CN113862541A - Tungsten alloy and preparation method thereof - Google Patents

Tungsten alloy and preparation method thereof Download PDF

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Publication number
CN113862541A
CN113862541A CN202111140436.7A CN202111140436A CN113862541A CN 113862541 A CN113862541 A CN 113862541A CN 202111140436 A CN202111140436 A CN 202111140436A CN 113862541 A CN113862541 A CN 113862541A
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China
Prior art keywords
tungsten
powder
tungsten alloy
alloy
injection molding
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CN202111140436.7A
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
李志希
唐祚南
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Guangxi Chentian Hengyuan Metal Products Co ltd
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Guangxi Chentian Hengyuan Metal Products Co ltd
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Priority to CN202111140436.7A priority Critical patent/CN113862541A/en
Publication of CN113862541A publication Critical patent/CN113862541A/en
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C27/00—Alloys based on rhenium or a refractory metal not mentioned in groups C22C14/00 or C22C16/00
    • C22C27/04—Alloys based on tungsten or molybdenum
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F3/00—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the manner of compacting or sintering; Apparatus specially adapted therefor ; Presses and furnaces
    • B22F3/22—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the manner of compacting or sintering; Apparatus specially adapted therefor ; Presses and furnaces for producing castings from a slip
    • B22F3/225—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the manner of compacting or sintering; Apparatus specially adapted therefor ; Presses and furnaces for producing castings from a slip by injection molding
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C1/00—Making non-ferrous alloys
    • C22C1/04—Making non-ferrous alloys by powder metallurgy
    • C22C1/045—Alloys based on refractory metals

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Powder Metallurgy (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a tungsten alloy and a preparation method thereof, belonging to the technical field of tungsten alloy processing. The tungsten alloy is prepared from the following raw materials in percentage by mass: 80-88% of tungsten powder, 4-8% of nickel powder and 8-12% of copper powder. The invention also discloses a preparation method of the tungsten alloy. The tungsten alloy of the invention has excellent performance and the density of 16g/cm3The hardness is HRC11-15, which meets the requirement of the market for low-hardness tungsten alloy material.

Description

Tungsten alloy and preparation method thereof
Technical Field
The invention relates to a tungsten alloy and a preparation method thereof, belonging to the technical field of tungsten alloy processing.
Background
In the prior art, the density of the tungsten alloy material is 17g/cm3The hardness is HRC24-36, the material of the conventional tungsten alloy ball is 95W-3.5Ni-1.5Fe, and the hardness is about HRC 30. The current market has special requirements on the material of the low-hardness tungsten alloy, and the density is required to be 16g/cm3The hardness is HRC 11-15. There is a conflict between such a low hardness requirement and a relatively high density requirement, and there is no material that satisfies such a requirement at present.
In view of the above, there is a need to provide a new tungsten alloy and a method for preparing the same, which overcome the deficiencies of the prior art.
Disclosure of Invention
One of the objects of the present invention is to provide a tungsten alloy.
The technical scheme for solving the technical problems is as follows: the tungsten alloy is prepared from the following raw materials in percentage by mass: 80-88% of tungsten powder, 4-8% of nickel powder and 8-12% of copper powder.
The principle of the tungsten alloy of the invention is as follows:
in the prior art, the tungsten alloy is prepared from the following raw materials in percentage by mass: 95 percent of tungsten powder, 3.5 percent of nickel powder and 1.5 percent of iron powder, and the density is 17.8g/cm3-18.2g/cm3The hardness is HRC 28-32. The invention reduces the content of tungsten element, increases the content of nickel element, and replaces iron with copper, thereby obtaining the alloy with the density of 16g/cm3Tungsten alloy with hardness of HRC 11-15.
The tungsten powder refers to powdered metal tungsten. In the invention, the tungsten powder is used as a main raw material and plays a role of an alloy framework.
Nickel powder is metal powder containing metal nickel as a main component. In the present invention, the nickel powder functions as a binder phase.
Copper powder refers to metal powder of copper material. In the present invention, the copper powder functions as a binder phase.
In the prior art, no report of preparing the tungsten alloy by combining tungsten powder, nickel powder and copper exists, and multiple tests prove that the tungsten alloy prepared by adopting the three raw materials and adding corresponding proportion is excellent in performance and has the density of 16g/cm3The hardness is HRC11-15, which meets the requirement of the market for low-hardness tungsten alloy material.
The tungsten alloy has the beneficial effects that:
the tungsten alloy of the invention has excellent performance and the density of 16g/cm3The hardness is HRC11-15, which meets the requirement of the market for low-hardness tungsten alloy material.
On the basis of the technical scheme, the invention can be further improved as follows.
Further, the material is prepared from the following raw materials in percentage by mass: 84% of tungsten powder, 6% of nickel powder and 10% of copper powder.
The adoption of the further beneficial effects is as follows: the above parameters are optimal parameters, and the obtained tungsten alloy further meets the requirement of low hardness HRC 11-15.
Further, the particle size of the tungsten powder is 2.8-3.2 μm.
The adoption of the further beneficial effects is as follows: the tungsten powder with the grain diameter is adopted, and the performance of the obtained tungsten alloy is optimal.
The tungsten powder can be purchased commercially, such as from Ganzhou Guanghua nonferrous metals, Inc.
Further, the particle size of the nickel powder is 2-3 μm.
The adoption of the further beneficial effects is as follows: the nickel powder with the particle size is adopted, and the performance of the obtained tungsten alloy is optimal.
The nickel powder can be purchased commercially, for example, from Cinchuan group powder materials, Inc.
Further, the particle size of the copper powder is 200 meshes.
The adoption of the further beneficial effects is as follows: the performance of the tungsten alloy obtained by adopting the copper powder with the grain diameter is optimal.
The copper powder may be purchased commercially, e.g., from Mimeji metals, Inc. of Nanogong, with a purity of 99.9%.
The second object of the present invention is to provide a method for preparing the above tungsten alloy.
The technical scheme for solving the technical problems is as follows: a preparation method of a tungsten alloy comprises the following steps:
step 1: preparation of the blend
Respectively weighing the following raw materials in percentage by mass: 80% -88% of tungsten powder, 4% -8% of nickel powder and 8% -12% of copper powder, and uniformly mixing to obtain a mixed material;
step 2: glue blending
Adding the paraffin and the plastic weighed in the step 1 into a high-speed mixer to prepare injection molding feed;
and step 3: injection moulding
Injection molding the injection molding feed obtained in the step 2 to obtain an alloy ball injection molding green body;
and 4, step 4: rubber discharging:
performing degumming on the alloy ball injection molding green body obtained in the step 3 to obtain a degumming green body;
and 5: sintering
Sintering the degummed green body obtained in the step 4 to obtain an alloy ball sintered body;
step 6: grinding ball
And (5) carrying out ball grinding treatment on the alloy ball sintered blank obtained in the step (5) to obtain the tungsten alloy.
The preparation method of the tungsten alloy has the beneficial effects that:
the preparation method of the tungsten alloy is simple, easy to operate, low in cost, wide in market prospect and suitable for large-scale popularization and application.
On the basis of the technical scheme, the invention can be further improved as follows.
Further, in step 1, the mixing time is 10 hours.
The adoption of the further beneficial effects is as follows: by adopting the mixing time, tungsten powder, nickel powder and copper powder can be mixed more thoroughly, so that a mixture with uniform proportion is obtained. The mixing may be carried out in a V blender.
Further, in the step 4, the temperature of the rubber discharge is 900 ℃, and the time is 24 hours.
The adoption of the further beneficial effects is as follows: by adopting the parameters, the glue discharging effect is better.
Further, in step 5, the sintering temperature is 1520 ℃ and the time is 2 h.
The adoption of the further beneficial effects is as follows: by adopting the parameters, the sintering effect is better.
Detailed Description
The principles and features of this invention are described below in conjunction with specific embodiments, which are set forth merely to illustrate the invention and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.
Example 1
The tungsten alloy of the embodiment is prepared from the following raw materials in percentage by mass: 80% of tungsten powder, 8% of nickel powder and 12% of copper powder. Wherein the particle size of the tungsten powder is 2.8-3.2 μm, the particle size of the nickel powder is 2-3 μm, and the particle size of the copper powder is 200 meshes.
The preparation method of the tungsten alloy comprises the following steps:
step 1: preparation of the blend
Respectively weighing the following raw materials in percentage by mass: 80% of tungsten powder, 8% of nickel powder and 12% of copper powder are mixed in a V-shaped mixer for 10 hours to obtain a mixed material.
Step 2: glue blending
And (3) adding the paraffin and the plastic weighed in the step (1) into a high-speed mixer to prepare the injection molding feed.
And step 3: injection moulding
And (3) injection molding the injection molding feed obtained in the step (2) to obtain an alloy ball injection molding green body.
And 4, step 4: rubber discharging:
and (4) injection molding the alloy ball obtained in the step (3) into a green body, and discharging the glue at 900 ℃ for 24h to obtain the degumming green body.
And 5: sintering
And (4) sintering the degummed green body obtained in the step (4) at 1520 ℃ for 2h to obtain an alloy ball sintered body.
Step 6: grinding ball
And (5) carrying out ball grinding treatment on the alloy ball sintered blank obtained in the step (5) to obtain the tungsten alloy.
The tungsten alloy of this example has excellent properties and a density of 16g/cm3The hardness is HRC11-15, which meets the requirement of the market for low-hardness tungsten alloy material.
Example 2
The tungsten alloy of the embodiment is prepared from the following raw materials in percentage by mass: 84% of tungsten powder, 6% of nickel powder and 10% of copper powder. Wherein the particle size of the tungsten powder is 2.8-3.2 μm, the particle size of the nickel powder is 2-3 μm, and the particle size of the copper powder is 200 meshes.
The preparation method of the tungsten alloy comprises the following steps:
step 1: preparation of the blend
Respectively weighing the following raw materials in percentage by mass: 84% of tungsten powder, 6% of nickel powder and 10% of copper powder, and mixing for 10 hours in a V-shaped mixer to obtain a mixed material.
Step 2: glue blending
And (3) adding the paraffin and the plastic weighed in the step (1) into a high-speed mixer to prepare the injection molding feed.
And step 3: injection moulding
And (3) injection molding the injection molding feed obtained in the step (2) to obtain an alloy ball injection molding green body.
And 4, step 4: rubber discharging:
and (4) injection molding the alloy ball obtained in the step (3) into a green body, and discharging the glue at 900 ℃ for 24h to obtain the degumming green body.
And 5: sintering
And (4) sintering the degummed green body obtained in the step (4) at 1520 ℃ for 2h to obtain an alloy ball sintered body.
Step 6: grinding ball
And (5) carrying out ball grinding treatment on the alloy ball sintered blank obtained in the step (5) to obtain the tungsten alloy.
The tungsten alloy of this example has excellent properties and a density of 16g/cm3The hardness is HRC11-15, which meets the requirement of the market for low-hardness tungsten alloy material.
Example 3
The tungsten alloy of the embodiment is prepared from the following raw materials in percentage by mass: 88% of tungsten powder, 4% of nickel powder and 8% of copper powder. Wherein the particle size of the tungsten powder is 2.8-3.2 μm, the particle size of the nickel powder is 2-3 μm, and the particle size of the copper powder is 200 meshes.
The preparation method of the tungsten alloy comprises the following steps:
step 1: preparation of the blend
Respectively weighing the following raw materials in percentage by mass: 88% of tungsten powder, 4% of nickel powder and 8% of copper powder are mixed in a V-shaped mixer for 10 hours to obtain a mixed material.
Step 2: glue blending
And (3) adding the paraffin and the plastic weighed in the step (1) into a high-speed mixer to prepare the injection molding feed.
And step 3: injection moulding
And (3) injection molding the injection molding feed obtained in the step (2) to obtain an alloy ball injection molding green body.
And 4, step 4: rubber discharging:
and (4) injection molding the alloy ball obtained in the step (3) into a green body, and discharging the glue at 900 ℃ for 24h to obtain the degumming green body.
And 5: sintering
And (4) sintering the degummed green body obtained in the step (4) at 1520 ℃ for 2h to obtain an alloy ball sintered body.
Step 6: grinding ball
And (5) carrying out ball grinding treatment on the alloy ball sintered blank obtained in the step (5) to obtain the tungsten alloy.
The tungsten alloy of this example has excellent properties and a density of 16g/cm3The hardness is HRC11-15, which meets the requirement of the market for low-hardness tungsten alloy material.
Experimental example 1
The comparison verification is carried out by reducing the proportion of skeleton element tungsten in the conventional material 95W-3.5Ni-1.5Fe and improving the proportion of binder phase components Ni and Fe, the design material component is 84W-9.6N i-6.4Fe, and the test comparison is carried out by preparing samples according to the production process flow of the tungsten alloy ball. The results showed a density of 16g/cm3The hardness is HRC22-24, and the hardness is reduced to a certain extent compared with the conventional hardness of 95W-3.5N i-1.5Fe, which shows that the reduction of the content of the main element tungsten has a certain effect, but the distance from the target value is still larger.
Experimental example 2
The Cu element with lower hardness is used for replacing the Fe element, the material composition is designed to be 84W-9.6Ni-6.4Cu, and samples are prepared according to the production process flow of the tungsten alloy ball for test comparison. The results showed a density of 16g/cm3The hardness is reduced to HRC18-20 without change, which shows that the hardness of the tungsten alloy material is reduced by replacing Fe element with Cu element with lower hardness, the tungsten alloy material accords with the design concept of expected components, but the tungsten alloy material is still a certain distance away from the HRC11-15 required.
Experimental example 3
The N i/Cu ratio was adjusted so that Ni would theoretically have a higher hardness than Cu, and this is also supported by theory. The design material component is 84W-8Ni-8Cu, and samples are prepared according to the production process flow of the tungsten alloy ball for test comparison. The result shows thatThe degree is 16g/cm3The hardness is reduced to HRC16-18 without change, the hardness value is reduced to a certain extent, but the amplitude is not large, which indicates that the adjustment direction is right and further adjustment is needed.
Experimental example 4
Continuously adjusting the proportion, improving the proportion of Cu element, and designing the material composition to be 84W-6Ni-10 Cu. And preparing a sample according to the production process flow of the tungsten alloy ball for test comparison. The results showed a density of 16g/cm3Without change, the hardness was reduced to HRC12-14, which achieved the intended goal.
The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the invention, and any modifications, equivalents, improvements and the like that fall within the spirit and principle of the present invention are intended to be included therein.

Claims (9)

1. The tungsten alloy is characterized by being prepared from the following raw materials in percentage by mass: 80-88% of tungsten powder, 4-8% of nickel powder and 8-12% of copper powder.
2. The tungsten alloy according to claim 1, which is prepared from the following raw materials in percentage by mass: 84% of tungsten powder, 6% of nickel powder and 10% of copper powder.
3. The tungsten alloy according to claim 1, wherein the tungsten powder has a particle size of 2.8 μm to 3.2 μm.
4. The tungsten alloy according to claim 1, wherein the nickel powder has a particle size of 2 μm to 3 μm.
5. The tungsten alloy of claim 1, wherein the copper powder has a particle size of 200 mesh.
6. The preparation method of the tungsten alloy is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
step 1: preparation of the blend
Respectively weighing the following raw materials in percentage by mass: 80% -88% of tungsten powder, 4% -8% of nickel powder and 8% -12% of copper powder, and uniformly mixing to obtain a mixed material;
step 2: glue blending
Adding the paraffin and the plastic weighed in the step 1 into a high-speed mixer to prepare injection molding feed;
and step 3: injection moulding
Injection molding the injection molding feed obtained in the step 2 to obtain an alloy ball injection molding green body;
and 4, step 4: rubber discharging:
performing degumming on the alloy ball injection molding green body obtained in the step 3 to obtain a degumming green body;
and 5: sintering
Sintering the degummed green body obtained in the step 4 to obtain an alloy ball sintered body;
step 6: grinding ball
And (5) carrying out ball grinding treatment on the alloy ball sintered blank obtained in the step (5) to obtain the tungsten alloy.
7. The method of claim 6, wherein the mixing is performed for 10 hours in step 1.
8. The method for preparing the tungsten alloy according to claim 6, wherein the temperature of the binder removal in the step 4 is 900 ℃ and the time is 24 hours.
9. The method for preparing the tungsten alloy according to claim 6, wherein the sintering temperature is 1520 ℃ for 2 hours in step 5.
CN202111140436.7A 2021-09-28 2021-09-28 Tungsten alloy and preparation method thereof Pending CN113862541A (en)

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Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
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Publication Number Publication Date
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Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPH06172810A (en) * 1992-10-08 1994-06-21 Kawasaki Steel Corp Production of tungsten alloy sintered compact
CN112570710A (en) * 2020-12-31 2021-03-30 江苏米莫金属股份有限公司 Tungsten alloy powder casting processing method

Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPH06172810A (en) * 1992-10-08 1994-06-21 Kawasaki Steel Corp Production of tungsten alloy sintered compact
CN112570710A (en) * 2020-12-31 2021-03-30 江苏米莫金属股份有限公司 Tungsten alloy powder casting processing method

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
《化工百科全书》编辑委员会: "《化工百科全书 第16卷》", 31 December 1997 *

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