CN113862535A - Magnesium alloy for low temperature, preparation method and application thereof, and cold chain tray - Google Patents
Magnesium alloy for low temperature, preparation method and application thereof, and cold chain tray Download PDFInfo
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- CN113862535A CN113862535A CN202111170705.4A CN202111170705A CN113862535A CN 113862535 A CN113862535 A CN 113862535A CN 202111170705 A CN202111170705 A CN 202111170705A CN 113862535 A CN113862535 A CN 113862535A
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- magnesium alloy
- tray
- spoke
- cold chain
- magnesium
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C23/00—Alloys based on magnesium
- C22C23/02—Alloys based on magnesium with aluminium as the next major constituent
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
- B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
- B65D19/00—Pallets or like platforms, with or without side walls, for supporting loads to be lifted or lowered
- B65D19/0004—Rigid pallets without side walls
- B65D19/0053—Rigid pallets without side walls the load supporting surface being made of more than one element
- B65D19/0077—Rigid pallets without side walls the load supporting surface being made of more than one element forming discontinuous or non-planar contact surfaces
- B65D19/0089—Rigid pallets without side walls the load supporting surface being made of more than one element forming discontinuous or non-planar contact surfaces the base surface being made of more than one element
- B65D19/0093—Rigid pallets without side walls the load supporting surface being made of more than one element forming discontinuous or non-planar contact surfaces the base surface being made of more than one element forming discontinuous or non-planar contact surfaces
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
- B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
- B65D19/00—Pallets or like platforms, with or without side walls, for supporting loads to be lifted or lowered
- B65D19/38—Details or accessories
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C1/00—Making non-ferrous alloys
- C22C1/02—Making non-ferrous alloys by melting
- C22C1/03—Making non-ferrous alloys by melting using master alloys
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Manufacture And Refinement Of Metals (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of magnesium alloy, in particular to a low-temperature magnesium alloy which mainly comprises the following components: al: 3.0-5.0 wt.%, Sn: 0.5-1.5 wt.%, Mn: 0.7-1.3 wt.%, Ce: 0.5-1.0 wt.%, Si is less than or equal to 0.1 wt.%, Fe is less than or equal to 0.003 wt.%, Cu is less than or equal to 0.01 wt.%, Ni is less than or equal to 0.001 wt.%, and the balance is Mg; all are calculated by mass fraction; the invention also provides a preparation method and application of the cold chain tray. In addition, the invention also provides a cold chain tray which comprises tray spokes and supporting legs. By designing the components and the content of the magnesium alloy, the ductility and the toughness of the magnesium alloy under low-temperature performance can be effectively improved, so that the problem of brittleness of the magnesium alloy under extremely low temperature is solved, and the fracture probability of magnesium alloy parts under a low-temperature environment is greatly reduced; meanwhile, through the structural design of the cold chain tray, the tray is directly stressed through the mortise and tenon framework, and does not directly bear the stress and the tensile force generated after the stress deformation, so that the stress of welding points and welding point positions is reduced, and the service life of the cold chain tray is prolonged.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of magnesium alloy, in particular to a low-temperature magnesium alloy, a preparation method and application thereof, and a cold chain tray.
Background
Freezing is an important means for food preservation, and the most common tools for transporting frozen foods in the cold chain industry are trays which are called movable ground, movable platforms and the like, so that the trays play an important role in cold chain storage and transportation. As is well known, frozen foods generally need to be stored in a low temperature environment of minus several tens of degrees, and thus excellent low temperature resistance is a necessary condition for a tray. At present, trays commonly used in the cold chain industry such as wood trays and plastic trays have some problems, wherein wood is easy to corrode and mildew due to the moist environment of a refrigeration house in the use process of the wood trays, and the wood trays are easy to generate dust, are not clean enough and are not suitable for being used in the food and drug industry; the plastic tray can become brittle and fragile in a low-temperature environment, and the normal use of the plastic tray is affected. Therefore, metal trays are more and more concerned by people, but in the prior art, the metal trays generally have poor welding performance in the use process, stress cracking easily occurs to welding points under low-temperature performance, and the service life is short. Therefore, the demand for a cold chain pallet with excellent performance at low temperature is very urgent.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a magnesium alloy for low temperature, a preparation method and application thereof, and a cold chain tray, so as to solve the problems in the prior art in the background technology.
In order to solve the technical problems, the technical scheme provided by the invention is as follows:
in a first aspect, the invention provides a low-temperature magnesium alloy, which mainly comprises the following components:
al: 3.0-5.0 wt.%, Sn: 0.5-1.5 wt.%, Mn: 0.7-1.3 wt.%, Ce: 0.5-1.0 wt.%, Si is less than or equal to 0.1 wt.%, Fe is less than or equal to 0.003 wt.%, Cu is less than or equal to 0.01 wt.%, Ni is less than or equal to 0.001 wt.%, and the balance is Mg; all in mass fraction.
In the invention, a small amount of cerium element is added to realize grain refinement and improve the strength and toughness, and the Sn element is added to the components, so that the magnesium alloy is successfully applied to improve the shaping of the magnesium alloy in a low-temperature environment; compared with the existing common wrought magnesium alloy, the magnesium alloy has the advantages that the welding performance is greatly improved on the premise of keeping the same mechanical property by adding Mn element instead of Zn element.
In a second aspect, the invention also provides a preparation method of the magnesium alloy for low temperature, which comprises the following steps:
step one, batching: taking a magnesium ingot, an aluminum ingot, manganese powder, a magnesium-cerium intermediate alloy and a tin block as raw materials, and batching according to the components of the magnesium alloy;
step two: preheating raw materials: adding magnesium ingots with required weight into an oven, heating and preserving heat to obtain preheated magnesium ingot raw materials;
step three: smelting: firstly, putting the preheated magnesium ingot in the step two into a smelting furnace to be heated until the magnesium ingot is completely melted, then sequentially adding an aluminum ingot, manganese powder, magnesium-cerium intermediate alloy and a tin block, heating and stirring to obtain a completely melted and uniform magnesium alloy melt;
step four: casting: casting the magnesium alloy melt obtained in the third step into a corresponding casting mould, and obtaining an as-cast magnesium alloy by adopting a semi-continuous casting process;
step five: extrusion molding: and (4) putting the as-cast magnesium alloy obtained in the fourth step into a corresponding extrusion die, and heating and extruding to obtain the final magnesium alloy section.
On the basis of the technical scheme, ultrasonic vibration is carried out on the casting mould in the casting process in the step four.
In a third aspect, the invention provides an application of a magnesium alloy for low temperature in a cold chain tray. The weight of the magnesium alloy tray is 1/4 of the steel tray and 2/3 of the aluminum alloy tray, the weight is reduced by 3/4 compared with that of an iron tray with the same size, and the magnesium alloy tray is suitable for being used in cold chain logistics transportation and can effectively reduce logistics cost in the cold chain transportation.
In a fourth aspect, the invention provides a cold chain pallet made from the above low temperature magnesium alloy.
On the basis of the technical scheme, the cold chain tray comprises tray spokes and supporting legs, the tray spokes are parallelly provided with a plurality of supporting legs and are mutually fixedly connected through the supporting legs, the supporting legs are fixedly arranged at the bottom ends of the tray spokes, and the supporting legs are provided with a plurality of supporting legs and are perpendicular to the tray spokes.
On the basis of the technical scheme, the tray spoke comprises a first spoke, a second spoke and a third spoke, wherein the first spoke and the second spoke are symmetrically arranged at two ends of the supporting leg, and the third spoke is provided with a plurality of spokes and is arranged between the first spoke and the second spoke.
On the basis of the technical scheme, the cross sections of the first spokes and the second spokes in the width direction are all set to be right trapezoid and mirror image relations, the cross sections of the third spokes in the width direction are isosceles trapezoid, and the supporting leg top end structures are matched with the tray spokes.
The technical scheme provided by the invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. the invention provides a component of a magnesium alloy for low temperature, which can effectively improve the ductility and toughness of the magnesium alloy at low temperature on the basis of keeping the tensile strength of the magnesium alloy and maintaining the performance of conventional AZ31B by designing the components and the content of the magnesium alloy, so as to solve the problem of brittleness of the magnesium alloy at extremely low temperature and greatly reduce the fracture probability of magnesium alloy parts in low temperature environment. Specifically, the magnesium alloy section bar has the tensile strength of more than or equal to 240Mpa, the yield strength of more than or equal to 170Mpa and the elongation after fracture of more than or equal to 8 percent under the environment of-40 to-20 ℃.
2. According to the invention, through designing the tray structure, the tray realizes direct stress through the tenon-and-mortise structure, and the stability of the tenon-and-mortise structure is realized by taking welding as an auxiliary connection mode, so that the tray does not directly bear the stress and the tensile force generated after the stress deformation, the stress at welding points and welding points is reduced, and the service life of the cold chain tray can be effectively prolonged; compared with an iron pallet with the same size, the weight reduction 3/4 effectively reduces the transportation cost.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a front view of a cold chain pallet of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a side view of a cold chain pallet of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a top view of the cold chain tray of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view of a spoke according to the invention, wherein FIG. 4a is a cross-sectional view of a first spoke; FIG. 4b is a cross-sectional view of the second spoke; FIG. 4c is a cross-sectional view of the third spoke;
FIG. 5 is a schematic structural view of a leg according to the present invention;
Detailed Description
The invention is further illustrated by the following examples in conjunction with the accompanying drawings:
in the present invention, unless otherwise expressly stated or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," "secured," and the like are to be construed broadly and can, for example, be fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally formed; either directly or indirectly through intervening media, either internally or in any other relationship. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood by those skilled in the art according to specific situations.
In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms "left", "right", "front", "back", "top", "bottom", etc. indicate orientations or positional relationships based on those shown in the drawings, and are only for convenience of description and simplicity of description, but do not indicate or imply that the referenced device or element must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present invention.
In a first aspect, the invention provides a low-temperature magnesium alloy, which mainly comprises the following components:
al: 3.0-5.0 wt.%, Sn: 0.5-1.5 wt.%, Mn: 0.7-1.3 wt.%, Ce: 0.5-1.0 wt.%, Si is less than or equal to 0.1 wt.%, Fe is less than or equal to 0.003 wt.%, Cu is less than or equal to 0.01 wt.%, Ni is less than or equal to 0.001 wt.%, and the balance is Mg; all in mass fraction. In the invention, a small amount of cerium element is added to realize grain refinement and improve the strength and toughness, and the Sn element is added to the components, so that the magnesium alloy is successfully applied to improve the shaping of the magnesium alloy in a low-temperature environment; compared with the existing common wrought magnesium alloy, the magnesium alloy has the advantages that the welding performance is greatly improved on the premise of keeping the same mechanical property by adding Mn element instead of Zn element.
The invention provides a component of a magnesium alloy for low temperature, which can effectively improve the ductility and toughness of the magnesium alloy at low temperature on the basis of keeping the tensile strength of the magnesium alloy and maintaining the performance of conventional AZ31B by designing the components and the content of the magnesium alloy, so as to solve the problem of brittleness of the magnesium alloy at extremely low temperature and greatly reduce the fracture probability of magnesium alloy parts in low temperature environment. Specifically, the magnesium alloy section bar has the tensile strength of more than or equal to 240Mpa, the yield strength of more than or equal to 170Mpa and the elongation after fracture of more than or equal to 8 percent under the environment of-40 to-20 ℃. It should be noted that, the AZ31B magnesium alloy belongs to wrought magnesium alloy, and the tensile strength performance thereof can be obtained from the prior art, and is not described herein again.
In a second aspect, the invention also provides a preparation method of the magnesium alloy for low temperature, which comprises the following steps:
step one, batching: taking a magnesium ingot, an aluminum ingot, manganese powder, a magnesium-cerium intermediate alloy and a tin block as raw materials, and batching according to the components of the magnesium alloy;
step two: preheating raw materials: adding magnesium ingots with required weight into an oven, heating and preserving heat to obtain preheated magnesium ingot raw materials;
step three: smelting: firstly, putting the preheated magnesium ingot in the step two into a smelting furnace to be heated until the magnesium ingot is completely melted, then sequentially adding an aluminum ingot, manganese powder, magnesium-cerium intermediate alloy and a tin block, heating and stirring to obtain a completely melted and uniform magnesium alloy melt;
step four: casting: casting the magnesium alloy melt obtained in the third step into a corresponding casting mould, and obtaining an as-cast magnesium alloy by adopting a semi-continuous casting process;
step five: extrusion molding: and (4) putting the as-cast magnesium alloy obtained in the fourth step into a corresponding extrusion die, and heating and extruding to obtain the final magnesium alloy section.
On the basis of the technical scheme, ultrasonic vibration is carried out on the casting mould in the casting process in the step four.
In a third aspect, the invention provides an application of a magnesium alloy for low temperature in a cold chain tray.
In a fourth aspect, the invention provides a cold chain pallet prepared from the magnesium alloy for low temperature use; the cold chain tray structure is shown in fig. 1-5.
On the basis of the technical scheme, the cold chain tray comprises tray spokes 1 and supporting legs 2, the tray spokes 1 are parallelly provided with a plurality of supporting legs and are mutually fixedly connected through the supporting legs 2, the supporting legs 2 are fixedly arranged at the bottom ends of the tray spokes 1, and the supporting legs 2 are provided with a plurality of supporting legs and are vertically arranged with the tray spokes 1.
On the basis of the technical scheme, the tray spoke 1 comprises a first spoke 11, a second spoke 12 and a third spoke 13, wherein the first spoke 11 and the second spoke 12 are symmetrically arranged at two ends of the supporting leg 2, and the third spoke 13 is provided with a plurality of spokes and is arranged between the first spoke 11 and the second spoke 12.
On the basis of the above technical solution, as shown in fig. 4, fig. 4a is a schematic cross-sectional view of a first spoke; FIG. 4b is a cross-sectional schematic view of the second spoke; FIG. 4c is a cross-sectional schematic view of the third spoke; first spoke 11 all sets up to right trapezoid and is the mirror image relation with second spoke 12 along width direction's cross-section, third spoke 13 is isosceles trapezoid setting along width direction's cross-section, 2 top end structures of landing leg and 1 looks adaptation of tray spoke.
As shown in fig. 5, the supporting leg 2 is structurally matched with the tray spoke 1, that is, a trapezoidal notch matched with the tray spoke 1 is processed on the section bar of the supporting leg 2, and direct stress is realized by forming a mortise-tenon structure, so that stress at a welding point and a welding point is reduced; more preferably, the support leg 2 is welded along the direction of the support leg 2 by argon arc welding at the position below the contact position of the support leg 2 and the tray spoke 1, so that the structure is more stable.
According to the invention, through designing the tray structure, the tray realizes direct stress through the tenon-and-mortise structure, and the stability of the tenon-and-mortise structure is realized by taking welding as an auxiliary connection mode, so that the tray does not directly bear the stress and the tensile force generated after the stress deformation, the stress at welding points and welding points is reduced, and the service life of the cold chain tray can be effectively prolonged; compared with an iron pallet with the same size, the weight reduction 3/4 effectively reduces the transportation cost.
Having shown and described the basic principles and essential features of the invention, it will be evident to those skilled in the art that the invention is not limited to the details of the foregoing illustrative embodiments, and that the same is thus to be considered as illustrative and not restrictive in character, the scope of the invention being indicated by the appended claims rather than by the foregoing description, and all changes which come within the meaning and range of equivalency of the claims are therefore intended to be embraced therein.
Furthermore, it should be understood that although the present description refers to embodiments, not every embodiment may contain only a single embodiment, and such description is for clarity only, and those skilled in the art should integrate the description, and the embodiments may be combined as appropriate to form other embodiments understood by those skilled in the art.
Claims (8)
1. The magnesium alloy for low temperature use is characterized by mainly comprising the following components:
al: 3.0-5.0 wt.%, Sn: 0.5-1.5 wt.%, Mn: 0.7-1.3 wt.%, Ce: 0.5-1.0 wt.%, Si is less than or equal to 0.1 wt.%, Fe is less than or equal to 0.003 wt.%, Cu is less than or equal to 0.01 wt.%, Ni is less than or equal to 0.001 wt.%, and the balance is Mg; all in mass fraction.
2. The method for preparing the magnesium alloy for low temperature according to claim 1, comprising the steps of:
step one, batching: taking a magnesium ingot, an aluminum ingot, manganese powder, a magnesium-cerium intermediate alloy and a tin block as raw materials, and batching according to the components of the magnesium alloy;
step two: preheating raw materials: adding magnesium ingots with required weight into an oven, heating and preserving heat to obtain preheated magnesium ingot raw materials;
step three: smelting: firstly, putting the preheated magnesium ingot in the step two into a smelting furnace to be heated until the magnesium ingot is completely melted, then sequentially adding an aluminum ingot, manganese powder, magnesium-cerium intermediate alloy and a tin block, heating and stirring to obtain a completely melted and uniform magnesium alloy melt;
step four: casting: casting the magnesium alloy melt obtained in the third step into a corresponding casting mould, and obtaining an as-cast magnesium alloy by adopting a semi-continuous casting process;
step five: extrusion molding: and (4) putting the as-cast magnesium alloy obtained in the fourth step into a corresponding extrusion die, and heating and extruding to obtain the final magnesium alloy section.
3. The method for preparing a magnesium alloy for low temperature according to claim 2, wherein the casting mold is ultrasonically vibrated during the step four casting process.
4. Use of the magnesium alloy for low temperature according to claim 1 or the magnesium alloy for low temperature obtained by the preparation method according to claim 2 in cold chain pallets.
5. A cold chain pallet, characterized by being produced from the magnesium alloy for low temperature use according to claim 1 or the magnesium alloy for low temperature use obtained by the production method according to claim 2.
6. The cold chain tray according to claim 5, wherein the cold chain tray comprises a plurality of tray spokes (1) and a plurality of support legs (2), the plurality of tray spokes (1) are arranged in parallel and are fixedly connected with each other through the support legs (2), the support legs (2) are fixedly arranged at the bottom ends of the tray spokes (1), and the plurality of support legs (2) are arranged perpendicular to the tray spokes (1).
7. Cold chain tray according to claim 6, characterized in that the tray spokes (1) comprise a first spoke (11), a second spoke (12) and a third spoke (13), the first spoke (11) and the second spoke (12) are symmetrically arranged at two ends of the supporting leg (2), and the third spoke (13) is provided with a plurality of spokes and is arranged between the first spoke (11) and the second spoke (12).
8. The cold chain tray as claimed in claim 7, wherein the cross sections of the first spoke (11) and the second spoke (12) along the width direction are both arranged in a right trapezoid and a mirror image relationship, the cross section of the third spoke (13) along the width direction is arranged in an isosceles trapezoid, and the top end structure of the leg (2) is matched with the tray spoke (1).
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202111170705.4A CN113862535A (en) | 2021-10-08 | 2021-10-08 | Magnesium alloy for low temperature, preparation method and application thereof, and cold chain tray |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202111170705.4A CN113862535A (en) | 2021-10-08 | 2021-10-08 | Magnesium alloy for low temperature, preparation method and application thereof, and cold chain tray |
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| CN113862535A true CN113862535A (en) | 2021-12-31 |
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| CN202111170705.4A Pending CN113862535A (en) | 2021-10-08 | 2021-10-08 | Magnesium alloy for low temperature, preparation method and application thereof, and cold chain tray |
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Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101643871A (en) * | 2009-08-24 | 2010-02-10 | 吉林大学 | Super-high-plasticity high-strength cast magnesium alloy and preparation method thereof |
| CN101985714A (en) * | 2010-12-07 | 2011-03-16 | 吉林大学 | High-plasticity magnesium alloy and preparation method thereof |
| CN102925776A (en) * | 2012-11-26 | 2013-02-13 | 四川大学 | High-strength and high-toughness magnesium alloy |
| WO2016000575A1 (en) * | 2014-06-30 | 2016-01-07 | Byd Company Limited | Magnesium alloy, prepairing method and use thereof |
| CN106005679A (en) * | 2016-06-26 | 2016-10-12 | 李超 | Metal tray of mortise and tenon joint structure |
-
2021
- 2021-10-08 CN CN202111170705.4A patent/CN113862535A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101643871A (en) * | 2009-08-24 | 2010-02-10 | 吉林大学 | Super-high-plasticity high-strength cast magnesium alloy and preparation method thereof |
| CN101985714A (en) * | 2010-12-07 | 2011-03-16 | 吉林大学 | High-plasticity magnesium alloy and preparation method thereof |
| CN102925776A (en) * | 2012-11-26 | 2013-02-13 | 四川大学 | High-strength and high-toughness magnesium alloy |
| WO2016000575A1 (en) * | 2014-06-30 | 2016-01-07 | Byd Company Limited | Magnesium alloy, prepairing method and use thereof |
| CN106005679A (en) * | 2016-06-26 | 2016-10-12 | 李超 | Metal tray of mortise and tenon joint structure |
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Application publication date: 20211231 |