CN113857587A - Numerical control spiral bevel gear lapping machine tool - Google Patents
Numerical control spiral bevel gear lapping machine tool Download PDFInfo
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- CN113857587A CN113857587A CN202111241286.9A CN202111241286A CN113857587A CN 113857587 A CN113857587 A CN 113857587A CN 202111241286 A CN202111241286 A CN 202111241286A CN 113857587 A CN113857587 A CN 113857587A
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23F—MAKING GEARS OR TOOTHED RACKS
- B23F9/00—Making gears having teeth curved in their longitudinal direction
- B23F9/02—Making gears having teeth curved in their longitudinal direction by grinding
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23F—MAKING GEARS OR TOOTHED RACKS
- B23F23/00—Accessories or equipment combined with or arranged in, or specially designed to form part of, gear-cutting machines
- B23F23/12—Other devices, e.g. tool holders; Checking devices for controlling workpieces in machines for manufacturing gear teeth
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Abstract
The invention discloses a numerical control spiral bevel gear lapping machine tool, comprising: the lathe bed, big wheel headstock, small wheel headstock and slip table, the slip table sets up in the upper end of lathe bed with removing along horizontal Z axle direction, and big wheel headstock sets up in the upper end of slip table with removing along horizontal Y axle direction, is provided with big wheel revolving shaft along Z axle direction in the big wheel headstock, and the small wheel headstock sets up in the front end of lathe bed with removing along vertical X axle direction, is provided with the small wheel revolving shaft along X axle direction in the small wheel headstock. The horizontal size of the invention can be reduced, thereby realizing the optimized reduction of the occupied area. Meanwhile, the large wheel revolving shaft faces the operator, so that the operator can conveniently detach the large wheel. The diameter of the small wheel is smaller than that of the large wheel, but the axial length of the small wheel is longer than that of the large wheel.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to gear processing equipment, in particular to a numerical control spiral bevel gear lapping machine tool.
Background
The numerical control spiral bevel gear lapping machine tool is mainly used for precisely lapping the spiral bevel gear and the hypoid gear in pairs, correcting the deformation of the heat treatment of the gear, improving the smoothness of the tooth surface, correcting the position and the size of a contact area, improving the bearing capacity of the gear, and achieving the purposes of stable transmission, noise reduction and prolonged service life of the gear. The processing method is that a pair of bevel gears are installed on two corresponding main shafts of a lapping machine, a certain backlash is kept, the bevel gears simultaneously shake at a high speed and in a micro-scale mode along the axial direction and the offset direction of a large wheel and a small wheel, a certain pressure is applied to meshing points of the bevel gears, grinding liquid with proper pressure and flow is sprayed, and the bevel gears are ground until the tooth surfaces meet the requirements of contact areas.
In the prior art, the helical bevel gear pair lapping machine tool adopts a horizontal structure, as shown in fig. 4, the structure mainly comprises: the machine tool comprises a machine tool body 100, a large wheel spindle box 400, a Y-axis transmission mechanism (offset distance), a vertical column 200, an X-axis transmission mechanism (small wheel axial direction), a small wheel spindle box 300 and a Z-axis transmission mechanism (large wheel axial direction); the upright column 200 is arranged on the lathe bed 100 and realizes the X-axis direction movement through an X-axis transmission mechanism; the big wheel spindle box 400 is laterally hung at the front end of the upright post 200 and realizes vertical movement (offset) through a Y-axis transmission mechanism, and a big wheel revolving shaft is arranged in the big wheel spindle box 400 along the Z-axis direction; the small wheel spindle box 300 is installed on the machine body 100 and realizes the Z-axis direction movement through a Z-axis transmission mechanism, a small wheel rotating shaft is arranged in the small wheel spindle box 300 along the X-axis direction, and the Z-axis transmission mechanism is a structure capable of converting flexibility and rigidity so as to realize the automatic flexible gear pair and large wheel axial movement. The structure currently has the following drawbacks:
1. two shafts (X shaft and Z shaft) of the machine tool are horizontally arranged, so that the occupied area is large;
2. the large wheel is installed laterally, so that the operation is inconvenient;
3. automatic feeding and discharging are not easy to realize;
4. the weight of the upright column 200 and the large wheel spindle box 400 is large, so that the energy consumption of the X-axis transmission mechanism is large.
Disclosure of Invention
The present invention is directed to solving at least one of the problems of the prior art. Therefore, the invention provides a numerical control spiral bevel gear lapping machine tool which can solve the problems of difficult feeding and discharging and overlarge occupied area.
According to the embodiment of the invention, the numerical control spiral bevel gear lapping machine tool comprises: lathe bed, bull wheel headstock, steamboat headstock and slip table, the slip table sets up with removing along horizontally Z axle direction the upper end of lathe bed, bull wheel headstock sets up with removing along horizontally Y axle direction the upper end of slip table, be provided with bull wheel gyration pivot along Z axle direction in the bull wheel headstock, steamboat headstock sets up with removing along vertical X axle direction the front end of lathe bed, be provided with the steamboat gyration pivot along X axle direction in the steamboat headstock.
According to the embodiment of the invention, at least the following technical effects are achieved:
according to the invention adopting the structure, the small wheel rotating shaft is vertically upwards arranged, and the small wheel rotating shaft and the large wheel rotating shaft are overlapped in the height direction, so that the width dimension of the corresponding main spindle box is smaller than the dimension in the axial length direction, and the offset movement stroke in the Y-axis direction is also smaller than the axial movement stroke of the small wheel and the large wheel, therefore, the horizontal dimension of the invention adopting the structure can be reduced, and the optimization reduction of the occupied area is realized. Meanwhile, the large wheel revolving shaft faces the operator, so that the operator can conveniently detach the large wheel. The diameter of the small wheel is smaller than that of the large wheel, but the axial length of the small wheel is longer than that of the large wheel.
According to some embodiments of the invention, a Z-axis linear guide rail is arranged at the upper end of the bed, the sliding table is mounted on the Z-axis linear guide rail, and a Z-axis driving mechanism is arranged between the bed and the sliding table and used for controlling the sliding table to move on the Z-axis linear guide rail.
According to some embodiments of the invention, a Y-axis linear guide rail is arranged at the upper end of the sliding table, the large wheel spindle box is mounted on the Y-axis linear guide rail, and a Y-axis driving mechanism is arranged between the sliding table and the large wheel spindle box and is used for controlling the large wheel spindle box to move on the Y-axis linear guide rail.
According to some embodiments of the invention, the front end of the machine tool body is provided with an X-axis linear guide rail, the small wheel headstock is mounted on the X-axis linear guide rail, and an X-axis driving mechanism is arranged between the machine tool body and the small wheel headstock and is used for controlling the small wheel headstock to move on the X-axis linear guide rail.
According to some embodiments of the invention, the Z-axis driving mechanism is provided with a Z-axis servo motor, a Z-axis synchronous belt, a Z-axis ball screw pair and a flexible tooth aligning structure, the Z-axis servo motor is mounted on the machine body and drives the Z-axis ball screw pair through the Z-axis synchronous belt, and the Z-axis ball screw pair pushes the flexible tooth aligning structure and further pushes the sliding table.
According to some embodiments of the invention, the Y-axis driving mechanism is provided with a Y-axis servo motor, a Y-axis synchronous belt and a Y-axis ball screw pair, wherein the Y-axis servo motor is mounted on the sliding table and drives the Y-axis ball screw pair through the Y-axis synchronous belt to control the large-wheel spindle box to move.
According to some embodiments of the invention, the X-axis driving mechanism is provided with an X-axis reducer, an X-axis servo motor and an X-axis ball screw pair, wherein the X-axis servo motor is mounted on the machine body and drives the X-axis ball screw pair through the X-axis reducer so as to control the small wheel spindle box to move.
According to some embodiments of the invention, a large wheel spindle servo motor is arranged at the upper end of the large wheel spindle box, the large wheel spindle servo motor drives the rear end of the large wheel rotating shaft through a large wheel spindle synchronous belt, and a large wheel mounting station is arranged at the front end of the large wheel rotating shaft.
According to some embodiments of the present invention, a small wheel spindle servo motor is provided at one side of the small wheel spindle box, the small wheel spindle servo motor drives a lower end of the small wheel rotating shaft through a small wheel spindle synchronous belt, and an upper end of the small wheel rotating shaft is provided with a small wheel mounting station.
Additional aspects and advantages of the invention will be set forth in part in the description which follows and, in part, will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of the invention.
Drawings
The above and/or additional aspects and advantages of the present invention will become apparent and readily appreciated from the following description of the embodiments, taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings of which:
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a first perspective of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a second perspective of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a third perspective of the present invention;
fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of a conventional structure.
Detailed Description
Reference will now be made in detail to embodiments of the present invention, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings, wherein like or similar reference numerals refer to the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar function throughout. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are illustrative only for the purpose of explaining the present invention, and are not to be construed as limiting the present invention.
In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "length", "width", "thickness", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "axial", "radial", "circumferential", and the like, indicate orientations and positional relationships based on the orientations and positional relationships shown in the drawings, and are used merely for convenience in describing the present invention and for simplicity in description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element so referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and therefore, should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Furthermore, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of the present invention, "a plurality" means two or more unless otherwise specified.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly, e.g., as meaning either a fixed connection, a removable connection, or an integral connection; can be mechanically or electrically connected; they may be connected directly or indirectly through intervening media, or they may be interconnected between two elements. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood in specific cases to those skilled in the art.
Referring to fig. 1 to 4, the present invention provides a numerical control spiral bevel gear lapping machine tool, comprising: the lathe comprises a lathe bed 100, a large wheel spindle box 400, a small wheel spindle box 300 and a sliding table 500, wherein the sliding table 500 is movably arranged at the upper end of the lathe bed 100 along the horizontal Z-axis direction, the large wheel spindle box 400 is movably arranged at the upper end of the sliding table 500 along the horizontal Y-axis direction, a large wheel revolving shaft 402 is arranged in the large wheel spindle box 400 along the Z-axis direction, the small wheel spindle box 300 is movably arranged at the front end of the lathe bed 100 along the vertical X-axis direction, and a small wheel revolving shaft 302 is arranged in the small wheel spindle box 300 along the X-axis direction.
According to the invention adopting the structure, the small wheel rotating shaft 302 is vertically arranged upwards, the small wheel rotating shaft 302 and the large wheel rotating shaft 402 are overlapped in the height direction, so that the width dimension of the corresponding spindle box is smaller than the dimension in the axial length direction, and the offset movement stroke in the Y-axis direction is also smaller than the axial movement stroke of the small wheel and the large wheel, therefore, the horizontal dimension of the invention adopting the structure can be reduced, and the optimization and reduction of the occupied area are realized. Meanwhile, the large wheel revolving shaft 402 faces the operator, so that the operator can conveniently detach the large wheel. The diameter of the small wheel is smaller than that of the large wheel, but the axial length of the small wheel is longer than that of the large wheel.
In some embodiments of the present invention, a Z-axis linear guide is disposed at the upper end of the bed 100, the sliding table 500 is mounted on the Z-axis linear guide, and a Z-axis driving mechanism is disposed between the bed 100 and the sliding table 500 and is used for controlling the sliding table 500 to move on the Z-axis linear guide. The upper end of the sliding table 500 is provided with a Y-axis linear guide rail, the large wheel spindle box 400 is mounted on the Y-axis linear guide rail, and a Y-axis driving mechanism is arranged between the sliding table 500 and the large wheel spindle box 400 and is used for controlling the large wheel spindle box 400 to move on the Y-axis linear guide rail. An X-axis linear guide rail is arranged at the front end of the machine body 100, the small wheel spindle box 300 is mounted on the X-axis linear guide rail, and an X-axis driving mechanism is arranged between the machine body 100 and the small wheel spindle box 300 and used for controlling the small wheel spindle box 300 to move on the X-axis linear guide rail.
In practical operation, the small wheel spindle box 300 is controlled to move to a working position through the X-axis driving mechanism, and then the sliding table 500 and the large wheel spindle box 400 are driven to move back and forth through the Z-axis driving mechanism, so that the large wheel and the small wheel are close to each other, and the large wheel and the small wheel are meshed with each other.
In some embodiments of the present invention, the Z-axis driving mechanism is provided with a Z-axis servo motor 102, a Z-axis synchronous belt, a Z-axis ball screw pair 101, and a flexible tooth alignment structure 103, the Z-axis servo motor 102 is mounted on the bed 100, the Z-axis ball screw pair 101 is disposed between the bed 100 and the flexible tooth alignment structure 103, the flexible tooth alignment structure 103 is connected to the sliding table 500, the Z-axis servo motor 102 drives the Z-axis ball screw pair 101 through the Z-axis synchronous belt, and the Z-axis ball screw pair 101 pushes the flexible tooth alignment structure 103, and then pushes the sliding table 500. The flexible tooth aligning structure 103 can be adjusted between rigidity and flexibility, when the rigidity is adjusted, rigid transmission is adopted between the sliding table 500 and the Z-axis ball screw pair 101, and the moving distance of the sliding table 500 is consistent with the rotation adjusting distance of the Z-axis ball screw pair 101. When the flexible sliding table 500 is adjusted, the sliding table 500 is flexibly connected with the Z-axis ball screw pair 101, the flexible tooth pair structure 103 is only connected with the sliding table 500 through a spring, the sliding table 500 can move continuously under the action of spring force according to the rotation adjusting distance of the Z-axis ball screw pair 101, and the sliding table can not move when the tooth tops of the large wheel and the small wheel are mutually supported or the large wheel is meshed with the small wheel without backlash. At this time, the Z-axis ball screw pair 101 continues to drive the flexible tooth aligning structure 103, so that the flexible tooth aligning structure 103 and the sliding table 500 generate relative displacement, and the force acting on the large wheel and the small wheel is spring force, which does not damage the gears. The specific structure can refer to the Chinese patent application with the application number of CN202010701537.6 or other known structures in the prior art.
By adopting the structure of the embodiment, the flexible tooth alignment and pressure maintenance of the large wheel and the small wheel can be realized, and the protection of the gear in the tooth process can be ensured.
In some embodiments of the present invention, the Y-axis driving mechanism is provided with a Y-axis servo motor 404, a Y-axis synchronous belt, and a Y-axis ball screw pair 403, the Y-axis servo motor 404 is mounted on the sliding table 500, the Y-axis ball screw pair 403 is disposed between the sliding table 500 and the big wheel spindle box 400, and the Y-axis servo motor 404 drives the Y-axis ball screw pair 403 through the Y-axis synchronous belt to control the big wheel spindle box 400 to move. The Y-axis driving mechanism is used for controlling the offset distance of the large wheel, flexible butt joint is not needed, and the structure of the Y-axis driving mechanism in the embodiment is simple and accurate in transmission.
In some embodiments of the present invention, the X-axis driving mechanism is provided with an X-axis reducer 304, an X-axis servo motor 305, and an X-axis ball screw pair 303, the X-axis servo motor 305 is mounted on the bed 100, the X-axis ball screw pair 303 is disposed between the bed 100 and the small wheel headstock 300, and the X-axis servo motor 305 drives the X-axis ball screw pair 303 through the X-axis reducer 304, thereby controlling the small wheel headstock 300 to move. Because the small wheel spindle box 300 only needs to move in the X axial direction, the gear grinding of the small wheel and the large wheel can be realized, and the structure is simplified.
Referring to fig. 1 to 3, a first mounting cavity is formed in the front end of the bed 100, and the main body portions of the X-axis servo motor 305 and the X-axis ball screw assembly 303 are both located in the first mounting cavity, so as to reduce the distance between the center of gravity of the small wheel spindle box 300 and the center of gravity of the bed 100, improve stability, reduce volume, and reduce energy consumption of the X-axis servo motor 305 to a certain extent. The upper end of the lathe bed 100 is provided with a second mounting cavity, and the main body parts of the Z-axis servo motor 102 and the Z-axis ball screw assembly 101 are both positioned in the second mounting cavity so as to reduce the height of the large-wheel spindle box 400 and reduce the volume.
In some embodiments of the present invention, a large wheel spindle servo motor 401 is disposed at an upper end of the large wheel spindle box 400, the large wheel spindle servo motor 401 drives a rear end of a large wheel rotation shaft 402 through a large wheel spindle synchronous belt 405, and a large wheel mounting station is disposed at a front end of the large wheel rotation shaft 402. By adopting the structure of the embodiment, the large-wheel spindle servo motor 401 is arranged at the upper end instead of the rear end of the large-wheel rotating shaft 402, so that the horizontal size of the whole equipment is reduced, and the occupied area is reduced.
In some embodiments of the present invention, a small wheel spindle servo motor 301 is disposed at one side of the small wheel spindle box 300, the small wheel spindle servo motor 301 drives the lower end of a small wheel rotating shaft 302 through a small wheel spindle synchronous belt, and the upper end of the small wheel rotating shaft 302 is provided with a small wheel mounting station.
In conclusion, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
1. the traditional structure distributed in the horizontal direction is improved into a structure distributed vertically, so that the occupied area can be optimized, and the occupied area is reduced;
2. the large-wheel rotating shaft 402 is over against an operator, only needs to be pushed in during installation, only needs to be pulled forward during disassembly, and is convenient and fast to operate;
3. the large wheel is disassembled and assembled by moving forwards and backwards, the small wheel is vertically inserted, and the design and implementation of automatic feeding and discharging are facilitated by combining the structural characteristics (the axial size of the large wheel is short, and the axial size of the small wheel is long) of the large wheel and the small wheel;
4. the arrangement of the vertical column in the traditional structure is optimized, and the energy consumption can be reduced.
In the description herein, references to the description of the term "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "an illustrative embodiment," "an example," "a specific example," or "some examples" or the like mean that a particular feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the invention. In this specification, the schematic representations of the terms used above do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples.
While embodiments of the invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to the embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined by the claims and their equivalents.
Claims (9)
1. A numerical control spiral bevel gear lapping machine tool is characterized by comprising: lathe bed, bull wheel headstock, steamboat headstock and slip table, the slip table sets up with removing along horizontally Z axle direction the upper end of lathe bed, bull wheel headstock sets up with removing along horizontally Y axle direction the upper end of slip table, be provided with bull wheel gyration pivot along Z axle direction in the bull wheel headstock, steamboat headstock sets up with removing along vertical X axle direction the front end of lathe bed, be provided with the steamboat gyration pivot along X axle direction in the steamboat headstock.
2. The numerical control spiral bevel gear lapping machine tool according to claim 1, wherein a Z-axis linear guide is arranged at the upper end of the machine tool body, the sliding table is installed on the Z-axis linear guide, a Z-axis driving mechanism is arranged between the machine tool body and the sliding table, and the Z-axis driving mechanism is used for controlling the sliding table to move on the Z-axis linear guide.
3. The numerical control spiral bevel gear lapping machine tool according to claim 2, wherein a Y-axis linear guide rail is provided at an upper end of the sliding table, the large gear spindle box is mounted on the Y-axis linear guide rail, and a Y-axis driving mechanism is provided between the sliding table and the large gear spindle box and is used for controlling the large gear spindle box to move on the Y-axis linear guide rail.
4. The numerical control spiral bevel gear lapping machine tool according to claim 3, wherein an X-axis linear guide rail is arranged at the front end of the machine tool body, the small wheel spindle box is mounted on the X-axis linear guide rail, and an X-axis driving mechanism is arranged between the machine tool body and the small wheel spindle box and is used for controlling the small wheel spindle box to move on the X-axis linear guide rail.
5. The numerical control bevel gear lapping machine tool according to claim 4, wherein the Z-axis driving mechanism is provided with a Z-axis servo motor, a Z-axis synchronous belt, a Z-axis ball screw pair and a flexible tooth aligning structure, the Z-axis servo motor is mounted on the machine tool and drives the Z-axis ball screw pair through the Z-axis synchronous belt, and the Z-axis ball screw pair pushes the flexible tooth aligning structure and further pushes the sliding table.
6. The numerical control bevel gear lapping machine tool according to claim 5, wherein the Y-axis driving mechanism is provided with a Y-axis servo motor, a Y-axis synchronous belt and a Y-axis ball screw pair, the Y-axis servo motor is mounted on the sliding table and drives the Y-axis ball screw pair through the Y-axis synchronous belt to control the large-wheel spindle box to move.
7. The numerical control bevel gear lapping machine tool according to claim 6, wherein the X-axis driving mechanism is provided with an X-axis reducer, an X-axis servo motor, and an X-axis ball screw pair, wherein the X-axis servo motor is mounted on the machine tool and drives the X-axis ball screw pair through the X-axis reducer, thereby controlling the small wheel spindle box to move.
8. The numerical control spiral bevel gear lapping machine tool according to claim 7, wherein a large wheel main shaft servo motor is arranged at the upper end of the large wheel main shaft box, the large wheel main shaft servo motor drives the rear end of the large wheel revolving shaft through a large wheel main shaft synchronous belt, and a large wheel installation station is arranged at the front end of the large wheel revolving shaft.
9. The numerical control spiral bevel gear lapping machine tool according to claim 8, wherein a small wheel spindle servo motor is provided at one side of the small wheel spindle box, the small wheel spindle servo motor drives a lower end of the small wheel rotating shaft through a small wheel spindle synchronous belt, and a small wheel mounting station is provided at an upper end of the small wheel rotating shaft.
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CN202111241286.9A CN113857587A (en) | 2021-10-25 | 2021-10-25 | Numerical control spiral bevel gear lapping machine tool |
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CN103111688A (en) * | 2013-02-05 | 2013-05-22 | 长沙哈量凯帅精密机械有限公司 | Machine tool for processing pinion of spiral bevel gear pair |
CN206253751U (en) * | 2016-12-07 | 2017-06-16 | 郑州华威齿轮有限公司 | A kind of gear lapping machine |
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2021
- 2021-10-25 CN CN202111241286.9A patent/CN113857587A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (7)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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US20020017888A1 (en) * | 2000-05-26 | 2002-02-14 | Toshio Ueda | C-axis driving system for machine tools |
CN1457279A (en) * | 2001-02-16 | 2003-11-19 | 格里森工场 | Machine and method for producing bevel gears |
CN101342618A (en) * | 2008-08-19 | 2009-01-14 | 天津市精诚机床制造有限公司 | Five-shaft three-linkage numerical control helical bevel gear lapping machine |
JP2010076048A (en) * | 2008-09-26 | 2010-04-08 | Mitsubishi Heavy Ind Ltd | Compound working machine tool |
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Application publication date: 20211231 |