CN113872416A - DVFS power supply system and DVFS power supply control method - Google Patents

DVFS power supply system and DVFS power supply control method Download PDF

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Publication number
CN113872416A
CN113872416A CN202010536916.4A CN202010536916A CN113872416A CN 113872416 A CN113872416 A CN 113872416A CN 202010536916 A CN202010536916 A CN 202010536916A CN 113872416 A CN113872416 A CN 113872416A
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Prior art keywords
voltage
power supply
switching power
load module
mode
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CN202010536916.4A
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
陈剑华
周孟特
范茂斌
夏晓菲
王利强
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Huawei Technologies Co Ltd
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Huawei Technologies Co Ltd
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Priority to CN202010536916.4A priority Critical patent/CN113872416A/en
Priority to PCT/CN2021/098069 priority patent/WO2021249271A1/en
Publication of CN113872416A publication Critical patent/CN113872416A/en
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M1/00—Details of apparatus for conversion
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
    • G06F1/00—Details not covered by groups G06F3/00 - G06F13/00 and G06F21/00
    • G06F1/26—Power supply means, e.g. regulation thereof
    • G06F1/32—Means for saving power
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M3/00—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output
    • H02M3/02—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac
    • H02M3/04—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters
    • H02M3/10—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode
    • H02M3/145—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
    • H02M3/155—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M3/00—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output
    • H02M3/02—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac
    • H02M3/04—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters
    • H02M3/10—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode
    • H02M3/145—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
    • H02M3/155—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only
    • H02M3/156—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only with automatic control of output voltage or current, e.g. switching regulators
    • H02M3/158—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only with automatic control of output voltage or current, e.g. switching regulators including plural semiconductor devices as final control devices for a single load

Abstract

A DVFS power supply system is disclosed, which can be applied to the field of integrated circuit control. The system comprises: a chip, a PMU and a load module; wherein, the PMU comprises a controller and a switching power supply; the chip is used for sending a voltage regulating instruction to the controller, and the voltage regulating instruction corresponds to the first voltage; if the first voltage corresponding to the voltage regulating instruction is greater than or less than the threshold voltage, the controller is configured to change the state of the switching power supply, so that the switching power supply is switched from the first mode to the second mode, and the range of the output current of the switching power supply to the load module is changed. The voltage feedback of the comparator to the load module is not required to be waited, so that the dynamic response time can be reduced.

Description

DVFS power supply system and DVFS power supply control method
Technical Field
The present disclosure relates to the field of integrated circuit control, and in particular, to a Dynamic Voltage and Frequency Scaling (DVFS) power supply system and a DVFS power supply control method.
Background
The higher the frequency of operation, the higher the voltage required for the same chip. The DVFS dynamically adjusts the running frequency and voltage of the chip according to different requirements of the application program run by the chip on computing capacity, thereby achieving the purpose of energy conservation.
In a power supply system using DVFS, the frequency of the chip corresponds to the voltage. When the chip runs at a certain frequency, the current of the chip changes due to the power change of the chip, and the voltage on the chip jumps. The voltage change of the chip can be measured by a comparator in a Power Management Unit (PMU) to obtain the voltage change rate. When the voltage change rate reaches a certain value, the PMU changes the output mode of the chip so as to make the jump voltage return to the original voltage. For example, when the chip is loaded from light load to heavy load, the PMU needs to switch from discontinuous mode (DCM) to continuous mode (CCM). From the moment the chip enters a reload, there is a delay, i.e., dynamic response time, to the moment the PMU switches to CCM.
In the dynamic response time, if the voltage after jumping deviates too much from the original voltage, or the dynamic response time is too long, the power supply of the power supply system is abnormal. Therefore, how to reduce the dynamic response time becomes a relatively troublesome problem in the industry.
Disclosure of Invention
The application provides a DVFS power supply system and a DVFS power supply control method, which can reduce dynamic response time.
A first aspect of the present application provides a DVFS power supply system.
The DVFS power supply system includes: a chip, a PMU and a load module. The load module may be a chip, or a part of functional modules in the chip, such as a Central Processing Unit (CPU), a Graphics Processing Unit (GPU), or other loads not belonging to the chip. The PMU includes a controller and a switching power supply. The switching power supply can be a BUCK circuit, a BOOST circuit, a BUCK-BOOST circuit. The chip determines whether voltage adjustment is required according to the requirement on computing power. If the voltage needs to be adjusted, the chip is used for sending a voltage adjusting instruction to the controller, and the voltage adjusting instruction corresponds to the first voltage. The voltage regulating instruction corresponds to the first voltage, namely the voltage regulating instruction comprises the first voltage or comprises an identifier corresponding to the first voltage. If the first voltage corresponding to the voltage regulating instruction is greater than or less than the threshold voltage, the controller is configured to change the state of the switching power supply, so that the switching power supply is switched from the first mode to the second mode, and the range of the output current of the switching power supply to the load module is changed. Specifically, the controller is used for controlling the on and off of some electronic components in the switching power supply to change the state of the switching power supply.
And under the condition that the first voltage corresponding to the voltage regulating instruction is greater than or less than the threshold voltage, the controller changes the output mode of the load module. The voltage feedback of the comparator to the load module is not required to wait, so that the dynamic response time can be reduced.
Based on the first aspect of the present application, in a first implementation manner of the first aspect of the present application, the first mode is DCM, and the second mode is CCM. The output current of the PMU to the load module in CCM is larger than that in DCM. The controller is specifically configured to change the state of the switching power supply if the first voltage corresponding to the voltage regulation command is greater than the threshold voltage, so that the switching power supply is switched from DCM to CCM. After the load module enters a heavy load, the output voltage of the load module can be dropped by the PMU. If the output voltage after the drop cannot meet the requirement, the load module may be reset and restarted, and user experience is reduced. And the voltage regulating instruction sent by the chip is before the load module enters the heavy load. Therefore, the DCM is converted into the CCM by the first voltage corresponding to the voltage regulating instruction being larger than the threshold voltage, the phenomenon that the load module is reset and restarted can be reduced, and user experience is improved.
In a second implementation manner of the first aspect of the present application, based on the first aspect of the present application or the first implementation manner of the first aspect of the present application, the switching power supply may output voltage values of a plurality of gear positions to the load module, where the plurality of voltage values includes V1，V2… …, Vn, the plurality of voltage values are arranged from small to large, n being an integer greater than 1. At a certain voltage level, the current of the load module changes according to the power change of the load module, i.e. oneThe voltage values correspond to one current range, and the plurality of voltage values correspond to a plurality of current ranges. A plurality of current ranges including A1，A2… …, An. The threshold voltage is equal to the voltage Vx corresponding to the current range Ax, and x is an integer greater than or equal to 1 and less than or equal to n. The current range of the current range Ax is H milliampere to J milliampere, and when the output voltage of the switching power supply to the load module is Vx, the output current of the switching power supply to the load module changes from H milliampere to J milliampere due to the power change of the load module, and the output voltage of the switching power supply to the load module changes into Vc. H may be greater than J or less than J, that is, when the power of the load module increases, the small current of the load module jumps to the large current, and when the power of the load module decreases, the large current of the load module jumps to the small current.
The first voltage change rate is greater than or equal to a first value, wherein the first voltage change rate
Figure BDA0002537319660000021
When the output voltage of the switching power supply to the load module is Vx-1In the process, the power change of the load module causes the output current of the load module to change from K milliampere to L milliampere, and the output voltage of the switching power supply to the load module changes into Vc-1Voltage V ofx-1And current range Ax-1Corresponding to the current range Ax-1The current range of (a) is K milliamp to L milliamp, and the second voltage change rate is less than the first value. Wherein the second rate of voltage change
Figure BDA0002537319660000022
To improve the dynamic response time, the capacitance of the load module may be increased. When light load enters heavy load, the voltage drops instantly, the output voltage of the switch power supply to the load module is insufficient, and the energy of the capacitor on the load module is insufficient at the moment
Figure BDA0002537319660000023
A portion is released to supply the load module to maintain the voltage of the load module stable. Through research on terminal modelAt present, more than 90% of power consumption of daily use of the terminal is concentrated on medium and light loads. Under the condition of medium and light load, the sudden change of the load voltage is not large, and the voltage stability of the load module can be maintained by using a small capacitor. Under the condition of heavy load, the sudden change of the load voltage is large, and a large capacitor is needed to maintain the voltage stability of the load module. In the present application, it is first determined at which voltages the transient large voltage change occurs, i.e. the first voltage change rate P1 is greater than or equal to the first value. And the minimum voltage of the voltages is taken as a threshold value, namely the second voltage change rate is smaller than a first value, and the threshold voltage is equal to the voltage Vx. And when the first voltage corresponding to the voltage regulating instruction is greater than or equal to the threshold voltage, changing the state of the switching power supply so that the switching power supply is switched from the first mode to the second mode. And under the condition that the first voltage corresponding to the voltage regulating instruction is greater than the threshold voltage, the controller does not change the mode of the switching power supply according to the deviation degree of the hopped voltage and the original voltage. And when the first voltage corresponding to the voltage regulating instruction is greater than the threshold voltage, the load module is considered to be under the heavy load. Therefore, under the condition of heavy load, the voltage of the load module is kept stable without using a capacitor, and the purpose of simplifying the negative capacitor is achieved.
In a third implementation form of the first aspect of the present application, based on the first aspect of the present application or any one of the first to second implementation forms of the first aspect, the system further includes a comparator. If the first voltage corresponding to the voltage regulating instruction is less than the threshold voltage, the controller is used for determining whether the third voltage change rate is greater than a second value or not, and the third voltage change rate
Figure BDA0002537319660000024
Wherein, VaIs a first voltage, VbThe second voltage is obtained from the load module according to the comparator. If the third voltage change rate is greater than the second value, the controller is further configured to change the state of the switching power supply to switch the switching power supply from the second mode to the first mode. Wherein, under the condition that the first voltage corresponding to the voltage regulating instruction is less than the threshold voltage, the controller can switch modes according to the voltage change rate, because the voltage is light and mediumUnder the load condition, the sudden change of the load voltage is not large, and the voltage of the load module can be kept stable by using a small capacitor. And when the first voltage corresponding to the voltage regulating instruction is smaller than the threshold voltage, the load module is considered to be under the medium and light load. Therefore, part of small capacitance can be reserved, and the flexible mode conversion requirement on the load module is met under medium and light loads.
In a fourth implementation form of the first aspect of the present application, based on the first aspect of the present application or any one of the first to third implementation forms of the first aspect, the system further comprises a comparator. The controller is also used for changing the state of the switching power supply so that the output voltage of the switching power supply to the load module reaches a first voltage. The comparator is used to determine whether the voltage of the load module reaches a first voltage. If yes, the comparator is further used for sending the first information to the controller. The first information may comprise a voltage value or a comparison of a voltage value and the first voltage. The controller is also configured to receive the first information. After receiving the first information, the controller is specifically configured to, after receiving the first information, if the first voltage corresponding to the voltage regulation instruction is greater than or less than the threshold voltage, change the state of the switching power supply, so that the switching power supply is switched from the first mode to the second mode. When the controller changes the state of the switching power supply, the voltage of the load module is increased or decreased to the first voltage for a period of time, and in the period of time, the chip can wait for the controller to finish voltage regulation without changing the operating frequency. Since the current in CCM is larger than that in DCM, the charge consumption is larger. Therefore, by performing the mode switching after the voltage of the load module reaches the first voltage, the power can be saved in the case of converting DCM to CCM.
Based on the first aspect of the present application or any one implementation manner of the first to third implementation manners of the first aspect, in a fourth implementation manner of the first aspect of the present application, the chip is further configured to determine whether the first voltage corresponding to the voltage regulating instruction is greater than or less than a threshold voltage. If yes, the chip is also used for sending a mode conversion instruction to the controller. The controller is specifically configured to change a state of the switching power supply according to the mode switching instruction, so that the switching power supply is switched from the first mode to the second mode. The comparison between the first voltage and the threshold voltage is completed in the chip, and other electronic devices or circuits do not need to be added, so that the cost is saved.
A second aspect of the present application provides a DVFS power supply control method.
The PMU receives a voltage regulating instruction sent by the chip, and the voltage regulating instruction corresponds to the first voltage. The voltage regulating instruction corresponds to the first voltage, namely the voltage regulating instruction comprises the first voltage or comprises an identifier corresponding to the first voltage.
If the first voltage corresponding to the voltage regulating instruction is larger than or smaller than the threshold voltage, the PMU changes the state of the switching power supply so that the switching power supply is switched from the first mode to the second mode, and the range of the output current of the switching power supply to the load module is changed. The load module may be a chip, or a part of functional modules in the chip, such as a CPU, a GPU, or other loads not belonging to the chip. Specifically, the PMU controls on and off of some electronic components in the switching power supply to change the state of the switching power supply.
And under the condition that the first voltage corresponding to the voltage regulating instruction is greater than or less than the threshold voltage, the PMU changes the output mode of the load module. The voltage feedback of the comparator to the load module is not required to wait, so that the dynamic response time can be reduced.
In a first embodiment of the second aspect of the present application, the first mode is DCM and the second mode is CCM. If the first voltage corresponding to the voltage regulating instruction is larger than the threshold voltage, the PMU changes the state of the switching power supply so that the switching power supply is converted from DCM to CCM.
In a second implementation manner of the second aspect, the switching power supply may output a plurality of voltage values to the load module, where the plurality of voltage values includes V1，V2… …, Vn, the plurality of voltage values are arranged from small to large, n being an integer greater than 1. The plurality of voltage values correspond to a plurality of current ranges according to power variations of the load module. Multiple electricityThe flow range includes A1，A2… …, An. The threshold voltage is equal to Vx corresponding to Ax, and x is an integer greater than or equal to 1 and less than or equal to n. The current range of Ax is H milliampere to J milliampere. When the output voltage of the switching power supply to the load module is Vx, the output current of the load module changes from H milliampere to J milliampere due to the power change of the load module, and the output voltage of the switching power supply to the load module changes into Vc. H may be greater than J or less than J, that is, when the power of the load module increases, the small current of the load module jumps to the large current, and when the power of the load module decreases, the large current of the load module jumps to the small current. The first voltage rate of change is greater than or equal to a first value. Wherein the content of the first and second substances,
Figure BDA0002537319660000041
when the output voltage of the switching power supply to the load module is Vx-1When the power of the load module changes, the output current of the load module changes from K milliampere to L milliampere, and the output voltage of the switching power supply to the load module changes into Vc-1。Vx-1And Ax-1Corresponds to, Ax-1The current range of (a) is K milliamperes to L milliamperes, and the second voltage change rate is less than the first value. Wherein the content of the first and second substances,
Figure BDA0002537319660000042
based on the second aspect of the present application or any one of the first to second implementation manners of the second aspect, in a third implementation manner of the second aspect of the present application, if the first voltage corresponding to the voltage regulation command is smaller than the threshold voltage, the PMU is configured to determine whether the third voltage change rate is larger than the second value.
Figure BDA0002537319660000043
Wherein, VaIs a first voltage, VbThe second voltage is obtained from the load module according to the comparator. If the third voltage change rate is greater than the second value, the PMU is further configured to change the state of the switching power supply to cause the switching power supply to transition from the second modeIn the first mode.
Based on the second aspect of the present application, or any one of the first to third embodiments of the second aspect, in a fourth embodiment of the second aspect of the present application, the PMU changes the state of the switching power supply according to the voltage regulation instruction, so that the output voltage of the switching power supply to the load module reaches the first voltage. The PMU receives first information sent by the comparator, and the first information is obtained by the comparator determining that the voltage of the load module reaches the first voltage. After the PMU receives the first information, if the first voltage corresponding to the voltage regulating instruction is greater than or less than the threshold voltage, the state of the switching power supply is changed, so that the switching power supply is switched from the first mode to the second mode.
Based on the second aspect of the present application or any one of the first to fourth embodiments of the second aspect, in a fifth embodiment of the second aspect of the present application, the PMU receives a mode switching instruction, where the mode switching instruction is obtained by the chip according to whether the first voltage corresponding to the voltage regulating instruction is greater than or less than the threshold voltage. After receiving the mode conversion instruction, the PMU changes the state of the switching power supply according to the mode conversion instruction, so that the switching power supply is converted from the first mode to the second mode.
With regard to the description of the advantageous effects of the second aspect of the present application, reference may be made to the description of the advantageous effects of the DVFS power supply system of the foregoing first aspect.
A third aspect of the present application provides a DVFS power supply control method.
The chip sends a voltage regulating instruction to the PMU, so that the PMU changes the state of the switching power supply according to the voltage regulating instruction, the output voltage of the switching power supply to the load module reaches a first voltage, and the voltage regulating instruction corresponds to the first voltage;
and if the first voltage corresponding to the voltage regulating instruction is greater than or less than the threshold voltage, the chip generates a mode conversion instruction.
The chip sends a mode conversion instruction to the PMU, so that the PMU changes the state of the switching power supply according to the mode conversion instruction, the switching power supply is converted from the first mode to the second mode, and the range of the output current of the switching power supply to the load module is changed.
In a first embodiment of the third aspect of the present application, the first mode is DCM and the second mode is CCM. And if the first voltage corresponding to the voltage regulating instruction is greater than the threshold voltage, the chip generates a mode conversion instruction. The chip sends a mode conversion instruction to the PMU, so that the PMU changes the state of the switching power supply according to the mode conversion instruction, the switching power supply is converted from DCM to CCM, and the range of the output current of the switching power supply to the load module is changed.
A fourth aspect of the present application provides a terminal, where the terminal includes the DVFS power supply system described in the foregoing first aspect, or any one of the implementation manners of the first aspect.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a DVFS power supply system of a terminal;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a BUCK circuit;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of waveforms of the BUCK circuit in CCM;
FIG. 4 is a waveform diagram illustrating the BUCK circuit operating in DCM;
fig. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a DVFS power supply system in an embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 6 is a graph showing the change of DCM to CCM;
FIG. 7 is a graph illustrating the variation of voltage regulation in CCM;
FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of a curve variation of simultaneous voltage regulation and mode regulation;
FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram of power consumption of a terminal at different currents;
fig. 10 is a schematic flowchart of a DVFS power control method according to an embodiment of the present application;
fig. 11 is a schematic structural diagram of a terminal in an embodiment of the present application.
Detailed Description
The embodiment of the application provides a DVFS power supply system and a DVFS power supply control method, which are applied to the field of integrated circuit control and can reduce dynamic response time.
For the convenience of understanding the technical solutions in the present application, the related background art in the technical solutions is described below.
At present, because a chip of a terminal has strict requirements on the service life and power consumption of a power supply battery, the working frequency and the working voltage of the chip need to be dynamically adjusted according to the real-time load requirement of the chip by using a DVFS technology, so that the purpose of effectively reducing the power consumption of the chip is achieved. Referring to fig. 1, fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a DVFS power supply system of a terminal. The DVFS power system includes a chip 101, a PMU102, a load module 106, and a capacitor 107. PMU102 includes controller 103, switching power supply 104, and comparator 105. The load module 106 may be the chip 101, or a part of functional modules in the chip 101, such as a CPU, a GPU, or other loads not belonging to the chip 101. When the load module 106 is the chip 101, the system flow of the DVFS is as follows: chip 101 collects signals related to chip 101. Based on the relevant signals, chip 101 predicts the performance required of chip 101 in the next time period. The chip 101 converts the predicted performance to a desired frequency, thereby adjusting the clock setting of the chip 101, changing the operating frequency of the chip 101, and calculating a corresponding voltage according to the new operating frequency. Chip 101 informs PMU102 of the voltage required by chip 101. PMU102 controls the state of switching power supply 104 to regulate the output voltage to chip 101.
The PMU102 is a highly integrated power management solution for portable applications, i.e., several types of traditionally discrete power management devices are integrated into a single package, which may allow for higher power conversion efficiency and lower power consumption, as well as a lower component count to accommodate the reduced board-level space. In this application, PMU102 is a relatively broad concept, i.e., there is no need for a very explicit definition of whether PMU102 includes some circuit or structure. For example, in fig. 1, comparator 105 or controller 103 may be considered as a structure that is not included in PMU 102.
The switching power supply 104 may be a BUCK circuit (also referred to as a BUCK circuit), a BOOST circuit (also referred to as a BOOST circuit), or a BUCK-BOOST circuit (also referred to as a BUCK-BOOST circuit). FIG. 2 is a structure of the BUCK circuit, as shown in FIG. 2Schematic representation. The BUCK circuit includes a switch 201, a switch 202, an inductor 203, a capacitor 204, and a load L205. The inductor 203 and the capacitor 204 constitute a low-pass filter. The load L205 may be understood as the aforementioned load module 106. The switches 201 and 202 may be high frequency switching tubes, and the switches 202 may also be diodes. The on and off states of the switches 201 and 202 are opposite to each other. By turning on or off the switch 201, the current of the inductor 203 changes in magnitude and direction. When the switching power supply is a BUCK circuit, the voltage U on the load LLIs less than the input voltage Vin of the switching power supply. When the switching power supply is a BOOST circuit, the voltage U on the load LLGreater than the input voltage Vin of the switching power supply. The voltage input of the switching power supply 104 is connected to the battery of the terminal.
The switching power supply has different operation modes including CCM, DCM and boundary line conduction mode (BCM). The following is a description of the different modes.
CCM, inductor 203 never goes to 0 during a switching cycle. Or the inductor 203 is never "reset", meaning that the flux of the inductor 203 never returns to 0 during a switching cycle, and when the switch 202 is closed, current flows through the coil of the inductor 203. One switching cycle includes an on period and an off period of the switch 201. Referring to fig. 3, fig. 3 is a waveform diagram illustrating the BUCK circuit operating in CCM. Curve 301 is a timing diagram of the turning on and off of switch 201. Curve 302 is a timing diagram of the turn-on and turn-off of switch 202. As can be seen from fig. 3, the on and off states of the switch 201 and the switch 202 are opposite to each other, and when the switch 201 is on, the switch 202 is off, and when the switch 201 is off, the switch 202 is on. Curve 303 is the voltage U across the load LL. Curve 304 is the current I on the load LL. Since the current of the inductor 203 never returns to 0 during one switching cycle, the current ILIt will not return to 0, i.e. a is not equal to 0. Curve 305 is the current I on the switch 201S1. When the switch 202 is closed, a current also flows in the coil of the inductor 203, and therefore, when the switch 201 is turned on, the current I flowsS1Is not 0.
DCM, the current of inductor 203 during the switching periodIt will return to 0, meaning that the inductor 203 is properly "reset", i.e. the current of the inductor 203 is zero when the switch 202 is closed. Referring to FIG. 4, FIG. 4 is a waveform diagram illustrating the BUCK circuit operating in DCM. Curve 401 is a timing diagram of the turning on and off of switch 201. Curve 402 is a timing diagram of the turning on and off of switch 202. As can be seen from the figure, the on and off states of the switch 201 and the switch 202 are opposite. Curve 403 is the voltage U across the load LL. Curve 404 is the current I on the load LL. Since the current of the inductor 203 will always return to 0 during one switching cycle, the current ILIt will also return to 0, i.e. B equals 0. Curve 405 is the current I on switch 201S1. When the switch 202 is closed, the current in the coil of the inductor 203 is 0, so when the switch 201 is on, the current I isS1Also 0. From curve 403, it can be seen that the current of inductor 203 drops to 0, causing switch 202 to turn off. If this occurs, the left end of the inductor 203 is open. Theoretically, the voltage at the left end of the inductor 203 should return to 0, i.e. the voltage ULShould return to 0 because inductor 203 no longer has current and no oscillation occurs. But due to the presence of a lot of parasitic capacitances around, such as those of the switch 201 and the switch 202, an oscillation loop is formed.
Boundary or Borderline Conduction Mode (BCM): the controller monitors the current in the inductor 203 and as soon as the current is detected to be equal to 0, the switch 201 is closed. The controller always activates the switch 201 by a current reset signal of the inductor 203. If the inductor current is high and the cutoff ramp is fairly flat, the switching period is extended and therefore the BCM variator is a variable frequency system. The BCM converter may also be referred to as critical conduction mode (CRM).
The CCM is suitable for heavy-load scenes and the DCM is suitable for medium-light-load scenes. Different working modes are suitable for different working scenes, so that in a circuit simultaneously comprising different scenes, different modes need to be switched according to different scenes. Mode switching will be described below with reference to fig. 1, taking DCM switching CCM as an example. When the load module 106 is the chip 101, the chip 101 operates at a certain frequency, and the switching power supply 104 operates in DCM. Due to power variations of the chip 101, for example, the CPU utilization of the chip 101 changes from 2% to 90%, which causes the current of the chip 101 to change, resulting in the voltage on the chip 101 changing from 1.0V to 0.97V. The voltage change of the chip 101 can be measured by the comparator 105 in the PMU102, and the voltage change rate is 3%. When the voltage change rate 3% reaches a certain value, PMU102 changes the output mode of switching power supply 104 to chip 101 by changing the state of switching power supply 104, and switches from DCN to CCM. There is a delay, i.e., a dynamic response time, from the time the CPU usage of chip 101 changes from 2% to 90% to the time PMU102 switches to CCM. The dynamic response time is an important index in the design of a power supply system, and represents the time required by a power supply to recover the output voltage of a load module to be within a set range when the current of the load module is suddenly changed.
When the power of the chip 101 jumps greatly, the current passing through the chip 101 jumps greatly, which causes the output voltage of the switching power supply 104 to the chip 101 to deviate from the target setting value instantaneously. If the voltage deviation is too large, or the deviation time is too long (i.e. the dynamic response time is too long), the power supply system is abnormally powered. How to ensure the current of the chip 101 jumps greatly, but the fluctuation of the output voltage of the switching power supply 104 to the chip 101 is within an acceptable range, which is a relatively troublesome problem in the industry.
By adding the capacitor 107 to the load side, the degree of voltage deviation can be reduced. When the CPU utilization of the chip 101 changes from 2% to 90%, the output capability of the switching power supply 104 is insufficient, the voltage drops instantaneously, the controller 103 does not receive the feedback voltage of the comparator 105, and the output mode is not adjusted. At this time, a part of the energy on the capacitor 107 is released to supply the load increment of the chip 101, so as to maintain the voltage stability. According to the formula of capacitance energy
Figure BDA0002537319660000071
Therefore, the energy of the capacitor can be increased by increasing or increasing the capacitance, and more energy can be provided to maintain the voltage stability at the moment of voltage drop. The dynamic response time is not reduced by adding the capacitor, the energy on the capacitor is used for compensating the dropped voltage, andwith the corresponding drawback that more or larger capacitors lead to increased PCB board area and increased cost.
To reduce dynamic response time, the present application provides a DVFS power supply system. When the chip determines that the output voltage of the load module needs to be adjusted according to the power change of the load module, whether the output mode of the switching power supply is adjusted or not can be determined, so that the dynamic response time is reduced or even eliminated. For example, the output voltage of the switching power supply to the chip needs to be adjusted from 0.8V to 1.0V according to the change of the operating frequency of the chip. In case that 1.0V is determined, it can be determined whether to adjust the output mode of the switching power supply. Compared with the situation that the output voltage of the switching power supply to the chip is adjusted to 1.0V, whether the output mode of the switching power supply is adjusted or not is determined according to the voltage change rate, the DVFS power supply system has an obvious effect of reducing the dynamic response time. The DVFS power supply system of the present application will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. For convenience of explanation, the load module is taken as a chip, the switching power supply is a BUCK circuit, and the switching power supply is switched from DCM to CCM.
Referring to fig. 5, fig. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a DVFS power supply system according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
The DVFS power system includes a chip 501, a PMU, a capacitor 507, and a load module 508. The PMU includes a controller 502 and a switching power supply. The switching power supply comprises a switch 503, a switch 504, an inductor 505 and a capacitor 506. Optionally, the PMU may also include a comparator 509.
The chip 501 is used for determining whether the operation frequency needs to be adjusted according to the computing capacity. For example, the chip 501 is used to determine whether the operating frequency needs to be adjusted according to the current CPU utilization. And when the utilization rate of the CPU is greater than the threshold value, increasing the operation frequency on the current operation frequency 1 to obtain an operation frequency 2. Or the chip 501 is used for predicting the data amount to be operated, and determining the corresponding operation frequency 2 according to the data amount to be operated. If the operating frequency 2 is different from the current operating frequency 1, the operating frequency of the adjustment chip 501 is determined.
The operating frequency 2 is an operating frequency to which the chip 501 is to be adjusted, and may be different values, that is, the chip 501 includes operating frequencies of multiple gears, and the operating frequencies of different gears may correspond to different output voltages of the switching power supply to the chip 501. As shown in table one, table one is a mapping table of operating frequency and voltage of the chip 501. If the operating frequency of the chip 501 needs to be adjusted from 2.0GHz to 2.2GHz, because the voltages corresponding to 2.0GHz and 2.2GHz are both 1.5V, the PMU does not need to adjust the output voltage of the switching power supply to the chip 501. If the operating frequency of the chip 501 needs to be adjusted from 2.2GHz to 2.4GHz, the PMU needs to adjust the output voltage of the switching power supply to the chip 501 because the voltage corresponding to 2.2GHz is 1.5V and the voltage corresponding to 2.4GHz is 2.0V.
Frequency of operation Voltage of
2.0GHz 1.5V
2.2GHz 1.5V
2.4GHz 2.0V
2.6GHz 2.5V
Watch 1
If the output voltage of the switching power supply to the chip 501 needs to be adjusted, the chip 501 is configured to send a voltage regulation instruction to the controller 502, where the voltage regulation instruction corresponds to the first voltage. The voltage regulating command corresponds to the first voltage, which means that the voltage regulating command includes the first voltage, for example, 2.0V, or includes a label corresponding to the first voltage, and the content of the label may be predetermined by the chip 501 and the controller 502.
If the first voltage corresponding to the voltage regulating instruction is greater than the threshold voltage, the chip 501 is further configured to generate a mode switching instruction and send the mode switching instruction to the controller 502. In the embodiment of the present application, it is assumed that the threshold voltage is 2.2V. If the operating frequency of the chip 501 needs to be adjusted from 2.2GHz to 2.4 GHz. Because the voltage corresponding to 2.2GHz is 1.5V, and the voltage corresponding to 2.4GHz is 2.0V, the PMU needs to adjust the output voltage of the switching power supply to the chip 501, that is, the first voltage corresponding to the voltage regulation instruction is 2.0V, and 2.0V is less than 2.2V, which does not satisfy the condition that the chip 501 generates the mode switching instruction. If the operating frequency of the chip 501 needs to be adjusted from 2.4GHz to 2.6 GHz. Because the voltage corresponding to 2.4GHz is 2.0V and the voltage corresponding to 2.6GHz is 2.5V, the PMU needs to adjust the output voltage of the switching power supply to the chip 501, that is, the first voltage corresponding to the voltage regulation instruction is 2.5V, and 2.5V is greater than 2.2V, which satisfies the condition that the chip 501 generates the mode switching instruction.
Optionally, as can be seen from table one, a mapping relationship exists between the operating frequency and the voltage of the chip 501. As can be seen from the foregoing description, the chip 501 may generate the mode conversion command by determining whether the first voltage corresponding to the voltage regulation command is greater than the threshold voltage. It can be derived that the chip 501 may generate the mode switching instruction by whether the operating frequency to be adjusted is greater than a threshold frequency. For example, the threshold frequency is set to 2.5 Hz. If the operating frequency of the chip 501 needs to be adjusted from 2.2GHz to 2.4GHz, that is, the operating frequency of the chip 501 needing to be adjusted is 2.4GHz, which is less than the threshold frequency of 2.5Hz, the condition for the chip 501 to generate the mode switching instruction is not satisfied. If the operating frequency of the chip 501 needs to be adjusted from 2.4GHz to 2.6GHz, that is, the operating frequency of the chip 501 needing to be adjusted is 2.6GHz, which is greater than the threshold frequency of 2.5Hz, the condition that the chip 501 generates the mode switching instruction is satisfied.
The threshold voltage in the foregoing is 0.9V, which is a value assumed. In practical applications, the threshold voltage may be determined according to the following method.
The switching power supply may output voltage values of a plurality of steps to the chip 501. The plurality of voltage values include V1，V2，……, Vn, the plurality of voltage values being arranged from small to large, n being an integer greater than 1. Specifically, when the switching power supply operates in CCM, as shown in fig. 3, the switching power supply can adjust the output voltage of the switching power supply 104 by adjusting the duration of D, i.e., the on duration of the switch 503, so as to change the duty ratio of D in T. When the switching power supply 104 operates in DCM, as shown in fig. 4, the switching power supply 104 can adjust the output voltage of the switching power supply 104 by adjusting the duration of T, i.e., one switching cycle of the switch 503, so as to change the duty ratio of D in T. At a certain voltage step, according to the power change of the chip 101, for example, the CPU utilization of the chip 101 changes from 2% to 90%, the current of the chip 101 changes, that is, one voltage value corresponds to one current range, and a plurality of voltage values correspond to a plurality of current ranges. A plurality of current ranges including A1，A2… …, An. As shown in table two, table two is a mapping table of voltage steps and current ranges.
Voltage step Current range
V1：1.0V A1：0.2A～0.5A
V2：1.5V A2：0.2A～0.8A
V3：2.0V A3：0.2A～1.2A
V4：2.5V A4：0.2A～1.5A
Watch two
At each voltage step, by changing the power of the chip 501, the current of the chip 501 is changed, and the voltage of the chip 501 jumps. If the current in the chip 501 is changed from the minimum current to the maximum current, the maximum voltage jump rate can be obtained. For example, when the output voltage of the switching power supply is 1.0V, the CPU utilization of the chip 501 changes from 1% to 100%, the current of the chip 501 changes from 0.2A to 0.5A, and the voltage of the chip 501 changes from 1.0V to 0.99V. In the voltage step 1.0V, the corresponding maximum voltage jump rate can be obtained by 1.0V and 0.99V. In each voltage step, the respective maximum voltage jump rate is obtained, and the mapping relation between the voltage step and the maximum voltage jump rate shown in table three is obtained.
Voltage step Current range Voltage after jump Rate of voltage jump
V1：1.0V A1：0.2A～0.5A 0.99V 1.0％
V2：1.5V A2：0.2A～0.8A 1.48V 1.3％
V3：2.0V A3：0.2A～1.2A 1.95V 2.5％
V4：2.5V A4：0.2A～1.5A 2.42V 3.2％
Watch III
Assume that the first value is 2.0%. The first value is a voltage jump rate threshold, which is typically 2% to 3% in practical applications. If the voltage jump rate in the chip 501 is greater than the voltage jump rate threshold, that is, the difference between the jumped voltage and the original voltage is too large, the system may be abnormal. According to the third table, the voltage level V1And V2The corresponding voltage jump rate is less than a first value, and the voltage is shifted by V3And V4The corresponding voltage ramp rate is greater than the first value. Thus, a voltage step V can be derived3The voltage step V corresponds to the first voltage jump rate P1 being greater than the first value2Determining the threshold voltage as V by the second voltage jump rate P2 being smaller than the first value32.0V。
Alternatively, the maximum voltage jump rate in each voltage step generally increases with increasing voltage step. Therefore, if the controller 502 obtains the maximum voltage jump rate in different gears, it is not necessary to obtain the maximum voltage jump rate in all gears. For example, in table three, the switching power supply may output a voltage of 4 steps. Obtaining voltage step V at controller 5022And V3After the corresponding voltage jump rate, the threshold voltage can be determinedIs a V32.0V, i.e. the controller 502 need not obtain V1And V4The corresponding voltage jump rate, thereby saving processing resources.
Alternatively, before the threshold voltage is not obtained, the controller 502 attempts to obtain the maximum voltage jump rate 1 corresponding to voltage step 1. Voltage step 1 is the voltage step in the middle of all voltage steps, for example voltage step V in table three3. If the maximum voltage jump rate 1 corresponding to the voltage gear 1 is greater than the first value, the controller 502 obtains the maximum voltage jump rate 2 corresponding to the voltage gear 2. Voltage step 2 is a voltage step that is one step smaller than voltage step 1. If the maximum voltage jump rate 1 corresponding to the voltage gear 1 is smaller than a first value, the voltage gear 2 is a voltage gear one gear higher than the voltage gear 1. By the algorithm, the efficiency of obtaining the threshold voltage can be improved under the condition of saving processing resources.
After the controller 502 receives the mode switching instruction, the controller 502 is configured to change the state of the switching power supply, so as to change the output mode of the switching power supply, so as to change the range of the output current of the load module, which is referred to as a modulation mode. Specifically, as shown in fig. 6, fig. 6 is a graph illustrating a curve of DCM converted to CCM. Curve 601 is the voltage U across the load module under DCMLCurve 602 is the current I on the load module under DCML. Curve 603 is the voltage U across the load module in CCMLCurve 604 represents the current I at the load module in CCML. In DCM, the current of the inductor in the switching power supply drops to 0 during one switching cycle, forming a tank due to the presence of parasitic capacitance. The off-time of the switch 503 is changed so that the current of the inductor in the switching power supply does not drop to 0 and no tank is formed in one switching cycle. It should be determined that having an oscillating waveform is one way to distinguish between modes, and in practical applications, the modes may also be distinguished by other means, such as measuring whether the current in the inductor in the switching power supply returns to 0 during a switching cycle. In DCM and CCM, the lowest current on the load module is different, i.e. the value of A in curve 602 and the value of B in curve 604The range of output current that the switching power supply can output to the load module is different. In one mode, the controller 502 may vary the output voltage of the switching power supply to the load module, varying the output current of the switching power supply to the load module. The switching power supply may thus be a range for the output current of the load module. The following description is related to the controller 502 changing the output voltage of the load module by the switching power supply.
After the controller 502 receives the voltage regulation instruction, the controller 502 is configured to change the state of the switching power supply, so as to change the output voltage of the switching power supply to the chip 501, which is referred to as voltage regulation. Specifically, as shown in fig. 7, fig. 7 is a graph illustrating the variation of the voltage regulation curve in CCM. Curve 701 is the voltage U across the load module before voltage regulationLCurve 702 is the current I on the load module before voltage regulationL. Curve 703 is the voltage U across the regulated load moduleLCurve 704 is the current I on the regulated load moduleL. Before voltage regulation, the duration of one switching cycle of the switch 503 is T. In one switching cycle, the switch 503 has an on duration of D1 and an off duration of T-D1. The on-period of the switch 503 is changed to D2 and the off-period of the switch 503 is changed to T-D2. When D1 is different from D2, the output voltage of the switching power supply is different. Since the output voltage of the switching power supply to the load module varies, the current of the load module varies without the blocking of the load module being changed, i.e. the value of C in curve 702 differs from the value of D in curve 704.
The voltage regulation and the mode regulation can be executed simultaneously or independently. When the voltage regulation is carried out independently, the voltage regulation can be carried out firstly, and then the mode regulation is carried out, or the mode regulation can be carried out firstly and then the voltage regulation is carried out. Since both the voltage regulation and the regulation mode are changing the state of the switching power supply, i.e. the state of the switch 503 and the switch 504, the voltage regulation and the regulation mode can be performed simultaneously. When the voltage regulation and the mode regulation are performed simultaneously, as shown in fig. 8, fig. 8 is a graph illustrating the curve change of the simultaneous voltage regulation and the mode regulation. D2 in fig. 8 is different from D1 in fig. 6. The graph of fig. 8 can be understood as a result of adding the graph of fig. 6 and the graph of fig. 7.
Optionally, comparator 509 is used to determine whether the voltage of chip 501 reaches the first voltage. If so, the comparator 509 is further configured to send the first information to the controller 502. The first information may comprise a voltage value or a comparison of a voltage value and the first voltage. The controller 502 is also configured to receive the first information. After receiving the first information, the controller 502 is specifically configured to, after receiving the first information, if the first voltage corresponding to the voltage regulation command is greater than the threshold voltage, change the state of the switching power supply so that the switching power supply is converted from DCM to CCM. Wherein, when the controller 502 changes the state of the switching power supply, it takes a while for the voltage to the chip 501 to rise to the first voltage. During this time, the chip 501 may wait for the controller 502 to complete voltage regulation without changing the operating frequency. Since the current in CCM is larger than that in DCM, the charge consumption is larger. Therefore, by performing the mode switching after the voltage of the chip 501 reaches the first voltage, power can be saved.
Optionally, if the chip 501 is not used to compare the threshold voltage with the first voltage and does not generate the mode switching instruction, the controller 502 is further configured to determine whether the first voltage corresponding to the voltage regulating instruction is greater than the threshold voltage according to the voltage regulating instruction. If the first voltage corresponding to the voltage regulation command is greater than the threshold voltage, the controller 502 is configured to change the state of the switching power supply, so that the switching power supply is switched from DCM to CCM. The threshold voltage generally needs to be obtained through the controller 502, the controller 502 compares the threshold voltage with the first voltage, and the controller 502 does not need to send the threshold voltage to the chip 501 in advance, so that information interaction between the controller 502 and the chip 501 is reduced.
Through research on a terminal model, more than 90% of power consumption of daily use of the terminal is concentrated on medium and light loads. As shown in fig. 9, fig. 9 is a schematic diagram of power consumption of the terminal under different currents. As can be seen from fig. 9, the power consumption of 90% or more at the end is concentrated on the medium and light loads (current of 2.0A or less). Under the condition of medium and light load, the sudden change of the load voltage is not large, and the voltage stability of the load module can be maintained by using a small capacitor. Under the condition of heavy load, the sudden change of the load voltage is large, and a large capacitor is needed to maintain the voltage stability of the load module.
Optionally, if the first voltage corresponding to the voltage regulation instruction is greater than the threshold voltage and the voltage of the chip 501 before voltage regulation is less than the threshold voltage, the state of the switching power supply is changed, so that the switching power supply is switched from DCM to CCM. The controller 502 does not change the mode of the switching power supply according to the rate of change of the voltage of the chip 501. When the first voltage corresponding to the voltage regulating instruction is greater than the threshold voltage, the chip 501 is considered to be under a heavy load. Therefore, under the condition of heavy load, the capacitor is not needed to maintain the voltage stability of the chip 501, and the purpose of simplifying the capacitor is achieved. In connection with fig. 5, it can be appreciated that the volume or number of capacitors 507 is reduced.
Alternatively, if the first voltage corresponding to the voltage regulating instruction is greater than the threshold voltage, the controller 502 does not change the mode of the switching power supply according to the voltage change rate of the chip 501. If the first voltage corresponding to the voltage-regulating command is less than the threshold voltage, the controller 502 is configured to determine whether a third voltage change rate is greater than a second value, where the third voltage change rate is
Figure BDA0002537319660000111
Wherein, VaIs a first voltage, VbThe second voltage is derived from the chip 501 according to the comparator 509. If the third voltage change rate is greater than the second value, the controller 502 is further configured to change the state of the switching power supply to switch the switching power supply from the second mode to the first mode. The controller can perform mode switching according to the voltage change rate under the condition that the first voltage corresponding to the voltage regulating instruction is smaller than the threshold voltage, and because sudden change of the load voltage is not large under the condition of medium and light loads, the voltage stability of the load module can be maintained by using a small capacitor. And when the first voltage corresponding to the voltage regulating instruction is smaller than the threshold voltage, the load module is considered to be under the medium and light load. Therefore, part of small capacitance can be reserved, and the flexible mode conversion requirement on the load module is met under medium and light loads.
The DVFS power supply system in the embodiment of the present application is described above, and the DVFS power supply control method in the embodiment of the present application is described below.
Referring to fig. 10, fig. 10 is a schematic flowchart illustrating a DVFS power control method according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
In step 1001, the PMU receives a voltage regulation instruction sent by the chip, the voltage regulation instruction corresponding to the first voltage. The voltage regulating instruction corresponds to the first voltage, namely the voltage regulating instruction comprises the first voltage or comprises an identifier corresponding to the first voltage.
In step 1002, if the first voltage corresponding to the voltage regulating instruction is greater than or less than the threshold voltage, the PMU changes the state of the switching power supply so that the switching power supply is switched from the first mode to the second mode, so as to change a range of output current of the switching power supply to the load module. The load module may be a chip, or a part of functional modules in the chip, such as a CPU, a GPU, or other loads not belonging to the chip. Specifically, the PMU controls on and off of some electronic components in the switching power supply to change the state of the switching power supply.
And under the condition that the first voltage corresponding to the voltage regulating instruction is greater than or less than the threshold voltage, the PMU changes the output mode of the load module. The voltage feedback of the comparator to the load module is not required to wait, so that the dynamic response time can be reduced.
Optionally, the first mode is DCM and the second mode is CCM. If the first voltage corresponding to the voltage regulating instruction is larger than the threshold voltage, the PMU changes the state of the switching power supply so that the switching power supply is converted from DCM to CCM.
Optionally, the switching power supply may output a plurality of voltage values to the load module, the plurality of voltage values including V1，V2… …, Vn, the plurality of voltage values are arranged from small to large, n being an integer greater than 1. The plurality of voltage values correspond to a plurality of current ranges according to power variations of the load module. A plurality of current ranges including A1，A2… …, An. The threshold voltage is equal to Vx corresponding to Ax, and x is an integer greater than or equal to 1 and less than or equal to n. The current range of Ax is H milliampere to J milliampere. When the output voltage of the switching power supply to the load module is Vx, the output current of the load module changes from H milliampere to J milliampere due to the power change of the load module, and the output voltage of the switching power supply to the load module changes into Vc. H may be greater thanJ, may also be smaller than J, i.e. when the power of the load module increases, the small current of the load module jumps to the large current, and when the power of the load module decreases, the large current of the load module jumps to the small current. The first voltage rate of change is greater than or equal to a first value. Wherein the content of the first and second substances,
Figure BDA0002537319660000121
when the output voltage of the switching power supply to the load module is Vx-1When the power of the load module changes, the output current of the load module changes from K milliampere to L milliampere, and the output voltage of the switching power supply to the load module changes into Vc-1。Vx-1And Ax-1Corresponds to, Ax-1The current range of (a) is K milliamperes to L milliamperes, and the second voltage change rate is less than the first value. Wherein the content of the first and second substances,
Figure BDA0002537319660000122
optionally, if the first voltage corresponding to the voltage regulation instruction is smaller than the threshold voltage, the PMU is configured to determine whether the third voltage change rate is greater than a second value. Third rate of change of voltage
Figure BDA0002537319660000123
Wherein, VaIs a first voltage, VbThe second voltage is obtained from the load module according to the comparator. If the third voltage change rate is greater than the second value, the PMU is further configured to change a state of the switching power supply to transition the switching power supply from the second mode to the first mode.
Optionally, the PMU changes a state of the switching power supply according to the voltage regulation instruction, so that the output voltage of the switching power supply to the load module reaches the first voltage. The PMU receives first information sent by the comparator, and the first information is obtained by the comparator determining that the voltage of the load module reaches the first voltage. After the PMU receives the first information, if the first voltage corresponding to the voltage regulating instruction is greater than or less than the threshold voltage, the state of the switching power supply is changed, so that the switching power supply is switched from the first mode to the second mode.
Optionally, the PMU receives a mode conversion instruction, where the mode conversion instruction is obtained by the chip according to whether the first voltage corresponding to the voltage regulation instruction is greater than or less than the threshold voltage. After receiving the mode conversion instruction, the PMU changes the state of the switching power supply according to the mode conversion instruction, so that the switching power supply is converted from the first mode to the second mode.
For the description of the DVFS power supply control method in the implementation of the present application, reference may be made to the foregoing description of the DVFS power supply system.
The DVFS power supply control method in the embodiment of the present application is described above, and a terminal in the embodiment of the present application is described below.
Referring to fig. 11, fig. 11 is a schematic structural diagram of a terminal in an embodiment of the present application.
As shown in fig. 11, terminal 1100 includes a chip 1110, a PMU1130, a battery 1140, and a transceiver 1120 coupled to chip 1110. The chip 1110 may be a CPU, a Network Processor (NP), or a combination of a CPU and an NP. The processor may also be an application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC), a Programmable Logic Device (PLD), or a combination thereof. The PLD may be a Complex Programmable Logic Device (CPLD), a field-programmable gate array (FPGA), a General Array Logic (GAL), or any combination thereof. Chip 1110 may refer to one processor or may include multiple processors.
The transceiver 1120 is used for communication with other devices, such as other terminals or base stations. The battery 1140 is used to power the PMU 1130.
The chip 1110 is used to determine whether voltage adjustment is required according to the operating frequency, and if so, send a voltage adjustment instruction to the PMU 1130.
The PMU1130 is configured to receive a voltage regulation command sent by the chip 1110, where the voltage regulation command corresponds to the first voltage. The voltage regulating instruction corresponds to the first voltage, namely the voltage regulating instruction comprises the first voltage or comprises an identifier corresponding to the first voltage. If the first voltage corresponding to the voltage regulation instruction is greater than or less than the threshold voltage, the PMU1130 is configured to change the state of the switching power supply in the PMU1130, so that the switching power supply is switched from the first mode to the second mode, so as to change a range of output current that the switching power supply can output to the load module. The load module may be the chip 1110, or a part of the functional modules in the chip 1110, such as a CPU, a GPU, or other loads not belonging to the chip 1110. Specifically, 1130 is used to control the on/off of some electronic components in the switching power supply to change the state of the switching power supply.
Optionally, terminal 1100 can also include memory, which can include volatile memory (volatile memory), such as random-access memory (RAM); the memory may also include a non-volatile memory (non-volatile memory), such as a read-only memory (ROM), a flash memory (flash memory), a Hard Disk Drive (HDD), or a solid-state drive (SSD); the memory may also comprise a combination of memories of the kind described above.
In addition, after the PMU1130 or chip 1110 executes the computer readable instructions in the memory, all operations that the PMU1130 or chip 1110 may perform, such as the operations performed by the PMU or chip in the embodiment corresponding to fig. 5, may be performed as indicated by the computer readable instructions.
In the several embodiments provided in the present application, it should be understood that the disclosed system, apparatus and method may be implemented in other manners. For example, the above-described apparatus embodiments are merely illustrative, and for example, the division of the units is only one logical division, and other divisions may be realized in practice, for example, a plurality of units or components may be combined or integrated into another system, or some features may be omitted, or not executed. In addition, the shown or discussed mutual coupling or direct coupling or communication connection may be an indirect coupling or communication connection through some interfaces, devices or units, and may be in an electrical, mechanical or other form.
The units described as separate parts may or may not be physically separate, and parts displayed as units may or may not be physical units, may be located in one place, or may be distributed on a plurality of network units. Some or all of the units can be selected according to actual needs to achieve the purpose of the solution of the embodiment.
In addition, functional units in the embodiments of the present application may be integrated into one processing unit, or each unit may exist alone physically, or two or more units are integrated into one unit. The integrated unit can be realized in a form of hardware, and can also be realized in a form of a software functional unit.
The integrated unit, if implemented in the form of a software functional unit and sold or used as a stand-alone product, may be stored in a computer readable storage medium. Based on such understanding, the technical solution of the present application may be substantially implemented or contributed to by the prior art, or all or part of the technical solution may be embodied in a software product, which is stored in a storage medium and includes instructions for causing a computer device (which may be a personal computer, a server, or a network device) to execute all or part of the steps of the method according to the embodiments of the present application. And the aforementioned storage medium includes: various media that can store program codes, such as a flash disk, a removable hard disk, a ROM, a RAM, a magnetic or optical disk, and the like.

Claims (13)

1. A dynamic voltage frequency scaling DVFS power supply system, comprising:
the chip, the power management unit PMU and the load module;
wherein the PMU comprises a controller and a switching power supply;
the chip is used for sending a voltage regulating instruction to the controller, and the voltage regulating instruction corresponds to a first voltage;
if the first voltage corresponding to the voltage regulating instruction is greater than or less than the threshold voltage, the controller is configured to change the state of the switching power supply, so that the switching power supply is switched from the first mode to the second mode, and the range of the output current of the switching power supply to the load module is changed.
2. The system of claim 1, wherein the first mode is Discontinuous Conduction Mode (DCM), and the second mode is Continuous Conduction Mode (CCM);
the controller is specifically configured to change a state of the switching power supply if the first voltage corresponding to the voltage regulation command is greater than a threshold voltage, so that the switching power supply is switched from the DCM to the CCM.
3. The system of claim 2, wherein the switching power supply is capable of outputting a plurality of voltage values to the load module, the plurality of voltage values comprising V1，V2… …, Vn, the voltage values are arranged from small to large, n is an integer larger than 1, the voltage values correspond to current ranges according to the power change of the load module, and the current ranges include A1，A2… …, An, wherein the threshold voltage is equal to Ax corresponding Vx, x is greater than or equal to 1, is less than or equal to n's integer, Ax's current range is H milliamp to J milliamp, when switching power supply is to load module's output voltage is when Vx, load module's power change results in to load module's output current from H milliamp changes to J milliamp, results in switching power supply is to load module's output voltage changes to Vc, a first voltage change rate is greater than or equal to a first numerical value, wherein, a first voltage change rate
Figure FDA0002537319650000011
When the output voltage of the switching power supply to the load module is Vx-1When the load module is in a power-on state, the power change of the load module causes the output current of the load module to change from K milliampere to L milliampere, and the V isx-1And Ax-1Correspond to, Ax-1The current range of the switching power supply is from the K milliampere to the L milliampere, so that the output voltage of the switching power supply to the load module is changed into Vc-1A second rate of voltage change less than the first value, wherein the second rate of voltage change
Figure FDA0002537319650000012
4. The system of claim 3, further comprising a comparator;
if the first voltage corresponding to the voltage regulating instruction is smaller than the threshold voltage, the controller is used for determining whether a third voltage change rate is larger than a second numerical value or not, and the third voltage change rate
Figure FDA0002537319650000013
Wherein, the VaIs the first voltage, the VbA second voltage, the second voltage being derived from the load module according to the comparator;
if the third voltage change rate is greater than the second value, the controller is further configured to change the state of the switching power supply so that the switching power supply is switched from the second mode to the first mode.
5. The system of any one of claims 2 to 4, further comprising a comparator;
the controller is further used for changing the state of the switching power supply so that the output voltage of the switching power supply to the load module reaches the first voltage;
the comparator is used for determining whether the voltage of the load module reaches the first voltage;
if yes, the comparator is further used for sending first information to the controller;
the controller is further configured to receive the first information;
the controller is specifically configured to, after the controller receives the first information, if the first voltage corresponding to the voltage regulation instruction is greater than or less than a threshold voltage, change a state of the switching power supply, so that the switching power supply is switched from the first mode to the second mode.
6. The system according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the chip is further configured to determine whether the first voltage corresponding to the voltage regulating instruction is greater than or less than the threshold voltage;
if yes, the chip is also used for sending a mode conversion instruction to the controller;
the controller is specifically configured to change a state of the switching power supply according to the mode switching instruction, so that the switching power supply is switched from the first mode to the second mode.
7. A DVFS power supply control method, comprising:
a Power Management Unit (PMU) receives a voltage regulating instruction sent by a chip, wherein the voltage regulating instruction corresponds to a first voltage;
if the first voltage corresponding to the voltage regulating instruction is larger than or smaller than the threshold voltage, the PMU changes the state of the switching power supply so that the switching power supply is switched from the first mode to the second mode, and the range of the output current of the switching power supply to the load module is changed.
8. The method of claim 7, wherein the first mode is Discontinuous Conduction Mode (DCM), and the second mode is Continuous Conduction Mode (CCM);
if the first voltage corresponding to the voltage regulating instruction is greater than or less than a threshold voltage, the PMU changing the state of the switching power supply so that the switching power supply is switched from the first mode to the second mode includes:
and if the first voltage corresponding to the voltage regulating instruction is larger than the threshold voltage, the PMU changes the state of the switching power supply so that the switching power supply is converted from DCM to CCM.
9. The method of claim 8, wherein the switching power supply outputs a plurality of voltage values to the load module, the plurality of voltage values comprising V1，V2… …, Vn, the voltage values are arranged from small to large, n is an integer larger than 1, the voltage values correspond to current ranges according to the power change of the load module, and the current ranges include A1，A2… …, An, wherein the threshold voltage is equal to Ax corresponding Vx, x is greater than or equal to 1, is less than or equal to n's integer, Ax's current range is H milliamp to J milliamp, when the switching power supply is to the output voltage of the load module is Vx, the power change of the load module causes the output current to the load module to change from H milliamp to J milliamp, causes the output voltage of the switching power supply to the load module to change to Vc, a first voltage change rate is greater than or equal to a first value, wherein, the threshold voltage is equal to Ax, x is greater than or equal to 1, is less than or equal to n's integer, the current range of Ax is H milliamp to J milliamp, when the output voltage of the switching power supply to the load module is the Vx, the power change rate of the load module causes the output current of the load module to change to Vc, and the first voltage change rate is greater than or equal to a first value, wherein
Figure FDA0002537319650000021
Figure FDA0002537319650000022
When the output voltage of the switching power supply to the load module is Vx-1When the load module is in a power-on state, the power change of the load module causes the output current of the load module to change from K milliampere to L milliampere, and the V isx-1And Ax-1Correspond to, Ax-1The current range of the switching power supply is from the K milliampere to the L milliampere, so that the output voltage of the switching power supply to the load module is changed into Vc-1The second voltage rate of change is less than the first value, wherein
Figure FDA0002537319650000023
10. The method of claim 9, wherein the PMU is configured to determine if the first voltage corresponding to the voltage regulation command is less than a threshold voltageFor determining whether a third rate of voltage change, which is greater than a second value, is
Figure FDA0002537319650000024
Wherein, the VaIs the first voltage, the VbA second voltage, the second voltage being derived from the load module according to a comparator;
if the third voltage change rate is greater than the second value, the PMU is further configured to change a state of the switching power supply to cause the switching power supply to transition from the second mode to the first mode.
11. The method according to any one of claims 8 to 10, wherein the PMU changes the state of the switching power supply according to the voltage regulation instruction, so that the output voltage of the switching power supply to the load module reaches the first voltage;
the PMU receives first information sent by the comparator, wherein the first information is obtained by the comparator determining that the voltage of the load module reaches the first voltage;
if the first voltage corresponding to the voltage regulating instruction is greater than or less than a threshold voltage, the PMU changing the state of the switching power supply so that the switching power supply is switched from the first mode to the second mode includes:
after the PMU receives the first information, if the first voltage corresponding to the voltage regulating instruction is larger than or smaller than a threshold voltage, the state of the switching power supply is changed, so that the switching power supply is switched from the first mode to the second mode.
12. The method according to any one of claims 7 to 11, further comprising:
the PMU receives a mode conversion instruction, wherein the mode conversion instruction is obtained by the chip according to the condition that the first voltage corresponding to the voltage regulation instruction is greater than or less than the threshold voltage;
if the first voltage corresponding to the voltage regulating instruction is greater than or less than a threshold voltage, the PMU changing the state of the switching power supply so that the switching power supply is switched from the first mode to the second mode includes:
and the PMU changes the state of the switching power supply according to the mode conversion instruction so that the switching power supply is converted from the first mode to the second mode.
13. A terminal, characterized in that it comprises a dynamic voltage frequency scaling DVFS power supply system according to any of the preceding claims 1 to 6.
CN202010536916.4A 2020-06-12 2020-06-12 DVFS power supply system and DVFS power supply control method Pending CN113872416A (en)

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