CN113871691B - High-temperature lithium battery power station for power grid energy storage peak regulation and working method thereof - Google Patents

High-temperature lithium battery power station for power grid energy storage peak regulation and working method thereof Download PDF

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CN113871691B
CN113871691B CN202111292565.8A CN202111292565A CN113871691B CN 113871691 B CN113871691 B CN 113871691B CN 202111292565 A CN202111292565 A CN 202111292565A CN 113871691 B CN113871691 B CN 113871691B
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anode
battery
layer
graphite block
cathode
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CN113871691A (en
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卢惠民
卢小溪
高志江
刘建学
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Beijing Oufei Jintai Technology Co ltd
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Beijing Oufei Jintai Technology Co ltd
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
    • H02J3/28—Arrangements for balancing of the load in a network by storage of energy
    • H02J3/32—Arrangements for balancing of the load in a network by storage of energy using batteries with converting means
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/05—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
    • H01M10/052—Li-accumulators
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/05—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
    • H01M10/056—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte characterised by the materials used as electrolytes, e.g. mixed inorganic/organic electrolytes
    • H01M10/0561—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte characterised by the materials used as electrolytes, e.g. mixed inorganic/organic electrolytes the electrolyte being constituted of inorganic materials only
    • H01M10/0563—Liquid materials, e.g. for Li-SOCl2 cells
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/05—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
    • H01M10/058—Construction or manufacture
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M4/00—Electrodes
    • H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
    • H01M4/13—Electrodes for accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte, e.g. for lithium-accumulators; Processes of manufacture thereof
    • H01M4/133—Electrodes based on carbonaceous material, e.g. graphite-intercalation compounds or CFx
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/10—Primary casings, jackets or wrappings of a single cell or a single battery
    • H01M50/116—Primary casings, jackets or wrappings of a single cell or a single battery characterised by the material
    • H01M50/117—Inorganic material
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/10—Primary casings, jackets or wrappings of a single cell or a single battery
    • H01M50/116—Primary casings, jackets or wrappings of a single cell or a single battery characterised by the material
    • H01M50/124—Primary casings, jackets or wrappings of a single cell or a single battery characterised by the material having a layered structure
    • H01M50/126—Primary casings, jackets or wrappings of a single cell or a single battery characterised by the material having a layered structure comprising three or more layers
    • H01M50/128—Primary casings, jackets or wrappings of a single cell or a single battery characterised by the material having a layered structure comprising three or more layers with two or more layers of only inorganic material
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/10—Primary casings, jackets or wrappings of a single cell or a single battery
    • H01M50/131—Primary casings, jackets or wrappings of a single cell or a single battery characterised by physical properties, e.g. gas-permeability or size
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/10—Primary casings, jackets or wrappings of a single cell or a single battery
    • H01M50/138—Primary casings, jackets or wrappings of a single cell or a single battery adapted for specific cells, e.g. electrochemical cells operating at high temperature
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/10—Primary casings, jackets or wrappings of a single cell or a single battery
    • H01M50/14—Primary casings, jackets or wrappings of a single cell or a single battery for protecting against damage caused by external factors
    • H01M50/143—Fireproof; Explosion-proof
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/10—Primary casings, jackets or wrappings of a single cell or a single battery
    • H01M50/14—Primary casings, jackets or wrappings of a single cell or a single battery for protecting against damage caused by external factors
    • H01M50/145—Primary casings, jackets or wrappings of a single cell or a single battery for protecting against damage caused by external factors for protecting against corrosion
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/10—Primary casings, jackets or wrappings of a single cell or a single battery
    • H01M50/183—Sealing members
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/10—Primary casings, jackets or wrappings of a single cell or a single battery
    • H01M50/183—Sealing members
    • H01M50/19—Sealing members characterised by the material
    • H01M50/197—Sealing members characterised by the material having a layered structure
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J15/00—Systems for storing electric energy
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P70/00—Climate change mitigation technologies in the production process for final industrial or consumer products
    • Y02P70/50—Manufacturing or production processes characterised by the final manufactured product

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  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
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  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Secondary Cells (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a high-temperature lithium battery power station for power grid energy storage peak regulation and a working method thereof, the structure of the high-temperature lithium battery power station comprises a battery, the battery comprises a shell provided with a lining, an anode graphite block, an anode mother liquor layer, a battery liquid electrolyte layer, a liquid lithium layer, a cathode graphite block, an upper seepage-proofing material layer and an upper cover aluminum oxide fiber insulation board are arranged above the lining at the bottom in the shell; anode steel bars are symmetrically inserted at two ends of the anode graphite block and are respectively and electrically connected with the anode of the power supply and the anode of the DC/AC inverter; cathode steel bars are symmetrically inserted into two ends of the cathode graphite block and are respectively and electrically connected with the negative electrode of the power supply and the negative electrode of the DC/AC inverter, the DC/AC inverter is electrically connected with a power grid through a booster, and the power grid is electrically connected with the power supply. The invention has the advantages of quick opening and closing, construction close to a load center and the like, not only overcomes the defects that the compressed air peak-shaving power station consumes natural gas or oil, pollutes air and the like, but also overcomes the defect that the pumped storage power station is limited by geographical conditions.

Description

High-temperature lithium battery power station for power grid energy storage peak regulation and working method thereof
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field related to high-temperature lithium battery power stations for industrial application, in particular to a high-temperature lithium battery power station for power grid energy storage peak shaving and a working method thereof.
Background
The electric power composition in China mainly comprises thermal power, the power grid structure mainly comprises thermal power, the rigid power grid structure in China is determined, and the phenomena of large-scale wind discarding and light discarding that wind power and photovoltaic power generation cannot be connected with each other are caused by difficult peak regulation. The wind is greatly fluctuated due to the high instability of wind, and large-scale wind power and photoelectricity access to a power grid can bring great potential safety hazard to the power grid. Therefore, the power grid of China is in urgent need of energy storage peak shaving power stations with large scale and large capacity. The energy storage peak regulation power station is an effective way for solving the peak-valley difference of the power grid, and can play a double role of peak and valley filling in a power system, so that the significance of the intensive research and development of energy storage technology is great.
According to the load condition of the power grid operation, the peak shaving power station can be started or closed rapidly technically, the pumped storage power station is mature at present, the disadvantage is limited by geographical conditions, the construction speed is low, and the peak shaving requirement of the system cannot be met in quantity. The accumulator battery is also an ideal energy-storage peak-shaving power station, which has the advantages of quick opening and closing, no limitation of geographical conditions, etc., but has small power, short service life, high manufacturing cost and high operation cost, thus limiting peak shaving of a large power system. Compressed air energy storage peak shaving power stations have also developed to some extent, but have limited energy storage and still consume natural gas or oil during operation. Other energy storage technologies such as superconductivity, flywheel, etc. are also commercially available for some distance. In a word, under the condition of not reducing the power generation efficiency, no peak shaving method can meet the peak shaving requirement of a power system at present; the installed capacity of various energy storage power stations is far smaller than the required capacity of the system due to economic and technical reasons and the like. Nevertheless, there has been no lack of research and development into energy storage technologies.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a high-temperature lithium battery power station for power grid energy storage peak regulation and a working method thereof, which are used for solving the problems of the prior art, have the advantages of quick opening and closing, capability of being built close to a load center and the like, overcome the defects that the compressed air peak regulation power station consumes natural gas or oil, pollutes air and the like, and overcome the defect that the pumped storage power station is limited by geographical conditions.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following solutions:
the invention provides a high-temperature lithium battery power station for power grid energy storage peak shaving, which can store electric energy into liquid metal lithium in a large scale when a power grid is in a valley; discharging to a power grid when electricity consumption is high, and ensuring sufficient electricity consumption of the power grid, wherein the power grid comprises a battery, the battery comprises a shell, an inner liner is fixedly arranged on the inner wall of the shell, an anode graphite block is fixedly arranged above the inner liner positioned at the bottom of the shell, and an anode mother liquor layer, a battery liquid electrolyte layer, a liquid lithium layer, a cathode graphite block, an upper impermeable material layer and an upper cover aluminum oxide fiber insulation board are sequentially arranged above the anode graphite block; anode steel bars are symmetrically inserted into two ends of the anode graphite block, the anode steel bars at one end of the anode graphite block are electrically connected with the positive electrode of a power supply, the anode steel bars at the other end of the anode graphite block are electrically connected with the positive electrode of a DC/AC inverter, the cathode steel bars are symmetrically inserted into two ends of the cathode graphite block, the cathode steel bars at one end of the cathode graphite block are electrically connected with the negative electrode of the power supply, the cathode steel bars at the other end of the cathode graphite block are electrically connected with the negative electrode of the DC/AC inverter, the DC/AC inverter is electrically connected with a power grid through a booster, the power grid is electrically connected with the power supply, the power supply is a DC power supply, and the booster is an AC booster. When the power grid is in a low electricity consumption state, a direct-current power supply is turned on, the working condition of the high-temperature lithium battery is met, the high-temperature lithium battery starts to work, metal lithium in the liquid alloy in the high-temperature lithium battery is electrolyzed and separated out, and large-scale consumed electric energy is converted into lithium chemical energy to be stored. When the power grid is in a power consumption peak, the high-temperature lithium battery power station starts to work, liquid metal lithium is changed into lithium ions to enter the alloy, direct current is discharged, the lithium ions are converted into alternating current through a DC/AC inverter, the alternating current is boosted through a booster, and the alternating current enters the power grid. And repeatedly, the high-temperature lithium battery alternately oxidizes and reduces through liquid metal lithium to finish the energy storage and peak shaving work of the power grid.
Optionally, the inside one side of casing is vertical to be provided with the barricade, barricade bottom with positive pole mother liquor layer contact is connected, barricade top one side with upper portion prevention of seepage bed and upper cover alumina fiber heated board fixed connection, the barricade opposite side and its adjacent form the battery feed opening between the inside lining of casing lateral wall, battery feed opening top is fixed to be provided with battery feed opening apron.
Optionally, the inside lining include with shells inner wall fixed connection's alumina fiber board, alumina fiber board keeps away from shells one side is fixed in proper order and is provided with clay insulating brick, prevention of seepage bed of material and magnesia refractory brick.
Optionally, steel-aluminum explosion blocks are fixedly arranged at the outer ends of the anode steel bar and the cathode steel bar respectively, and the tail ends of the steel-aluminum explosion blocks are electrically connected with aluminum soft belts; the aluminum soft belt of the anode steel bar at one end of the anode graphite block is connected with the positive electrode of the power supply after being connected with one aluminum bus, and the aluminum soft belt of the anode steel bar at the other end of the anode graphite block is connected with the positive electrode of the DC/AC inverter after being connected with the other aluminum bus; the aluminum soft belt of the cathode steel bar at one end of the cathode graphite block is connected with the negative electrode of the power supply after being connected with one aluminum bus, and the aluminum soft belt of the cathode steel bar at the other end of the cathode graphite block is connected with the negative electrode of the DC/AC inverter after being connected with the other aluminum bus.
The invention also provides a working method of the high-temperature lithium battery power station for power grid energy storage peak shaving, which comprises the following steps:
s1: injecting an anode mother solution into the battery to form an anode mother solution layer, so that the thickness of the anode mother solution layer reaches 35-40cm;
s2: injecting liquid electrolyte to the lower surface of the cathode graphite block to form a battery liquid electrolyte layer;
s3: connecting a power supply to start charging; li-Bi-Sn alloy liquid, wherein the molar ratio of bismuth-tin alloy at 139 ℃ is 57:43, and the density is 8.4-8.7g/cm 3 The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the LiI-KI as battery liquid state electricityThe electrolyte, liquid electrolyte ratio is 58:42, eutectic temperature of about 260 ℃ and density of 2.71-2.76g/cm 3 The operation temperature is 280-300 ℃, and the metal lithium density of the liquid lithium layer is 0.543g/cm 3 。
S4: with the power supply being turned on, the lithium in the liquid lithium layer in the battery floats to the surface of the liquid electrolyte layer of the battery until the thickness of the lithium in the liquid lithium layer is 15-25 cm;
s5: the power supply is disconnected, the battery starts discharging, lithium in the liquid lithium layer gradually becomes lithium ions to enter the liquid electrolyte layer of the bottom battery, the inverter changes direct current into alternating current, then boosting is carried out, and the direct current is provided for the power grid in the peak period of power utilization of the power grid.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following technical effects:
the invention adopts the corrosion-resistant magnesia brick as the lining to contact with electrolyte and high-temperature alloy, and adopts the graphite material as the electrode material, thereby properly solving the problem of high-temperature corrosion. The sealing process is good, the battery is fully sealed by adopting heat insulation materials, refractory materials and seepage prevention materials, and the sealing problem of the liquid metal battery is solved. The heat loss is less, and the problems of full sealing and electrode corrosion resistance are solved, so that the heat source is ensured to be stable during working even though the working environment of the liquid metal battery needs high temperature, the heat inside the battery is ensured to be uniform and stable, and the heat loss is reduced. Compared with other means of energy storage and peak shaving at present, the high-temperature lithium battery has low cost and large-scale power grid energy storage prospect.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings that are needed in the embodiments will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and other drawings may be obtained according to these drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a high temperature lithium battery power station for power grid energy storage peak shaving;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a battery structure of a high temperature lithium battery power station for grid energy storage peak shaving according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic top view of a battery of the high temperature lithium battery power station for grid energy storage peak shaving of the present invention;
reference numerals illustrate: 1. a battery discharging opening; 2. a battery; 3. a battery feed opening cover plate; 4. an alumina fiber insulation board is covered on the upper cover; 5. an upper impermeable layer; 6. a cathode steel bar; 7. a cathode graphite block; 8. a housing; 9. alumina fiber insulation board; 10. clay bricks; 11. an impermeable material layer; 12. magnesia refractory bricks; 13. a liquid lithium layer; 14. a battery liquid electrolyte layer; 15. an anode mother liquid layer; 16. anode graphite blocks; 17. an anode steel bar; 18. steel aluminum explosion blocks; 19. an aluminum soft belt; 20. an aluminum busbar; 21. a DC/AC inverter; 22. a booster; 23. a power grid; 24. and a power supply.
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present invention will be made clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which it is apparent that the embodiments described are only some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
The invention aims to provide a high-temperature lithium battery power station for power grid energy storage peak regulation and a working method thereof, which are used for solving the problems of the prior art, have the advantages of quick opening and closing, capability of being built close to a load center and the like, overcome the defects that the compressed air peak regulation power station consumes natural gas or oil, pollutes air and the like, and overcome the defect that the pumped storage power station is limited by geographical conditions.
In order that the above-recited objects, features and advantages of the present invention will become more readily apparent, a more particular description of the invention will be rendered by reference to the appended drawings and appended detailed description.
Example 1
As shown in fig. 1-3, the invention provides a high-temperature lithium battery power station for power grid energy storage peak regulation, which comprises a battery 2, wherein the battery 2 comprises a shell 8, the shell 8 is formed by welding a steel shell with the length of 1-2cm, and the lining of the shell 8 is an alumina fiber plate 9, a clay insulating brick 10, an impermeable material layer 11 and a magnesia refractory brick 12 which are paved in sequence; the upper cover of the battery 2 is a cathode graphite block 7, the cathode graphite block 7 is formed by splicing graphite blocks with the thickness of 20-25cm, cold ramming paste is filled in gaps among the graphite blocks, and the cold ramming paste is baked at 180-200 ℃. The two ends of each cathode graphite block 7 are perforated and embedded into the cathode steel bar 6, the steel-aluminum explosion blocks 18 are welded on the cathode steel bar 6, the steel-aluminum explosion blocks 18 are connected with one end of an aluminum soft belt 19 by welding, the other end of the aluminum soft belt 19 is welded on an aluminum bus 20, and the aluminum bus 20 is connected with a power supply 24. The other side of the cathode graphite block 7 of the battery 2 is also inserted with a cathode steel bar 6, the cathode steel bar 6 is welded with a steel-aluminum explosion block 18, the steel-aluminum explosion block 18 is welded with one end of an aluminum soft belt 19, the other end of the aluminum soft belt 19 is welded on an aluminum bus 20, the aluminum bus 20 is connected with a DC/AC inverter 21, and then the booster 22 and the power grid 23 are connected.
A battery blanking port cover plate 3 is arranged on the battery blanking port 1, the battery blanking port 1 is communicated with the bottom of the battery 2, an impermeable material layer 5 and an upper cover aluminum oxide fiber insulation board 4 are paved on a cathode graphite block 7 of the battery 2, and the upper cover aluminum oxide fiber insulation board 4 is an aluminum oxide fiber insulation board, so that heat dissipation is prevented.
The anode graphite block 16 of the battery 2 is formed by splicing graphite blocks with the thickness of 20-25cm, cold ramming paste is filled in gaps among the graphite blocks, and the cold ramming paste is baked at 180-200 ℃. The two ends of each anode graphite block 16 are perforated and embedded into an anode steel bar 17, a steel-aluminum explosion block 18 is welded on the anode steel bar 17, the steel-aluminum explosion block 18 is connected with one end of an aluminum soft belt 19 corresponding to the steel-aluminum explosion block by welding, the other end of the aluminum soft belt 19 is welded on an aluminum bus 20, and the aluminum bus 20 is connected with a power supply 24; the other end of the anode graphite block 16 of the battery 2 is also inserted with an anode steel bar 17, steel-aluminum explosion blocks 18 are welded on the anode steel bar 17, the steel-aluminum explosion blocks 18 are welded with one end of an aluminum soft belt 19, the other end of the aluminum soft belt 19 is welded on an aluminum bus 20, the aluminum bus 20 is connected with a DC/AC inverter 21, and then a booster 22 and a power grid 23 are connected.
The working principle of the high-temperature lithium battery power station for power grid energy storage peak regulation is as follows: with the different electrode potentials of the metal in the liquid electrolyte, the element more positively charged than bismuth is retained in the anode mother liquor layer 15 of the cell, while the element more negatively charged than bismuth moves in the cell liquid electrolyte layer 14 and precipitates on the lower surface of the cell cathode graphite block 7.
Injecting battery anode mother liquor into a battery feed opening 1, wherein the horizontal height of a battery anode mother liquor layer 15 reaches 35-40cm; the battery liquid electrolyte is injected to make the level of the battery liquid electrolyte layer 14 reach 7-10cm until the battery liquid electrolyte layer 14 contacts the battery cathode graphite block 7.
The battery is connected with a power supply 24 (a power connection network) to start charging, the current intensity is 20-500KA, the working voltage is 3.5-6.0V, the charging working temperature is 260-550 ℃, the charging time is 2-3 hours, the level of the battery anode mother liquid layer 15 is gradually reduced to 20-25cm, the precipitated metal lithium on the battery liquid electrolyte layer 14 is gradually increased, and the precipitation amount of the precipitated metal is measured or estimated. After the completion of the charging, the discharging is started. The discharge time is 2-3 hours, the metallic lithium of the liquid lithium layer 13 is gradually reduced, and the level of the anode mother liquid layer 15 is gradually increased to 30-40cm. The current passes through the cathode steel bar 6 and the anode steel bar 17, enters the aluminum bus 20 through the steel-aluminum explosion block 18 and the aluminum soft belt 19, goes to the DC/AC inverter 21, is changed into alternating current, is boosted to 380V through the booster 22, and enters the power grid 23. And returning the charged and separated lithium metal into the alloy to complete the discharging process.
The anode mother solution of the anode mother solution layer 15 adopts Li-Bi-Sn alloy liquid, wherein the molar ratio of the bismuth-tin alloy is 57:43 at 139 ℃ and the density is 8.4-8.7g/cm 3 The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the LiI-KI is used as a battery liquid electrolyte, and the electrolyte ratio is 58:42, eutectic temperature of about 260 ℃ and density of 2.71-2.76g/cm 3 The operation temperature is 280-300 ℃, and the density of the metallic lithium is 0.543g/cm 3 . The density of the battery liquid electrolyte layer 14 is smaller than that of the anode mother liquor layer 15, and the battery liquid electrolyte layer 14 always floats on top of the anode mother liquor layer 15.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the directions or positional relationships indicated by the terms "center", "top", "bottom", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inner", "outer", etc. are based on the directions or positional relationships shown in the drawings, are merely for convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the devices or elements referred to must have a specific orientation, be configured and operated in a specific orientation, and thus should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and the like are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.
The principles and embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail with reference to specific examples, which are provided to facilitate understanding of the method and core ideas of the present invention; also, it is within the scope of the present invention to be modified by those of ordinary skill in the art in light of the present teachings. In view of the foregoing, this description should not be construed as limiting the invention.

Claims (5)

1. A high temperature lithium cell power station that is used for electric wire netting energy storage peak shaving, its characterized in that: the battery comprises a shell, wherein an inner lining is fixedly arranged on the inner wall of the shell, an anode graphite block is fixedly arranged above the inner lining at the bottom of the shell, and an anode mother solution layer, a battery liquid electrolyte layer, a liquid lithium layer, a cathode graphite block, an upper seepage-proofing material layer and an upper cover aluminum oxide fiber insulation board are sequentially arranged above the anode graphite block; anode steel bars are symmetrically inserted into two ends of the anode graphite block, the anode steel bars at one end of the anode graphite block are electrically connected with the positive electrode of a power supply, the anode steel bars at the other end of the anode graphite block are electrically connected with the positive electrode of a DC/AC inverter, the cathode steel bars at one end of the cathode graphite block are symmetrically inserted into two ends of the cathode graphite block, the cathode steel bars at the other end of the cathode graphite block are electrically connected with the negative electrode of the power supply, the cathode steel bars at the other end of the cathode graphite block are electrically connected with the negative electrode of the DC/AC inverter, and the DC/AC inverter is electrically connected with a power grid through a booster, and the power grid is electrically connected with the power supply; the anode mother solution of the anode mother solution layer adopts Li-Bi-Sn alloy liquid, wherein the molar ratio of bismuth-tin alloy at 139 ℃ is 57:43, and the density is 8.4-8.7g/cm 3 The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the LiI-KI is used as a battery liquid electrolyte, and the electrolyte ratio is 58:42, eutectic temperature of about 260 ℃ and density of 2.71-2.76g/cm 3 The operation temperature is 280-300 ℃, and the density of the metallic lithium is 0.543g/cm 3 The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the Density of liquid electrolyte layer of batteryThe density of the liquid electrolyte layer is smaller than that of the anode mother liquid layer, and the liquid electrolyte layer of the battery always floats on the upper layer of the anode mother liquid layer.
2. The high temperature lithium battery power station for grid energy storage and peak shaving of claim 1, wherein: the inside one side of casing is vertical to be provided with the barricade, barricade bottom with positive pole mother liquor layer contact connection, barricade top one side with upper portion prevention of seepage bed and upper cover alumina fiber heated board fixed connection, the barricade opposite side and its adjacent form the battery feed opening between the inside lining of casing lateral wall, battery feed opening top is fixed to be provided with battery feed opening apron.
3. The high temperature lithium battery power station for grid energy storage and peak shaving of claim 1, wherein: the lining comprises an alumina fiber plate fixedly connected with the inner wall of the shell, and a clay insulating brick, an impermeable material layer and a magnesia refractory brick are sequentially and fixedly arranged on one side, away from the shell, of the alumina fiber plate.
4. The high temperature lithium battery power station for grid energy storage and peak shaving of claim 1, wherein: the outer ends of the anode steel bar and the cathode steel bar are respectively and fixedly provided with a steel-aluminum explosion block, and the tail ends of the steel-aluminum explosion blocks are electrically connected with an aluminum soft belt; the aluminum soft belt of the anode steel bar at one end of the anode graphite block is connected with the positive electrode of the power supply after being connected with one aluminum bus, and the aluminum soft belt of the anode steel bar at the other end of the anode graphite block is connected with the positive electrode of the DC/AC inverter after being connected with the other aluminum bus; the aluminum soft belt of the cathode steel bar at one end of the cathode graphite block is connected with the negative electrode of the power supply after being connected with one aluminum bus, and the aluminum soft belt of the cathode steel bar at the other end of the cathode graphite block is connected with the negative electrode of the DC/AC inverter after being connected with the other aluminum bus.
5. A method of operating a high temperature lithium battery power plant for grid energy storage and peak shaving as set forth in claim 1, wherein: the method comprises the following steps:
s1: injecting an anode mother solution into the battery to form an anode mother solution layer, so that the thickness of the anode mother solution layer reaches 35-40cm;
s2: injecting liquid electrolyte to the lower surface of the cathode graphite block to form a battery liquid electrolyte layer;
s3: connecting a power supply to start charging;
s4: with the power supply being turned on, the lithium in the liquid lithium layer in the battery floats to the surface of the liquid electrolyte layer of the battery until the thickness of the lithium in the liquid lithium layer is 15-25 cm;
s5: the power supply is disconnected, the battery starts discharging, lithium in the liquid lithium layer gradually becomes lithium ions to enter the liquid electrolyte layer of the bottom battery, the inverter changes direct current into alternating current, then boosting is carried out, and the direct current is provided for the power grid in the peak period of power utilization of the power grid.
CN202111292565.8A 2021-11-03 2021-11-03 High-temperature lithium battery power station for power grid energy storage peak regulation and working method thereof Active CN113871691B (en)

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