CN113875501A - High-pressure steam sterilization method for mushroom sticks for mushroom planting in greenhouse - Google Patents
High-pressure steam sterilization method for mushroom sticks for mushroom planting in greenhouse Download PDFInfo
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- CN113875501A CN113875501A CN202111262190.0A CN202111262190A CN113875501A CN 113875501 A CN113875501 A CN 113875501A CN 202111262190 A CN202111262190 A CN 202111262190A CN 113875501 A CN113875501 A CN 113875501A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G18/00—Cultivation of mushrooms
- A01G18/30—Accessories for use before inoculation of spawn, e.g. sterilisers
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G18/00—Cultivation of mushrooms
- A01G18/20—Culture media, e.g. compost
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Abstract
The invention discloses a high-pressure steam sterilization method for mushroom sticks for mushroom planting in a greenhouse, which comprises the following steps: the method comprises the following steps: preparing a sterilizing material: adding the modified montmorillonite into deionized water, stirring for 10-20min at the stirring speed of 100-. According to the greenhouse mushroom planting fungus stick high-pressure steam sterilization method, the sterilization material is prepared by matching modified montmorillonite with the wormwood extraction agent, steam treatment is carried out through a steam box, the sterilization material is steamed out, so that efficient sterilization is carried out on mushroom fungus sticks, the wormwood extraction agent is roasted and fried, water extraction is adopted, and shell powder is matched for boiling, so that extraction of wormwood components is improved, and further the dissolution rate of effective components is improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of greenhouse mushroom planting and utilization, in particular to a high-pressure steam sterilization method for mushroom sticks for greenhouse mushroom planting.
Background
Lentinus edodes, also known as Lentinus edodes, Pleurotus ostreatus, Pleurotus pachycetes, Pleurotus ostreatus, Flammulina velutipes, and Lentinus edodes, is an edible fungus. The edible part is the fruiting body of the mushroom, and the dried mushroom is obtained by dehydrating the fresh mushroom, so that the mushroom is convenient to transport and store and is an important south-north commodity. The dried and fresh shiitake mushrooms are widely used in Chinese dishes. When cooking, the dried shiitake is soaked in water for foaming. Among three vegetarian delicacies, shiitake mushroom often appears as one of the delicacies. Among vegetarian foods, shiitake is one of the important raw materials.
The mushroom cultivation method needs sterilization treatment before mushroom cultivation, the existing sterilization method is simple, the sterilization process is simple, the sterilization efficiency is poor, and the later-stage mushroom cultivation quality is affected.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects of the prior art, the invention aims to provide a high-pressure steam sterilization method for mushroom sticks for mushroom planting in a greenhouse, so as to solve the problems in the background art.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention for solving the technical problems is as follows:
the invention provides a high-pressure steam sterilization method for mushroom sticks for mushroom planting in a greenhouse, which comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: preparing a sterilizing material: adding the modified montmorillonite into deionized water, stirring for 10-20min at the stirring speed of 100-;
step two: feeding the sterilization material into a steam box, and arranging the bacteria sticks outside the steam box, wherein the steam box is provided with steam holes;
step three: firstly, controlling the temperature in a steam box at 110-;
step four: and (3) carrying out variable speed adjustment treatment on the steam flow, finally stabilizing at 0.5-1L/min, and continuing to treat for 10-20 min.
Preferably, the modification method of the modified montmorillonite is as follows:
s1: calcining montmorillonite:
(1) delivering the montmorillonite into hydrochloric acid for acidification, washing for 1-3 times by using boiling water, calcining for 10-20min at the temperature of 100-;
(2) then stirring the mixture in deionized water at a high rotating speed of 100-;
s2: preparing modified montmorillonite:
and (3) conveying the montmorillonite liquid into a centrifuge for centrifuging, washing and drying, and then conveying into a proton irradiation box for irradiating, wherein the irradiation power is 100-500W, and the irradiation time is 10-20min, so as to obtain the modified montmorillonite.
Preferably, the power of the ultrasonic treatment is 165-175W.
Preferably, the power of the sonication is 170W.
Preferably, the preparation method of the wormwood extraction agent comprises the following steps:
s1: firstly, taking wormwood, and then treating in an oven at the temperature of 50-70 ℃ for 20-30min until the water content is 10-20%;
s2: then baking and frying for 10-20min at the temperature of 100-;
s3: then water extraction treatment is carried out;
s4: finally, performing concentration treatment, adding shell powder in the concentration, and decocting for 10-20min by using small fire at 80-90 ℃ to obtain a wormwood extraction agent;
the wormwood extracting agent is prepared by baking, frying, extracting with water, and decocting with the shell powder, so that the extraction of wormwood components is improved, the dissolution rate of effective components is improved, and the wormwood extracting agent is matched with modified montmorillonite which has high adsorbability and activity after being modified, so that the montmorillonite is adsorbed on a fungus stick and is subjected to continuous sterilization treatment;
preferably, the temperature of the water extraction treatment is 120-130 ℃, and the extraction time is 1-2 h.
Preferably, the temperature of the water extraction treatment is 125 ℃, and the extraction time is 1.5 h.
Preferably, the method for activating the shell powder comprises the following steps:
the shell powder is placed at the temperature of 350-400 ℃ for reaction for 10-20min, then the temperature is reduced to 230 ℃ at the temperature of 200-30 ℃, and the heat preservation is continued for 20-30 min;
then cooling to 160-170 ℃, ultrasonically dispersing in water, finally washing and drying to obtain the activated shell powder.
Preferably, the dispersion power is 100-300W, and the ultrasonic time is 20-30 min.
Preferably, the steam flow is increased to 3.0L/min at the rate of 0.1-0.2L/min in the variable speed adjusting treatment, and the flow treatment is kept for 1-5 min; during sterilization, variable speed adjustment treatment is carried out in cooperation with steam flow, and finally, the treatment is stabilized at 0.5-1L/min for 10-20min, and the sterilization efficiency of the product is improved in cooperation with efficient steam sterilization.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
the sterilization material in the high-pressure steam sterilization method for the mushroom sticks planted in the greenhouse is prepared by matching modified montmorillonite with a wormwood extraction agent, steam treatment is carried out through a steam box, the sterilization material is steamed out, so that the mushroom sticks are sterilized efficiently, the wormwood extraction agent is fried and extracted by baking and water and is matched with shell powder to be boiled, so that the extraction of wormwood components is improved, the dissolution rate of effective components is improved, the modified montmorillonite is matched, the montmorillonite has high adsorbability and activity after being modified, so that the montmorillonite is adsorbed on the mushroom sticks and is subjected to continuous sterilization treatment, variable-speed adjustment treatment is carried out in the sterilization by matching with steam flow, and finally, the sterilization efficiency of the product is improved by stabilizing at 0.5-1L/min, continuing treatment for 10-20min and matching with efficient steam sterilization.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention are clearly and completely described below with reference to specific embodiments, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
The high-pressure steam sterilization method for the mushroom sticks for mushroom planting in the greenhouse comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: preparing a sterilizing material: adding the modified montmorillonite into deionized water, stirring for 10-20min at the stirring speed of 100-;
step two: feeding the sterilization material into a steam box, and arranging the bacteria sticks outside the steam box, wherein the steam box is provided with steam holes;
step three: firstly, controlling the temperature in a steam box at 110-;
step four: and (3) carrying out variable speed adjustment treatment on the steam flow, finally stabilizing at 0.5-1L/min, and continuing to treat for 10-20 min.
The modification method of the wormwood modified montmorillonite comprises the following steps:
s1: calcining montmorillonite:
(1) delivering the montmorillonite into hydrochloric acid for acidification, washing for 1-3 times by using boiling water, calcining for 10-20min at the temperature of 100-;
(2) then stirring the mixture in deionized water at a high rotating speed of 100-;
s2: preparing modified montmorillonite:
and (3) conveying the montmorillonite liquid into a centrifuge for centrifuging, washing and drying, and then conveying into a proton irradiation box for irradiating, wherein the irradiation power is 100-500W, and the irradiation time is 10-20min, so as to obtain the modified montmorillonite.
The power of the folium artemisiae argyi ultrasonic treatment is 165-175W.
Preferably, the power of the sonication is 170W.
The preparation method of the wormwood and wormwood extracting agent comprises the following steps:
s1: firstly, taking wormwood, and then treating in an oven at the temperature of 50-70 ℃ for 20-30min until the water content is 10-20%;
s2: then baking and frying for 10-20min at the temperature of 100-;
s3: then water extraction treatment is carried out;
s4: and finally, performing concentration treatment, adding shell powder in the concentration, and decocting for 10-20min by adopting small fire at 80-90 ℃ to obtain the wormwood extraction agent.
The temperature of the water extraction treatment in this embodiment is 120-.
The temperature of the water extraction treatment in this example was 125 ℃ and the extraction time was 1.5 h.
The method for activating the shell powder in the embodiment comprises the following steps:
the shell powder is placed at the temperature of 350-400 ℃ for reaction for 10-20min, then the temperature is reduced to 230 ℃ at the temperature of 200-30 ℃, and the heat preservation is continued for 20-30 min;
then cooling to 160-170 ℃, ultrasonically dispersing in water, finally washing and drying to obtain the activated shell powder.
The dispersion power of the present embodiment is 100-300W, and the ultrasonic time is 20-30 min.
In the variable speed adjustment process of this embodiment, the steam flow is increased to 3.0L/min at a rate of 0.1-0.2L/min, and the flow is maintained for 1-5 min.
Example 1.
The high-pressure steam sterilization method for the mushroom sticks for mushroom planting in the greenhouse comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: preparing a sterilizing material: adding modified montmorillonite into deionized water, stirring for 10min at a stirring speed of 100r/min, adding folium Artemisiae Argyi extractant accounting for 10% of total montmorillonite, and continuing to rotate at a rotation speed of 100r/min for 40min to obtain sterilizing material;
step two: feeding the sterilization material into a steam box, and arranging the bacteria sticks outside the steam box, wherein the steam box is provided with steam holes;
step three: firstly, controlling the temperature in a steam box to be 110 ℃, the steam flow to be 1L/min and the steam pressure to be 1 Mpa;
step four: and (4) carrying out variable speed adjustment treatment on the steam flow, finally, stabilizing at 0.5L/min, and continuing to treat for 10 min.
The modification method of the wormwood modified montmorillonite comprises the following steps:
s1: calcining montmorillonite:
(1) acidifying montmorillonite in hydrochloric acid, washing with boiling water for 1 time, calcining at 100 deg.C for 10min, heating to 300 deg.C, and calcining for 5 min;
(2) then stirring in deionized water at a high rotating speed of 100r/min for 10min, and then carrying out ultrasonic treatment for 10min to obtain montmorillonite liquid after stirring;
s2: preparing modified montmorillonite:
and (3) conveying the montmorillonite liquid into a centrifuge for centrifuging, washing and drying, and then conveying into a proton irradiation box for irradiating, wherein the irradiation power is 100W, and the irradiation time is 10min, so as to obtain the modified montmorillonite.
The power of the wormwood ultrasonic treatment is 165W.
The preparation method of the wormwood and wormwood extracting agent comprises the following steps:
s1: firstly, taking wormwood, and then treating in an oven at the temperature of 50-70 ℃ for 20min until the water content is 10%;
s2: then baking and frying for 10min at 100 ℃, and then raising the temperature to 130 ℃ and continuously baking and frying for 25 min;
s3: then water extraction treatment is carried out;
s4: and finally, performing concentration treatment, adding shell powder in the concentration, and decocting for 10min by adopting small fire at 80 ℃ to obtain the wormwood extraction agent.
The temperature of the water extraction treatment in this example was 120 ℃ and the extraction time was 1 h.
The method for activating the shell powder in the embodiment comprises the following steps:
placing shell powder at 350 deg.C for reaction for 10min, cooling to 200 deg.C, and keeping the temperature for 20 min;
then cooling to 160 ℃, ultrasonically dispersing in water, finally washing and drying to obtain the activated shell powder.
The dispersing power of the present embodiment is 100W, and the ultrasonic time is 20 min.
In the variable speed adjustment process of this embodiment, the steam flow rate is increased to 3.0L/min at a rate of 0.1L/min, and the flow rate is maintained for 1 min.
Example 2.
The high-pressure steam sterilization method for the mushroom sticks for mushroom planting in the greenhouse comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: preparing a sterilizing material: adding the modified montmorillonite into deionized water, stirring for 20min at a stirring speed of 500r/min, adding wormwood extractant accounting for 30% of the total weight of the montmorillonite, and continuing to rotate at a rotation speed of 200r/min for 50min to obtain a sterilization material;
step two: feeding the sterilization material into a steam box, and arranging the bacteria sticks outside the steam box, wherein the steam box is provided with steam holes;
step three: firstly, controlling the temperature in a steam box to be 130 ℃, the steam flow to be 2L/min and the steam pressure to be 3 Mpa;
step four: and (4) carrying out variable speed adjustment treatment on the steam flow, finally stabilizing at 1L/min, and continuing to treat for 20 min.
The modification method of the wormwood modified montmorillonite comprises the following steps:
s1: calcining montmorillonite:
(1) the montmorillonite is acidified by hydrochloric acid, washed by boiling water for 3 times, calcined at 200 ℃ for 20min, heated to 400 ℃ and continuously calcined for 10 min;
(2) then stirring the mixture in deionized water at a high rotating speed of 500r/min for 20min, and performing ultrasonic treatment for 20min after stirring to obtain montmorillonite liquid;
s2: preparing modified montmorillonite:
and (3) conveying the montmorillonite liquid into a centrifuge for centrifuging, washing and drying, and then conveying into a proton irradiation box for irradiating, wherein the irradiation power is 500W, and the irradiation time is 20min, so as to obtain the modified montmorillonite.
The power of the wormwood ultrasonic treatment is 175W.
The preparation method of the wormwood and wormwood extracting agent comprises the following steps:
s1: firstly, taking wormwood, and then treating in an oven at the temperature of 50-70 ℃ for 30min until the water content is 20%;
s2: parching at 120 deg.C for 20min, heating to 150 deg.C, and parching for 35 min;
s3: then water extraction treatment is carried out;
s4: and finally, performing concentration treatment, adding shell powder in the concentration, and decocting for 20min by adopting small fire at the temperature of 80-90 ℃ to obtain the wormwood extraction agent.
The temperature of the water extraction treatment in this example was 130 ℃ and the extraction time was 2 hours.
The method for activating the shell powder in the embodiment comprises the following steps:
placing the shell powder at 400 ℃ for reacting for 20min, then reducing the temperature to 230 ℃, and continuing to preserve heat for 30 min;
then cooling to 170 ℃, ultrasonically dispersing in water, finally washing and drying to obtain the activated shell powder.
The dispersing power of this example is 300W, and the ultrasonic time is 30 min.
In the variable speed adjustment process of this embodiment, the steam flow rate is increased to 3.0L/min at a rate of 0.2L/min, and the flow rate maintaining process is performed for 5 min.
Example 3.
The high-pressure steam sterilization method for the mushroom sticks for mushroom planting in the greenhouse comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: preparing a sterilizing material: adding the modified montmorillonite into deionized water, stirring for 15min at a stirring speed of 300r/min, adding wormwood extraction agent accounting for 20% of the total weight of the montmorillonite, and continuing to rotate at a rotation speed of 150r/min for 45min to obtain a sterilization material;
step two: feeding the sterilization material into a steam box, and arranging the bacteria sticks outside the steam box, wherein the steam box is provided with steam holes;
step three: firstly, controlling the temperature in a steam box to be 120 ℃, the steam flow to be 1.5L/min and the steam pressure to be 2 Mpa;
step four: and (4) carrying out variable speed adjustment treatment on the steam flow, finally, stabilizing at 0.75L/min, and continuing to treat for 15 min.
The modification method of the wormwood modified montmorillonite comprises the following steps:
s1: calcining montmorillonite:
(1) acidifying montmorillonite in hydrochloric acid, washing with boiling water for 2 times, calcining at 150 deg.C for 15min, heating to 350 deg.C, and calcining for 7.5 min;
(2) then stirring the mixture in deionized water at a high rotating speed of 300r/min for 15min, and carrying out ultrasonic treatment for 15min after stirring to obtain montmorillonite liquid;
s2: preparing modified montmorillonite:
and (3) conveying the montmorillonite liquid into a centrifuge for centrifuging, washing and drying, and then conveying into a proton irradiation box for irradiating, wherein the irradiation power is 300W, and the irradiation time is 15min, so as to obtain the modified montmorillonite.
The power of the sonication was 170W.
The preparation method of the wormwood and wormwood extracting agent comprises the following steps:
s1: firstly, taking wormwood, and then treating in an oven at the temperature of 50-70 ℃ for 25min until the water content is 15%;
s2: parching at 150 deg.C for 15min, heating to 140 deg.C, and parching for 30 min;
s3: then water extraction treatment is carried out;
s4: and finally, performing concentration treatment, adding shell powder in the concentration, and decocting for 15min by adopting small fire at 85 ℃ to obtain the wormwood extraction agent.
The temperature of the water extraction treatment in this example was 125 ℃ and the extraction time was 1.5 h.
The method for activating the shell powder in the embodiment comprises the following steps:
placing shell powder at 375 ℃ for reacting for 15min, then reducing the temperature to 215 ℃, and continuing to preserve heat for 25 min;
then cooling to 165 ℃, ultrasonically dispersing in water, finally washing and drying to obtain the activated shell powder.
The dispersing power of the present embodiment is 200W, and the ultrasonic time is 25 min.
In the variable speed adjustment process of this embodiment, the steam flow rate is increased to 3.0L/min at a rate of 0.15L/min, and the flow rate maintaining process is performed for 3 min.
It will be evident to those skilled in the art that the invention is not limited to the details of the foregoing illustrative embodiments, and that the present invention may be embodied in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential attributes thereof. The present embodiments are therefore to be considered in all respects as illustrative and not restrictive, the scope of the invention being indicated by the appended claims rather than by the foregoing description, and all changes which come within the meaning and range of equivalency of the claims are therefore intended to be embraced therein.
Furthermore, it should be understood that although the present description refers to embodiments, not every embodiment may contain only a single embodiment, and such description is for clarity only, and those skilled in the art should integrate the description, and the embodiments may be combined as appropriate to form other embodiments understood by those skilled in the art.
Claims (10)
1. The high-pressure steam sterilization method for mushroom sticks for mushroom planting in the greenhouse is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
the method comprises the following steps: preparing a sterilizing material: adding the modified montmorillonite into deionized water, stirring for 10-20min at the stirring speed of 100-;
step two: feeding the sterilization material into a steam box, and arranging the bacteria sticks outside the steam box, wherein the steam box is provided with steam holes;
step three: firstly, controlling the temperature in a steam box at 110-;
step four: and (3) carrying out variable speed adjustment treatment on the steam flow, finally stabilizing at 0.5-1L/min, and continuing to treat for 10-20 min.
2. The high-pressure steam sterilization method for the mushroom sticks planted in the greenhouse as claimed in claim 1, wherein the modification method of the modified montmorillonite is as follows:
s1: calcining montmorillonite:
(1) delivering the montmorillonite into hydrochloric acid for acidification, washing for 1-3 times by using boiling water, calcining for 10-20min at the temperature of 100-;
(2) then stirring the mixture in deionized water at a high rotating speed of 100-;
s2: preparing modified montmorillonite:
and (3) conveying the montmorillonite liquid into a centrifuge for centrifuging, washing and drying, and then conveying into a proton irradiation box for irradiating, wherein the irradiation power is 100-500W, and the irradiation time is 10-20min, so as to obtain the modified montmorillonite.
3. The autoclaving method for the mushroom cultivation stick in greenhouse as claimed in claim 2, wherein the power of the ultrasonic treatment is 165-.
4. The autoclaving method for the mushroom growing sticks in the greenhouse as set forth in claim 3, wherein the power of the ultrasonic treatment is 170W.
5. The high-pressure steam sterilization method for the mushroom sticks planted in the greenhouse as claimed in claim 1, wherein the preparation method of the wormwood extraction agent comprises the following steps:
s1: firstly, taking wormwood, and then treating in an oven at the temperature of 50-70 ℃ for 20-30min until the water content is 10-20%;
s2: then baking and frying for 10-20min at the temperature of 100-;
s3: then water extraction treatment is carried out;
s4: and finally, performing concentration treatment, adding shell powder in the concentration, and decocting for 10-20min by adopting small fire at 80-90 ℃ to obtain the wormwood extraction agent.
6. The autoclaving method for the mushroom cultivation stick in greenhouse as claimed in claim 5, wherein the temperature of the water extraction treatment is 120 ℃ and the extraction time is 1-2 h.
7. The autoclaving method for mushroom growing sticks in greenhouse as set forth in claim 6, wherein the temperature of the water extraction is 125 ℃ and the extraction time is 1.5 h.
8. The high-pressure steam sterilization method for the mushroom sticks planted in the greenhouse as claimed in claim 5, wherein the activation method of the shell powder comprises the following steps:
the shell powder is placed at the temperature of 350-400 ℃ for reaction for 10-20min, then the temperature is reduced to 230 ℃ at the temperature of 200-30 ℃, and the heat preservation is continued for 20-30 min;
then cooling to 160-170 ℃, ultrasonically dispersing in water, finally washing and drying to obtain the activated shell powder.
9. The autoclaving method for the mushroom cultivation stick in the greenhouse as claimed in claim 8, wherein the dispersion power is 100-.
10. The autoclaving method for mushroom sticks planted in greenhouse as set forth in claim 1, wherein in said variable speed adjustment process, the steam flow is increased to 3.0L/min at a rate of 0.1-0.2L/min, and the flow is maintained for 1-5 min.
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| CN110438579A (en) * | 2019-08-14 | 2019-11-12 | 蚌埠星烁新材料科技有限公司 | A kind of preparation method of high-strength anti-flaming plastic woven cloth |
| CN112449996A (en) * | 2020-12-20 | 2021-03-09 | 竹溪县隆源大鲵生物开发有限公司 | High-pressure steam sterilization method for mushroom sticks for mushroom planting in greenhouse |
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2021
- 2021-10-28 CN CN202111262190.0A patent/CN113875501A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN101352674A (en) * | 2008-03-03 | 2009-01-28 | 广东海洋大学 | Nano titanic oxide impregnation preparation method using shell powder as carrier |
| CN103461382A (en) * | 2013-08-08 | 2013-12-25 | 广东药学院 | Silver-loading modified montmorillonite antibacterial agent, preparation method and application thereof |
| CN106278769A (en) * | 2016-08-31 | 2017-01-04 | 恒茂实业集团有限公司 | A kind of aquaculture nutrition slow-release agent and preparation method thereof |
| CN108739066A (en) * | 2018-05-09 | 2018-11-06 | 山西农业大学 | A kind of lentinus edodes strain stick high pressure steam sterilization method |
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