CN113857492B - Self-disturbance laser additive manufacturing method - Google Patents
Self-disturbance laser additive manufacturing method Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN113857492B CN113857492B CN202111178984.9A CN202111178984A CN113857492B CN 113857492 B CN113857492 B CN 113857492B CN 202111178984 A CN202111178984 A CN 202111178984A CN 113857492 B CN113857492 B CN 113857492B
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- disturbance
- parameters
- self
- laser
- laser beam
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Active
Links
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F10/00—Additive manufacturing of workpieces or articles from metallic powder
- B22F10/20—Direct sintering or melting
- B22F10/28—Powder bed fusion, e.g. selective laser melting [SLM] or electron beam melting [EBM]
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F10/00—Additive manufacturing of workpieces or articles from metallic powder
- B22F10/30—Process control
- B22F10/36—Process control of energy beam parameters
- B22F10/366—Scanning parameters, e.g. hatch distance or scanning strategy
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F10/00—Additive manufacturing of workpieces or articles from metallic powder
- B22F10/80—Data acquisition or data processing
- B22F10/85—Data acquisition or data processing for controlling or regulating additive manufacturing processes
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F12/00—Apparatus or devices specially adapted for additive manufacturing; Auxiliary means for additive manufacturing; Combinations of additive manufacturing apparatus or devices with other processing apparatus or devices
- B22F12/40—Radiation means
- B22F12/41—Radiation means characterised by the type, e.g. laser or electron beam
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F12/00—Apparatus or devices specially adapted for additive manufacturing; Auxiliary means for additive manufacturing; Combinations of additive manufacturing apparatus or devices with other processing apparatus or devices
- B22F12/40—Radiation means
- B22F12/49—Scanners
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
- B28B—SHAPING CLAY OR OTHER CERAMIC COMPOSITIONS; SHAPING SLAG; SHAPING MIXTURES CONTAINING CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
- B28B1/00—Producing shaped prefabricated articles from the material
- B28B1/001—Rapid manufacturing of 3D objects by additive depositing, agglomerating or laminating of material
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
- B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
- B33Y10/00—Processes of additive manufacturing
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
- B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
- B33Y30/00—Apparatus for additive manufacturing; Details thereof or accessories therefor
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
- B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
- B33Y50/00—Data acquisition or data processing for additive manufacturing
- B33Y50/02—Data acquisition or data processing for additive manufacturing for controlling or regulating additive manufacturing processes
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
- Y02P10/25—Process efficiency
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Plasma & Fusion (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Toxicology (AREA)
- Automation & Control Theory (AREA)
- Optics & Photonics (AREA)
- Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Powder Metallurgy (AREA)
- Laser Beam Processing (AREA)
Abstract
A method of self-perturbing laser additive manufacturing, the method comprising the steps of: obtaining structural characteristics of a formed part; obtaining thermophysical parameters of a forming material; constructing a self-disturbance laser additive manufacturing system; designing self-disturbance parameters of a laser beam of the self-disturbance laser additive manufacturing system according to the structural characteristics and the thermophysical parameters; setting forming process parameters of the laser beam according to the structural characteristics and the thermophysical parameters; and manufacturing the formed part according to the self-disturbance parameter and the forming process parameter. The application converts the one-dimensional linear scanning of the laser beam in the prior art into periodic two-dimensional graphic disturbance, realizes stirring of a liquid molten pool under the condition of no additional physical field, has the functions of homogenizing microstructure, refining grains, inhibiting element burning loss, reducing metallurgical defects such as cracks and air holes, increasing the size of the molten pool and shortening the processing time, ensures that the part has excellent comprehensive mechanical properties, and can greatly improve the forming efficiency.
Description
Technical Field
The application belongs to the technical field of laser additive manufacturing, and particularly relates to a self-disturbance laser additive manufacturing method.
Background
The selective laser melting forming (Selective Laser Melting, SLM) is a potential additive manufacturing technology, which is based on the principle of layered manufacturing and layer-by-layer superposition forming, adopts high-energy density laser beams to melt metal powder beds point by point, line by line and layer by layer, and can directly manufacture parts with complex shapes with good metallurgical bonding and excellent dimensional accuracy and surface quality in one step. To date, there have been many reports on successful cases of forming titanium alloys, aluminum alloys, magnesium alloys, stainless steel, copper alloys, superalloys, and the like using this technique. The prior SLM technology realizes the rapid positioning and position switching of laser beams through a scanning galvanometer, and the scanning strategy is a straight line grating, namely a scanning line is a one-dimensional straight line.
However, SLM technology based on "linear scanning" has the following problems: first, the laser and powder interaction time due to the high-speed "straight line" scan is only 10 -4 s-10 -5 s, the molten pool generated by laser in the forming process is 10 -4 mm 3 Size-scale micro-pools with laser power densities up to 10 5 W/cm 2 -10 7 W/cm 2 The cooling rate is as high as 10 6 K/s-10 8 K/s, temperature gradient of 10 5 On the order of DEG C/mm. On the one hand, the higher energy input will cause the evaporation and vaporization of the liquid metal in the molten pool, the consequent recoil pressure will drive the surrounding molten metal to form small holes, the phenomena of 'small hole effect' and 'small hole collapse' will cause serious air hole defects, especially for low melting point and high boiling point light alloy such as magnesium alloy, aluminum alloy, titanium aluminum intermetallic compound and the like, the burning loss of elements (such as Al, mg and the like) will be aggravated while the density is reduced. On the other hand, a higher temperature gradient and extremely fast cooling rate will generate larger residual thermal stress, which is extremely liable to cause cracking of the brittle material (intermetallic compound, ceramic, etc.) parts. Secondly, the rapid 'straight line' movement of the micro-area heat source causes the local non-uniform heating of the part, and the complex horizontal and vertical thermal cycle effects generated by multiple layers commonly cause the non-uniform microstructure, thereby endangering the mechanical property of the part. Therefore, the linear scanning strategy has great limitation in the field of laser selective melting and forming of light alloy, brittle and difficult-to-process materials and the like.
In addition, the size of the melt pool formed by the linear scanning is small, the number of scanning channels required for forming a single-layer entity is increased, and the processing time is long, so that the overall manufacturing efficiency of the SLM technology is low. While studies have been made to improve the forming efficiency by shortening the processing time by increasing the laser power (1000W-2000W) and the monolayer deposition thickness (100 μm-200 μm). But the experimental results show that: the improvement of laser power is very easy to cause serious piling up of the surface of the part, and finally the part is failed to be formed. Therefore, the existing linear raster scanning strategy cannot effectively improve the processing efficiency of SLM forming.
It has been pointed out that the introduction of additional physical fields including electromagnetic fields, ultrasonic fields, electric current fields, physical vibrations, composite fields, etc. in the rapid fusion process agitates the molten pool, which has the beneficial effects of accelerating gas evolution, promoting non-spontaneous nucleation of the molten pool, refining grains, reducing temperature gradients, inhibiting stress cracking, improving formability, and improving toughness. However, the SLM forming process is performed in a closed cavity, and the production equipment and the preparation process are complex due to the use of an additional physical external field, so that the production cost is greatly increased; meanwhile, when large-scale precise complex parts are prepared, uniform vibration stirring effect is difficult to achieve by applying a physical external field, so that the technology cannot be suitable for SLM forming.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, the present invention provides a self-perturbing laser additive manufacturing method that overcomes or at least partially solves the above-mentioned problems.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention provides a self-disturbance laser additive manufacturing method, which comprises the following steps:
obtaining structural characteristics of a formed part;
obtaining thermophysical parameters of a forming material;
constructing a self-disturbance laser additive manufacturing system;
designing self-disturbance parameters of a laser beam of the self-disturbance laser additive manufacturing system according to the structural characteristics and the thermophysical parameters;
setting forming process parameters of the laser beam according to the structural characteristics and the thermophysical parameters;
and manufacturing the formed part according to the self-disturbance parameter and the forming process parameter.
Preferably, the step of obtaining the structural characteristics of the shaped part comprises the steps of:
acquiring cantilever parameters of the formed part;
acquiring parameters of an inner runner of the formed part;
obtaining porous parameters of the formed part;
and obtaining complex curved surface parameters of the formed part.
Preferably, the step of obtaining the thermophysical parameters of the molding material comprises the steps of:
acquiring a density parameter of the forming material;
Obtaining a melting point parameter of the forming material;
acquiring boiling point parameters of the forming material;
acquiring laser absorptivity parameters of the forming material;
acquiring a heat conductivity coefficient parameter of the forming material;
and obtaining the specific heat capacity parameter of the forming material.
Preferably, the self-perturbing laser additive manufacturing system comprises: the device comprises system software, a controller, a laser, a beam expander, a scanning vibrating mirror, a focusing mirror, a substrate, a powder feeding device, a powder spreading device, a forming cylinder and a powder recovery device, wherein the controller is respectively connected with the system software, the laser, the beam expander, the scanning vibrating mirror, the powder spreading device and the forming cylinder, the beam expander is arranged between the laser and the scanning vibrating mirror, the focusing mirror is arranged between the scanning vibrating mirror and the substrate, the substrate is arranged in the forming cylinder and is in collineation with the scanning vibrating mirror and the focusing mirror, the powder feeding device is arranged at a preset position around the substrate and used for feeding powder onto the substrate, the powder spreading device is arranged close to the upper surface of the substrate and used for spreading powder fed by the powder feeding device onto the upper surface of the substrate, and the powder recovery device is arranged close to the left and right sides of the substrate and used for recovering residual powder on the substrate.
Preferably, the system software includes: the forming process parameter control software and the self-disturbance parameter control software are respectively connected with the controller.
Preferably, the controller includes: the forming process parameter controller is connected with the forming process parameter controller by forming process parameter control software, the forming process parameter controller is connected with the laser, the beam expander, the scanning vibrating mirror, the powder spreading device and the forming cylinder by self-disturbance parameter control software, and the self-disturbance parameter controller is connected with the scanning vibrating mirror.
Preferably, the designing the self-disturbance parameters of the laser beam of the self-disturbance laser additive manufacturing system according to the structural features and the thermophysical parameters comprises the steps of:
designing unit disturbance graphic parameters of the laser beam;
designing a disturbance period of the laser beam;
designing the disturbance times of the laser beam;
designing the disturbance interval of the laser beam;
designing the disturbance speed of the laser beam;
Designing the disturbance direction of the laser beam;
designing the advancing direction of the laser beam;
determining the scanning interval of the laser beam according to the unit disturbance pattern parameters;
and determining the position coordinates of any point in the periodic two-dimensional graph formed by the laser beam according to the unit disturbance graph parameters, the disturbance times and the disturbance intervals.
Preferably, the expression of the position coordinates is:
wherein x represents the abscissa of the position coordinate, y represents the ordinate of the position coordinate, A represents the unit disturbance graphic parameter, N represents the disturbance times, S represents the disturbance interval, and t represents the value interval.
Preferably, said setting of the shaping process parameters of said laser beam according to said structural features and said thermophysical parameters comprises the steps of:
setting the laser power of the laser beam;
setting a phase angle of the laser beam;
setting the layering thickness of the laser beam.
Preferably, said manufacturing said shaped part according to said self-perturbing parameters and said shaping process parameters comprises the steps of:
laying a layer of powder on the surface of the substrate;
controlling the laser beam to carry out periodic pattern scanning on the powder according to the self-disturbance parameters and the forming process parameters;
Acquiring a scanning channel formed by scanning;
overlapping all the scanning channels to form a deposition layer;
and depositing layer by layer to manufacture the whole formed part.
One or more technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention at least have the following technical effects or advantages:
(1) By converting the one-dimensional linear scanning of a laser beam in the prior SLM technology into periodic two-dimensional graphic disturbance, the stirring of a liquid molten pool is realized under the condition of no additional physical field, and the device has the functions of homogenizing microstructure, refining grains, inhibiting element burning loss, reducing metallurgical defects such as cracks and air holes, increasing the size of the molten pool and shortening the processing time, ensures that the part has excellent comprehensive mechanical properties, and can greatly improve the forming efficiency;
(2) The periodic two-dimensional pattern disturbance strategy provided by the invention can enhance the flow of liquid metal, is beneficial to the escape of bubbles and reduces the porosity; the laser beam stirs the liquid molten pool, prolongs the solidification time of the molten pool, reduces the temperature gradient and the solidification rate, and inhibits the formation of crystallization cracks; in addition, the disturbance of the laser along the periodic graph curve can uniformly distribute energy in the molten pool, reduce element burning loss, promote non-spontaneous nucleation of the molten pool, change the preferred growth direction of columnar crystals so as to refine the grains, avoid the phenomenon of uneven structure caused by uneven local heating, and finally improve the toughness of the alloy;
(3) The single-channel line width is greatly increased (the single-channel line width obtained by the conventional SLM linear grating scanning strategy is in the mu m order) by regulating and controlling the unit disturbance pattern parameters, the number of melt channels is reduced, the processing time is shortened, and the forming efficiency is greatly improved. Meanwhile, the flow direction of liquid metal in a molten pool is regulated and controlled by planning a graph curve of a scanning line, so that the flatness of the surface of a fusing channel is ensured, the piling phenomenon of parts under high power and large layer thickness can be effectively inhibited, and the SLM forming under high power and large layer thickness is realized, so that the production efficiency of the parts can be further improved, and the processing cost is reduced;
(4) The method is not only suitable for a single laser beam SLM technology, but also suitable for a multi-beam SLM technology of a plurality of laser beams, can ensure the uniform disturbance effect of large-size complex precise parts while improving the forming efficiency, and has important engineering application value;
(5) The method is suitable for laser selective melting forming of numerous materials such as titanium alloy, aluminum alloy, high-temperature alloy, magnesium alloy, stainless steel, high-entropy alloy, copper alloy, brittle difficult-to-process materials (intermetallic compounds, pure tungsten, ceramics and the like), and is a flexible advanced manufacturing technology which saves cost and is efficient and clean.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings required for the description of the embodiments will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the present invention, and other drawings may be obtained according to these drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.
FIG. 1 is a schematic flow chart of a self-perturbing laser additive manufacturing method according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a periodic two-dimensional pattern obtained by a self-perturbing laser additive manufacturing method according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of embodiment 1 of a self-perturbing laser additive manufacturing system in a self-perturbing laser additive manufacturing method according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of embodiment 2 of a self-perturbing laser additive manufacturing system in a self-perturbing laser additive manufacturing method according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of an actual disturbance trajectory of a laser beam obtained in embodiment 2 of a self-disturbance laser additive manufacturing system in a self-disturbance laser additive manufacturing method according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a metallographic photograph and a microstructure photograph of a longitudinal section of a shaped sample using a "one-dimensional rectilinear scanning" strategy in the prior art;
Fig. 7 is a metallographic photograph and a microstructure photograph of a longitudinal section of a sample formed by using a "circular period perturbation" strategy in a self-perturbing laser additive manufacturing method provided by an embodiment of the present application.
Detailed Description
The advantages and various effects of the present application will be more clearly apparent from the following detailed description and examples. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that these specific embodiments and examples are intended to illustrate the application, not to limit the application.
Throughout the specification, unless specifically indicated otherwise, the terms used herein should be understood as meaning as commonly used in the art. Accordingly, unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this application belongs. In case of conflict, the present specification will control.
Unless otherwise specifically indicated, the various raw materials, reagents, instruments, equipment and the like used in the present application are commercially available or may be prepared by existing methods.
In an embodiment of the present application, as shown in fig. 1, the present application provides a self-perturbing laser additive manufacturing method, including the steps of:
S1: obtaining structural characteristics of a formed part;
in an embodiment of the present application, the step of obtaining the structural feature of the formed part includes:
acquiring cantilever parameters of the formed part;
acquiring parameters of an inner runner of the formed part;
obtaining porous parameters of the formed part;
and obtaining complex curved surface parameters of the formed part.
In the embodiment of the application, when self-disturbance laser additive manufacturing is performed, firstly, the structural characteristics of a designed formed part are obtained, and the structural characteristics comprise: cantilever parameters, internal runner parameters, porous parameters, complex surface parameters, etc. can be increased as needed. In general, the design of the shaped part is usually carried out on professional design software, in which case the corresponding structural features of the shaped part can be read directly by means of parameter reading buttons on the software. By acquiring the structural characteristics of the formed part, the structure of the formed part can be comprehensively and carefully understood, and the laser beam forming operation steps can be more comprehensively and accurately controlled in the subsequent forming process, so that the required formed part is obtained.
S2: obtaining thermophysical parameters of a forming material;
in an embodiment of the present application, the step of obtaining the thermophysical parameters of the molding material includes the steps of:
Acquiring a density parameter of the forming material;
obtaining a melting point parameter of the forming material;
acquiring boiling point parameters of the forming material;
acquiring laser absorptivity parameters of the forming material;
acquiring a heat conductivity coefficient parameter of the forming material;
and obtaining the specific heat capacity parameter of the forming material.
In the embodiment of the application, when self-disturbance laser additive manufacturing is performed, the thermophysical parameters of the forming material are also required to be obtained, and the thermophysical parameters include: density parameters, melting point parameters, boiling point parameters, laser absorptivity parameters, heat conductivity parameters, specific heat capacity parameters and the like can be obtained from professional books or documents related to the forming material, can also be obtained through network inquiry, and can even be obtained by measuring a certain required parameter of the forming material by using a detection instrument. By acquiring the thermophysical parameters of the forming material, the characteristics of the forming material can be fully and carefully understood, and the operation steps of the laser beam on the forming material can be more accurately utilized and controlled in the subsequent forming process, so that the required formed part is obtained.
S3: constructing a self-disturbance laser additive manufacturing system;
In an embodiment of the present application, the self-perturbing laser additive manufacturing system comprises: the device comprises system software, a controller, a laser, a beam expander, a scanning vibrating mirror, a focusing mirror, a substrate, a powder feeding device, a powder spreading device, a forming cylinder and a powder recovery device, wherein the controller is respectively connected with the system software, the laser, the beam expander, the scanning vibrating mirror, the powder spreading device and the forming cylinder, the beam expander is arranged between the laser and the scanning vibrating mirror, the focusing mirror is arranged between the scanning vibrating mirror and the substrate, the substrate is arranged in the forming cylinder and is in collineation with the scanning vibrating mirror and the focusing mirror, the powder feeding device is arranged at a preset position around the substrate and used for feeding powder onto the substrate, the powder spreading device is arranged close to the upper surface of the substrate and used for spreading powder fed by the powder feeding device onto the upper surface of the substrate, and the powder recovery device is arranged close to the left and right sides of the substrate and used for recovering residual powder on the substrate.
In the embodiment of the application, the powder feeding device feeds powder onto the substrate, the system software can acquire set forming technological parameters and self-disturbance parameters, the system software sends instructions to the powder spreading device through the controller, the powder spreading device spreads the powder on the substrate, the system software sends the parameters to the controller, the controller controls the laser to send laser beams with preset parameters, the laser beams are emitted to the scanning vibrating mirror through the beam expander, the scanning vibrating mirror deflects the laser beams and converges the laser beams on the powder of the substrate through the focusing mirror, and the laser beams irradiate the powder and perform selective melting forming.
In an embodiment of the present application, the system software includes: the forming process parameter control software and the self-disturbance parameter control software are respectively connected with the controller.
In an embodiment of the present application, the controller includes: the forming process parameter controller is connected with the forming process parameter controller by forming process parameter control software, the forming process parameter controller is connected with the laser, the beam expander, the scanning vibrating mirror, the powder spreading device and the forming cylinder by self-disturbance parameter control software, and the self-disturbance parameter controller is connected with the scanning vibrating mirror.
In the embodiment of the application, the system software comprises forming process parameter control software and self-disturbance parameter control software, and the controller comprises a forming process parameter controller and a self-disturbance parameter controller, wherein the forming process parameter control software is connected with the forming process parameter controller, is used for setting forming process parameters such as laser power, scanning interval, phase angle and the like of single beam or multiple beams, and motion parameters such as layering thickness and the like, and transmits the parameters to the forming process parameter controller. The forming process parameter controller is connected with the laser, the beam expander, the scanning galvanometer, the powder spreading device and the forming cylinder and is used for controlling the output and scanning of the laser beam and the movement displacement and speed of the powder spreading device and the forming cylinder. The self-disturbance parameter control software is connected with the self-disturbance parameter controller and is used for setting self-disturbance parameters such as single-beam or multi-beam unit disturbance graphic parameters, disturbance periods, disturbance times, disturbance intervals, disturbance speeds, disturbance directions, advancing directions and the like and transmitting the self-disturbance parameters to the self-disturbance parameter controller.
S4: designing self-disturbance parameters of a laser beam of the self-disturbance laser additive manufacturing system according to the structural characteristics and the thermophysical parameters;
in an embodiment of the present application, the designing the self-disturbance parameter of the laser beam of the self-disturbance laser additive manufacturing system according to the structural feature and the thermophysical parameter includes the steps of:
designing unit disturbance graphic parameters of the laser beam;
designing a disturbance period of the laser beam;
designing the disturbance times of the laser beam;
designing the disturbance interval of the laser beam;
designing the disturbance speed of the laser beam;
designing the disturbance direction of the laser beam;
designing the advancing direction of the laser beam;
determining the scanning interval of the laser beam according to the unit disturbance pattern parameters;
and determining the position coordinates of any point in the periodic two-dimensional graph formed by the laser beam according to the unit disturbance graph parameters, the disturbance times and the disturbance intervals.
In the embodiment of the application, after the structural characteristics and the thermophysical parameters are obtained, the self-disturbance parameters of the laser beam of the self-disturbance laser additive manufacturing system can be designed according to the requirements, and specifically, the self-disturbance parameters comprise: the unit disturbance graphic parameters, the disturbance period, the disturbance times, the disturbance interval, the disturbance speed, the disturbance direction, the advancing direction and the scanning interval.
As shown in fig. 2, in the embodiment of the present application, the laser beam irradiation may form a two-dimensional unit disturbance pattern, where the unit disturbance pattern includes a regular pattern, such as a circle, triangle, square, rectangle, diamond, regular hexagon, and the like, and also includes an arbitrary closed irregular two-dimensional pattern, and different unit disturbance patterns may be used for different structural parts of the same formed part. Each disturbance pattern has corresponding unit disturbance pattern parameters, wherein the unit disturbance pattern parameters are the sizes of the disturbance patterns, such as the radius of a circle, the side length and the inner angle of a triangle, the side length of a square and a rectangle, the side length and the inner angle of a diamond, and the like; the perturbation period refers to the time required for the laser beam to complete a unit perturbation pattern; the disturbance times refer to the number of unit disturbance graphs in one scanning channel; the disturbance interval refers to the distance between two adjacent unit disturbance patterns; the disturbance direction refers to the disturbance of the laser beam in a clockwise direction or in a counterclockwise direction; the advancing direction refers to the direction in which the forming melt channel moves forward; the scanning interval determines the number of tracks disturbed by the periodic two-dimensional pattern formed by the laser beam, and the tracks overlap to form a deposition layer. The self-disturbance parameters are matched with each other to form different periodic two-dimensional patterns.
In the embodiment of the present application, the position coordinates of any reference point in a two-dimensional graph formed by the laser beam can be determined according to the unit disturbance graph parameters set in the above steps, where the expression of the position coordinates is:
wherein x represents the abscissa of the position coordinate, y represents the ordinate of the position coordinate, A represents the unit disturbance graphic parameter, N represents the disturbance times, S represents the disturbance interval, and t represents the value interval.
S5: setting forming process parameters of the laser beam according to the structural characteristics and the thermophysical parameters;
in an embodiment of the present application, the setting the forming process parameters of the laser beam according to the structural feature and the thermophysical parameter includes the steps of:
setting the laser power of the laser beam;
setting a phase angle of the laser beam;
setting the layering thickness of the laser beam.
In the embodiment of the application, after the structural characteristics and the thermophysical parameters are obtained, the forming process parameters of the laser beam can be set according to the requirements, wherein the forming process parameters comprise: laser power, phase angle, layering thickness, etc. By setting the shaping process parameters of the laser beam, it is convenient to control the laser beam more accurately in the subsequent shaping process, thereby obtaining the desired shaped part.
S6: and manufacturing the formed part according to the self-disturbance parameter and the forming process parameter.
In an embodiment of the present application, the manufacturing the shaped part according to the self-perturbation parameters and the shaping process parameters comprises the steps of:
laying a layer of powder on the surface of the substrate;
controlling the laser beam to carry out periodic pattern scanning on the powder according to the self-disturbance parameters and the forming process parameters;
acquiring a scanning channel formed by scanning;
overlapping all the scanning channels to form a deposition layer;
and depositing layer by layer to manufacture the whole formed part.
In the embodiment of the application, after the setting of self-disturbance parameters and forming process parameters is completed, firstly, a layer of powder is paved on the surface of a substrate by using a powder paving device, then a laser is started, the laser emits laser beams according to the self-disturbance parameters and the forming process parameters set in the steps, the laser beams are irradiated to a scanning vibrating mirror through a beam expander, optical lenses in a plurality of scanning vibrating mirrors deflect, and the plurality of laser beams are respectively controlled to carry out two-dimensional pattern periodic scanning on the powder on the surface of the substrate, namely, the plurality of laser beams are respectively disturbed clockwise or anticlockwise along respective periodic two-dimensional patterns, so that a molten pool is stirred, and then a liquid molten pool is solidified; when the number of disturbance graphs of each unit reaches the disturbance times, one scanning channel is formed; the respective scan pitch determines the number of tracks of the respective periodic pattern perturbation, and the tracks overlap to form a deposited layer during the formation process. After the current layer is scanned, the forming cylinder is lowered by one layer thickness and the previous steps are repeated, and the layers are deposited layer by layer until the whole formed part is manufactured.
Example 1:
as shown in fig. 3, the self-disturbance laser additive manufacturing system provided by the invention is a bidirectional powder paving mode, and comprises system software 1, a controller 4, a laser 7, a beam expander 8, a scanning galvanometer 9, a focusing mirror 10, a substrate 13, first and second powder feeding devices 14 and 14', a powder paving device 15, a forming cylinder 16 and first and second powder recovery devices 17 and 17'. The system software 1 comprises forming process parameter control software 2 and self-disturbance parameter control software 3, and the controller 4 comprises a forming process parameter controller 5 and a self-disturbance parameter controller 6, wherein the forming process parameter control software 2 is connected with the forming process parameter controller 5 and is used for setting forming process parameters such as laser power P, scanning interval H, phase angle theta and the like and motion parameters such as layering thickness delta and the like and transmitting the motion parameters to the forming process parameter controller 5. The forming process parameter controller 5 is connected with the laser 7, the beam expander 8, the scanning galvanometer 9, the powder spreading device 15 and the forming cylinder 16 and is used for controlling the output and scanning of laser and the movement displacement and speed of the powder spreading device 15 and the forming cylinder 16. The self-disturbance parameter control software 3 is connected with the self-disturbance parameter controller 6, and is used for setting self-disturbance parameters such as unit disturbance pattern parameters A, disturbance period T, disturbance times N, disturbance interval S, disturbance speed V, disturbance direction, advancing direction and the like, and transmitting the self-disturbance parameters to the self-disturbance parameter controller 6. The self-disturbance parameters cooperate to form different periodic two-dimensional patterns, as shown in FIG. 2. The self-disturbance parameter controller 6 is connected with the scanning galvanometer 9, a pair of scanning galvanometer mirror groups 11 are arranged in the scanning galvanometer, and the laser beam 12 is controlled to be disturbed along the periodic two-dimensional graph through deflection of optical lenses in the scanning galvanometer mirror groups 11. The laser 7 emits a laser beam, which is expanded by the beam expander 8, reaches the scanning galvanometer 9, and is focused by the focusing mirror 10 located below the scanning galvanometer, and acts on the substrate surface 13. The powder spreading device 15 spreads a layer of powder on the surface of the substrate before laser scanning. The forming cylinder 16 is lowered by one layer thickness after finishing one layer, and then the first or second powder feeding device 14 or 14 'feeds the powder, the powder spreading device 15 continues to spread the powder on the surface of the substrate, and the first or second powder recovery device 17 or 17' recovers the powder. The first and second powder feeding devices 14, 14', and the first and second powder recovery devices 17, 17' are respectively positioned at two sides of the forming cylinder 16, so as to realize bidirectional powder feeding and powder recovery.
Specifically, the self-disturbance laser additive manufacturing method provided by the invention comprises the following steps:
step 1: according to the structural characteristics of the formed part and the thermophysical parameters of the powder material, self-disturbance parameters, namely self-disturbance parameters such as a unit disturbance pattern parameter A, a disturbance period T, a disturbance frequency N, a disturbance interval S, a disturbance speed V, a disturbance direction, a forward direction and the like are set;
step 2: setting forming technological parameters such as laser power P, phase angle theta, layering thickness delta and the like according to the structural characteristics of the formed part and the thermophysical parameters of the powder material; setting a scanning interval H according to the unit disturbance pattern parameter A set in the step;
step 3: the powder is supplied by the first or second powder feeding device 14 or 14', the powder spreading device 15 spreads a layer of powder on the substrate surface 13 before laser scanning, and the excess powder is recovered by the first and second powder recovery devices 17, 17'. According to the self-disturbance parameters and the forming process parameters set in the steps, the deflection of the optical lenses in the scanning galvanometer lens group 11 is used for controlling the laser beam 12 to carry out two-dimensional pattern periodic scanning on the powder on the surface of the substrate, namely, the laser beam 12 is disturbed clockwise or anticlockwise along the periodic two-dimensional pattern so as to stir a molten pool, then the liquid molten pool is solidified, and when the number of unit disturbance patterns reaches the disturbance times N, one scanning channel is formed; the scanning interval determines the number of tracks disturbed by the periodic two-dimensional graph, and the tracks overlap to form a deposition layer;
Step 4: after the current layer has been scanned, the forming cylinder 16 is lowered by one layer thickness, step 3 is repeated, and layer by layer deposition is performed until the entire formed part is manufactured.
Example 2:
as shown in fig. 4, the self-disturbance laser additive manufacturing system provided by the invention is a bidirectional powder spreading mode, and comprises system software 1, a controller 4, a first laser 7, a second laser 7, a first beam expander 8, a second beam expander 8, a first scanning galvanometer 9, a second scanning galvanometer 9', a first focusing mirror 10, a second focusing mirror 10', a substrate 13, a first powder feeding device 14, a second powder feeding device 14, a powder spreading device 15, a forming cylinder 16, a first powder recovery device 17 and a second powder recovery device 17'. The system software 1 comprises forming process parameter control software 2 and self-disturbance parameter control software 3, and the controller 4 comprises a forming process parameter controller 5 and a self-disturbance parameter controller 6. The forming process parameter control software 2 is connected with the forming process parameter controller 5, and is used for setting process parameters such as laser power P1, P2, scanning interval, H2, phase angles theta 1, theta 2 and the like and motion parameters such as layering thickness delta and the like, and transmitting the parameters to the forming process parameter controller 5. The forming process parameter controller 5 is connected with the first and second lasers 7, 7', the first and second beam expanders 8, 8', the first and second scanning galvanometers 9, 9', the powder spreading device 15 and the forming cylinder 16, and is used for controlling the output and scanning of laser and the movement displacement and speed of the powder spreading device 15 and the forming cylinder 16. The self-disturbance parameter control software 3 is connected to the self-disturbance parameter controller 6, and is configured to set self-disturbance parameters such as unit disturbance pattern parameters A1 and A2 of the first and second laser beams 12 and 12', disturbance periods T1 and T2, disturbance times N1 and N2, disturbance pitches S1 and S2, disturbance speeds V1 and V2, a disturbance direction, and a forward direction, and transmit the self-disturbance parameters to the self-disturbance parameter controller 6. The self-disturbance parameters are matched with each other to form different periodic two-dimensional graphs, the self-disturbance parameters of the double light beams can be the same or different, and the two periodic two-dimensional graphs are overlapped to form an actual disturbance track, as shown in fig. 5. The self-disturbance parameter controller 6 is connected with the first scanning galvanometer 9 and the second scanning galvanometer 9', a pair of scanning galvanometer lens groups 11 and 11' are respectively arranged in the scanning galvanometer lenses, and the first laser beam 12 and the second laser beam 12 'are respectively controlled to be disturbed along the periodical two-dimensional graph through the deflection of the optical lenses in the scanning galvanometer lens groups 11 and 11'. The laser beams emitted by the first and second lasers 7 and 7 'are respectively expanded by the first and second beam expanders 8 and 8' and then reach the first and second scanning galvanometers 9 and 9', and then are focused by the first and second focusing mirrors 10 and 10' positioned below the scanning galvanometers to act on the substrate surface 13. The powder spreading device 15 spreads a layer of powder on the surface of the substrate before laser scanning. The forming cylinder 16 is lowered by one layer thickness after finishing one layer, and then the first or second powder feeding device 14 or 14 'feeds the powder, the powder spreading device 15 continues to spread the powder on the surface of the substrate, and the first or second powder recovery device 17 or 17' recovers the powder. The first and second powder feeding devices 14, 14', and the first and second powder recovery devices 17, 17' are respectively positioned at two sides of the forming cylinder 16, so as to realize bidirectional powder feeding and powder recovery.
Specifically, the self-disturbance laser additive manufacturing method provided by the invention comprises the following steps:
step 1: the method comprises the steps of designing self-disturbance parameters of a first laser beam and a second laser beam according to structural characteristics of a formed part and thermophysical parameters of a powder material, and respectively setting self-disturbance parameters such as unit disturbance pattern parameters A1 and A2 of double beams, disturbance periods T1 and T2, disturbance times N1 and N2, disturbance distances S1 and S2, disturbance speeds V1 and V2, disturbance directions, advancing directions and the like;
step 2: forming technological parameters such as laser powers P1, P2, phase angles theta 1, theta 2, layering thickness delta and the like of the first laser beam and the second laser beam are respectively set according to the structural characteristics of the formed part and the thermophysical parameters of the powder materials; setting scanning intervals H1 and H2 of each light beam according to the unit disturbance pattern parameters A1 and A2 set in the steps;
step 3: the first or second powder feeding device 14 or 14 'feeds the powder, the powder spreading device 15 spreads a layer of the powder on the substrate surface 13 before laser scanning, and the excess powder is recovered by the first and second powder recovery devices 17, 17'. According to the self-disturbance parameters and the forming process parameters of the double laser beams set in the steps, the deflection of the optical lenses in the first scanning galvanometer group 11 and the second scanning galvanometer group 11 'respectively controls the first laser beam 12 and the second laser beam 12' to carry out the same-direction or reverse two-dimensional pattern periodic scanning on the powder on the surface of the substrate, namely the first laser beam and the second laser beam carry out the same-direction or reverse periodic two-dimensional pattern disturbance (clockwise or anticlockwise) so as to stir a molten pool, and then the liquid molten pool is solidified; when the number of the disturbance graphs of the two units reaches the disturbance times N, one scanning channel is formed; the two scanning intervals determine the number of tracks disturbed by the two periodic patterns, and the tracks overlap to form a deposition layer;
Step 4: after the current layer has been scanned, the forming cylinder 16 is lowered by one layer thickness, step 3 is repeated, and layer by layer deposition is performed until the entire formed part is manufactured.
In order to verify the effect of the present invention, the following examples are further described.
Example 3:
the Ti-43Al-9V-0.5Y (at.%) alloy thin-wall sample is prepared by adopting the single-beam self-disturbance laser additive manufacturing system, the scanning strategy is circular periodic disturbance, and the length of the sample is 10mm. The test raw material is Ti-43Al-9V-0.5Y (at.%) alloy powder of gas atomization blowing powder, and the particle size of the powder is 15-53 mu m. To ensure powder flowability, the alloy powder was incubated for 1h at 100℃in a vacuum oven prior to testing. The self-disturbance laser additive manufacturing method comprises the following steps:
step 1: determining the laser motion track as periodic circular disturbance, and setting self-disturbance parameters: the radius of the circle is 1mm, the disturbance times are 100, the distance between two adjacent circles is 0.1mm, the disturbance speed is 20mm/s, the disturbance direction is clockwise, and the position coordinate (x) of any point Q in the periodic disturbance pattern Q ，y Q ) The determination can be made by the following equation:
wherein t is a value interval.
Step 2: setting forming technological parameters: the laser power was 300W, the layering thickness was 100 μm, the phase angle was 0℃and the number of scanning tracks was 1 track.
Step 3: the first or second powder feeding device 14 or 14 'feeds the powder, the powder spreading device 15 spreads a layer of the powder on the substrate surface 13 before laser scanning, and the excess powder is recovered by the first and second powder recovery devices 17, 17'. According to the circular disturbance parameters and the forming process parameters set in the steps, the deflection of the optical lenses in the scanning galvanometer lens group 11 is used for controlling the laser beam 12 to carry out circular periodic scanning on the powder on the surface of the substrate, namely, the laser beam 12 is disturbed clockwise along the periodic circular shape so as to stir a molten pool, and then the liquid molten pool is solidified, so that deposited layers are formed, and each layer has only 1 scanning channel;
step 4: after the current layer has been scanned, the forming cylinder 16 is lowered by one layer thickness, step 3 is repeated, and layer by layer deposition is performed until the entire formed part is manufactured.
For comparison, the scanning mode is set as one-dimensional linear scanning, namely, no self-disturbance parameter is set, and a Ti-43Al-9V-0.5Y (at.%) alloy thin-wall sample with the length of 10mm is prepared.
Fig. 6 and 7 are metallographic and microscopic photographs of a longitudinal section of a shaped specimen using a "one-dimensional rectilinear scan" strategy and a "circular periodic perturbation" strategy, respectively. By contrast, the method of the invention realizes the stirring of the liquid molten pool by converting the linear scanning mode of the laser beam into circular periodic disturbance, can obviously eliminate the air holes and crack defects of the TiAl alloy formed by melting the laser selective area, and obtains uniform and fine equiaxed crystal structures. The method is characterized in that the periodic two-dimensional pattern disturbance strategy provided by the method can enhance the flow of liquid metal, is beneficial to the escape of bubbles and reduces the porosity; meanwhile, the stirring of the laser beam on the liquid molten pool prolongs the solidification time of the molten pool, reduces the temperature gradient and the solidification rate, and inhibits the formation of crystallization cracks; in addition, the disturbance of laser along the periodic graph curve can uniformly distribute energy in the molten pool, reduce element burning loss, promote non-spontaneous nucleation of the molten pool, change the preferred growth direction of columnar crystals so as to refine the crystal grains, obtain equiaxed crystals, and avoid the phenomenon of uneven structure caused by uneven local heating.
Example 4:
further, the single-beam self-disturbance laser additive manufacturing system is adopted to prepare a Ti-43Al-9V-0.5Y (at.%) alloy block sample, the size of the sample is 10mm multiplied by 6mm multiplied by 10mm, and the scanning strategy is circular periodic disturbance. Similarly, the test material was an aerosolized blown Ti-43Al-9V-0.5Y (at.%) alloy powder having a particle size of 15 to 53. Mu.m. To ensure powder flowability, the alloy powder was incubated for 1h at 100℃in a vacuum oven prior to testing. The method comprises the following steps:
step 1: determining the laser motion track as periodic circular disturbance, and setting self-disturbance parameters: round and roundThe radius is 1mm, the disturbance times is 100, the distance between two adjacent circles is 0.1mm, the disturbance speed is 20mm/s, the disturbance direction is clockwise, and the position coordinate (x) of any point Q in the periodic disturbance graph Q ，y Q ) Can be determined by equation (1).
Step 2: setting forming technological parameters: the laser power was 300W, the layering thickness was 100 μm, the phase angle was 0℃and the scanning pitch was 2mm, i.e. the number of scanning tracks was 3.
Step 3: the first or second powder feeding device 14 or 14 'feeds the powder, the powder spreading device 15 spreads a layer of the powder on the substrate surface 13 before laser scanning, and the excess powder is recovered by the first and second powder recovery devices 17, 17'. According to the circular disturbance parameters and the forming process parameters set in the steps, the deflection of the optical lenses in the scanning galvanometer lens group 11 is used for controlling the laser beam 12 to circularly and periodically scan the powder on the surface of the substrate, namely, the laser beam 12 is disturbed clockwise along the periodic circle so as to stir a molten pool, and then the liquid molten pool is solidified, so that deposited layers are formed, and each layer is overlapped by 3 scanning tracks.
Step 4: after the current layer has been scanned, the forming cylinder 16 is lowered by one layer thickness, step 3 is repeated, and layer by layer deposition is performed until the entire formed part is manufactured.
The example results show that the method of the invention realizes the stirring of the liquid molten pool by converting the linear scanning mode of the laser beam into circular periodic disturbance, can obviously eliminate the air holes and crack defects of the TiAl alloy formed by melting the selected area of the laser, and obtains uniform and fine equiaxed crystal structures. In addition, when the method is used for forming a single-layer sample with the width of 6mm, only 3 scanning channels are needed, if the conventional scanning interval of 0.1mm is adopted, about 60 scanning channels are needed for the single-layer sample with the width of 6mm, and the processing time is greatly prolonged.
The self-disturbance laser additive manufacturing method provided by the invention has the following beneficial effects:
(1) By converting the one-dimensional linear scanning of a laser beam in the prior SLM technology into periodic two-dimensional graphic disturbance, the stirring of a liquid molten pool is realized under the condition of no additional physical field, and the device has the functions of homogenizing microstructure, refining grains, inhibiting element burning loss, reducing metallurgical defects such as cracks and air holes, increasing the size of the molten pool and shortening the processing time, ensures that the part has excellent comprehensive mechanical properties, and can greatly improve the forming efficiency;
(2) The periodic two-dimensional pattern disturbance strategy provided by the invention can enhance the flow of liquid metal, is beneficial to the escape of bubbles and reduces the porosity; the laser beam stirs the liquid molten pool, prolongs the solidification time of the molten pool, reduces the temperature gradient and the solidification rate, and inhibits the formation of crystallization cracks; in addition, the disturbance of the laser along the periodic graph curve can uniformly distribute energy in the molten pool, reduce element burning loss, promote non-spontaneous nucleation of the molten pool, change the preferred growth direction of columnar crystals so as to refine the grains, avoid the phenomenon of uneven structure caused by uneven local heating, and finally improve the toughness of the alloy;
(3) The single-channel line width is greatly increased (the single-channel line width obtained by the conventional SLM linear grating scanning strategy is in the mu m order) by regulating and controlling the unit disturbance pattern parameters, the number of melt channels is reduced, the processing time is shortened, and the forming efficiency is greatly improved. Meanwhile, the flow direction of liquid metal in a molten pool is regulated and controlled by planning a graph curve of a scanning line, so that the flatness of the surface of a fusing channel is ensured, the piling phenomenon of parts under high power and large layer thickness can be effectively inhibited, and the SLM forming under high power and large layer thickness is realized, so that the production efficiency of the parts can be further improved, and the processing cost is reduced;
(4) The method is not only suitable for a single laser beam SLM technology, but also suitable for a multi-beam SLM technology of a plurality of laser beams, can ensure the uniform disturbance effect of large-size complex precise parts while improving the forming efficiency, and has important engineering application value;
(5) The method is suitable for laser selective melting forming of numerous materials such as titanium alloy, aluminum alloy, high-temperature alloy, magnesium alloy, stainless steel, high-entropy alloy, copper alloy, brittle difficult-to-process materials (intermetallic compounds, pure tungsten, ceramics and the like), and is a flexible advanced manufacturing technology which saves cost and is efficient and clean.
It should be noted that in this document, relational terms such as "first" and "second" and the like are used solely to distinguish one entity or action from another entity or action without necessarily requiring or implying any actual such relationship or order between such entities or actions. Moreover, the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitation, an element defined by the phrase "comprising one … …" does not exclude the presence of other like elements in a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises the element. The foregoing is only a specific embodiment of the application to enable those skilled in the art to understand or practice the application. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the generic principles defined herein may be applied to other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the application. Thus, the present application is not intended to be limited to the embodiments shown herein but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.
In summary, the foregoing description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. A method of self-perturbing laser additive manufacturing, the method comprising the steps of:
obtaining structural characteristics of a formed part;
obtaining thermophysical parameters of a forming material;
constructing a self-disturbance laser additive manufacturing system;
designing self-disturbance parameters of a laser beam of the self-disturbance laser additive manufacturing system according to the structural characteristics and the thermophysical parameters;
the design of the self-disturbance parameters of the laser beam of the self-disturbance laser additive manufacturing system according to the structural features and the thermophysical parameters comprises the following steps:
designing unit disturbance graphic parameters of the laser beam;
designing a disturbance period of the laser beam;
designing the disturbance times of the laser beam;
designing the disturbance interval of the laser beam;
designing the disturbance speed of the laser beam;
designing the disturbance direction of the laser beam;
designing the advancing direction of the laser beam;
Determining the scanning interval of the laser beam according to the unit disturbance pattern parameters;
determining the position coordinates of any point in a periodic two-dimensional graph formed by the laser beam according to the unit disturbance graph parameters, the disturbance times and the disturbance intervals;
setting forming process parameters of the laser beam according to the structural characteristics and the thermophysical parameters;
the setting of the shaping process parameters of the laser beam according to the structural features and the thermophysical parameters comprises the steps of:
setting the laser power of the laser beam;
setting a phase angle of the laser beam;
setting the layering thickness of the laser beam;
and manufacturing the formed part according to the self-disturbance parameter and the forming process parameter.
2. The method of self-perturbing laser additive manufacturing according to claim 1, wherein the obtaining structural features of the shaped part comprises the steps of:
acquiring cantilever parameters of the formed part;
acquiring parameters of an inner runner of the formed part;
obtaining porous parameters of the formed part;
and obtaining complex curved surface parameters of the formed part.
3. The method of claim 1, wherein the step of obtaining the thermophysical parameters of the shaped material comprises the steps of:
Acquiring a density parameter of the forming material;
obtaining a melting point parameter of the forming material;
acquiring boiling point parameters of the forming material;
acquiring laser absorptivity parameters of the forming material;
acquiring a heat conductivity coefficient parameter of the forming material;
and obtaining the specific heat capacity parameter of the forming material.
4. The self-perturbing laser additive manufacturing method of claim 1, wherein the self-perturbing laser additive manufacturing system comprises: the device comprises system software, a controller, a laser, a beam expander, a scanning vibrating mirror, a focusing mirror, a substrate, a powder feeding device, a powder spreading device, a forming cylinder and a powder recovery device, wherein the controller is respectively connected with the system software, the laser, the beam expander, the scanning vibrating mirror, the powder spreading device and the forming cylinder, the beam expander is arranged between the laser and the scanning vibrating mirror, the focusing mirror is arranged between the scanning vibrating mirror and the substrate, the substrate is arranged in the forming cylinder and is in collineation with the scanning vibrating mirror and the focusing mirror, the powder feeding device is arranged at a preset position around the substrate and used for feeding powder onto the substrate, the powder spreading device is arranged close to the upper surface of the substrate and used for spreading powder fed by the powder feeding device onto the upper surface of the substrate, and the powder recovery device is arranged close to the left and right sides of the substrate and used for recovering residual powder on the substrate.
5. The self-perturbing laser additive manufacturing method of claim 4, wherein the system software comprises: the forming process parameter control software and the self-disturbance parameter control software are respectively connected with the controller.
6. The self-perturbing laser additive manufacturing method of claim 5, wherein the controller comprises: the forming process parameter controller is connected with the forming process parameter controller by forming process parameter control software, the forming process parameter controller is connected with the laser, the beam expander, the scanning vibrating mirror, the powder spreading device and the forming cylinder by self-disturbance parameter control software, and the self-disturbance parameter controller is connected with the scanning vibrating mirror.
7. The self-perturbing laser additive manufacturing method of claim 1, wherein the manufacturing of the shaped part according to the self-perturbing parameters and the shaping process parameters comprises the steps of:
laying a layer of powder on the surface of the substrate;
Controlling the laser beam to carry out periodic pattern scanning on the powder according to the self-disturbance parameters and the forming process parameters;
acquiring a scanning channel formed by scanning;
overlapping all the scanning channels to form a deposition layer;
and depositing layer by layer to manufacture the whole formed part.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202111178984.9A CN113857492B (en) | 2021-10-09 | 2021-10-09 | Self-disturbance laser additive manufacturing method |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202111178984.9A CN113857492B (en) | 2021-10-09 | 2021-10-09 | Self-disturbance laser additive manufacturing method |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN113857492A CN113857492A (en) | 2021-12-31 |
| CN113857492B true CN113857492B (en) | 2023-08-22 |
Family
ID=79002416
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202111178984.9A Active CN113857492B (en) | 2021-10-09 | 2021-10-09 | Self-disturbance laser additive manufacturing method |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN113857492B (en) |
Families Citing this family (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN114216605B (en) * | 2022-02-17 | 2022-05-13 | 中国地质大学（武汉） | Method for enhancing steam back stamping in-situ measurement additive manufacturing through multiple high-energy beams |
| CN114535609B (en) * | 2022-02-23 | 2023-03-28 | 中国科学院重庆绿色智能技术研究院 | Method for regulating and controlling fusing process of metal powder by using ultrahigh frequency vibration laser beam |
| CN114559060B (en) * | 2022-02-23 | 2023-03-28 | 南京航空航天大学 | In-situ laser shock peening-laser additive manufacturing device and method |
| CN114703430B (en) * | 2022-06-06 | 2022-08-23 | 北京煜鼎增材制造研究院有限公司 | High-boron stainless steel and additive manufacturing method thereof |
| DE102022121182A1 (en) | 2022-08-22 | 2024-02-22 | Oerlikon Am Europe Gmbh | Process for improving surface roughness |
| CN115722801B (en) * | 2022-09-09 | 2024-04-09 | 中国航空制造技术研究院 | Method for improving arc additive manufacturing forming precision in laser-assisted manner |
| CN117680704A (en) * | 2023-12-12 | 2024-03-12 | 武汉纺织大学 | Method for inhibiting cracks of beta-gamma TiAl alloy manufactured by laser additive |
Family Cites Families (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| KR102498030B1 (en) * | 2016-09-29 | 2023-02-08 | 엔라이트 인크. | Tunable Beam Characteristics |
| US10022794B1 (en) * | 2017-01-13 | 2018-07-17 | General Electric Company | Additive manufacturing using a mobile build volume |
| US10589377B2 (en) * | 2017-07-06 | 2020-03-17 | Ii-Vi Delaware Inc. | Additive manufacturing in metals with a fiber array laser source and adaptive multi-beam shaping |
| US11278963B2 (en) * | 2017-11-30 | 2022-03-22 | The Boeing Company | Microstructure refinement methods by melt pool stirring for additive manufactured materials |
| CN108176857A (en) * | 2018-03-05 | 2018-06-19 | 广东工业大学 | A kind of metal 3D printing composite manufacturing method and its device |
| CN112276087A (en) * | 2020-11-12 | 2021-01-29 | 中国矿业大学 | Molten pool disturbed metal part laser additive manufacturing method and system |
-
2021
- 2021-10-09 CN CN202111178984.9A patent/CN113857492B/en active Active
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN113857492A (en) | 2021-12-31 |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| CN113857492B (en) | Self-disturbance laser additive manufacturing method | |
| Ahmed | Direct metal fabrication in rapid prototyping: A review | |
| Masoomi et al. | Laser powder bed fusion of Ti-6Al-4V parts: Thermal modeling and mechanical implications | |
| Wang et al. | Cracking behavior in additively manufactured pure tungsten | |
| JP7017845B2 (en) | Sedimentary head for laminated modeling | |
| Huang et al. | 3D printing optical engine for controlling material microstructure | |
| CN102328081B (en) | Method for rapidly forming three-dimensional metal parts by high-power lasers | |
| WO2015031453A1 (en) | Systems and methods for additive manufacturing of three dimensional structures | |
| Bineli et al. | Direct metal laser sintering (DMLS): Technology for design and construction of microreactors | |
| Brueckner et al. | Process characteristics in high-precision laser metal deposition using wire and powder | |
| CN111001806B (en) | Method and device for refining grains in additive manufacturing | |
| CN111036905A (en) | Method for improving density and avoiding hole defects by using layer-by-layer repeated laser remelting | |
| CN114502303A (en) | Powder bed melting additive manufacturing method and device | |
| Abdulrahman et al. | Laser metal deposition of titanium aluminide composites: A review | |
| Zhang et al. | Analysis on surface finish of thin-wall parts by laser metal deposition with annular beam | |
| WO2020058722A1 (en) | A powder bed: additive manufacturing | |
| CN114472927A (en) | Multi-energy-beam selective laser melting device and material increase method | |
| US11331727B2 (en) | Method of additively manufacturing a structure on a pre-existing component out of the powder bed | |
| Mishra et al. | Energy efficiency contributions and losses during selective laser melting | |
| Yu et al. | Influences of z-axis increment and analyses of defects of AISI 316L stainless steel hollow thin-walled cylinder | |
| Sohn et al. | Real-time porosity reduction during metal directed energy deposition using a pulse laser | |
| US20220134433A1 (en) | Additive manufacture | |
| RU2725537C1 (en) | Method for electron-beam additive production of workpieces | |
| Duong et al. | Scan path resolved thermal modelling of LPBF | |
| Chen et al. | Slicing strategy and process of laser direct metal deposition (DMD) of the inclined thin-walled part under open-loop control |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant |