CN113857588A - Method and device for processing tooth profile of straight-tooth cylindrical gear - Google Patents
Method and device for processing tooth profile of straight-tooth cylindrical gear Download PDFInfo
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- CN113857588A CN113857588A CN202111210384.6A CN202111210384A CN113857588A CN 113857588 A CN113857588 A CN 113857588A CN 202111210384 A CN202111210384 A CN 202111210384A CN 113857588 A CN113857588 A CN 113857588A
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23F—MAKING GEARS OR TOOTHED RACKS
- B23F23/00—Accessories or equipment combined with or arranged in, or specially designed to form part of, gear-cutting machines
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23F—MAKING GEARS OR TOOTHED RACKS
- B23F23/00—Accessories or equipment combined with or arranged in, or specially designed to form part of, gear-cutting machines
- B23F23/02—Loading, unloading or chucking arrangements for workpieces
- B23F23/06—Chucking arrangements
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of gear processing equipment, and discloses a method and a device for processing a tooth profile of a straight spur gear. The machining device comprises a linkage device, a water jet injection device, a tooth-shaped forming cutter, a conversion device, a machining waste collecting device, a workbench, a positioning device, a pressing device and a protection device, wherein the linkage device is a three-axis linkage mechanism, the water jet injection device and the tooth-shaped forming cutter are controlled by the conversion device and connected with the linkage device, a liquid leakage groove is formed in the workbench, the positioning device comprises a chuck, a movable clamping jaw and a telescopic protection cover, and the pressing device comprises a screw rod, a pressure plate and a locking nut. The invention also provides a tooth profile processing method combining rapid forming rough processing and one-step forming finish processing. The processing method and the device provided by the invention can realize simultaneous processing of a group of gear blanks, and can greatly improve the production efficiency while improving the tooth profile precision and the quality uniformity.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of gear processing equipment, and particularly relates to a method and a device for processing a tooth profile of a straight spur gear.
Background
The gear transmission has the advantages of high transmission efficiency, stable transmission ratio, compact structure, reliable work, long service life and the like, is the most common mechanical transmission mode used in modern industrial production, and is widely applied to the industries of automobiles, ships, engineering machinery, rail transit, electric power, aerospace and the like. The machining quality of the gear directly determines the stability, accuracy and reliability of gear transmission, and the key for ensuring the reliable and stable operation of mechanical products is to improve the machining quality of the gear.
The key of gear machining is tooth profile machining, currently, in industrial production, the machining of straight-tooth cylindrical gears is mainly performed in cutting machining modes such as hobbing, gear milling, gear shaping, gear shaving, gear grinding and the like, in the machining methods, machined parts are single parts, the production efficiency is low, the energy consumption is high, and the machined gears have the problems of uneven machining quality, poor forming precision and the like, and cannot meet the current increasing production requirements.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problems in the processing of the tooth profile of the straight-tooth cylindrical gear, the invention provides a processing device for the tooth profile of the straight-tooth cylindrical gear, and a processing method combining rapid forming rough processing and one-step forming fine processing is adopted, so that the production efficiency and the processing quality of gear processing are greatly improved.
The invention adopts the specific technical scheme that: a straight-tooth cylindrical gear tooth profile processing device comprises a linkage device, a water jet injection device, a tooth profile forming cutter, a conversion device, a processing waste collection device, a workbench, a positioning device, a pressing device and a protection device;
the linkage device has freedom of movement in three directions of x, y and z axes, and the three axes of x, y and z can realize linkage;
the water jet injection device can be arranged on the linkage device, can inject the ultrahigh pressure water jet, and has linkage in the three directions of x, y and z axes;
the tooth profile forming tool can be mounted on a linkage device, the tooth profile forming tool is cylindrical, a cutting edge for tooth profile processing is processed on the inner surface of the tooth profile forming tool, the profile of an effective processing area of the cutting edge is consistent with the profile of a grooved gear wheel of a processed gear, the number of the cutting edges is consistent with the number of the grooved gear of the processed gear, the effective processing length of the cutting edge is not less than the sum of the thicknesses of all blank pieces, the diameter of a top circle formed by the cutting edge is equal to the diameter of a root circle of the processed gear, and the diameter of the root circle formed by the cutting edge is equal to the diameter of the top circle of the processed gear, namely the diameter of the blank piece;
the conversion device is used for controlling the conversion of the water jet injection device and the tooth-shaped forming cutter, so that the corresponding water jet injection device or the tooth-shaped forming cutter is selected to be installed and connected with the linkage device under different processing procedures;
the processing waste collecting device is positioned at the bottom and used for collecting processing waste;
the worktable is provided with a liquid leakage groove for enabling processing waste to flow into the processing waste collecting device;
the positioning device is fixedly arranged on the workbench and comprises a chuck, movable clamping jaws and a telescopic protective cover, wherein clamping grooves which are uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction of the chuck are arranged on one end surface of the chuck, the direction of the clamping grooves is along the radial direction of the chuck, the cross sections of the clamping grooves are in the shape of the longitudinal section of a conical bottle, the number of the clamping grooves is 3, clamping jaw guide rails are arranged at one ends of the movable clamping jaws, the clamping jaw guide rails are matched with the clamping grooves and can slide along the clamping grooves, the contact sides of the movable clamping jaws and blank pieces are of concave structures, the effective heights of the movable clamping jaws are not less than the sum of the thicknesses of all blank pieces, the number of the movable clamping jaws is the same as the number of the clamping grooves, the distances from the centers of all the movable clamping jaws to the center of the chuck are equal and can be simultaneously approached or scattered along the radial direction of the chuck, the maximum clamping diameter of all the movable clamping jaws is not less than the diameter of the blank pieces, the telescopic protective cover is arranged on the clamping grooves, and the upper plane of the telescopic protective cover is coincided with the upper plane of the chuck, the telescopic protective cover is connected with the chuck and the movable clamping jaws and can prevent the processing waste liquid from flowing into the clamping grooves;
the pressing device comprises a screw, a pressing plate and a locking nut, the screw is fixedly connected to the chuck, the axis of the screw is superposed with the axis of the chuck and is perpendicular to the upper end face of the chuck, the diameter of the screw is not larger than the diameter of the minimum shaft hole of the blank, the number of the pressing plates is 2, a through hole is formed in the center of each pressing plate, the diameter of each through hole is equal to that of the screw, one end face of each pressing plate is provided with supporting columns which are uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction, the number of the supporting columns is not less than 3, the heights of all the supporting columns are consistent, the distribution positions of the supporting columns need to ensure that all the supporting columns are in effective and reliable contact with the end face non-processing areas of the blank, and the locking nut is used for pressing and fixing all the blanks through the screw and the pressing plate;
the protection device is arranged on the workbench and is of a box-type structure, is used for preventing processing waste from polluting the surrounding environment, and is provided with corresponding holes, notches and the like according to actual conditions, so that other parts can be conveniently installed.
The cutting edge is made of hard alloy, ceramic or cubic boron nitride;
the functions of the linkage device, the water jet injection device, the tooth-shaped forming cutter, the conversion device and the positioning device are all controlled by a numerical control system.
Further, the method for processing the tooth profile of the straight spur gear comprises quick forming rough processing and one-step forming fine processing, and comprises the following specific steps:
step 1): controlling the positioning device through a numerical control system to enable all movable jaws to move to the positions farthest away from the center of the chuck to reach the maximum clamping diameter;
step 2): fixedly connecting a screw rod to a chuck, enabling the axis of the screw rod to be superposed with the axis of the chuck and be vertical to the upper end face of the chuck, sleeving one pressure plate into the screw rod through a through hole, and enabling one end with a support column to face upwards;
step 3): sleeving a plurality of blank pieces into the screw rod through the shaft holes in sequence, and simultaneously ensuring that the lower end surface non-processing area of the first blank piece is effectively and reliably contacted with all supporting columns;
step 4): controlling the positioning device through a numerical control system to enable all movable clamping jaws to move towards the center of the chuck and clamp the stacked workpieces to be processed, so that all blank pieces are coaxial;
step 5): sleeving the other pressure plate into the screw through the through hole, enabling one end with the supporting columns to face downwards, and simultaneously ensuring that the non-processing area of the upper end face of the blank which is finally placed is effectively and reliably contacted with all the supporting columns;
step 6): screwing the locking nut to complete the positioning and pressing of the blank;
step 7): repeating step 1);
step 8): controlling the conversion device through a numerical control system to enable the water jet injection device to be installed on the linkage device;
step 9): controlling the jetting of the ultrahigh-pressure water jet by a numerical control system, controlling the ultrahigh-pressure water jet by a water jet jetting device through a linkage device to cut and process a blank according to a set motion track, wherein the machining allowance is 0.3-0.5 mm, and rapidly machining the shape of the gear tooth profile to finish rapid forming rough machining;
step 10): controlling the conversion device through a numerical control system, changing the water jet injection device from the linkage device, and installing a tooth-shaped forming cutter on the linkage device;
step 11): the tooth-shaped forming cutter carries out primary forming finish machining on the workpiece subjected to rapid forming rough machining according to a set motion track through a linkage device, cooling liquid is sprayed in the machining process, and the workpiece is closed after the machining process is finished;
step 12): and controlling the linkage device and the tooth-shaped forming cutter to reset through a numerical control system, and disassembling and cleaning the processed gear to finish processing.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
1. the straight-tooth cylindrical gear tooth-shaped processing device provided by the invention has the advantages of simple structure, high reliability, convenience in operation and maintenance and the like;
2. according to the method and the device for processing the tooth profile of the straight-tooth cylindrical gear, the automatic process switching device is used for automatically switching and controlling different processing tools, so that the processing time can be greatly saved;
3. according to the method and the device for processing the tooth profile of the straight-tooth cylindrical gear, provided by the invention, a group of gear blank pieces can be simultaneously processed, and a rough processing method for quickly removing materials and a finishing processing method for a special forming cutter are adopted, so that the processing production efficiency and the tooth profile precision after processing are greatly improved;
4. according to the method and the device for processing the tooth profile of the straight-tooth cylindrical gear, the positioning device and the pressing device are adopted to position, press and fix a plurality of gear blank pieces, and the uniformity of the quality of each processed gear can be guaranteed.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of a spur gear tooth profile processing apparatus according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a tooth forming tool according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a positioning device according to the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic structural view of a movable jaw of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the platen configuration of the present invention;
in the above drawings: 1. a linkage device; 2. a water jet injection device; 3. a tooth-shaped forming cutter; 3-1, a cutting edge; 4. a conversion device; 5. a processing waste collection device; 6. a work table; 6-1, a liquid leakage groove; 7. a positioning device; 7-1, chuck; 7-1-1, a clamping groove; 7-2, movable claws; 7-2-1, jaw guide rails; 7-3, a telescopic protective cover; 8. a pressing device; 8-1, screw; 8-2, pressing a plate; 8-2-1, through holes; 8-2-2, a support column; 8-3, locking a nut; 9. a guard; 10. a blank member.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be further explained with reference to fig. 1 to 5 by taking an example of processing a group of 6 spur gears with a modulus of 3, a tooth number of 25, a tip circle diameter of 81mm, a root circle diameter of 67.5mm, a tooth width of 10mm, and a shaft hole diameter of 20 mm.
A straight toothed spur gear tooth profile processing device comprises a linkage device 1, a water jet injection device 2, a tooth profile forming cutter 3, a conversion device 4, a processing waste collection device 5, a workbench 6, a positioning device 7, a pressing device 8 and a protection device 9;
the linkage device 1 has freedom of movement in three directions of x, y and z axes, the x, y and z axes can realize linkage, and the function of the linkage device 1 is controlled by a numerical control system;
the water jet injection device 2 can be arranged on the linkage device 1, can inject the ultrahigh pressure water jet, has linkage in three directions of x, y and z axes, and realizes the function of the water jet injection device 2 controlled by a numerical control system;
in the embodiment, the tooth profile forming tool 3 is designed according to the specification of a machined part, the tooth profile forming tool 3 can be installed on the linkage device 1, the tooth profile forming tool 3 is cylindrical, the inner surface of the tooth profile forming tool 3 is provided with a cutting edge 3-1 for tooth profile machining, the cutting edge 3-1 is made of hard alloy, the profile of an effective machining area of the cutting edge 3-1 is consistent with the profile of a tooth groove of a machined straight spur gear, the number of the cutting edges 3-1 is 25, the effective machining length of the cutting edge 3-1 is 80mm, the diameter of a top circle formed by the cutting edge 3-1 is 67.5mm, the diameter of a root circle formed by the cutting edge 3-1 is 81mm, and the function of the tooth profile forming tool 3 is controlled by a numerical control system;
the conversion device 4 is used for conversion control of the water jet injection device 2 and the tooth-shaped forming cutter 3, so that the corresponding water jet injection device 2 or the tooth-shaped forming cutter 3 is selected to be installed and connected with the linkage device 1 under different processing procedures, and the function of the conversion device 4 is controlled by a numerical control system;
the processing waste collecting device 5 is positioned at the bottom and used for collecting processing waste;
a liquid leakage groove 6-1 is formed in the workbench 6, and the processing waste can flow into the processing waste collecting device 5 through the liquid leakage groove 6-1;
the positioning device 7 is fixedly arranged on the workbench 6 and comprises a chuck 7-1, movable claws 7-2 and a telescopic protective cover 7-3, wherein one end face of the chuck 7-1 is provided with clamping grooves 7-1-1 which are uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction, the direction of the clamping grooves 7-1-1 is along the radius direction of the chuck 7-1, the section of each clamping groove 7-1-1 is in the shape of the longitudinal section of a conical bottle, the number of the clamping grooves 7-1-1 is 3, one end of each movable claw 7-2 is provided with a claw guide rail 7-2-1, the claw guide rails 7-2-1 are matched with the clamping grooves 7-1-1 and can slide along the clamping grooves 7-1-1, the contact side of each movable claw 7-2 and the blank 10 is of a concave structure, the effective height of each movable claw 7-2 is set to be 70mm, the number of the movable clamping jaws 7-2 is 3, the distances from all the movable clamping jaws 7-2 to the center of the chuck 7-1 are equal, the movable clamping jaws 7-2 can simultaneously approach or disperse along the radius direction of the chuck 7-1, the maximum clamping diameter of the movable clamping jaws 7-2 is set to be 200mm, the telescopic protective cover 7-3 is arranged on the clamping groove 7-1-1, the telescopic protective cover 7-3 is an elastic component, the movement of the movable claw 7-2 can drive the protective cover 7-3 to elastically contract and stretch, the processing waste liquid can be prevented from flowing into the clamping groove, the upper plane of the telescopic protective cover 7-3 is superposed with the upper plane of the chuck 7-1, the telescopic protective cover 7-3 is connected with the chuck 7-1 and the movable clamping jaw 7-2, and the function of the positioning device 7 is controlled by a numerical control system;
the pressing device 8 comprises a screw rod 8-1, a pressure plate 8-2 and a locking nut 8-3, the screw rod 8-1 is fixedly connected to a chuck 7-1, specifically, the center of the chuck 7-1 is provided with a screw hole, the screw rod 8-1 can be detachably installed on the screw rod 8-1, the axis of the screw rod 8-1 is superposed with the axis of the chuck 7-1 and is vertical to the upper end face of the chuck 7-1, the diameter of the screw rod 8-1 is set to be 16mm, the number of the pressure plates 8-2 is 2, the center of the pressure plate 8-2 is provided with a through hole 8-2-1, the diameter of the through hole 8-2-1 is equal to 16mm, one end face of the pressure plate 8-2 is provided with support columns 8-2-2 which are uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction, the number of the support columns 8-2-2 is set to be 3, and the heights of all the support columns 8-2-2 are consistent, the distribution positions of the support columns 8-2-2 can ensure that all the support columns 8-2-2 are effectively and reliably contacted with the end surface non-processing area of the blank 10, and the locking nut 8-3 is used for tightly pressing and fixing all the blanks 10 through the screw 8-1 and the pressure plate 8-2;
the protective device 9 is arranged on the workbench 6 and is of a box-shaped structure and used for preventing processing waste from polluting the surrounding environment, and the protective device 9 can be provided with corresponding holes, notches and the like according to actual conditions so as to facilitate the installation of other parts;
a method for processing the tooth profile of a straight spur gear comprises the steps of rapid forming rough processing and one-step forming fine processing, and comprises the following specific steps:
step 1): controlling the positioning device 7 through a numerical control system to enable all the movable jaws 7-2 to move to the positions farthest away from the center of the chuck 7-1 to reach the maximum clamping diameter of 200 mm;
step 2): fixedly connecting a screw 8-1 to a chuck 7-1, enabling the axis of the screw 8-1 to be coincident with the axis of the chuck 7-1 and perpendicular to the upper end face of the chuck 7-1, sleeving one pressure plate 8-2 into the screw 8-1 through a through hole 8-2-1, and enabling one end with a support column 8-2-2 to face upwards;
step 3): sleeving 6 blank pieces 10 into the screw rod 8-1 sequentially through the shaft holes, wherein the diameter of each blank piece 10 is 81mm, the thickness of each blank piece 10 is 10mm, and meanwhile, the lower end face non-processing area of the first blank piece 10 is guaranteed to be in effective and reliable contact with all support columns 8-2-2;
step 4): controlling the positioning device 7 through a numerical control system to enable all movable clamping jaws 7-2 to move towards the center of the chuck 7-1 and clamp the overlapped workpieces to be processed, so that all blank pieces 10 are coaxial;
step 5): another pressure plate 8-2 is sleeved into the screw 8-1 through the through hole 8-2-1, so that one end with the supporting column 8-2-2 faces downwards, and the non-processing area of the upper end face of the blank 10 placed at last is guaranteed to be effectively and reliably contacted with all the supporting columns (8-2-2);
step 6): tightening the locking nut 8-3 to complete positioning and pressing of the blank 10;
step 7): repeating step 1); the movable clamping jaw is only used for positioning, and positioning can be cancelled after positioning and clamping are carried out;
step 8): controlling the conversion device 4 through a numerical control system to enable the water jet injection device 2 to be installed on the linkage device 1;
step 9): controlling the jetting of the ultrahigh pressure water jet by a numerical control system, controlling the ultrahigh pressure water jet by a water jet jetting device 2 through a linkage device 1 to cut and process a blank 10 according to a set motion track, setting the machining allowance to be 0.3mm, and rapidly machining the shape of the gear tooth profile to finish rapid forming rough machining;
step 10): controlling the conversion device 4 through a numerical control system, changing the water jet injection device 2 from the linkage device 1, and installing the tooth-shaped forming cutter 3 on the linkage device 1;
step 11): the tooth-shaped forming cutter 3 carries out primary forming finish machining on a workpiece subjected to rapid forming rough machining according to a set motion track through the linkage device 1, cooling liquid is sprayed in the machining process, and the workpiece is closed after the finish machining;
step 12): and controlling the linkage device 1 and the tooth-shaped forming cutter 3 to reset through a numerical control system, and disassembling and cleaning the processed gear to finish processing.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the technical scope of the present invention, so that any simple modification, change or equivalent structural change made on the above embodiment according to the technical spirit of the present invention is still within the protection scope of the technical solution of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A straight-tooth cylindrical gear tooth profile processing device is characterized by comprising a linkage device (1), a processing device, a processing waste collecting device (5), a workbench (6), a positioning device (7) and a pressing device (8); workstation (6) top sets up positioner (7) and closing device (8), workstation (6) below sets up processing garbage collection device (5), aggregate unit (1) links to each other with processingequipment, and it is in the top of workstation (6), aggregate unit (1) be used for adjusting processingequipment's space position appearance, positioner (7) are used for the blank of the different specifications of centre gripping, closing device (8) are used for compressing tightly the blank that is in on positioner (7), processingequipment includes profile of tooth shaping cutter (3), profile of tooth shaping cutter (3) are used for processing the blank for straight-tooth spur gear, processing garbage collection device (5) are used for collecting the processing waste.
2. The spur gear tooth form machining device according to claim 1, wherein the linkage (1) has freedom of movement in three directions of x, y, and z axes, and the three axes x, y, and z are linked.
3. The straight-toothed cylindrical gear tooth profile machining device according to claim 1, characterized in that the machining device further comprises a water jet injection device (2), wherein the water jet injection device (2) is mounted on the linkage device (1) and can inject ultrahigh-pressure water jet, and the linkage device has linkage in three directions of x, y and z axes; the tooth profile forming tool (3) is installed on the linkage device (1), the tooth profile forming tool (3) is cylindrical, cutting edges (3-1) for tooth profile processing are processed on the inner surface of the tooth profile forming tool (3), the effective processing area profile of the cutting edges (3-1) is consistent with the tooth sheave profile shape of a processed gear, the number of the cutting edges (3-1) is consistent with the number of the tooth grooves of the processed gear, the effective processing length of the cutting edges (3-1) is not smaller than the sum of the thicknesses of all blank pieces (10), the diameter of a top circle formed by the cutting edges (3-1) is equal to the diameter of the tooth top circle of the processed gear, namely the diameter of the blank piece (10); the material of the cutting edge (3-1) comprises hard alloy, ceramic or cubic boron nitride.
4. The straight-tooth cylindrical gear tooth profile machining device according to claim 3, characterized by further comprising a conversion device (4), wherein the conversion device (4) is used for controlling conversion of the water jet injection device (2) and the tooth profile forming tool (3), so that the corresponding water jet injection device (2) or the tooth profile forming tool (3) is selected to be installed and connected with the linkage device (1) under different machining procedures.
5. The spur-gear tooth-form machining apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the table (6) is provided with a liquid leaking tank (6-1), and the liquid leaking tank (6-1) is used for flowing machining waste into the machining waste collecting device (5).
6. The straight-tooth cylindrical gear tooth profile processing device according to claim 1, wherein the positioning device (7) is fixedly installed on the workbench (6), the positioning device (7) comprises a chuck (7-1), a movable jaw (7-2) and a telescopic protective cover (7-3), one end face of the chuck (7-1) is provided with clamping grooves (7-1-1) which are uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction of the chuck (7-1), the direction of the clamping grooves (7-1-1) is along the radial direction of the chuck (7-1), the cross section of the clamping grooves (7-1-1) is in the shape of a conical bottle longitudinal section, one end of the movable jaw (7-2) is provided with a jaw guide rail (7-2-1), the jaw guide rail (7-2-1) is matched with the clamping grooves (7-1-1) and can slide along the clamping grooves (7-1-1), the contact side of the movable clamping jaws (7-2) and the blank (10) is of a concave structure, the effective height of the movable clamping jaws (7-2) is not less than the sum of the thicknesses of all the blanks (10), the number of the movable clamping jaws (7-2) is the same as that of the clamping grooves (7-1-1), the distances from all the movable clamping jaws (7-2) to the center of the clamping chuck (7-1) are equal and can be simultaneously approached or dispersed along the radius direction of the clamping chuck (7-1), the maximum clamping diameter of all the movable clamping jaws (7-2) is not less than the diameter of the blanks (10), the telescopic protective covers (7-3) are arranged on the clamping grooves (7-1-1), the upper planes of the telescopic protective covers (7-3) are overlapped with the upper planes of the clamping chuck (7-1), and the telescopic protective covers (7-3) are connected with the clamping chuck (7-1) and the movable clamping jaws (7-2), the telescopic protective cover (7-3) is used for preventing the processing waste liquid from flowing into the clamping groove (7-1-1).
7. The straight-tooth cylindrical gear tooth form processing device according to claim 1, wherein the pressing device (8) comprises a screw (8-1), a pressure plate (8-2) and a locking nut (8-3), the screw (8-1) is fixedly connected to the chuck (7-1), the axis of the screw (8-1) is overlapped with the axis of the chuck (7-1) and is perpendicular to the upper end face of the chuck (7-1), the diameter of the screw (8-1) is not larger than the minimum shaft hole diameter of the blank (10), the number of the pressure plates (8-2) is 2, a through hole (8-2-1) is formed in the center of each pressure plate (8-2), the diameter of the through hole (8-2-1) is equal to that of the screw (8-1), one end face of each pressure plate (8-2) is provided with support pillars (8-2-2) uniformly arranged along the circumferential direction, the number of the supporting columns (8-2-2) is not less than 3, the heights of all the supporting columns (8-2-2) are consistent, the distribution positions of the supporting columns (8-2-2) need to ensure that all the supporting columns (8-2-2) are effectively and reliably contacted with the end surface non-processing area of the blank (10), and the locking nuts (8-3) are used for pressing and fixing all the blanks (10) through the screws (8-1) and the pressing discs (8-2).
8. The spur gear tooth profile processing apparatus according to claim 1, further comprising a guard (9), wherein the guard (9) is mounted on the table (6) and has a box-type structure, and the guard (9) is used for preventing processing waste from polluting the surrounding environment.
9. The straight-tooth cylindrical gear tooth form processing device according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that the functions of the linkage device (1), the water jet injection device (2), the tooth form forming cutter (3), the conversion device (4) and the positioning device (7) are all controlled by a numerical control system.
10. A method for processing the tooth profile of a straight spur gear, which adopts the tooth profile processing device of the straight spur gear as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 8, and comprises the steps of rapid forming rough processing and one-step forming fine processing, and is characterized by comprising the following specific steps:
step 1: the positioning device (7) is controlled by a numerical control system, so that all movable jaws (7-2) move to the positions farthest away from the center of the chuck (7-1) to reach the maximum clamping diameter;
step 2: fixedly connecting a screw rod (8-1) to a chuck (7-1), enabling the axis of the screw rod (8-1) to be coincident with the axis of the chuck (7-1) and to be perpendicular to the upper end face of the chuck (7-1), sleeving one pressure plate (8-2) into the screw rod (8-1) through a through hole (8-2-1), and enabling one end with a supporting column (8-2-2) to face upwards;
and step 3: sleeving a plurality of blank pieces (10) into the screw (8-1) sequentially through the shaft holes, and simultaneously ensuring that the lower end surface non-processing area of the first blank piece (10) is effectively and reliably contacted with all supporting columns (8-2-2);
and 4, step 4: controlling the positioning device (7) through a numerical control system to enable all movable clamping jaws (7-2) to move towards the center of the chuck (7-1) and clamp overlapped workpieces to be processed, so that all blank pieces (10) are coaxial;
and 5: another pressure plate (8-2) is sleeved into the screw (8-1) through the through hole (8-2-1), one end with the supporting column (8-2-2) faces downwards, and meanwhile, the non-processing area of the upper end face of the blank (10) placed at last is guaranteed to be effectively and reliably contacted with all the supporting columns (8-2-2);
step 6: tightening the locking nut (8-3) to complete the positioning and pressing of the blank (10);
and 7: repeating the step 1;
and 8: controlling the conversion device (4) through a numerical control system to enable the water jet injection device (2) to be installed on the linkage device (1);
and step 9: controlling the jetting of the ultrahigh-pressure water jet by a numerical control system, controlling the ultrahigh-pressure water jet by a water jet jetting device (2) through a linkage device (1) to cut and process a blank (10) according to a set motion track, wherein the machining allowance is 0.3-0.5 mm, and rapidly machining the shape of the gear tooth profile to finish rapid forming and rough machining;
step 10: controlling the conversion device (4) through a numerical control system, changing the water jet injection device (2) from the linkage device (1), and installing the tooth-shaped forming cutter (3) on the linkage device (1);
step 11: the tooth-shaped forming cutter (3) carries out primary forming and finish machining on a workpiece subjected to rapid forming and rough machining according to a set motion track through the linkage device (1), cooling liquid is sprayed in the machining process, and the workpiece is closed after the machining is finished;
step 12: and controlling the linkage device (1) and the tooth-shaped forming cutter (3) to reset through a numerical control system, and disassembling and cleaning the machined gear to finish machining.
Priority Applications (1)
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| CN113857588B (en) | 2023-03-28 |
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