CN113863205A

CN113863205A - Gravity impact type multi-cutter ice chopping device

Info

Publication number: CN113863205A
Application number: CN202111091181.XA
Authority: CN
Inventors: 刘文武; 刘宏新; 李沙
Original assignee: Northeast Agricultural University
Current assignee: Northeast Agricultural University
Priority date: 2021-09-17
Filing date: 2021-09-17
Publication date: 2021-12-31
Anticipated expiration: 2041-09-17
Also published as: CN113863205B

Abstract

A gravity impact type multi-cutter ice chopping device belongs to municipal machinery; the device comprises a gravity impact mechanism which is arranged on a base plate and consists of a frame type slide way, an inclined stay bar, a vertical guide rod, a pressure spring, an upper base plate, a speed reducer, a driving cylindrical gear, a cam shaft, a driven cylindrical gear, a cam, a motor, an abrasion-resistant plate, a driving plate, an upper connecting rod, a lower connecting rod, a guide control frame, an ear plate, a weight block, a fixed pulley, a suspender, a movable pulley, a steel wire rope, a cross web member and an inclined web member, and a multi-cutter ice chopping mechanism which consists of an arc-shaped rod, an arc-shaped cutter disc frame, an arc-shaped plate, a left pin shaft, a right pin shaft, a rubber arc-shaped cover plate A, B, C, a pressure spring A, B, C and a A, B, C type ice chopping cutter; the ice chopping knife with different cutting edge included angles and the different rigidity pressure springs matched with the ice chopping knife can be adopted according to the difference of the thickness and the strength of the ice and snow layer, the ice and snow layer can be cleared with high quality, high efficiency and low consumption, the road surface is not damaged, the structure is novel, unique and reasonable, the adjustment is simple and convenient, and the adaptability is strong.

Description

Gravity impact type multi-cutter ice chopping device

Technical Field

The invention belongs to municipal machinery, and mainly relates to a gravity impact type multi-cutter ice chopping device.

Background

At present, with the increasingly prominent climate problems, the snowfall amount, the snowfall density and the low-temperature time in the northeast of China are constantly changed, the snowfall cannot be melted for a long time, and then the snowfall layer is gradually thickened under the compaction action of vehicles and human walking, so that the safety risk is increased. The existing deicing machines are various in forms, different in deicing effects, strong in adhesion between an ice layer and the ground, and capable of separating the ice layer from the ground only by breaking the adhesion, so that the deicing direction and the force application magnitude are required, and the road surface can be damaged if the force is too large, so that the existing deicing machines can conduct forced deicing along the ice layer direction or the tangential direction. The ice layer is hard, the ice chopping mode is that a cutter is in contact with the ice layer in the vertical direction, the resistance is small, but the requirement on the magnitude of applied force is strong, the icing conditions of different road sections are different, and the effect of effectively chopping ice cannot be achieved by a single cutter and force.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to solve the problems in the prior art and provides a gravity impact type multi-cutter ice chopping device which impacts various cutters by utilizing the gravity of a heavy object and achieves the aims of small damage to a road surface, low operation power consumption, good ice chopping quality, high operation efficiency and strong adaptability by adjusting and selecting a spring with proper rigidity.

The invention aims to realize the purposes that a through hole is arranged at the central part of a base plate, four frame type slideways are symmetrically and fixedly arranged at the positions on the upper end surface of the base plate and the outer sides of the through hole respectively, sliding shafts are movably inserted and arranged in the four frame type slideways respectively, an inclined stay bar and a vertical guide rod are fixedly arranged at the positions on the upper end surface of the base plate and the inner sides of the four frame type slideways respectively, the upper end of the inclined stay bar is fixedly connected with the vertical guide rod, and fixed pulleys are fixedly arranged on the side parts of the inner ends of the four frame type slideways respectively; the upper end face of the vertical guide rod is fixedly supported with an upper seat plate, the upper end face of the upper seat plate is fixedly provided with a speed reducer and a motor, a motor shaft of the motor is connected with a power input shaft of the speed reducer through a transmission shaft, a cam shaft and the transmission shaft are vertically and rotatably arranged on the upper end face of the upper seat plate, a cam and a driven cylindrical gear are fixedly arranged on the cam shaft, a driving cylindrical gear is fixedly arranged on a power output shaft of the speed reducer, the driving cylindrical gear is meshed with the driven cylindrical gear, a driving plate is sleeved on the vertical guide rod and positioned below the upper seat plate in a vertically movable mode, a pressure spring is sleeved on the vertical guide rod, the upper end of the pressure spring is tightly contacted with the lower end face of the driving plate, and the lower end of the pressure spring is arranged on the vertical guide rodPositioning, wherein an abrasion-resistant plate is fixedly arranged on the upper end face of the driving plate, the abrasion-resistant plate is tightly contacted with the cam, four upper connecting rods are fixedly arranged on the central part of the lower end face of the driving plate respectively, the upper ends and the lower ends of the lower connecting rods are hinged with the corresponding upper connecting rods and the sliding shaft respectively, a cross web member is fixedly arranged between the upper ends of longitudinally front and rear adjacent diagonal braces, and a diagonal web member is fixedly arranged on the position between the longitudinally front and rear adjacent diagonal braces in a crossed manner; a guide control frame is fixedly arranged on the lower end face of the base plate below the central through hole, a heavy block is vertically assembled on the guide control frame through an ear plate, suspenders are fixedly arranged on the lower end face of the base plate outside the two sides of the guide control frame respectively, a movable pulley is hung on the lower side portion of the suspender, a steel wire rope is wound on a fixed pulley and the movable pulley, two ends of the steel wire rope are connected with the ear plate and a sliding shaft respectively, arc-shaped rods are fixedly arranged on the lower end face of the base plate and on the front and back of the lower portion of the heavy block respectively, an arc-shaped cutter head is movably arranged on the arc-shaped rods, the arc-shaped cutter head is adjusted and positioned on the arc-shaped rods by inserting and matching a right pin shaft, a left pin shaft and a positioning and adjusting pin hole on the arc-shaped cutter head, the arc-shaped plate is fixedly arranged on the arc-shaped cutter head, and a rubber arc-shaped cover plate A, a rubber arc-shaped cover plate B and a rubber arc-shaped cover plate C are fixedly arranged on the arc-shaped cutter head in turn, the A type ice chopping knife, the B type ice chopping knife and the C type ice chopping knife are respectively inserted and matched on the rubber arc-shaped cover plate A, the rubber arc-shaped cover plate B and the rubber arc-shaped cover plate C, the lower side parts of the A type ice chopping knife, the B type ice chopping knife and the C type ice chopping knife are all exposed outside the lower side of the arc-shaped plate, and the cutting edge included angle alpha of the B type ice chopping knife₁Edge included angle alpha of C-shaped ice chopping knife₂Edge angle alpha of A type ice chopping knife₃Angle value of in turn alpha₂<α₁<α₃And a pressure spring A, a pressure spring B and a pressure spring C are fixedly arranged on the upper surface of the arc plate and the lower surfaces of the upper walls of the rubber arc cover plate A, the rubber arc cover plate B and the rubber arc cover plate C in sequence respectively, and the rigidity values of the pressure spring A, the pressure spring B and the pressure spring C are increased in sequence, so that the gravity impact type multi-cutter ice chopping device is formed.

The ice chopping knife can pertinently select ice chopping knives with different cutting edge included angles and pressure springs with different rigidity matched with the ice chopping knives according to the thickness and the strength of ice and snow layers on a road surface, is scientific, reasonable, high in quality, high in efficiency and low in power consumption, can clear different ice and snow layers, does not damage the road surface, and has the characteristics of novel, unique and reasonable structure, simplicity, convenience and rapidness in adjustment, wide application range, strong adaptability, high operation efficiency, good quality, low power consumption and reliability in use.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the general structure of a gravity impact type multi-cutter ice chopping device;

FIG. 2 is a right side view of FIG. 1;

FIG. 3 is a top view of FIG. 1;

fig. 4 is an enlarged view of a portion a in fig. 1.

Description of part numbers in the figures:

1. base plate, 2, frame type slideway, 3, diagonal brace, 4, vertical guide rod, 5, pressure spring, 6, upper seat plate, 7, reducer, 8, driving cylindrical gear, 9, cam, 10, camshaft, 11, motor, 12, wear-resisting plate, 13, driving plate, 14, upper connecting rod, 15, lower connecting rod, 16, guide control frame, 17, weight, 18, ear plate, 19, arc-shaped rod, 20, positioning adjusting pin hole, 21, arc-shaped cutter frame, 22, movable pulley, 23, right pin shaft, 24, wire rope, 25, pressure spring A, 26, A type ice chopping cutter, 27, B type ice chopping cutter, 28, pressure spring B, 29, C type ice chopping cutter, 30, pressure spring C, 31, left pin shaft, 32, suspender, 33, fixed pulley, 34, sliding shaft, 35, transmission shaft, 36, driven cylindrical gear, 37, arc-shaped plate, 38, rubber arc-shaped A, 39, diagonal web rod, 40, Cross web members 41, rubber arc cover plates B and 42 and rubber arc cover plate C.

Detailed Description

The following detailed description of the inventive embodiments is provided in connection with the accompanying drawings. A gravity impact type multi-cutter ice chopping device is characterized in that a through hole is formed in the center of a base plate 1, four frame type slideways 2 are symmetrically and fixedly arranged on the upper end face of the base plate 1 and at the positions outside the through hole respectively, sliding shafts 34 are movably inserted and arranged in the four frame type slideways 2 respectively, inclined support rods 3 are fixedly arranged on the upper end face of the base plate 1 and at the positions inside the four frame type slideways 2 respectively, and the inclined support rods and the vertical supports standThe upper ends of the inclined supporting rods 3 are fixedly connected with the vertical guide rods 4, and fixed pulleys 33 are fixedly arranged on the side parts of the inner ends of the four frame type slideways 2 respectively; an upper seat plate 6 is fixedly supported on the upper end surface of the vertical guide rod 4, a speed reducer 7 and a motor 11 are fixedly arranged on the upper end surface of the upper seat plate 6, a motor shaft of the motor 11 is connected with a power input shaft of the speed reducer 7 through a transmission shaft 35, a cam shaft 10 is vertically and rotatably arranged on the upper end surface of the upper seat plate 6 with the transmission shaft 35, a cam 9 and a driven cylindrical gear 36 are fixedly arranged on the cam shaft 10, a driving cylindrical gear 8 is fixedly arranged on a power output shaft of the speed reducer 7, the driving cylindrical gear 8 is meshed with the driven cylindrical gear 36, a driving plate 13 is sleeved on the vertical guide rod 4 and positioned below the upper seat plate 6 in a vertically movable manner, a pressure spring 5 is sleeved on the vertical guide rod 4, the upper end of the pressure spring 5 is tightly contacted with the lower end surface of the driving plate 13, and the lower end of the pressure spring 5 is axially positioned on the vertical guide rod 4, an abrasion-resistant plate 12 is fixedly installed on the upper end face of the driving plate 13, the abrasion-resistant plate 12 is tightly contacted with the cam 9, four upper connecting rods 14 are fixedly installed on the central part of the lower end face of the driving plate 13 respectively, the upper end and the lower end of each lower connecting rod 15 are hinged with the corresponding upper connecting rod 14 and the corresponding sliding shaft 34 respectively, a cross web member 40 is fixedly installed between the upper ends of longitudinally front and rear adjacent diagonal braces 3, and a diagonal web member 39 is fixedly installed on the position between the longitudinally front and rear adjacent diagonal braces 3 in a crossed manner; a guide control frame 16 is fixedly arranged on the lower end surface of the base plate 1 below the central through hole, a weight 17 is vertically movably assembled on the guide control frame 16 through an ear plate 18, a suspension rod 32 is fixedly arranged on the outer portions of two sides of the guide control frame 16 on the lower end surface of the base plate 1 respectively, a movable pulley 22 is hung on the lower side portion of the suspension rod 32, a steel wire rope 24 is wound on a fixed pulley 33 and the movable pulley 22, two ends of the steel wire rope 24 are respectively connected with the ear plate 18 and a sliding shaft 34, an arc-shaped rod 19 is fixedly arranged on the lower end surface of the base plate 1 and at the front and back of the lower portion of the weight 17 respectively and oppositely, the arc-shaped cutter disc frame 21 is movably arranged on the arc-shaped rod 19, the arc-shaped cutter disc frame 21 is adjusted and positioned on the arc-shaped rod 19 by utilizing the insertion and matching of a right pin shaft 23, a left pin shaft 31 and a positioning adjusting pin hole 20 on the arc-shaped rod 19, the arc-shaped plate 37 is fixedly arranged on the arc-shaped cutter disc frame 21, fixedly arranged on the arc-shaped plate 37 in sequenceRubber arc cover plate A38, rubber arc cover plate B41 and rubber arc cover plate C42, A type ice chopper 26, B type ice chopper 27 and C type ice chopper 29 are inserted respectively and are joined in marriage on rubber arc cover plate A38, rubber arc cover plate B41 and rubber arc cover plate C42, the lower side portion that A type ice chopper 26, B type ice chopper 27 and C type ice chopper 29 all exposes outside below arc 37, the blade contained angle alpha of B type ice chopper 27₁Cutting edge included angle alpha of C-shaped ice chopping knife 29₂Edge angle alpha of A type ice chopping knife 26₃Angle value of in turn alpha₂<α₁<α₃A pressure spring A25, a pressure spring B28 and a pressure spring C30 are fixedly arranged on the upper surface of the arc plate 37 and the lower surfaces of the upper walls of the rubber arc cover plate A38, the rubber arc cover plate B41 and the rubber arc cover plate C42 in sequence, and the rigidity values of the pressure spring A25, the pressure spring B28 and the pressure spring C30 are increased in sequence.

When ice chopping operation is carried out, the rotary power of the motor 11 sequentially passes through the transmission shaft 35, the speed reducer 7, the driving cylindrical gear 8, the driven cylindrical gear 36 and the cam shaft 10 to drive the cam 9 to rotate, the lifting section of the rotating cam 9 pushes the driving plate 13 to move downwards and parallelly on the vertical guide rod 4 through the wear plate 12, the pressure spring 5 is squeezed and compressed, meanwhile, the upper connecting rod 14 drives the lower connecting rod 15 to move outwards on the frame type slideway 2 through the sliding shaft 34, the steel wire rope 24 is supported by the fixed pulley 33 and the movable pulley 22, the weight 17 is lifted upwards on the guide control frame 16 through the ear plate 18, when the cam 9 rotates to the return section, the driving plate 13 rapidly moves upwards under the combined action of the pressure spring 5 and the gravity of the weight 17, at the moment, the weight 17 falls down in an accelerating way under the combined action of the self gravity and the pressure of the pressure spring 5, and then impacts the top of the B-type ice chopping knife 27 to complete one ice chopping action, thereafter, the above operation cycle is continuously repeated again. When the thickness of the ice and snow layer is thinner or thicker, the arc-shaped cutter disc frame 21 is moved on the arc-shaped rod 19, the A-type ice chopping cutter 26 or the C-type ice chopping cutter 29 is adjusted to be under the weight 17 through the arc-shaped plate 37, and the arc-shaped cutter disc frame 21 is locked on the arc-shaped rod 19 through the left pin shaft 31 and the right pin shaft 23. Because the included angles of the cutting edges of the three ice chopping knives are alpha₁、α₂、α₃Different from the rigidity of the pressure spring A, B, C, so the same impact on the same weightUnder the action of the striking force, the three types of ice chopping are different in cutting depth into the ice and snow layer, the requirements of different ice and snow layer ice chopping are met and adapted, the dynamic consumption is reasonable, the operation quality is good, the efficiency is high, and the road surface is not damaged.

Claims

1. The utility model provides a gravity striking formula multitool chops ice device which characterized in that: a through hole is formed in the center of a base plate (1), four frame type slideways (2) are symmetrically and fixedly arranged on the upper end face of the base plate (1) and at the positions outside the through hole respectively, sliding shafts (34) are movably inserted and arranged in the four frame type slideways (2), an inclined stay bar (3) and a vertical guide rod (4) are fixedly arranged on the upper end face of the base plate (1) and at the positions inside the four frame type slideways (2) respectively, the upper end of the inclined stay bar (3) is fixedly connected with the vertical guide rod (4), and fixed pulleys (33) are fixedly arranged on the side parts of the inner ends of the four frame type slideways (2); an upper seat plate (6) is fixedly supported and fixedly installed on the upper end surface of the vertical guide rod (4), a speed reducer (7) and a motor (11) are fixedly installed on the upper end surface of the upper seat plate (6), a motor shaft of the motor (11) is connected with a power input shaft of the speed reducer (7) through a transmission shaft (35), a cam shaft (10) and the transmission shaft (35) are vertically and rotatably installed on the upper end surface of the upper seat plate (6), a cam (9) and a driven cylindrical gear (36) are fixedly installed on the cam shaft (10), a driving cylindrical gear (8) is fixedly installed on a power output shaft of the speed reducer (7), the driving cylindrical gear (8) is meshed with the driven cylindrical gear (36), a driving plate (13) is sleeved on the vertical guide rod (4) and positioned below the upper seat plate (6) in a vertically movable mode, a pressure spring (5) is sleeved on the vertical guide rod (4), the upper end of the pressure spring (5) is tightly contacted with the lower end face of the drive plate (13), the lower end of the pressure spring (5) is axially positioned on the vertical guide rod (4), an abrasion-resistant plate (12) is fixedly arranged on the upper end face of the drive plate (13), the abrasion-resistant plate (12) is tightly contacted with the cam (9), four upper connecting rods (14) are fixedly arranged on the central part of the lower end face of the drive plate (13) respectively, the upper end and the lower end of the lower connecting rod (15) are hinged with the corresponding upper connecting rod (14) and the sliding shaft (34) respectively, a transverse web member (40) is fixedly arranged between the upper ends of longitudinally front and rear adjacent diagonal braces (3), and a crossed inclined web member (39) is fixedly arranged on the part between the longitudinally front and rear adjacent diagonal braces (3); in the above-mentionedThe arc-shaped cutter holder is characterized in that a guide control frame (16) is fixedly arranged on the lower end face of a base plate (1) and positioned below a central through hole, a weight (17) is assembled on the guide control frame (16) through an ear plate (18) in a vertically movable mode, suspenders (32) are fixedly arranged on the outer portions of two sides of the guide control frame (16) on the lower end face of the base plate (1), a movable pulley (22) is hung on the lower side portion of the suspenders (32), a steel wire rope (24) is wound on a fixed pulley (33) and the movable pulley (22), two ends of the steel wire rope (24) are respectively connected with the ear plate (18) and a sliding shaft (34), arc-shaped rods (19) are fixedly arranged on the lower end face of the base plate (1) and on the lower portion of the weight (17) in a front-back opposite mode, the arc-shaped cutter holder (21) is movably arranged on the arc-shaped rods (19), and the arc-shaped cutter holder (21) is inserted into the arc-shaped cutter holder (19) through the insertion fit of positioning adjusting pin holes (20) on a right pin shaft (23), a left pin shaft (31) and a left pin (19) ) Go up and adjust the location, arc (37) admittedly are installed on arc blade tray frame (21) admittedly install rubber arc cover plate A (38), rubber arc cover plate B (41) and rubber arc cover plate C (42) on arc (37) in proper order, and ice skate (26) is chopped to A type, ice skate (27) is chopped to B type and C type chop ice skate (29) and insert respectively and join in marriage on rubber arc cover plate A (38), rubber arc cover plate B (41) and rubber arc cover plate C (42), the lower side portion that ice skate (26), ice skate (27) is chopped to B type and C type chop ice skate (29) all exposes outside below arc (37), the blade contained angle alpha of ice skate (27) is chopped to B type₁The included angle alpha of the cutting edge of the C-shaped ice chopping knife (29)₂Edge angle alpha of A type ice chopping knife (26)₃Angle value of in turn alpha₂<α₁<α₃And a pressure spring A (25), a pressure spring B (28) and a pressure spring C (30) are respectively fixedly arranged on the upper surface of the arc plate (37) and the lower surfaces of the upper walls of the rubber arc cover plate A (38), the rubber arc cover plate B (41) and the rubber arc cover plate C (42) in sequence, and the rigidity values of the pressure spring A (25), the pressure spring B (28) and the pressure spring C (30) are sequentially increased.