CN113862149A - Shimmy integral type cell mechanics loading device - Google Patents
Shimmy integral type cell mechanics loading device Download PDFInfo
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- CN113862149A CN113862149A CN202111075896.6A CN202111075896A CN113862149A CN 113862149 A CN113862149 A CN 113862149A CN 202111075896 A CN202111075896 A CN 202111075896A CN 113862149 A CN113862149 A CN 113862149A
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- 238000004113 cell culture Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 85
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 55
- 210000004027 cell Anatomy 0.000 claims description 10
- 230000001413 cellular effect Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 210000004748 cultured cell Anatomy 0.000 claims description 3
- 210000001161 mammalian embryo Anatomy 0.000 description 6
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000001727 in vivo Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000000638 stimulation Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 1
- 210000004081 cilia Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012136 culture method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000018109 developmental process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000013020 embryo development Effects 0.000 description 1
- 210000002308 embryonic cell Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 210000001671 embryonic stem cell Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 230000004720 fertilization Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000338 in vitro Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000035992 intercellular communication Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002207 metabolite Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002572 peristaltic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008092 positive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010008 shearing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 210000000130 stem cell Anatomy 0.000 description 1
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
- C12M—APPARATUS FOR ENZYMOLOGY OR MICROBIOLOGY; APPARATUS FOR CULTURING MICROORGANISMS FOR PRODUCING BIOMASS, FOR GROWING CELLS OR FOR OBTAINING FERMENTATION OR METABOLIC PRODUCTS, i.e. BIOREACTORS OR FERMENTERS
- C12M23/00—Constructional details, e.g. recesses, hinges
- C12M23/02—Form or structure of the vessel
- C12M23/10—Petri dish
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
- C12M—APPARATUS FOR ENZYMOLOGY OR MICROBIOLOGY; APPARATUS FOR CULTURING MICROORGANISMS FOR PRODUCING BIOMASS, FOR GROWING CELLS OR FOR OBTAINING FERMENTATION OR METABOLIC PRODUCTS, i.e. BIOREACTORS OR FERMENTERS
- C12M23/00—Constructional details, e.g. recesses, hinges
- C12M23/38—Caps; Covers; Plugs; Pouring means
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
- C12M—APPARATUS FOR ENZYMOLOGY OR MICROBIOLOGY; APPARATUS FOR CULTURING MICROORGANISMS FOR PRODUCING BIOMASS, FOR GROWING CELLS OR FOR OBTAINING FERMENTATION OR METABOLIC PRODUCTS, i.e. BIOREACTORS OR FERMENTERS
- C12M23/00—Constructional details, e.g. recesses, hinges
- C12M23/48—Holding appliances; Racks; Supports
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
- C12M—APPARATUS FOR ENZYMOLOGY OR MICROBIOLOGY; APPARATUS FOR CULTURING MICROORGANISMS FOR PRODUCING BIOMASS, FOR GROWING CELLS OR FOR OBTAINING FERMENTATION OR METABOLIC PRODUCTS, i.e. BIOREACTORS OR FERMENTERS
- C12M27/00—Means for mixing, agitating or circulating fluids in the vessel
- C12M27/10—Rotating vessel
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
- C12M—APPARATUS FOR ENZYMOLOGY OR MICROBIOLOGY; APPARATUS FOR CULTURING MICROORGANISMS FOR PRODUCING BIOMASS, FOR GROWING CELLS OR FOR OBTAINING FERMENTATION OR METABOLIC PRODUCTS, i.e. BIOREACTORS OR FERMENTERS
- C12M27/00—Means for mixing, agitating or circulating fluids in the vessel
- C12M27/16—Vibrating; Shaking; Tilting
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
- C12M—APPARATUS FOR ENZYMOLOGY OR MICROBIOLOGY; APPARATUS FOR CULTURING MICROORGANISMS FOR PRODUCING BIOMASS, FOR GROWING CELLS OR FOR OBTAINING FERMENTATION OR METABOLIC PRODUCTS, i.e. BIOREACTORS OR FERMENTERS
- C12M35/00—Means for application of stress for stimulating the growth of microorganisms or the generation of fermentation or metabolic products; Means for electroporation or cell fusion
- C12M35/04—Mechanical means, e.g. sonic waves, stretching forces, pressure or shear stimuli
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- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Bioinformatics & Cheminformatics (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Zoology (AREA)
- Genetics & Genomics (AREA)
- Biotechnology (AREA)
- Sustainable Development (AREA)
- Microbiology (AREA)
- Biochemistry (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Biomedical Technology (AREA)
- Clinical Laboratory Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Cell Biology (AREA)
- Apparatus Associated With Microorganisms And Enzymes (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides a shimmy integrated cell mechanics loading device, which integrates swing and vibration and can provide accurate loading data for a cell culture dish. The loading device comprises: the vibration support device comprises a vibration support base, a box body, a vibration driving mechanism, a dish carrying mechanism and a rotation driving mechanism; the supporting base is used for supporting the box body and the rotary driving mechanism; the dish carrying mechanism is used for placing a cell culture dish and is arranged inside the box body; the vibration driving mechanism is used for driving the dish carrying mechanism to vibrate up and down in the box body along the direction vertical to the bottom surface of the box body; the rotary driving mechanism is directly connected with the box body and is used for driving the box body to swing left and right.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a loading device, in particular to a cell mechanics loading device, and belongs to the technical field of cell mechanics culture.
Background
Sources of movement and stimuli that affect embryo development include shear stress from tubal fluid flow, compression from peristaltic tubal wall movement, buoyancy and kinetic friction between the embryo and cilia. In vivo mechano-mechanical stimulation is thought to induce intercellular communication, exert beneficial effects by accelerating fluid around the embryo, and digest metabolites excreted by the embryo. Microvibration stimulation during mouse embryo culture has a positive effect on developmental rate. A microvibration embryo culture method simulating in vivo mechanical force will be an effective way to improve the quality of in vitro fertilization treatment.
The methods currently available are tilters and micro-vibrators to simulate mechanical stimulation in vivo. The tilting mechanism is characterized in that a cell culture dish is placed on a rotating shaft, the rotating shaft is connected with a motor, and the motor drives the culture dish to periodically swing at a certain angle and frequency, so that the effect of simulating the shearing force of cell fluid is achieved. The micro vibrator vibrates through a transmission vibration spring, so that the vibration force applied to the embryo cells is simulated.
The above-mentioned existing stem cell culture apparatus mainly has the following disadvantages:
(1) the requirements of vibration and swing cannot be met simultaneously; and because the direction of vibration is required to be vertical to the rotation time, and the vibration and the swing are assembled by adopting independent structures, errors can be caused, and the accuracy of loading data is influenced.
(2) The whole device needs to be put into a cell culture box for working, and the traditional vibration meter is generally large in size and expensive.
(3) When the independent rotating structure and the vibrating structure are assembled, the problems of energy loss and friction error are caused, and the loaded data is inaccurate.
Disclosure of Invention
The purpose of the invention is: the device integrates swinging and vibration, and can provide accurate loading data for a cell culture dish.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows: a shimmy integrated cellular mechanics loading device comprising: the device comprises a supporting base, a box body, a vibration driving mechanism, a dish carrying mechanism and a rotation driving mechanism;
the supporting base is used for supporting the box body and the rotary driving mechanism;
the dish carrying mechanism is positioned in the box body and used for placing a cell culture dish;
the vibration driving mechanism is used for driving the dish carrying mechanism to vibrate up and down in the box body along the direction vertical to the bottom surface of the box body;
the rotary driving mechanism is directly connected with the box body and used for driving the box body and the dish carrying mechanism to swing left and right integrally.
In a preferred aspect of the present invention, the vibration driving mechanism includes: a rotating motor B, a connecting rod and a turntable;
the rotating motor B is fixed in the box body, the power output end of the rotating motor B is connected with the turntable, and the turntable is connected with the dish carrying mechanism through a connecting rod;
the connecting hole of the connecting rod on the rotary table is an eccentric hole, and when the rotary motor B drives the rotary table to rotate around the axis of the rotary table, the rotary table drives the dish carrying mechanism to move up and down in the box body through the connecting rod so as to realize vibration.
As a preferred mode of the invention, the inner side surface of the box body is provided with a slide rail; the dish carrying mechanism is in sliding fit with the sliding rails through the rollers, and when the dish carrying mechanism vibrates vertically in the box body, the pulleys slide on the sliding rails on the inner side of the box body.
In a preferred aspect of the present invention, the dish loading mechanism includes: a cell culture dish support plate and a cell culture dish;
more than one cell culture dish is placed on the cell culture dish support plate;
the cell culture dish is used for placing cultured cells;
and the vibration driving mechanism drives the cell culture dish support plate to vibrate up and down in the box body.
In a preferred mode of the invention, each cell culture dish is covered with a cell culture dish cover plate; the cell culture dish cover plate is fixed on the cell culture dish support plate.
As a preferred mode of the invention, more than two culture dish baffles are distributed on the outer circumference of each culture dish groove on the cell culture dish support plate, and after the culture dish baffles position the cell culture dish, the cell culture dish cover plate is fixedly connected with the culture dish baffles through the ejector pins.
In a preferred aspect of the present invention, the rotation driving mechanism includes: a rotating electric machine A; one of the two opposite sides of the box body is connected with the power output end of the rotating motor A, the other end of the box body is supported on the box body through a bearing, and the box body is driven to integrally swing in a reciprocating mode through the reciprocating rotation of the rotating motor A.
As a preferred mode of the present invention, the cell culture dish support plate is provided with two or more segmental culture dish grooves, and one cell culture dish is placed above each culture dish groove.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the culture dish groove is a through groove.
As a preferable mode of the invention, the amplitude of the dish carrying mechanism is adjusted by adjusting the distance from the connecting hole of the connecting rod on the turntable to the circle center of the turntable.
Has the advantages that:
(1) the loading device integrates the vibration function and the swing function, reduces errors caused by assembly of an independent structure, drives the culture dish support plate to slide up and down through the turntable to achieve the vibration function, and ensures that the sliding direction of the cell culture dish support plate is always perpendicular to the bottom surface of the box body during vibration, so that the vibration direction of the culture dish in the rotation (namely swing) process is always perpendicular to the rotation direction.
(2) The function is adjustable: the loading device can enable the cell culture dish to have three modes of loading: rotation, vibration, and rotation plus vibration.
(3) The adjustability is provided: the vibration device on the market at present has small size, can not control the amplitude, and large size, and the invention can adjust the amplitude of the cell culture dish support plate only by adjusting the distance from the joint of the connecting rod and the turntable to the circle center of the turntable, and the vibration amplitude can be measured, and the vibration amplitude can be accurately measured by the position distance between the turntable and the connecting rod.
(4) The cost is low: the mode that the turntable drives the cell culture dish support plate to slide in a reciprocating mode replaces a complex vibration structure with adjustable amplitude, and the cost is greatly saved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is an exploded view of the loading device of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is an assembly view of the loading device of cell mechanics.
In the figure: 1-a support base; 2-rotating electrical machine a; 3, a box body; 4-knock pin; 5-cell culture dish support plate; 6-cell culture dish cover plate; 7-cell culture dish; 8-a roller; 9-a connecting rod; 10-rotating disk.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples.
Based on the mechanical environment that embryonic cells are located, this embodiment provides a pendulum vibration integral type cell mechanics loading device for the development quality that embryonic stem cell received mechanics regulation is researched, and the device collects swing and vibration an organic whole, and accurate measurable of amplitude.
As shown in fig. 1 and 2, the cytomechanical loading device includes: support base 1, box 3, vibration actuating mechanism, carry a ware mechanism and rotary driving mechanism.
Wherein carry a ware mechanism and include: a cell culture dish support plate 5, a cell culture dish cover plate 6 and a cell culture dish 7; the box body 3 is a cuboid with an opening at the top, and four inner side surfaces of the box body 3 are provided with slide rails; the four side edges of the cell culture dish support plate 5 are provided with the idler wheels 8 which are in sliding fit with the slide rails, so that the cell culture dish support plate 5 slides up and down in the box body 3 to play a guiding role through the sliding fit of the idler wheels 8 and the slide rails, and the friction is reduced; the cell culture dish support plate 5 slides up and down in the box body 3, so that the vibration in the direction vertical to the bottom surface of the box body 3 is realized.
The cell culture dish support plate 5 is used for placing a cell culture dish 7, and four sectional culture dish grooves are arranged on the cell culture dish support plate 5 (namely, the culture dish grooves are respectively and independently arranged, and the four culture dish grooves are distributed on the cell culture dish support plate 5 in a rectangular shape); a cell culture dish 7 is placed above the dish groove (i.e. the diameter of the cell culture dish 7 is larger than that of the dish groove). The culture dish groove adopts four sections, which is beneficial to ventilating the cell culture dish 7; the culture dish groove is logical groove, and the surface in culture dish groove is hollowed out promptly, and the purpose can be followed the inside cell culture condition of observing of box 3. The middle parts of the four side edges of the cell culture dish support plate 5 are connected with rollers 8.
The cell culture dish 7 is used for placing cultured cells; in order to prevent the cell culture dishes 7 from being separated from the cell culture dish support plate 5 in the vibration process, a cell culture dish cover plate 6 is covered on each cell culture dish 7, and the cell culture dish cover plate 6 is fixed on the cell culture dish support plate 5 through a top pin 4. Specifically, the method comprises the following steps: four culture dish baffles are uniformly distributed on the outer circumference of each culture dish groove on the cell culture dish support plate 5 at intervals, threaded holes are formed in each culture dish baffle, and after the cell culture dish 7 is positioned through the culture dish baffles, the cell culture dish cover plate 6 and the culture dish baffles are fixedly connected on the cell culture dish 7 through the ejector pin 4.
The rotary driving mechanism is used for driving the box body 3 to rotate in a reciprocating manner (namely driving the box body to swing left and right). The rotary driving mechanism adopts a rotary motor A2; the front side and the rear side of the box body 3 are respectively connected with the rotating motor A2 and the supporting base 1, so that the box body 3 is driven to integrally rotate in a reciprocating manner through the reciprocating rotation of the rotating motor A2. The method specifically comprises the following steps: a hexagonal long groove used for being connected with a connecting sleeve is arranged in the middle of a front plate of the box body 3, one end of the connecting sleeve is connected with the box body 3 through a hexagonal bolt, the other end of the connecting sleeve is connected with a power output end of a rotating motor A2, and a rear plate of the box body 3 is supported on the supporting base 1 through a bearing; therefore, when the rotating motor A2 rotates, the box body 3 can be driven to rotate integrally around the axis of the rotating motor A2, namely, the box body 3 can swing left and right, and then the dish carrying mechanism in the box body 3 can swing left and right.
The supporting base 1 is used for supporting the rotating motor A2 and the box body 3; one side of the supporting base 1 is groove-shaped and is used for placing a rotating motor A; the other side is used for supporting the box body 3.
The vibration driving mechanism includes: a rotating motor B, a connecting rod 9 and a turntable 10; wherein the rotating motor B is fixed inside the box body 3, the power output end of the rotating motor B is connected with the turntable 10, and the turntable 10 is connected with the cell culture dish support plate 5 through the connecting rod 9. The connecting position of the connecting rod 9 and the rotary table 10 is a non-circle center position of the rotary table 10, namely, a connecting hole of the connecting rod 9 on the rotary table 10 is an eccentric hole. Therefore, when the rotating motor B drives the rotating disc 10 to rotate, the rotating disc 10 can drive the cell culture dish support plate 5 to slide up and down through the connecting rod 9 so as to achieve the vibrating effect. The sliding displacement of the cell culture dish support plate 5 is twice of the distance from the joint of the turntable 10 and the connecting rod 9 to the circle center of the turntable 10. When the cell culture dish support plate 5 slides up and down, the upper pulley 8 of the cell culture dish support plate 5 slides on the slide rail at the inner side of the box body, so that the effect of reducing the sliding friction force can be achieved.
The loading device can enable the cell culture dish 7 to have three modes of loading: (1) single rotation; (2) single vibration; (3) rotating and vibrating; the specific steps of loading the cell culture dish 7 by adopting the loading device are as follows:
firstly, placing a cell culture dish 7 in a culture dish groove of a rotatable dish carrying device 5; then, the cell culture dish 7 is covered with the cell culture dish cover plate 6, and the cell culture dish cover plate 6 is fixed by the knock-out pin 4.
Single rotation loading mode: and starting the rotating motor A2, driving the box body 3 to rotate by the rotating motor A2, and realizing the integral left-right swing of the dish carrying mechanism and the rotary driving mechanism.
Single vibration loading mode: the rotating motor B is started, the turntable 10 rotates, and then the cell culture dish support plate 5 is driven by the connecting rod 9 to slide up and down along the slide rail on the box body 3 so as to realize the vibration loading of the cell culture dish 7.
Rotation plus vibration loading mode: the rotary electric machine a2 and the rotary electric machine B are simultaneously started.
The amplitude of the cell culture dish support plate 5 can be adjusted by adjusting the connecting position of the connecting rod 9 on the rotary table 10, namely, the distance from the connecting position of the connecting rod 9 and the rotary table 10 to the circle center of the rotary table 10.
Although the invention has been described in detail above with reference to a general description and specific examples, it will be apparent to one skilled in the art that modifications or improvements may be made thereto based on the invention. Accordingly, such modifications and improvements are intended to be within the scope of the invention as claimed.
Claims (10)
1. Shimmy integral type cell mechanics loading device, its characterized in that includes: the device comprises a supporting base (1), a box body (3), a vibration driving mechanism, a dish carrying mechanism and a rotation driving mechanism;
the supporting base (1) is used for supporting the box body (3) and the rotary driving mechanism;
the dish carrying mechanism is positioned in the box body (3) and is used for placing a cell culture dish (7);
the vibration driving mechanism is used for driving the dish carrying mechanism to vibrate up and down in the box body (3) along the direction vertical to the bottom surface of the box body (3);
the rotary driving mechanism is directly connected with the box body (3) and is used for driving the box body (3) and the dish carrying mechanism to swing left and right integrally.
2. The shimmy integrated cellular mechanical loading device of claim 1 wherein the vibration drive mechanism comprises: a rotating motor B, a connecting rod (9) and a turntable (10);
the rotating motor B is fixed inside the box body (3), the power output end of the rotating motor B is connected with the rotary table (10), and the rotary table (10) is connected with the dish carrying mechanism through a connecting rod (9);
the connecting hole of connecting rod (9) is the eccentric orfice on carousel (10), works as rotating electrical machines B drives carousel (10) when rotating around its self axis, carousel (10) drive through connecting rod (9) carry the ware mechanism to reciprocate in box (3) in order to realize the vibration.
3. The shimmy integrated type cytomechanics loading device according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that a slide rail is arranged on the inner side surface of the box body (3); the dish carrying mechanism is in sliding fit with the sliding rails through the rollers (8), and when the dish carrying mechanism vibrates up and down in the box body (3), the pulleys (8) slide on the sliding rails on the inner side of the box body (3).
4. The shimmy integrated cellular mechanical loading device of claim 1 or 2, wherein the boat carrying mechanism comprises: a cell culture dish support plate (5) and a cell culture dish (7);
more than one cell culture dish (7) is placed on the cell culture dish support plate (5);
the cell culture dish (7) is used for placing cultured cells;
the vibration driving mechanism drives the cell culture dish support plate (5) to vibrate up and down in the box body (3).
5. The shimmy integrated cell mechanical loading device according to claim 4, wherein each cell culture dish (7) is covered with a cell culture dish cover plate (6); the cell culture dish cover plate (6) is fixed on the cell culture dish support plate (5).
6. The shimmy integrated cell mechanics loading device according to claim 5, wherein more than two culture dish baffles are distributed on the outer circumference of each culture dish groove on the cell culture dish support plate (5), and after the culture dish baffles position the cell culture dish (7), the cell culture dish cover plate (6) is fixedly connected with the culture dish baffles through the ejector pins (4).
7. The shimmy integrated cellular mechanical loading device of claim 1 or 2, wherein the rotational drive mechanism comprises: a rotating electric machine A (2); one side of the two opposite sides of the box body (3) is connected with the power output end of the rotating motor A (2), the other end of the box body is supported on the box body (3) through a bearing, and the box body (3) is driven to integrally swing in a reciprocating mode through the reciprocating rotation of the rotating motor A (2).
8. The shimmy integrated cytomechanics loading device according to claim 4, characterized in that more than two segmental culture dish grooves are arranged on the cell culture dish support plate (5), and a cell culture dish (7) is arranged above each culture dish groove.
9. The shimmy-and-shimmy integrated cytomechanics loading device of claim 8, wherein the culture dish groove is a through groove.
10. The shimmy integrated cytomechanics loading device according to claim 2, characterized in that the amplitude of the dish carrying mechanism is adjusted by adjusting the distance from the connecting hole of the connecting rod (9) on the turntable (10) to the center of the circle of the turntable (10).
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Cited By (1)
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CN114231482A (en) * | 2021-11-09 | 2022-03-25 | 北京理工大学 | Method for forming parthenogenetic female blastocyst by continuous vibration stimulation of human immature oocyte and vibration device |
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刘梦桃;张庆鸿;: "一种新型细胞力学加载装置的研制", 口腔医学, no. 07 * |
Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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CN114231482A (en) * | 2021-11-09 | 2022-03-25 | 北京理工大学 | Method for forming parthenogenetic female blastocyst by continuous vibration stimulation of human immature oocyte and vibration device |
CN114231482B (en) * | 2021-11-09 | 2023-07-14 | 北京理工大学 | Method and vibration device for forming parthenogenetic blastocyst by continuous vibration stimulation of human immature oocyte |
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