provides a technical solution: the utility model provides a useless fungus stick steam explosion fertilizer apparatus for producing, cylindric steam explosion section of thick bamboo 1 including vertical setting, the bottom of steam explosion section of thick bamboo 1 is provided with driving motor 2 and takes the discharging pipe 3 of valve, the top of steam explosion section of thick bamboo 1 is provided with stage feed arrangement 4, driving motor 2 is connected with the 5 transmissions of the inside vertical drive shaft that sets up of steam explosion section of thick bamboo 1, it cup joints at the 5 surperficial net grating 6 of drive shaft to be provided with the activity on the inner wall of steam explosion section of thick bamboo 1, the surface of drive shaft 5 is provided with spiral scraping wings 7 and shears sword 8, and shears sword 8 and spiral scraping wings 7 and be located the top and the below of net grating 6 respectively.
The outer wall of the steam explosion tube 1 is provided with a vertical diversion trench 9, the outer wall of the steam explosion tube 1 is provided with through holes 10 at positions corresponding to the top and the bottom of the diversion trench 9, the outer wall circumference of the steam explosion tube 1 is equidistantly provided with a plurality of steam inlet pipes 11, the steam inlet pipes 11 are positioned between the grid plate 6 and the diversion trench 9, one ends of the steam inlet pipes 11 extend to the inside of the steam explosion tube 1, the other ends of the steam inlet pipes 11 are communicated with an annular communicating pipe 12 arranged on the surface of the steam explosion tube 1, the outer wall circumference of the steam explosion tube 1 is provided with two annular reflux trenches 13, the two reflux trenches 13 are respectively positioned above the grid plate 6 and below the diversion trench 9, the position of the outer wall of the steam explosion tube 1 corresponding to one end of the reflux trench 13 is provided with a through trench 14, and the other ends of the reflux trenches 13 and the pipe walls of the communicating pipe 12 are provided with steam inlets 15 communicated with a steam generator.
As a technical optimization of the invention, at least two discharge pipes 3 are provided, and the discharge pipes 3 are symmetrically arranged around the drive motor 2.
As a technical optimization scheme of the present invention, the stage feeding device 4 includes an electric push rod 401 vertically disposed at the top of the steam explosion cylinder 1, a plurality of feeding pipes 402 disposed around the electric push rod 401 and communicated with the steam explosion cylinder 1, a feeding hopper 403 disposed at the top of the feeding pipes 402, a feeding tray 404 disposed at the top of the feeding hopper 403 and sleeved on the surface of the electric push rod 401, and a cover plate 405 disposed above the feeding tray 404 and fixedly connected to the top of the electric push rod 401.
As a technical optimization scheme of the invention, the top of the steam explosion tube 1 is provided with a guide post 406, and the cover plate 405 is provided with a guide block 407 movably sleeved on the surface of the guide post 406.
As a technical optimization scheme of the invention, the guide block 407 is in an inverted L shape matched with the depth dimension of the feed tray 404.
As a technical optimization of the present invention, the cover plate 405 includes a top plate structure and a bottom protrusion structure, and the plate structure and the protrusion structure are respectively adapted to the shapes of the feeding tray 404 and the feeding hopper 403.
As a technical optimization scheme of the present invention, the grid plate 6 has a funnel-shaped structure.
As a technical optimization scheme of the present invention, the shearing knife 8 includes a large-size knife 801 and a small-size knife 802, and the small-size knife 802 is located below the large-size knife 801 and inside the middle cavity of the funnel-shaped grid plate 6.
As a technical optimization scheme of the invention, the steam outlet end of the steam inlet pipe 11 is arranged in a downward inclined manner, the inner side walls of the diversion trench 9 close to the top end and the bottom end are both in a smooth curved surface structure, and the steam outlet end of the steam inlet pipe 11 is arranged corresponding to the through hole 10 at the top position of the diversion trench 9.
As a technical optimization scheme of the invention, the use method of the waste bacteria stick steam explosion organic fertilizer production device comprises the following steps:
s1, preheating: closing the discharge pipe 3 and the cover plate 405, starting the driving motor 2, driving the shearing knife 8 and the spiral material pushing plate 7 to operate by the driving motor 2 through the driving shaft 5, and introducing high-temperature high-pressure steam with a certain volume through the steam inlet nozzle 15, the communicating pipe 12, the steam inlet pipe 11 and the reflux groove 13 for preheating;
s2, charging and pressure relief: the electric push rod 401 drives the cover plate 405 to rise under the guiding action of the guide post 406 and the guide block 407, and the cover plate is removed from the feed hopper 403 to balance the internal and external pressure of the steam explosion cylinder 1;
s3, adding materials: adding the waste mushroom sticks and auxiliary materials through a feed hopper 403 and a feed pipe 402, and closing a cover plate 405;
s4, crushing and stirring: the waste mushroom sticks and the auxiliary materials fall through the feeding pipe 402, the shearing knife 8 rotates at a high speed, the waste mushroom sticks and the auxiliary materials are cut into fragmented materials, and the fragmented materials fall through the meshes of the mesh grid plate 6;
s5, steam circulation: high-temperature high-pressure steam is continuously introduced through the steam inlet nozzle 15, the communicating pipe 12, the steam inlet pipe 11 and the reflux groove 13, the high-temperature high-pressure steam is guided by the reflux groove 9 to realize spiral circulation in the steam explosion cylinder 1, the high-temperature high-pressure steam is emitted into the steam explosion cylinder 1 through the steam inlet pipe 11, enters the guide groove 9 through the through hole 10 to circulate from top to bottom, and enters the steam explosion cylinder 1 through the through hole 10 at the bottom of the guide groove 13 to circulate upwards, so that circulation in the vertical direction is realized;
s6, steam explosion reaction: continuously introducing high-temperature high-pressure steam until the inside of the steam explosion barrel 1 reaches a certain pressure, reducing the introduction flow of the high-temperature high-pressure steam to maintain the pressure in the steam explosion barrel 1, realizing that the high-temperature high-pressure steam is circulated to fill the whole steam explosion barrel 1, continuously rotating the spiral material pushing plate 7 to drive fragmented materials in the steam explosion barrel 1 to turn over from bottom to top, turning the fragmented materials downwards from the diversion trench 9 along with the circulated high-temperature high-pressure steam, realizing that the high-temperature high-pressure steam is fully contacted and mixed with the fragmented materials, and achieving a steam explosion effect;
s7, discharging and pressure relief: and opening the cover plate 405, introducing normal-temperature dry air through the air inlet nozzle 15, the communicating pipe 12, the air inlet pipe 11 and the reflux groove 13, stopping the forward rotation of the driving motor 2 after delaying for a moment, switching the rotation direction of the driving motor 2 to enable the driving motor to rotate reversely, and opening the discharge pipe 3 to finish discharging.
In conclusion, the invention solves the problems of high energy consumption and high cost in the treatment process of the steam explosion device adopting a horizontal machine body and a waste bacteria stick treatment steam explosion device directly introduced with high-temperature high-pressure steam in the prior art by arranging the steam explosion cylinder 1, the spiral material pushing plate 7, the steam inlet pipe 11, the flow guide groove 9 and the reflux groove 13.
It is noted that, herein, relational terms such as first and second, and the like may be used solely to distinguish one entity or action from another entity or action without necessarily requiring or implying any actual such relationship or order between such entities or actions. Also, the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.
Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made in these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined in the appended claims and their equivalents.
Claims (10)
1. The utility model provides a useless fungus stick steam explosion fertilizer apparatus for producing, includes cylindric steam explosion section of thick bamboo (1) of vertical setting, its characterized in that: the bottom of the steam explosion cylinder (1) is provided with a driving motor (2) and a discharge pipe (3) with a valve, the top of the steam explosion cylinder (1) is provided with a stage feeding device (4), the driving motor (2) is in transmission connection with a driving shaft (5) which is vertically arranged inside the steam explosion cylinder (1), the inner wall of the steam explosion cylinder (1) is provided with a grid plate (6) which is movably sleeved on the surface of the driving shaft (5), the surface of the driving shaft (5) is provided with a spiral material pushing plate (7) and a shearing knife (8), and the shearing knife (8) and the spiral material pushing plate (7) are respectively positioned above and below the grid plate (6);
the steam explosion device is characterized in that a vertical guide groove (9) is formed in the outer wall of the steam explosion cylinder (1), through holes (10) are formed in positions, corresponding to the top and the bottom of the guide groove (9), of the outer wall of the steam explosion cylinder (1), a plurality of steam inlet pipes (11) are arranged on the circumference of the outer wall of the steam explosion cylinder (1) at equal intervals, the steam inlet pipes (11) are located between a grid plate (6) and the guide groove (9), one ends of the steam inlet pipes (11) extend into the steam explosion cylinder (1), the other ends of the steam inlet pipes (11) are communicated with an annular communicating pipe (12) arranged on the surface of the steam explosion cylinder (1), two annular backflow grooves (13) are formed in the circumference of the outer wall of the steam explosion cylinder (1), the backflow grooves (13) are respectively located above the grid plate (6) and below the guide groove (9), a through groove (14) is formed in a position, corresponding to one end of the backflow groove (13), of the outer wall of the steam explosion cylinder (1), and the other end of the reflux groove (13) and the pipe wall of the communicating pipe (12) are respectively provided with a steam inlet nozzle (15) communicated with the steam generator.
2. The device for producing the waste mushroom rod steam explosion organic fertilizer as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that: the number of the discharge pipes (3) is at least two, and the discharge pipes (3) are symmetrically arranged around the driving motor (2).
3. The device for producing the waste mushroom rod steam explosion organic fertilizer as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that: the stage feeding device (4) comprises an electric push rod (401) vertically arranged at the top of the steam explosion barrel (1), a plurality of feeding pipes (402) which are arranged around the electric push rod (401) and communicated with the steam explosion barrel (1), a feeding hopper (403) arranged at the top of the feeding pipes (402), a feeding disc (404) arranged at the top of the feeding hopper (403) and sleeved on the surface of the electric push rod (401), and a cover plate (405) which is arranged above the feeding disc (404) and fixedly connected with the top of the electric push rod (401).
4. The device for producing the waste mushroom rod steam explosion organic fertilizer as claimed in claim 3, is characterized in that: the top of the steam explosion tube (1) is provided with a guide post (406), and the cover plate (405) is provided with a guide block (407) movably sleeved on the surface of the guide post (406).
5. The device for producing the waste mushroom rod steam explosion organic fertilizer as claimed in claim 4, is characterized in that: the guide block (407) is in an inverted L shape which is matched with the depth dimension of the feed tray (404).
6. The device for producing the waste mushroom rod steam explosion organic fertilizer as claimed in claim 3, is characterized in that: the cover plate (405) comprises a flat plate structure at the top and a protruding structure at the bottom, and the flat plate structure and the protruding structure are respectively matched with the shapes of the feeding disc (404) and the feeding hopper (403).
7. The device for producing the waste mushroom rod steam explosion organic fertilizer as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that: the structure of the net grating plate (6) is funnel-shaped.
8. The device for producing the waste mushroom rod steam explosion organic fertilizer as claimed in claim 7, is characterized in that: the shearing knife (8) comprises a large-size knife (801) and a small-size knife (802), wherein the small-size knife (802) is positioned below the large-size knife (801) and inside a middle cavity of the funnel-shaped grid plate (6).
9. The device for producing the waste mushroom rod steam explosion organic fertilizer as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that: the steam outlet end of the steam inlet pipe (11) is arranged in a downward inclined mode, the inner side wall, close to the top end and the bottom end, of the guide groove (9) is of a smooth curved surface structure, and the steam outlet end of the steam inlet pipe (11) is arranged corresponding to the through hole (10) in the top position of the guide groove (9).
10. The use method of the waste mushroom rod steam explosion organic fertilizer production device according to claim 9 is characterized in that: the method comprises the following steps:
s1, preheating: closing the discharge pipe (3) and the cover plate (405), starting the driving motor (2), driving the shearing knife (8) and the spiral material pushing plate (7) to run by the driving motor (2) through the driving shaft (5), and introducing high-temperature high-pressure steam with a certain volume through the steam inlet nozzle (15), the communicating pipe (12), the steam inlet pipe (11) and the reflux groove (13) for preheating;
s2, charging and pressure relief: an electric push rod (401) drives a cover plate (405) to ascend under the guiding action of a guide post (406) and a guide block (407) and move away from a feed hopper (403) to balance the internal and external pressure of the steam explosion cylinder (1);
s3, adding materials: adding the waste mushroom sticks and auxiliary materials through a feed hopper (403) and a feed pipe (402), and closing a cover plate (405);
s4, crushing and stirring: the waste mushroom sticks and the auxiliary materials fall through the feeding pipe (402), the shearing knife (8) rotates at a high speed, the waste mushroom sticks and the auxiliary materials are cut into pieces, the pieces are made into pieces, and the pieces fall through meshes of the grid plate (6);
s5, steam circulation: high-temperature high-pressure steam is continuously introduced through a steam inlet nozzle (15), a communicating pipe (12), a steam inlet pipe (11) and a reflux groove (13), the high-temperature high-pressure steam is guided by the reflux groove (13) to realize spiral circulation in the steam explosion tube (1), the high-temperature high-pressure steam is shot to the inside of the steam explosion tube (1) through the steam inlet pipe (11), enters a guide groove (9) through a through hole (10) to circulate from top to bottom, enters the steam explosion tube (1) through the through hole (10) at the bottom of the guide groove (9) to circulate upwards, and circulation in the vertical direction is realized;
s6, steam explosion reaction: continuously introducing high-temperature high-pressure steam until the inside of the steam explosion barrel (1) reaches a certain pressure, reducing the introduction flow of the high-temperature high-pressure steam to maintain the pressure in the steam explosion barrel (1), realizing that the high-temperature high-pressure steam is circulated to fill the whole steam explosion barrel (1), continuously rotating a spiral material pushing plate (7) to drive fragmented materials in the steam explosion barrel (1) to turn over from bottom to top, turning the fragmented materials downwards from the inside of a diversion trench (9) along with the circulated high-temperature high-pressure steam, realizing that the high-temperature high-pressure steam is fully contacted and mixed with the fragmented materials, and achieving the steam explosion effect;
s7, discharging and pressure relief: and opening a cover plate (405), introducing normal-temperature dry air through a steam inlet nozzle (15), a communicating pipe (12), a steam inlet pipe (11) and a reflux groove (13), closing the driving motor (2) to rotate in the forward direction after delaying for a moment, switching the rotation direction of the driving motor (2) to rotate in the reverse direction, and opening the discharge pipe (3) to finish discharging.
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