CN113868744A - Method and system for acquiring dynamic mechanical response data of road structure - Google Patents

Method and system for acquiring dynamic mechanical response data of road structure Download PDF

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CN113868744A
CN113868744A CN202111156484.5A CN202111156484A CN113868744A CN 113868744 A CN113868744 A CN 113868744A CN 202111156484 A CN202111156484 A CN 202111156484A CN 113868744 A CN113868744 A CN 113868744A
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关伟
单伶燕
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Research Institute of Highway Ministry of Transport
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
    • G06F30/00—Computer-aided design [CAD]
    • G06F30/10—Geometric CAD
    • G06F30/13—Architectural design, e.g. computer-aided architectural design [CAAD] related to design of buildings, bridges, landscapes, production plants or roads
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
    • E01C—CONSTRUCTION OF, OR SURFACES FOR, ROADS, SPORTS GROUNDS, OR THE LIKE; MACHINES OR AUXILIARY TOOLS FOR CONSTRUCTION OR REPAIR
    • E01C1/00—Design or layout of roads, e.g. for noise abatement, for gas absorption
    • E01C1/002—Design or lay-out of roads, e.g. street systems, cross-sections ; Design for noise abatement, e.g. sunken road
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
    • E01C—CONSTRUCTION OF, OR SURFACES FOR, ROADS, SPORTS GROUNDS, OR THE LIKE; MACHINES OR AUXILIARY TOOLS FOR CONSTRUCTION OR REPAIR
    • E01C7/00—Coherent pavings made in situ
    • E01C7/08—Coherent pavings made in situ made of road-metal and binders
    • E01C7/18—Coherent pavings made in situ made of road-metal and binders of road-metal and bituminous binders
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
    • E01C—CONSTRUCTION OF, OR SURFACES FOR, ROADS, SPORTS GROUNDS, OR THE LIKE; MACHINES OR AUXILIARY TOOLS FOR CONSTRUCTION OR REPAIR
    • E01C7/00—Coherent pavings made in situ
    • E01C7/08—Coherent pavings made in situ made of road-metal and binders
    • E01C7/32—Coherent pavings made in situ made of road-metal and binders of courses of different kind made in situ
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
    • G06F16/00—Information retrieval; Database structures therefor; File system structures therefor
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    • G06F16/24—Querying
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    • G06F16/2458—Special types of queries, e.g. statistical queries, fuzzy queries or distributed queries
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    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
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    • G06F16/2474—Sequence data queries, e.g. querying versioned data
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
    • G06F30/00—Computer-aided design [CAD]
    • G06F30/20—Design optimisation, verification or simulation
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
    • G06F2119/00—Details relating to the type or aim of the analysis or the optimisation
    • G06F2119/14—Force analysis or force optimisation, e.g. static or dynamic forces

Abstract

The invention relates to a method for acquiring road structure mechanical response data under the action of vehicle dynamic load, and belongs to the field of road field long-term performance observation. According to the invention, the mechanical sensor matrix is embedded in the road, and the mechanical data of the internal structure of the road is uninterruptedly obtained in real time at a high sampling frequency of more than 2000 Hz. The collected data is processed by a high-performance front-end data processing unit to realize a series of synchronous processing of dynamic response data detection, low information density data compression and high-frequency and low-frequency data separation. On the basis, after extracting and processing the metadata information of each independent data unit, packaging the metadata information into a standardized data packet with a unique number, and finally forming the road scientific data resource with high availability and credibility.

Description

Method and system for acquiring dynamic mechanical response data of road structure
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of highway management, in particular to a method for acquiring road structure mechanical response data of a field highway under the action of vehicle dynamic load, and formation, management and application of subsequent scientific data resources.
Background
At present, the road science and technology in the world is in the transition development stage, and a road construction and maintenance technical system with the characteristics of 'quickness, smoothness and safety' of the fourth generation gradually develops to the technology of the fifth generation of 'durability, green and intelligence'. Therefore, the accumulation of long-term performance observation data of roads is further enhanced in all developed countries, and a set of complete and detailed road scientific data system is established. And systematically summarizing and researching the evolution rule and decay mechanism of the long-term performance of the highway on the basis, and developing a new generation of highway construction and maintenance technology system.
Meanwhile, China is also facing the problem that a large number of road traffic infrastructures enter the design life end stage and the maintenance concentrated outbreak stage in a concentrated way. However, the highway industry in China still has short boards in the aspects of infrastructure maintenance, performance improvement, service life prolonging and the like based theory and key technology. The system solves a series of bottleneck problems that the observation system of the operation state of the infrastructure is not sound, the basic data is not systematic and the basic theory is not solid, etc., the highway industry in China needs to establish a scientific data system by continuously acquiring the service performance data of the actual highway for a long time so as to form strategic highway data resources and establish a solid data foundation for building a strong traffic country.
The road structure mechanical response characteristics are used as important characteristic data for evaluating road quality and predicting road service life, and are widely applied to the research fields of road mechanical models, inverse calculation methods, principle derivation and the like; however, due to the problems of large data volume, low processing efficiency, limited data transmission link, non-standard data and the like, stable observation data is difficult to obtain systematically and scientifically in the long-term performance observation of the actual road. Therefore, research results such as the obtained road structure model, new technology, new method and the like are difficult to be widely applied to actual work, and systematic scientific data is lacked for validity verification.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a real-time and effective method for acquiring dynamic mechanical response data of a road structure, and solves the problem of scientific convergence of the marine mechanical response data in the long-term performance observation of the field of roads. According to the invention, a mechanical sensor matrix is embedded in a road, and a high-frequency data acquisition unit is adopted for real-time uninterrupted data acquisition so as to obtain complete road structure mechanical response data when a vehicle passes through; the acquired massive response data are stored in a high-speed cache and then processed in real time through a high-performance front-end data processing unit, invalid data are filtered, the effective data density is improved, and the total data transmission amount is reduced; and packaging the processed and refined data by taking single response as a minimum unit, and simultaneously carrying out standardized processing such as data numbering, timestamp calibration, metadata information addition and the like on the data to finally form the road scientific data resource with high availability and credibility.
A method for acquiring dynamic mechanical response data of a road structure comprises the following steps:
high-frequency real-time collection of road structure mechanics data
The mechanical sensor is buried in each structural layer of a road, a signal data line of the mechanical sensor is connected to a high-frequency data acquisition unit after passing through an acquisition channel protection module, working parameters of the data acquisition unit are set, the acquisition frequency of the sensor is set to be high frequency, and the working mode of the acquisition unit is set to be 24-hour uninterrupted acquisition;
filtering low value density data
Calculating the fluctuation rate of the data stream through a dynamic load response detection algorithm, recording the initial time of generating mechanical response for the road structure at the current moment when the fluctuation rate is greater than a set threshold value, and updating the state of the data stream into dynamic response; when the data fluctuation rate is lower than a set threshold value, recording the current time as the response ending time, and updating the data stream state as 'no dynamic response'; compressing the non-response data according to the recorded time and the low-frequency sampling frequency;
processing of mechanical response data
Processing the processed data stream, including: calibrating a data timestamp; separating high-frequency data from low-frequency data, and forming an independent data unit in each response; extracting and processing response data metadata information; extracting and processing basic information of the non-response data;
fourth, data resource encapsulation
And uniformly packaging each independent data unit and metadata information thereof, and numbering according to a standard to form scientific data resources.
The method for calculating the fluctuation rate P of the data stream comprises the following steps:
Figure BDA0003288533560000021
where P is the fluctuation rate of the current data stream, xiIs the real-time data in the dynamic window, and B is the average baseline value of the data stream.
The high frequency is 2000HZ, the low frequency is 1HZ, and the method for compressing the non-response data according to the low-frequency sampling frequency comprises the following steps: averaging the data stream from 0.5s after the end time of each response to 0.5s before the start of the next response according to a 1Hz sampling rate, wherein the formula of the 1Hz sampling rate averaging process is as follows:
Figure BDA0003288533560000022
wherein xjIs the average sampled value of 1s, F is the sampling rate of the high-frequency acquisition unit, xiIs the sensor response data.
The extraction and processing of the response data metadata information comprises the following data information: the data starting time, the data ending time, the number of data sampling points, the data dimension, the data precision, the data base line, the overall mean value of response data, the upper 5% data mean value and the lower 5% data mean value; the extraction and processing of the non-response data metadata information comprises the following data information: data file size, data sampling point number, data dimension and data precision.
The data dimension is the number of sensors plus a data time stamp, and a calculation formula is as follows: m is M +1, wherein M is the number of sensors;
the data baseline calculation formula is as follows:
Figure BDA0003288533560000031
where B is the baseline of the data and N is the single pass5% of the total amount of response data, xiResponding the data to the sensor;
the response data overall mean value calculation formula is as follows:
Figure BDA0003288533560000032
wherein
Figure BDA0003288533560000033
For the overall mean of the response data, M is the total amount of single response data, xiResponding the data to the sensor;
the above 5% data mean calculation formula:
Figure BDA0003288533560000034
wherein
Figure BDA0003288533560000035
Is the upper 5% data mean, N is 5%, x 'of the total amount of single response data'iRanking the top 5% of the data in descending order for sensor response data;
the following 5% data mean calculation formula:
Figure BDA0003288533560000036
wherein
Figure BDA0003288533560000037
Is the mean of the lower 5% data, N is 5% of the total amount of single-response data, x ″)iThe last 5% of the data is sorted in descending order for sensor response data.
The numbers are numbers of the response data resources and the non-response data resources, and comprise the following information: the information such as the observation station, the collection date, the hour time, the response serial number in the hour, the initial data timestamp and the like is collected, and the code is unique.
The method further includes establishing an archival database of the mechanical sensor, the database storage fields including: number, sensor type, model, manufacturer, embedding place, embedding depth, measuring direction, model correction, model parameters, zero position readings, and zero load readings.
The system for acquiring the dynamic mechanical response data of the road structure, which is designed by the method, comprises a data acquisition subsystem, a data processing and temporary storage subsystem and a data processing and packaging subsystem;
the data acquisition subsystem comprises mechanical sensors positioned on each structural layer of a road, an acquisition channel protection module and a high-frequency data acquisition unit, and signal data lines of the mechanical sensors are connected to the high-frequency data acquisition unit through the acquisition channel protection module; the high-frequency data acquisition unit acquires dynamic mechanical response data in the mechanical sensor;
the data processing and temporary storage subsystem comprises a high-performance data processing unit A, a primary cache unit and a secondary cache unit, wherein response data acquired by the high-frequency data acquisition unit is stored in the primary cache unit in a data stream form; the high-performance data processing unit A reads response data from the first-level cache unit, calculates the fluctuation rate of the data stream in real time and updates the state of the data stream at the same time; when a vehicle passes by, when the calculated fluctuation rate is larger than a set threshold value, recording the current time as the initial time of generating mechanical response for the road structure, and updating the data flow state into dynamic response; when the vehicle passes through, the data fluctuation rate is smaller than a set threshold value, the current moment is recorded as the response ending time, and the data flow state is updated to be 'no dynamic response'; carrying out integral average compression on the data from the response ending time to the next response starting time according to a low-frequency sampling rate, and temporarily storing the dynamic response data stream and the data stream without the dynamic response data stream to a second-level cache unit;
the data processing and sealing subsystem comprises a high-performance data processing unit B, and the high-performance data processing unit B reads data from the secondary cache unit and calibrates the timestamp information of the data according to local standard time; separating response data from non-response data according to the recorded response time, wherein the high-frequency response data forms an independent file by taking single response as a unit, and the low-frequency non-response data forms an independent file by taking hours as a unit; extracting basic information in response data and non-response data: the method comprises the following steps of starting time, ending time, the number of data sampling points, data dimension and data precision; calculating data information in the response data: data baseline, response data overall mean, upper 5% data mean, and lower 5% data mean; and uniformly numbering the response data and the non-response data, and packaging the entity data, the basic information and the characteristic information into independent data resource packets.
The mechanical sensor is arranged at the bottom of each structural layer of the road by taking the center line position of a wheel track on the left side of the road as a datum line, the mechanical sensor is buried at the bottom of each structural layer of the road layer by layers, wherein the strain sensor is buried in an asphalt layer and a water stabilization layer in a 2x2 matrix form and used for measuring transverse and longitudinal strain at the bottom of each structural layer when the vehicle passes through, and the stress sensor is buried in all structural layers at the center position of the strain sensor matrix, comprises an asphalt layer, a water stabilization layer and each roadbed layer and is used for measuring the vertical stress at the bottom of each structural layer when the vehicle passes through. Wherein the strain sensors comprise pairs of transverse and vertical strain sensors arranged in a matrix in a T-shape.
The acquisition channel protection module comprises a surge pulse protector, an electromagnetic interference filter, a low-frequency filter and a signal isolator.
The method comprises the following specific steps:
first, establish the sensor file
(1) And the sensing serial number is used for uniformly numbering mechanical sensors to be embedded, including strain sensors and stress sensors, so that the uniqueness of the serial number and the traceability of later data are ensured.
(2) And calibrating the sensors, namely calibrating and calibrating the strain sensors and the stress sensors respectively before embedding.
(3) And recording sensor parameters, namely recording the calibration model, the parameters and the sensor reading in the initial zero state.
Secondly, collecting road structure mechanics data in real time at high frequency
(1) The sensor is buried underground, the position of a central line of a wheel track on the left side of a road is used as a datum line, the mechanical sensor is buried at the bottom of each structural layer of the road layer by layer, wherein the strain sensor is buried in an asphalt layer and a water stabilization layer in a 2x2 matrix form and used for measuring transverse and longitudinal strain of the bottom of the structural layer when a vehicle passes through, and the stress sensor is buried in all structural layers of the central position of the strain sensor matrix and comprises an asphalt layer, a water stabilization layer and roadbed layers and used for measuring the vertical stress of the bottom of the structural layer when the vehicle passes through.
(2) The acquisition channel protection module is installed and used for isolating interference among acquisition channels, eliminating disturbance of a power supply to acquisition signals, avoiding damage of surge pulses to acquisition equipment and inhibiting external electromagnetic interference.
(3) And setting working parameters of a data acquisition unit, setting acquisition frequency of the sensor to be 2000Hz or higher, and setting the working mode of the acquisition unit to be 24-hour uninterrupted acquisition.
(4) And recording the response of the zero-load sensor, and recording the initial response data when no vehicle load exists after the sensor is embedded.
Filtering low-value density data
(1) And temporarily storing the acquired data, namely temporarily storing the mass high-frequency data acquired in real time into a primary high-speed memory in a data stream mode.
(2) Dynamic load response detection, namely recording the time when the fluctuation exceeds a threshold value by detecting the fluctuation of a data stream, and generating a starting time point of mechanical response for a road structure when a vehicle passes through a sensor matrix; and recording the time when the data stream fluctuation is recovered as the time point when the mechanical response is ended.
(3) Compressing the non-response data, averaging the data stream from 0.5s after the end time of each response to 0.5s before the next response, and reducing the sampling frequency of the data to 1Hz, thereby greatly reducing the data volume of the low information density data.
(4) And the data secondary cache is used for pushing the compressed and filtered data stream to a secondary high-speed memory to wait for subsequent processing.
Processing of mechanical response data
(1) And time calibration, namely calibrating the data stream in the secondary cache with local standard time, and correcting corresponding timestamp information to ensure the time accuracy of the acquired data.
(2) And (3) data separation, namely intercepting high-frequency data which is 0.5s before the initial time of each response and 0.5s after the end time in the secondary cache, and simultaneously keeping low-frequency data streams to be independently stored into files by taking each hour as a unit to form non-response data.
(3) In response to the extraction of the basic information of the data, the basic information to be extracted includes: data start time, end time, number of data sampling points, data dimensions, and data accuracy.
(4) Responding to the data characteristic information processing, the characteristic information needing processing calculation comprises: data baseline, overall mean of response data, upper 5% data mean, and lower 5% data mean.
(5) Extracting basic information of the non-response data, wherein the basic information needing to be extracted comprises: data file size, data sampling point number, data dimension and data precision.
Fifthly, data resource encapsulation
(1) And the response data is numbered uniquely, and the format is that the acquisition observation station codes uniformly or is unique English abbreviation + acquisition date (2021-07-08) + hour (24-hour format) + response serial number in the hour + time stamp of initial data.
(2) And (4) packaging the response data resource, packaging the basic information, the characteristic information and the entity data of the response data into independent data packets, and naming the data packets by using the data numbers.
(3) And numbering the non-response data, and uniquely numbering the non-response data in a format of uniformly coding or uniquely and briefly named as + acquisition date (2021-07-08) + hour (24-hour format) by the acquisition observation station.
(4) And (4) packaging the non-response data resource, namely packaging the basic information and the entity data of the non-response data into independent data packets, and naming the data packets by using the data numbers.
The invention has the following effects:
(1) the total amount of data is greatly reduced by compressing the non-responsive data of low information density.
As the dynamic acquisition unit acquires data at the frequency of 2000Hz, a single field observation station generates 30-50 GB data every day, effective response data when vehicles pass are removed in the period, and a large amount of no-load response data exist. The invention separates the data flow, reduces the sampling frequency of the non-response data, thereby greatly reducing the total data amount without losing the effective information of the whole data. The total data would be reduced by about 70% with the same effective data, calculated as 5000 vehicles/day with an average time of 4 seconds for effective response in vehicles.
(2) Synchronization of the dynamic data with the local standard time is ensured by time alignment.
Due to the fact that accumulated errors exist in the clock of the acquisition equipment, large time deviation can be generated after the acquisition equipment works for a long time, data recording is disordered, time synchronization with other data is difficult to achieve, and effective correlation cannot be conducted during subsequent calculation and analysis. According to the invention, by setting time calibration and carrying out real-time correction aiming at single response, the time synchronization problem of long-time data acquisition is effectively solved, and the problem that data cannot be effectively correlated in the subsequent data analysis process is avoided.
(3) High availability of the collected data is ensured by independent standardized packaging of the single-response data and its metadata.
When the dynamic mechanical response data is used for actual field appearance measurement, the dynamic mechanical response data has the characteristics of large data volume, wide spatial distribution, long time span and the like, and a set of systematic and scientific management mechanism is not formed; the data is difficult to trace to the source during later application, and the space and time coordinates of the data cannot be accurately positioned, so that a large amount of data becomes isolated data, and the application value of the data is greatly reduced. According to the method, various basic information and characteristic information of the data are processed in real time to form a set of complete basic metadata, the complete basic metadata and the entity data are subjected to unified standardized independent packaging to form scientific data resources, the problems that follow-up data is difficult to assemble and manage, relevance research and application are difficult to carry out, reliability is poor and the like are effectively solved, and the use value of the data is greatly improved.
Drawings
Figure 1 road structure mechanics sensor layout (top view),
FIG. 2 is a layout diagram (front cross-sectional view) of a road structure mechanics sensor, FIG. 3 is a connection diagram of a sensor data acquisition system,
figure 4 is a flow chart of a method of the present invention,
figure 5 is a flow diagram of the initial sensor acquisition data,
figure 6 is a graph of the single response data after separation,
fig. 7 no response data after separation.
Wherein each reference number is listed below: 1 is a stress sensor, 2 is a transverse strain sensor, and 3 is a longitudinal strain sensor. Wherein, 4 is collection channel protection module, 5 is sensor incoming line terminal, 6 is surge pulse protector, 7 is the suppression electromagnetic interference filter, 8 is low frequency filter, 9 is signal isolator, 10 is high-speed acquisition unit incoming line terminal 10, 11 is high frequency data acquisition unit, 12 is first level cache, 13 is high performance front end data processing unit A, 14 is the second level cache, 15 is high performance front end data processing unit B.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to examples.
The method comprises the following specific processes:
(1) establishing a sensor archive database, wherein the data table storage fields comprise: number, sensor type, model, manufacturer, embedding place, embedding depth, measuring direction, model correction, model parameters, zero position readings, and zero load readings.
(2) Numbering the sensors, creating corresponding sensor files in a database, and inputting the numbers, the types and the models of the sensors and manufacturer information;
(3) adopt to customize the frock and carry out independent demarcation to every sensor to data parameter after will demarcating types sensor archive database, include: correcting the model, the model parameters and the zero position reading;
(4) arranging sensors at corresponding positions of the bottom of each structural layer of a road according to the attached figures 1 and 2, and recording embedded information into a database, wherein the embedded information comprises the following components: embedding place, embedding depth and measuring direction;
the utility model discloses a road structure layer, including the road, the mechanical sensor is arranged the position and is used as the datum line with road left side wheel track area center line position, the mechanical sensor successive layer is buried underground to each structural layer bottom of road, wherein horizontal strain transducer 2 and vertical strain transducer 3 are the T type and arrange and bury underground in pitch layer and water stable layer with 2x2 matrix form for measure this structural layer bottom of the layer horizontal and longitudinal strain when the vehicle passes through, stress transducer 1 buries underground in all structural layers of strain transducer matrix central point position, including the pitch layer, water stable layer and road bed each layer, be used for measuring this structural layer bottom of the layer vertical stress when the vehicle passes through.
(5) Connecting the sensor incoming line terminals 5 to the acquisition channel protection module 4 one by one, and installing the protection module to a high-speed acquisition unit incoming line terminal 10; the acquisition channel protection module comprises a surge pulse protector 6, an electromagnetic interference suppression filter 7, a low-frequency filter 8 and a signal isolator 9 which are sequentially connected.
(6) Setting the acquisition frequency of the high-frequency data acquisition unit 11 to 2000Hz or higher, and simultaneously setting the working mode of the acquisition unit to be 24-hour uninterrupted acquisition;
(7) reading sensor data when no vehicle passes through, and storing the sensor data into a zero load reading field in a sensor archive database;
(8) the high-frequency data acquisition unit 11 stores the sensor data to a first-level cache 12 in a data stream form;
(9) the high-performance front-end data processing unit a13 reads sensor data from the primary cache 12, and calculates the data flow fluctuation rate and the current data flow state in real time by using a fluctuation detection algorithm of dynamic window difference;
Figure BDA0003288533560000081
where P is the fluctuation rate of the current data stream, xiIs the real-time data in the dynamic window, and B is the average baseline value of the data stream.
(10) When the fluctuation rate is larger than a set threshold value, recording the initial time of generating mechanical response for the road structure at the current moment, and updating the data flow state to be dynamic response;
(11) when the data fluctuation rate is stably recovered to be below the threshold value, recording the current time as the time of response ending, and updating the data stream state as 'no dynamic response';
(12) according to the recorded time points, averaging the data streams from 0.5s after the end time of each response to 0.5s before the start of the next response according to the sampling rate of 1 Hz;
1Hz sampling rate average processing formula:
Figure BDA0003288533560000082
wherein xjIs the average sampled value of 1s, F is the sampling rate of the high-frequency acquisition unit, xiResponding the data to the sensor;
(13) the high-performance front-end data processing unit a13 pushes the compressed and filtered data stream to the second-level cache 14;
(14) the high-performance front-end data processing unit B15 calibrates the time stamp information of the data according to the local standard time;
(15) the high-performance front-end data processing unit B15 separates the response data from the non-response data according to the recorded response time, the high-frequency response data forms an independent file with a single response as a unit, and the low-frequency non-response data forms an independent file with an hour as a unit;
(16) extracting basic information in response data: the method comprises the following steps of starting time, ending time, the number of data sampling points, data dimension (the number of sensors is +1) and data precision;
(17) calculating characteristic information in the response data: data baseline, response data overall mean, upper 5% data mean, and lower 5% data mean;
data baseline calculation formula:
Figure BDA0003288533560000083
where B is the data baseline, N is 5% of the total single response data, xiResponding the data to the sensor;
response data ensemble mean calculation formula:
Figure BDA0003288533560000084
wherein
Figure BDA0003288533560000085
For the overall mean of the response data, M is the total amount of single response data, xiResponding the data to the sensor;
mean of the upper 5% data calculation formula:
Figure BDA0003288533560000086
wherein
Figure BDA0003288533560000087
Is the upper 5% data mean, N is 5%, x 'of the total amount of single response data'iRanking the top 5% of the data in descending order for sensor response data;
the following 5% data mean calculation formula:
Figure BDA0003288533560000091
wherein
Figure BDA0003288533560000092
Is the mean of the lower 5% data, N is 5% of the total amount of single-response data, x ″)i5% of the sensor response data are sorted in descending order;
(18) uniformly numbering the response data, and packaging the entity data, the basic information and the characteristic information into independent data resource packets;
(19) extracting basic information in the non-response data: the data file size, the number of data sampling points, the data dimension and the data precision;
the data dimension is a calculation formula: m +1, where M is the number of sensors.
(20) And uniformly numbering the non-response data, and packaging the entity data and the basic information into independent data resource packets.
Taking dynamic response data of a certain field observation station as an example, the observation station passes vehicles 5831 times every day, the road structure comprises 2 layers of asphalt structure layers, 3 layers of water-stable structure layers and 2 layers of roadbed structure layers, 47 mechanical sensors are buried in the observation station, the collection frequency is 2000Hz, and the total data generation amount is about 34GB every day.
According to the invention, the specific implementation steps are as follows:
(1) establishing a sensor file database, calibrating, burying and initially reading the sensor, and storing related information into the database as follows:
Figure BDA0003288533560000093
(2) connecting the 47 sensor wiring ends to the sensor wiring terminals of the acquisition channel protection module one by one, and then connecting the wire outlet terminals of the acquisition channel protection module with the wire inlet terminals of the high-frequency data acquisition unit;
(3) after the acquisition device is connected, the acquisition frequency of the high-frequency data acquisition unit is set to 2000Hz, and meanwhile, the working mode is set to be 24-hour uninterrupted acquisition;
(4) after the high-frequency data acquisition unit stores the sensor data to the primary cache in a data stream form, the high-performance data processing unit reads the sensor data from the primary cache, calculates the fluctuation rate of the data stream in real time and updates the state of the data stream at the current moment;
(5) when the vehicle passes by, calculating the fluctuation rate to be 0.08 and larger than a set threshold value to be 0.05, recording the starting time of generating mechanical response for the road structure at the current moment of 7:14:36.254, and updating the data flow state to be dynamic response;
(6) after the vehicle passes through, the data fluctuation rate is stably recovered to 0.001 and is smaller than a set threshold value, the current time 7:14:37.978 is recorded as response ending time, and the data flow state is updated to be 'no dynamic response';
(7) according to the recorded time point, the next response starting time is 7:21:15.470, the data of 7:14:38.478-7:21:14.970 are subjected to ensemble averaging according to the sampling rate of 1Hz, and the data are stored into a data stream and pushed to a secondary cache;
(8) the high-performance data processing unit performs time calibration on the timestamp information of the data stream according to local standard time;
(9) the high-performance data processing unit separates high-frequency response data from low-frequency non-response data according to the recorded response time, the high-frequency response data forms an independent file by taking single response as a unit, and the low-frequency non-response data forms an independent file by taking hours as a unit;
(10) extracting basic information of a single response: the starting time is 7:14:35.754, the ending time is 7:14:38.478, the number of data sampling points is 5448, the data dimension is 48, and the data precision is 0.001;
(11) calculating characteristic information of single response: data baseline 4.52, response data overall mean 5.02, upper 5% data mean 6.38, and lower 5% data mean 4.27;
(12) uniformly numbering the single response data, and packaging the entity data, the basic information and the characteristic information into independent data resource packets; HLJ01_2020-09-29_07_5_ 1548547296060.
(13) Extracting basic information of the non-response data: the data file size is 12.5KB, the number of data sampling points 2628, the data dimension 48 and the data precision is 0.001;
(14) uniformly numbering the non-response data, and packaging the entity data and the basic information into independent data resource packets; HLJ01_2020-09-29_ 07.

Claims (10)

1. A method for acquiring dynamic mechanical response data of a road structure comprises the following steps:
high-frequency real-time collection of road structure mechanics data
The mechanical sensor is buried in each structural layer of a road, a signal data line of the mechanical sensor is connected to a high-frequency data acquisition unit after passing through an acquisition channel protection module, working parameters of the data acquisition unit are set, the acquisition frequency of the sensor is set to be high frequency, and the working mode of the acquisition unit is set to be 24-hour uninterrupted acquisition;
filtering low value density data
Calculating the fluctuation rate of the data stream through a dynamic load response detection algorithm, recording the initial time of generating mechanical response for the road structure at the current moment when the fluctuation rate is greater than a set threshold value, and updating the state of the data stream into dynamic response; when the data fluctuation rate is lower than a set threshold value, recording the current time as the response ending time, and updating the data stream state as 'no dynamic response'; compressing the non-response data according to the recorded time and the low-frequency sampling frequency;
processing of mechanical response data
Processing the processed data stream, including: calibrating a data timestamp; separating high-frequency data from low-frequency data, and forming an independent data unit in each response; extracting and processing response data metadata information; extracting and processing basic information of the non-response data;
fourth, data resource encapsulation
And uniformly packaging each independent data unit and metadata information thereof, and numbering according to a standard to form scientific data resources.
2. The acquisition method according to claim 1, wherein the data flow fluctuation rate P is calculated by:
Figure FDA0003288533550000011
where P is the fluctuation rate of the current data stream, xiIs the real-time data in the dynamic window, and B is the average baseline value of the data stream.
3. The acquisition method according to claim 1, wherein the high frequency is 2000HZ, the low frequency is 1HZ, and the method for compressing the unresponsive data according to the low frequency sampling frequency comprises: averaging the data stream from 0.5s after the end time of each response to 0.5s before the start of the next response according to a 1Hz sampling rate, wherein the formula of the 1Hz sampling rate averaging process is as follows:
Figure FDA0003288533550000012
wherein xjIs the average sampled value of 1s, F is the sampling rate of the high-frequency acquisition unit, xiAs sensor response data。
4. The acquisition method according to claim 1, wherein the response data metadata information extraction process includes the following data information: the data starting time, the data ending time, the number of data sampling points, the data dimension, the data precision, the data base line, the overall mean value of response data, the upper 5% data mean value and the lower 5% data mean value; the extraction and processing of the non-response data metadata information comprises the following data information: data file size, data sampling point number, data dimension and data precision.
5. The acquisition method according to claim 1,
the data dimension is the number of sensors plus a data time stamp, and a calculation formula is as follows: m is M +1, wherein M is the number of sensors;
the data baseline calculation formula is as follows:
Figure FDA0003288533550000021
where B is the data baseline, N is 5% of the total single response data, xiResponding the data to the sensor;
the response data overall mean value calculation formula is as follows:
Figure FDA0003288533550000022
wherein
Figure FDA0003288533550000023
For the overall mean of the response data, M is the total amount of single response data, xiResponding the data to the sensor;
the above 5% data mean calculation formula:
Figure FDA0003288533550000024
wherein
Figure FDA0003288533550000025
Is the mean of the upper 5% data, and N is the total amount of single response data5％，x′iRanking the top 5% of the data in descending order for sensor response data;
the following 5% data mean calculation formula:
Figure FDA0003288533550000026
wherein
Figure FDA0003288533550000027
Is the mean of the lower 5% data, N is 5% of the total amount of single-response data, x ″)iThe last 5% of the data is sorted in descending order for sensor response data.
6. The acquisition method according to claim 1, wherein the numbers are numbers of responsive data resources and non-responsive data resources, and include the following information: the information such as the observation station, the collection date, the hour time, the response serial number in the hour, the initial data timestamp and the like is collected, and the code is unique.
7. The acquisition method according to claim 1, further comprising building an archival database of mechanical sensors, the database storage fields comprising: number, sensor type, model, manufacturer, embedding place, embedding depth, measuring direction, model correction, model parameters, zero position readings, and zero load readings.
8. The acquisition system of the dynamic mechanical response data of the road structure designed according to any one of the acquisition methods of claims 1 to 7, comprising a data acquisition subsystem, a data processing and temporary storage subsystem, and a data processing and packaging subsystem;
the data acquisition subsystem comprises mechanical sensors positioned on each structural layer of a road, an acquisition channel protection module and a high-frequency data acquisition unit, and signal data lines of the mechanical sensors are connected to the high-frequency data acquisition unit through the acquisition channel protection module; the high-frequency data acquisition unit acquires dynamic mechanical response data in the mechanical sensor;
the data processing and temporary storage subsystem comprises a high-performance data processing unit A, a primary cache unit and a secondary cache unit, wherein response data acquired by the high-frequency data acquisition unit is stored in the primary cache unit in a data stream form; the high-performance data processing unit A reads response data from the first-level cache unit, calculates the fluctuation rate of the data stream in real time and updates the state of the data stream; when a vehicle passes by, when the calculated fluctuation rate is larger than a set threshold value, recording the current time as the initial time of generating mechanical response for the road structure, and updating the data flow state into dynamic response; when the vehicle passes through, the data fluctuation rate is smaller than a set threshold value, the current moment is recorded as the response ending time, and the data flow state is updated to be 'no dynamic response'; carrying out integral average compression on the data from the response ending time to the next response starting time according to a low-frequency sampling rate, and temporarily storing the dynamic response data stream and the data stream without the dynamic response data stream to a second-level cache unit;
the data processing and sealing subsystem comprises a high-performance data processing unit B, and the data processing unit B reads data from the secondary cache unit and calibrates the timestamp information of the data according to local standard time; separating response data from non-response data according to the recorded response time, wherein the high-frequency response data forms an independent file by taking single response as a unit, and the low-frequency non-response data forms an independent file by taking hours as a unit; extracting basic information in response data and non-response data: the method comprises the following steps of starting time, ending time, the number of data sampling points, data dimension and data precision; calculating data information in the response data: data baseline, response data overall mean, upper 5% data mean, and lower 5% data mean; and uniformly numbering the response data and the non-response data, and packaging the entity data, the basic information and the characteristic information into independent data resource packets.
9. The acquisition system according to claim 8, wherein the arrangement position of the mechanical sensors is based on the central line position of a left side wheel track belt of a road, the mechanical sensors are buried at the bottom of each structural layer of the road layer by layer, the strain sensors are buried in an asphalt layer and a water stabilization layer in a 2x2 matrix form and used for measuring the transverse and longitudinal strain of the bottom of each structural layer when a vehicle passes through, the strain sensors are buried in all the structural layers of the central position of the strain sensor matrix, including the asphalt layer, the water stabilization layer and each roadbed layer, and used for measuring the vertical stress of the bottom of each structural layer when the vehicle passes through, the strain sensors comprise paired transverse strain sensors and vertical strain sensors, and the transverse strain sensors and the vertical strain sensors are arranged in a T shape in the matrix.
10. The acquisition system according to claim 8, said acquisition channel protection module comprising a surge pulse protector, an electromagnetic interference rejection filter, a low frequency filter and a signal isolator connected in series.
CN202111156484.5A 2021-09-30 2021-09-30 Method and system for acquiring dynamic mechanical response data of road structure Pending CN113868744A (en)

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Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN114720718A (en) * 2022-03-18 2022-07-08 安徽省公路桥梁工程有限公司 Pavement speed measuring method
CN115031620A (en) * 2022-06-07 2022-09-09 山东高速工程检测有限公司 Bridge monitoring method and device based on wireless low-power-consumption multi-channel acquisition technology

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN114720718A (en) * 2022-03-18 2022-07-08 安徽省公路桥梁工程有限公司 Pavement speed measuring method
CN115031620A (en) * 2022-06-07 2022-09-09 山东高速工程检测有限公司 Bridge monitoring method and device based on wireless low-power-consumption multi-channel acquisition technology

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