CN113877660A - Rice processing technology - Google Patents
Rice processing technology Download PDFInfo
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- CN113877660A CN113877660A CN202111116883.9A CN202111116883A CN113877660A CN 113877660 A CN113877660 A CN 113877660A CN 202111116883 A CN202111116883 A CN 202111116883A CN 113877660 A CN113877660 A CN 113877660A
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- 235000007164 Oryza sativa Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 270
- 235000009566 rice Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 270
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 72
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 11
- 240000007594 Oryza sativa Species 0.000 title 1
- 241000209094 Oryza Species 0.000 claims abstract description 270
- 235000021329 brown rice Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 85
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 49
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 37
- 238000005498 polishing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 238000012216 screening Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 238000004806 packaging method and process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 230000002087 whitening effect Effects 0.000 claims description 22
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron Substances [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000004575 stone Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 240000008042 Zea mays Species 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000005824 Zea mays ssp. parviglumis Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000002017 Zea mays subsp mays Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000005822 corn Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000003801 milling Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 235000013339 cereals Nutrition 0.000 description 16
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 8
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- 238000007885 magnetic separation Methods 0.000 description 1
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Images
Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
- B02B—PREPARING GRAIN FOR MILLING; REFINING GRANULAR FRUIT TO COMMERCIAL PRODUCTS BY WORKING THE SURFACE
- B02B5/00—Grain treatment not otherwise provided for
- B02B5/02—Combined processes
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B07—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS; SORTING
- B07C—POSTAL SORTING; SORTING INDIVIDUAL ARTICLES, OR BULK MATERIAL FIT TO BE SORTED PIECE-MEAL, e.g. BY PICKING
- B07C5/00—Sorting according to a characteristic or feature of the articles or material being sorted, e.g. by control effected by devices which detect or measure such characteristic or feature; Sorting by manually actuated devices, e.g. switches
- B07C5/34—Sorting according to other particular properties
- B07C5/342—Sorting according to other particular properties according to optical properties, e.g. colour
- B07C5/3425—Sorting according to other particular properties according to optical properties, e.g. colour of granular material, e.g. ore particles, grain
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- Adjustment And Processing Of Grains (AREA)
Abstract
The application discloses a rice processing technology, which comprises the steps of putting paddy into a screening machine, and removing impurities in the paddy through the screening machine; then, the screened paddy is added into a huller for hulling, and then the paddy is separated into brown rice through a paddy screening sieve, and the brown rice is stored in a brown rice bin; processing the brown rice in the brown rice bin by a rice mill to obtain primary rice, wherein the primary rice can be obtained by milling by 5 rice mills, the milling parameters of each rice mill can be respectively set to be 20%, 25%, 20% and 15%, and the primary rice obtained by primary white rice sorting and length sorting is stored in a primary rice bin; when polished rice needs to be processed, performing color sorting on the primary rice in the primary rice bin, polishing the primary rice after the color sorting, and performing secondary white rice sorting to obtain polished rice; and finally, packaging the polished rice obtained by processing. It can be seen that the process can realize variety collocation and independent processing at the outlet, and improve the production efficiency and the quality stability.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of rice processing, in particular to a rice processing technology.
Background
In recent years, the grain problem is increasingly highlighted, the grain processing industry is used as an intermediate link for starting and stopping, and excessive processing and low utilization rate of raw grains are main reasons for causing grain waste and are problems which are urgently needed to be solved at present by the grain processing industry.
With the development of social economy, market competition is more and more intense, the higher the product quality requirement of customers comes, and the demand of customers for small batches, small packages and the like of rice is on the rising trend.
In the production process of small-batch and small-package rice, the prior art often has the problems of low efficiency, unstable quality and high production power consumption.
Disclosure of Invention
Based on this, the embodiment of the application provides a rice processing technology, has improved the efficiency and the quality stability of rice processing technology, simultaneously, has improved former grain utilization ratio, has increased the rice rate of occurrence, has reduced the grain waste, has reached the target of festival grain loss reduction in stages.
The application provides a rice processing technology, which comprises the following steps:
s1, paddy screening: placing the paddy into a screening machine, and removing impurities in the paddy through the screening machine;
s2, brown rice processing: adding the screened paddy into a huller for hulling, separating the paddy into brown rice by a brown rice screening sieve, and storing the brown rice into a brown rice bin;
s3, primary rice processing: processing the brown rice in the brown rice bin by a rice mill to obtain primary rice, and storing the primary rice to the primary rice bin;
s4, polished rice processing: performing color sorting on the primary rice in the primary rice bin through a color sorting machine, and polishing the primary rice after the color sorting through a polishing machine to obtain fine rice;
s5, packaging: and packaging the polished rice obtained by processing the polished rice.
Optionally, the brown rice in the brown rice bin is processed by a rice mill to obtain primary rice, and the method comprises the following steps:
and (3) carrying out whitening on the brown rice by using a 5-step rice mill, wherein the whitening parameters of each step of rice mill are 20% of the first step, 25% of the second step, 20% of the third step, 20% of the fourth step and 15% of the fifth step.
Optionally, the rice screening: put into the sieve separator with corn, get rid of the impurity in the corn through the sieve separator, still include:
the method comprises the steps of removing empty-shell paddy and light-weight impurities in the paddy in a wind screening mode, and then removing stones in the paddy by using a stone remover.
Optionally, the primary rice processing further comprises: directly processing the brown rice obtained by processing the brown rice into primary rice to obtain the primary rice.
Optionally, the polished rice processing further comprises: and directly processing the primary rice obtained by processing the primary rice into polished rice.
Optionally, the color sorting the primary rice in the primary rice bin by a color sorter includes:
and (4) carrying out three-step color sorting on the primary rice in the primary rice bin by using a color sorter.
Optionally, polishing the color-selected primary rice by a polishing machine to obtain polished rice, including:
and polishing the primary rice after the color separation by adopting a light grinding mode by the polishing machine.
Optionally, the processing the brown rice in the brown rice bin by a rice mill to form primary rice comprises: the rice is processed by a rice mill in a 'two-sand three-iron' mode to form primary rice.
Optionally, the outlet and inlet of the brown rice bin and the primary rice bin comprise a conveyor for transporting the brown rice and the primary rice.
Optionally, the outlets of the brown rice bin and the primary rice bin comprise flow control devices for production flow control and variety matching.
According to the technical scheme provided by the embodiment of the application, the paddy is placed in the screening machine, and impurities in the paddy are removed through the screening machine; then, the screened paddy is added into a huller for hulling treatment, and then the selected paddy is screened for separating the paddy into brown rice, and the brown rice is stored in a brown rice bin; processing the brown rice in the brown rice bin by a rice mill to obtain primary rice, and storing the primary rice into the primary rice bin; then, performing color sorting on the primary rice in the primary rice bin through a color sorting machine, and polishing the primary rice after the color sorting through a polishing machine to obtain polished rice; and finally, packaging the polished rice obtained by processing the polished rice. It can be seen that the beneficial effects of this application lie in: through establishing the brown rice bin and the primary rice bin, the purposes of carrying out variety collocation and independent processing at the outlet can be realized, and the production efficiency and the quality stability are improved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a rice processing process provided in an embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 2 is a flow chart of a process for processing raw rice according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;
FIG. 3 is a comparison chart of the whitening parameter adjustment of the rice mill before and after the modification of the embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 4 is a comparison chart of the temperature of each meter before and after the modification of the embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 5 is a graph showing the relationship between the crushing rate before and after the transformation according to the embodiment of the present application.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present application more apparent, the present application is further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the present application and are not intended to limit the present application.
The terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, system, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of steps or elements is not necessarily limited to those steps or elements specifically listed, but may include other steps or elements not expressly listed that are inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus or that are added to a further optimization scheme based on the present inventive concept.
Referring to fig. 1, a rice processing process provided by an embodiment of the present application is illustrated, which may include the following steps:
s1, paddy screening: putting the paddy into a screening machine, and removing impurities in the paddy through the screening machine.
In the embodiment of the application, the method adopts a wind screening mode to remove the empty-shell paddy and light-weight impurities in the paddy, and then removes stones in the paddy by using a stone remover.
S2, brown rice processing: adding the screened paddy into a huller for hulling, separating the paddy into brown rice by a brown rice screening sieve, and storing the brown rice into a brown rice bin;
in this application, add the brown rice storehouse, in order to improve former granary volume utilization ratio, former granary changes brown rice storehouse and business turn over storehouse equipment into. 4 original grain bins for containing rice are changed into brown rice after being husked and selected, 600 tons of rice are originally contained, 800 tons of brown rice are currently contained, and the bin capacity is improved by 30%; the independent processing of different varieties is realized, the different varieties are loaded into different bins, and the matching of the varieties at the bin outlet is realized; the brown rice is independently processed, the brown rice is stored in the bin, the brown rice in the bin is used at any time during processing the white rice, the moving link is reduced, and the production efficiency is improved. In order to ensure smooth discharging and feeding of the brown rice bin, a discharging conveyor is respectively added at an inlet and an outlet of the bin, and a flow control device is added at the outlet, so that the production flow control and variety matching are facilitated.
It can be seen that the brown rice bin is arranged to realize the separation of brown rice production and white rice production. The rice bin is originally matched with a production workshop, rice is processed into brown rice for storage at present, the utilization rate of bin capacity is improved, the moving frequency of production feeding is reduced, the operation cost is saved, the problem of rice quality reduction caused by accumulation of bottom materials in the rice bin is solved, and the problem is obviously reduced by storing the brown rice; meanwhile, the brown rice of different varieties can be matched for use, the product quality is balanced, raw materials used in the rice production are changed from original rice into brown rice, and the production organization is facilitated.
S3, primary rice processing: processing the brown rice in the brown rice bin by a rice mill to obtain primary rice, and storing the primary rice into a primary rice bin;
in this application, add the first rice storehouse, the rice workshop is transformed by original old flour workshop and forms, has the moist wheat storehouse 4 in the former flour workshop, and the storehouse holds 100 tons of wheat, utilizes this moist wheat storehouse, changes it into first rice storehouse and also can adorn 100 tons, is exactly the output of a class in rice workshop. Can realize the storage of the original rice in a warehouse in a separate production way. In the arrangement of production shifts, the first rice is produced in the night shift in a staggered mode, and the fine rice is packed in the white shift in a centralized mode. Originally, people in one large shift are divided into two shifts without adding people, so that peak staggering production is realized, and the number of people in the night shift is reduced; because 4 initial rice bins are provided, different varieties can be respectively processed and respectively placed in different bins, and rice blending under the bins is realized; during the storage of the early rice in the bin, the temperature of the rice naturally drops.
It can be seen that the application of the primary rice bin greatly improves the flexibility and adaptability of the process and promotes the exertion of the efficiency of the equipment. The rice is produced by adopting the primary rice process, a plurality of primary rice bins are arranged, the rice production process is suitable for the production of rice of different varieties in one shift and is suitable for the production of rice of different qualities, and the primary rice production process can be adjusted at will by adopting a single-cycle and large-cycle mode; the problems of non-centralized production tasks and small single-batch production capacity are solved. Because the primary rice bin can also be used as a storage bin, the bulk rice is used as a stock, the fine rice processing and packaging production can be started at any time according to the variety required by the market, the supply is ensured, and the whole line does not need to be started for a small batch of tasks, so that the production efficiency is low and the production cost is high; the difficulty in production organization caused by the shortage of personnel in the production line is relieved, the labor intensity is reduced, and the potential safety hazard is reduced.
In the embodiment of the application, the whitening times of the rice mill are prolonged. In the prior art, one-sand two-iron three-way whitening is changed into two-sand three-iron five-way whitening, and four rice mills are additionally arranged. And (3) whitening is carried out through 5 rice mills, wherein whitening parameters of the rice mills are 20% of the first pass, 25% of the second pass, 20% of the third pass, 20% of the fourth pass and 15% of the fifth pass, so that flexible whitening is realized. The advantage of using ferriferrous sand is that the breaking is relatively low, the rice temperature is low, the degerming effect is good, and the advantage of using five steps of whitening is that the breaking rate of rice grains is reduced and the extraction rate of rice is increased.
S4, polished rice processing: performing color sorting on the primary rice in the primary rice bin through a color sorting machine, and polishing the primary rice after the color sorting through a polishing machine to obtain fine rice;
in this application, compare and increase a look selection machine in prior art, update two look selection machines. One color sorting is added for the first time, the two color sorting is changed into three color sorting, the sorting efficiency is increased, two new color sorting machines are replaced for the second time, the original 80 color sorting machine is changed into a domestic 420 color sorting machine, and the sorting efficiency is further improved. After the color sorter is transformed, remarkable effect is achieved, the good rice content in the bad grains is obviously reduced, and the carrying-out proportion is kept at a good level of 14: 1.
During polishing, the polishing machine can adopt a light grinding method, so that the increase of broken rice is reduced, the single machine treatment capacity is increased, and the quality of rice is good. Meanwhile, the yield of the produced polished rice can be improved, and the working time is shortened.
In the embodiment of the application, as the primary rice bin is positioned in the cleaning process, the primary rice needs to be fed into the bin by adding the belt conveyor.
S5, packaging: and packaging and stacking the polished rice obtained by processing the polished rice to form a goods position.
In an embodiment of the present application, the method further includes: the primary rice production can be carried out from rice milling to rice white grading, and the primary rice enters a primary rice bin after color selection, wherein the primary rice production needs color selection, so that the primary rice reaches 6 times of selection during fine rice processing, the rate of different color grains can be reduced, and the rice quality is ensured. Then, the polished rice is produced after the polished rice comes out from the primary rice bin and is subjected to color sorting and polishing, and the process is called as single cycle; the full-line production can also be realized, namely the rice enters the primary rice bin after color sorting and polishing, and then goes out of the primary rice bin and is subjected to color sorting and polishing to carry out fine rice processing, and the condition is called as large circulation. The method is suitable for the condition of poor rice quality, does not need to increase equipment, prolongs the color selection polishing route, increases the number of channels, and ensures the quality and the rice yield.
In an alternative embodiment of the present application, the staged brown rice production process is comprised of three parts: firstly, processing brown rice. The rice is cleaned to be hulled to a brown rice bin, the production section is mainly based on the situation of the brown rice bin, is not limited by the production of white rice, and can be produced and stored in advance to be used as a rice raw material; secondly, processing the primary rice. Discharging from a brown rice bin to a rice milling bin, grading white rice to a primary rice bin; and thirdly, processing polished rice. The method comprises the steps of discharging from a primary rice bin, performing color sorting, polishing, packaging finished products and stacking to form a goods position. The process flow schematic diagram is shown in fig. 2, specifically:
in the production line of the brown rice, the rice is firstly stored in a temporary storage bin, magnetic separation is carried out through a magnetic separator after impurity removal and stone removal operations, finally the rice is added into a rice huller for rice hulling treatment, and then a brown rice sieve is used for grading the brown rice to prepare the brown rice which is stored in a brown rice storage bin;
in the primary rice production line, the brown rice in the brown rice storage bin is subjected to 5 steps of whitening, then sequentially subjected to white rice sorting, length sorting, 2 steps of polishing, 3 steps of color sorting and the like, and then stored in the primary rice bin, or directly subjected to secondary white rice sorting and then packaged into finished products;
in the fine rice production line, the primary rice stored in the primary rice bin is subjected to white rice sorting, length sorting, 2 polishing, 3 color sorting and the like, and then is subjected to secondary white rice sorting, and then finished product packaging is carried out.
In the embodiment of the application, the existing rice bin is changed into the brown rice bin, and specifically, 4 original rice bins for storing rice originally can be changed into brown rice meeting the processing quality of white rice, the original water containing rice is 600 tons per bin, 800 tons of brown rice per bin can be contained after transformation, and the bin capacity utilization rate is improved by more than 33%.
For the initial rice bin, the rice workshop is formed by transforming the original old flour workshop, and the original wheat wetting bin with the capacity of 100 tons of bins (4 bins) is changed into the initial rice bin for filling rice and can also be filled to 100 tons, namely the yield of one shift (12 hours) of the rice workshop.
In the embodiment of the application, in the actual deployment of each machine:
referring to fig. 3, the rice mill whitening procedure is changed from the original one-sand two-iron three-way whitening to two-sand three-iron five-way whitening, and the whitening parameters of each rice mill are adjusted from the original first 35%, second 35% and third 30% to the first 20%, second 25%, third 20%, fourth 20% and fifth 15%, so that flexible whitening is realized.
Wherein, each rice mill whitening parameter of adopting prior art has the characteristics that the rice milling flow is big, pressure is big, thereby excessively extrudees and leads to the broken rice rate to uprise, thereby utilizes each rice mill whitening parameter of this application to reduce the whitening parameter of each way and reduce the rice grain breakage rate and increase the rice extraction rate.
One color selection is added, the two color selections are changed into three, and the selection line is prolonged; and two color sorters are updated, so that sorting efficiency is further improved.
The rice temperature and the breakage rate before and after the process is modified are shown in figures 4 and 5, and it can be seen that the process route is prolonged due to sectional processing, light grinding, light polishing and light selection are realized, the rice temperature is reduced (the rice temperature before modification is 50 ℃ and the rice temperature after modification is 41 ℃), the nutrient substances in the rice are effectively reserved, the breakage rate is reduced, the yield is improved, and the process meets the technical requirements of moderate processing.
The innovation points of the application mainly represent the following aspects.
Firstly, the adaptability of the process is improved. The method is suitable for processing different varieties and producing products with different quality requirements; the system is suitable for meeting the requirements of different sales conditions under different conditions of production personnel;
secondly, the process flexibility is improved. The traditional flow line production can be adopted, and the segmented production of the brown rice, the first rice and the polished rice can also be adopted, and the three parts can be combined at will; the efficiency and the potential of equipment are fully excavated, the production efficiency is improved, and the quality is ensured, so that the economic benefit is improved, and the food safety is ensured;
thirdly, the rice mill whitening procedure adopts ferriferrous iron. At present, most rice plants adopt one-sand ferrosoferric, and the two-sand ferrosoferric has the advantages of relatively low crushing, low rice temperature and good degerming effect.
Fourthly, the operation and storage cost is reduced. The rice factories mostly store rice and supply the rice at any time according to production needs, so that production personnel and feeding personnel are required to be equipped, a raw grain bin is arranged into a brown rice bin, the rice is purchased and directly processed into brown rice, the brown rice is mainly stored, the utilization rate of the raw grain bin can be improved by 30 percent, and the rice hulls can be sold intensively according to market quotations and can be sold at a good price.
Fifthly, the working strength of production operators is reduced, and potential safety hazards are reduced. The production of the first rice can be carried out in the night shift, so that only 1/3 people need to go to the night shift, and the rest white-class polished rice is packed.
Sixthly, the peak shifting production of the night shift of the first meter is carried out, and the electricity cost is greatly reduced.
After the application of the primary rice production process, the production efficiency is improved, and good experience benefits are created; the method conforms to the industrial development direction of moderate processing and has remarkable social benefit. Because the production process of the primary rice is equal to an elongated process line, each device realizes light grinding and fine grinding, reduces the damage to the quality of the rice, retains the effective nutrient components in the rice to the maximum extent and ensures the healthy and safe eating of the rice; meanwhile, the rice rate is improved, so that the waste of grains is avoided; the production process of the primary rice has popularization value. Firstly, the cost is low and the realization is easy; secondly, the effect is quick, and the effect is beneficial when in use; thirdly, the use is very little, and the application space is very large.
The technical features of the embodiments described above may be arbitrarily combined, and for the sake of brevity, all possible combinations of the technical features in the embodiments described above are not described, but should be considered as within the scope of the present specification as long as there is no contradiction between the combinations of the technical features.
The above-mentioned embodiments only express several embodiments of the present application, and the description thereof is more specific and detailed, but not construed as limiting the claims. It should be noted that, for a person skilled in the art, several variations and modifications can be made without departing from the concept of the present application, which falls within the scope of protection of the present application. Therefore, the protection scope of the present patent shall be subject to the appended claims.
Claims (10)
1. A rice processing technology is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1, paddy screening: placing the paddy into a screening machine, and removing impurities in the paddy through the screening machine;
s2, brown rice processing: adding the screened paddy into a huller for hulling, separating the paddy into brown rice by a brown rice screening sieve, and storing the brown rice into a brown rice bin;
s3, primary rice processing: processing the brown rice in the brown rice bin by a rice mill to obtain primary rice, and storing the primary rice to the primary rice bin;
s4, polished rice processing: performing color sorting on the primary rice in the primary rice bin through a color sorting machine, and polishing the primary rice after the color sorting through a polishing machine to obtain fine rice;
s5, packaging: and packaging the polished rice obtained by processing the polished rice.
2. The rice processing process as claimed in claim 1, wherein the brown rice in the brown rice bin is processed by a rice mill to obtain primary rice, comprising:
and (3) carrying out whitening on the brown rice by using a 5-step rice mill, wherein the whitening parameters of each step of rice mill are 20% of the first step, 25% of the second step, 20% of the third step, 20% of the fourth step and 15% of the fifth step.
3. The rice processing process of claim 1, wherein the rice screening: put into the sieve separator with corn, get rid of the impurity in the corn through the sieve separator, still include:
the method comprises the following steps of removing empty-shell rice and light-weight impurities in the rice by adopting a wind screening mode, and then removing stones in the rice by using a stone removing machine.
4. The rice processing process of claim 1, wherein the primary rice processing further comprises: directly processing the brown rice obtained by processing the brown rice into primary rice to obtain the primary rice.
5. The rice processing process of claim 1, wherein the polished rice processing further comprises: and directly processing the primary rice obtained by processing the primary rice into polished rice.
6. The rice processing technology of claim 1, wherein the color sorting of the primary rice in the primary rice bin by a color sorter comprises:
and (4) carrying out three-step color sorting on the primary rice in the primary rice bin by using a color sorter.
7. The rice processing technology of claim 1, wherein the polishing of the colored primary rice by a polishing machine to obtain the polished rice comprises:
and polishing the primary rice after the color separation by adopting a light grinding mode by the polishing machine.
8. The rice processing process as claimed in claim 1, wherein the processing of the brown rice in the brown rice bin by the rice mill to form the primary rice comprises:
the rice is processed by a rice mill in a 'two-sand three-iron' mode to form primary rice.
9. The rice processing process as claimed in claim 1, wherein the inlet and outlet of the brown rice bin and the primary rice bin comprise a conveyor for transporting the brown rice and the primary rice.
10. The rice processing technology as claimed in claim 1, wherein the outlets of the brown rice bin and the primary rice bin include a flow control device for production flow control and variety matching.
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