CN113849906A - Cylindrical storage tank strength design method based on carrier rocket internal pressure effect - Google Patents
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Abstract
A design method for strength of a cylindrical storage box based on a carrier rocket internal pressure effect comprises the steps of selecting an initial internal pressure gain coefficient, correcting a target design value of axial pressure bearing capacity, optimizing design parameters based on an engineering algorithm, checking axial pressure limit bearing capacity under the action of internal pressure by adopting a finite element method for the optimized parameters, adjusting the internal pressure gain coefficient according to the deviation of a calculated value of a bearing capacity finite element and a design target value, optimizing and checking the parameters in a new round, and continuously iterating until optimal design parameters are obtained.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a cylindrical storage box strength design method based on a carrier rocket internal pressure effect, and belongs to the field of carrier rocket storage box strength design.
Background
The carrier rocket propellant storage tank is a cylindrical bearing type storage tank which is commonly adopted at present, plays a role in storing the propellant and transfers the rocket body load. The cylindrical bearing type storage box generally comprises a front bottom, a rear bottom, a front short shell, a rear short shell, a cylinder section and the like, and the main loading form of the cylinder section is the combined action of the internal pressure of a shaft. When designing the structural strength of the cylindrical storage tank barrel section, the common method is as follows: 1) designing a wall thickness according to an internal pressure load to ensure that the stress strength of the whole box under the maximum internal pressure working condition meets requirements, 2) calculating the axial pressure stability ultimate bearing capacity under the wall thickness in the step 1, and finishing the design if the ultimate bearing capacity is greater than an equivalent axial pressure design load; if the ultimate bearing capacity is smaller than the equivalent axial pressure design load, the wall thickness is simply increased or the ribs in a grid form are added, and a better scheme is determined by optimizing and combining the process implementation, so that the axial pressure ultimate bearing capacity meets the requirement. However, although the above strength design method has a clear flow and is easy to implement, the beneficial effect on the bearing capacity of the storage tank axial pressure stability under the action of a certain internal pressure is not considered, and the structural weight has a certain margin, which hinders the further improvement of the structural efficiency.
Disclosure of Invention
The technical problem solved by the invention is as follows: aiming at the problem that the conventional method for designing the structural strength of the cylindrical storage tank barrel section in the prior art has defects, the cylindrical storage tank strength design method based on the internal pressure effect of the carrier rocket is provided.
The technical scheme for solving the technical problems is as follows:
a cylindrical storage tank strength design method based on a carrier rocket internal pressure effect comprises the following steps:
(1) working condition combing is carried out on the load of the cylindrical storage box in the launch task of the carrier rocket, and the maximum internal pressure design load, the maximum equivalent axial pressure design load of the cylinder section and the corresponding internal pressure use load are identified;
(2) designing the thickness of the wall plate of the cylindrical storage tank according to the maximum internal pressure design load, and calculating the initial design value of the thickness of the minimum base wall plate according to the maximum internal pressure design load and the material strength limit of the wall plate;
(3) according to the preliminary design value of the thickness of the wall plate obtained in the step (2), sequentially performing stress checking on a hydraulic test working condition of the cylindrical storage tank and a combined action working condition of the axial internal pressure load, performing stress checking on a next combined action working condition of the axial internal pressure load when the calculated stress of the hydraulic test working condition is smaller than the yield strength of the material, and increasing the wall thickness by taking 0.1mm as a unit until the calculated stress is smaller than the yield strength of the material and then performing the next item when the calculated stress is larger than the yield strength of the material;
the operation steps of checking the stress of the working condition under the joint action of the axial internal pressure load are consistent with the working condition of a hydraulic test, when the calculated stress is smaller than the yield strength of the material, the current wall thickness is the final design value, when the calculated stress is larger than the yield strength of the material, the wall thickness is increased progressively by taking 0.1mm as a unit until the calculated stress is smaller than the yield strength of the material, and the obtained wall thickness is the final design value;
(4) preliminarily selecting an internal pressure gain coefficient a according to the maximum internal pressure design load, and adjusting original limit bearing capacity design target values Nj to Njm of the cylindrical storage box, wherein Njm is Nj/a;
(5) optimizing the design parameters of the storage tank by taking the adjusted original limit bearing capacity design target value Njm of the cylindrical storage tank as a constraint condition and taking the maximum storage tank load ratio as a target to obtain optimal design parameters;
(6) establishing a corresponding finite element model according to the obtained optimal design parameters, and calculating the structural axial pressure limit bearing capacity Nlj under the action of internal pressure;
(7) comparing the structural axial pressure limit bearing capacity Nlj under the action of internal pressure with the original limit bearing capacity design target value Nj of the cylindrical storage box, and if Nlj is greater than Nj, completing strength design; and if Nlj is smaller than Nj, correcting the internal pressure gain coefficient, returning to the step (4) until Nlj is larger than Nj, and finishing the strength design.
In the step (6), the specific method for calculating the structural axial pressure limit bearing capacity Nlj under the action of the internal pressure comprises the following steps:
only applying internal pressure load to deform the tank structure;
and controlling the internal pressure load to be unchanged, applying an axial pressure load, obtaining a load displacement curve of the storage box structure by a nonlinear analysis method, determining the critical bearing capacity, and calculating the structural axial pressure limit bearing capacity Nlj under the action of the internal pressure.
In the step (7), if Nlj is greater than or equal to Nj, the optimal design parameters meet the design requirements, strength design is completed, if Nlj is smaller than Nj, the internal pressure gain coefficient is corrected according to the ratio of Nlj to Nj to be reduced, the step (4) is returned until the axle pressure checking limit bearing capacity through the finite element method meets Nlj, and the strength design is completed.
In the step (7), if Nlj is greater than 1.1 times of Nj, the internal pressure gain coefficient is corrected through the ratio of Nlj to Nj to be increased, the step (4) is returned, the axle load checking limit bearing capacity through the finite element method is guaranteed to meet the condition that Nlj is greater than or equal to Nj, and the strength design is completed.
In the step (2), the preliminary design value of the thickness of the minimum base wall plate is required to meet the strength margin index requirement of the design of the cylindrical storage tank, and is calculated through a stress calculation formula under the action of the internal pressure load of the thin cylindrical shell.
And the internal pressure gain coefficient is selected according to the influence of the internal pressure of the storage tank on the axial pressure bearing capacity of the cylinder section.
The internal pressure gain factor is selected within a range of 1.0 to 1.2.
And after calculating and obtaining the initial design value of the minimum base wall plate thickness, checking by the equivalent stress unyielding under the combined action of the stress unyielding and the axial internal pressure of the whole storage box hydraulic test.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the advantages that:
according to the strength design method of the cylindrical storage box based on the inner pressure effect of the carrier rocket, the influence of the inner pressure on the bearing capacity is considered for carrying out strength optimization design, meanwhile, the gain effect of the inner pressure on the bearing capacity of the axle pressure is considered, the iterative optimization based on the engineering algorithm is carried out by introducing the inner pressure gain coefficient, the finite element analysis is only checked, the finite element calculation times are greatly reduced, and the problem of low efficiency of optimization directly based on the finite element analysis is solved.
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FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a method for designing strength of a cylindrical storage tank according to the present invention;
Detailed Description
A design method of strength of a cylindrical storage box based on the inner pressure effect of a carrier rocket is characterized in that when the strength of the cylindrical storage box is designed, after a wall thickness design value meeting the maximum inner pressure working condition stress strength is obtained, an inner pressure gain coefficient is selected preliminarily, a target value of the axial pressure stability limit bearing capacity is reduced after the inner pressure gain coefficient is considered, design parameters are optimized by an engineering calculation method of the axial pressure limit bearing capacity of a light cylinder shell or a grid reinforced shell, an optimal configuration and design parameters meeting the target limit bearing capacity are obtained, then a corresponding finite element model is established, the structural axial pressure limit bearing capacity under the action of inner pressure is calculated through a finite element method, if the limit bearing capacity is larger than an original target value (no inner pressure gain correction is made), corresponding structural strength optimization design is completed, if the limit bearing capacity is smaller than the original target value, the inner pressure gain coefficient is corrected according to the ratio of the limit bearing capacity to the original target value to reduce the inner pressure gain coefficient, and then, carrying out design parameter optimization and finite element checking based on the engineering algorithm again, and repeating iteration until the axial internal pressure checking limit bearing capacity of the finite element method meets the original design target value.
The specific method comprises the following steps:
(1) working condition combing is carried out on the load of the cylindrical storage box in the launch task of the carrier rocket, and the maximum internal pressure design load, the maximum equivalent axial pressure design load of the cylinder section and the corresponding internal pressure use load are identified;
(2) designing the thickness of the wall plate of the cylindrical storage tank according to the maximum internal pressure design load, and calculating the initial design value of the thickness of the minimum base wall plate according to the maximum internal pressure design load and the material strength limit of the wall plate;
the initial design value of the thickness of the minimum base wall plate is required to meet the strength margin index requirement of the design of the cylindrical storage tank, and the initial design value of the thickness of the minimum base wall plate is calculated through a stress calculation formula under the action of the internal pressure load of the thin cylindrical shell;
(3) according to the preliminary design value of the thickness of the wall plate obtained in the step (2), sequentially performing stress checking on a hydraulic test working condition of the cylindrical storage tank and a combined action working condition of the axial internal pressure load, performing stress checking on a next combined action working condition of the axial internal pressure load when the calculated stress of the hydraulic test working condition is smaller than the yield strength of the material, and increasing the wall thickness by taking 0.1mm as a unit until the calculated stress is smaller than the yield strength of the material and then performing the next item when the calculated stress is larger than the yield strength of the material;
the operation steps of checking the stress of the working condition under the joint action of the axial internal pressure load are consistent with the working condition of a hydraulic test, when the calculated stress is smaller than the yield strength of the material, the current wall thickness is the final design value, when the calculated stress is larger than the yield strength of the material, the wall thickness is increased progressively by taking 0.1mm as a unit until the calculated stress is smaller than the yield strength of the material, and the obtained wall thickness is the final design value;
(4) preliminarily selecting an internal pressure gain coefficient a according to the maximum internal pressure design load, and adjusting original limit bearing capacity design target values Nj to Njm of the cylindrical storage box, wherein Njm is Nj/a;
the internal pressure gain coefficient is selected according to the influence of the internal pressure of the storage tank on the axial pressure bearing capacity of the cylinder section;
the internal pressure gain coefficient is selected within the range of 1.0 to 1.2;
(5) optimizing the design parameters of the storage tank by taking the adjusted original limit bearing capacity design target value Njm of the cylindrical storage tank as a constraint condition and taking the maximum storage tank load ratio as a target to obtain optimal design parameters;
(6) establishing a corresponding finite element model according to the obtained optimal design parameters, and calculating the structural axial pressure limit bearing capacity Nlj under the action of internal pressure;
the specific method for calculating the structural axial pressure limit bearing capacity Nlj under the action of the internal pressure comprises the following steps:
only applying internal pressure load to deform the tank structure;
controlling the internal pressure load to be unchanged, applying an axial pressure load, obtaining a load displacement curve of the storage box structure by a nonlinear analysis method, determining a critical bearing capacity, and calculating the structural axial pressure limit bearing capacity Nlj under the action of the internal pressure;
(7) comparing the structural axial pressure limit bearing capacity Nlj under the action of internal pressure with the original limit bearing capacity design target value Nj of the cylindrical storage box, and if Nlj is greater than Nj, completing strength design; if Nlj is smaller than Nj, the internal pressure gain coefficient is corrected, the step (4) is returned, until Nlj is larger than Nj, and the strength design is completed, wherein:
and (3) if Nlj is greater than Nj, the optimal design parameters meet the design requirements and strength design is completed, if Nlj is less than Nj, the internal pressure gain coefficient is corrected according to the ratio of Nlj and Nj so as to be reduced, the step (4) is returned until the axle load checking limit bearing capacity through the finite element method meets Nlj, and the strength design is completed.
And (3) if Nlj is more than 1.1 times of Nj, correcting the internal pressure gain coefficient by the ratio of Nlj to Nj to increase the internal pressure gain coefficient, returning to the step (4), ensuring that the axle load checking limit bearing capacity through a finite element method meets Nlj, wherein the bearing capacity is more than or equal to Nj, and completing strength design.
The following is further illustrated with reference to specific examples:
in this example, as shown in fig. 1, the method of the present invention is implemented as follows:
step S1: and (5) combing under a load working condition. And processing the loads of the cylindrical storage tanks in the full-mission section of the carrier rocket, and identifying the maximum internal pressure design load, the maximum equivalent axial pressure design load of the barrel section and the corresponding internal pressure use load.
Step S2: and (4) designing the thickness of the wallboard. Specifically, the wall base thickness design must be such that the barrel section has a strength margin to meet the design requirements at the maximum internal pressure design load. And obtaining a minimum basic wall thickness preliminary design value meeting the requirements through the internal pressure design load and the material strength limit by adopting a stress calculation formula under the action of the internal pressure load of the thin cylindrical shell.
Step S3: according to the preliminary design value of the thickness of the wall plate obtained in the step (2), sequentially performing stress checking on a hydraulic test working condition of the cylindrical storage tank and a combined action working condition of the axial internal pressure load, performing stress checking on a next combined action working condition of the axial internal pressure load when the calculated stress of the hydraulic test working condition is smaller than the yield strength of the material, and increasing the wall thickness by taking 0.1mm as a unit until the calculated stress is smaller than the yield strength of the material and then performing the next item when the calculated stress is larger than the yield strength of the material; the operation steps of checking the stress of the working condition under the joint action of the axial internal pressure load are consistent with the working condition of a hydraulic test, when the calculated stress is smaller than the yield strength of the material, the current wall thickness is the final design value, when the calculated stress is larger than the yield strength of the material, the wall thickness is increased progressively by taking 0.1mm as a unit until the calculated stress is smaller than the yield strength of the material, and the obtained wall thickness is the final design value;
step S4: and (4) parameter optimization condition preparation. Considering the influence of the internal pressure action on the axial pressure bearing capacity of the cylinder section, initially selecting an internal pressure gain coefficient before optimizing the design parameters of the cylinder section, and adjusting the original limit bearing capacity design target values Nj to Njm according to the internal pressure gain coefficient. The internal pressure gain coefficient can be selected according to the size of the internal pressure load, and the empirical range is between 1.0 and 1.2;
step S5: and optimizing design parameters. Based on the engineering calculation method of the ultimate bearing capacity of the optical cylinder thin-wall shell and the grid reinforced thin-wall cylindrical shell, the corrected target value Njm of the bearing capacity of the shaft pressure is used as a constraint condition, the maximum load ratio is used as a target to carry out parameter optimization, and the optimal design parameters are obtained;
step S6: and (4) checking design parameter finite elements. And establishing a corresponding finite element model according to the design parameters obtained in the step S5, and calculating the structural axial pressure limit bearing capacity Nlj under the action of the internal pressure by using a finite element method. Setting two analysis steps, wherein the 1 st analysis step only applies internal pressure load, so that the structure generates certain deformation; in the 2 nd analysis step, the pressure load is unchanged, the axial pressure load is newly applied, and a load displacement curve of the structure is obtained by adopting a nonlinear analysis method, so that the critical bearing capacity is obtained;
step S7: and judging a checking result. Comparing the calculated critical bearing capacity value Nlj considering the internal pressure load effect by adopting a finite element method with the original design target value Nj of the limiting bearing capacity, if Nlj > Nj indicates that the optimized design parameters of the cylinder section considering the internal pressure effect can meet the design requirements, and finishing the strength design; if Nlj < Nj indicates that the initially selected internal pressure gain coefficient needs to be corrected, the internal pressure gain coefficient is corrected according to the ratio of Nlj to Nj so as to be reduced, and the steps S4 to S7 are repeated until the axial internal pressure check limit bearing capacity of the finite element method meets the original design target value. Conversely, if Nlj is much larger than Nj, and Nlj is greater than 1.1 times Nj, then the initially selected gain factor for internal pressure may be increased, again by modifying it according to the ratio of Nlj to Nj, and repeating steps S4-S7.
And (4) performing strength optimization design by considering the influence of the internal pressure on the bearing capacity. Although the prior art method has clear flow and is easy to implement when designing the strength of the cylindrical storage tank, the obtained design parameters are always conservative due to the fact that the gain effect of the internal pressure effect on the axle pressure bearing capacity is not considered, and the structural efficiency is affected by the corresponding cost of paying for part of structural weight. The invention can consider the gain effect of the internal pressure;
because the engineering calculation algorithms of the cylindrical optical cylinder shell and the grid reinforced shell cannot reflect the influence of internal pressure on the axial pressure bearing capacity, the structural efficiency cannot be fully exerted by adopting the strength design method based on the engineering algorithms, but the engineering algorithms have the advantages of high calculation efficiency and suitability for parameter optimization. If the finite element method is directly adopted to consider the internal pressure effect to carry out the parameter optimization design of the axial pressure bearing, the time consumption of the finite element calculation is longer, and the optimization efficiency is lower. The invention carries out iterative optimization based on the engineering algorithm by introducing the internal pressure gain coefficient, and the finite element analysis only carries out checking, thereby greatly reducing the finite element calculation times and solving the problem of low efficiency of directly carrying out optimization based on the finite element analysis.
It will be evident to those skilled in the art that the invention is not limited to the details of the foregoing illustrative embodiments, and that the present invention may be embodied in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential attributes thereof. The present embodiments are therefore to be considered in all respects as illustrative and not restrictive, the scope of the invention being indicated by the appended claims rather than by the foregoing description, and all changes which come within the meaning and range of equivalency of the claims are therefore intended to be embraced therein. Any reference sign in a claim should not be construed as limiting the claim concerned.
Those skilled in the art will appreciate that the details of the invention not described in detail in this specification are well within the skill of those in the art.
Claims (8)
1. A cylindrical storage tank strength design method based on a carrier rocket internal pressure effect is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) working condition combing is carried out on the load of the cylindrical storage box in the launch task of the carrier rocket, and the maximum internal pressure design load, the maximum equivalent axial pressure design load of the cylinder section and the corresponding internal pressure use load are identified;
(2) designing the thickness of the wall plate of the cylindrical storage tank according to the maximum internal pressure design load, and calculating the initial design value of the thickness of the minimum base wall plate according to the maximum internal pressure design load and the material strength limit of the wall plate;
(3) according to the preliminary design value of the thickness of the wall plate obtained in the step (2), sequentially performing stress checking on a hydraulic test working condition of the cylindrical storage tank and a combined action working condition of the axial internal pressure load, performing stress checking on a next combined action working condition of the axial internal pressure load when the calculated stress of the hydraulic test working condition is smaller than the yield strength of the material, and increasing the wall thickness by taking 0.1mm as a unit until the calculated stress is smaller than the yield strength of the material and then performing the next item when the calculated stress is larger than the yield strength of the material;
the operation steps of checking the stress of the working condition under the joint action of the axial internal pressure load are consistent with the working condition of a hydraulic test, when the calculated stress is smaller than the yield strength of the material, the current wall thickness is the final design value, when the calculated stress is larger than the yield strength of the material, the wall thickness is increased progressively by taking 0.1mm as a unit until the calculated stress is smaller than the yield strength of the material, and the obtained wall thickness is the final design value;
(4) preliminarily selecting an internal pressure gain coefficient a according to the maximum internal pressure design load, and adjusting original limit bearing capacity design target values Nj to Njm of the cylindrical storage box, wherein Njm is Nj/a;
(5) optimizing the design parameters of the storage tank by taking the adjusted original limit bearing capacity design target value Njm of the cylindrical storage tank as a constraint condition and taking the maximum storage tank load ratio as a target to obtain optimal design parameters;
(6) establishing a corresponding finite element model according to the obtained optimal design parameters, and calculating the structural axial pressure limit bearing capacity Nlj under the action of internal pressure;
(7) comparing the structural axial pressure limit bearing capacity Nlj under the action of internal pressure with the original limit bearing capacity design target value Nj of the cylindrical storage box, and if Nlj is greater than Nj, completing strength design; and if Nlj is smaller than Nj, correcting the internal pressure gain coefficient, returning to the step (4) until Nlj is larger than Nj, and finishing the strength design.
2. The cylindrical tank strength design method based on the internal pressure effect of the launch vehicle according to claim 1, characterized in that:
in the step (6), the specific method for calculating the structural axial pressure limit bearing capacity Nlj under the action of the internal pressure comprises the following steps:
only applying internal pressure load to deform the tank structure;
and controlling the internal pressure load to be unchanged, applying an axial pressure load, obtaining a load displacement curve of the storage box structure by a nonlinear analysis method, determining the critical bearing capacity, and calculating the structural axial pressure limit bearing capacity Nlj under the action of the internal pressure.
3. The cylindrical tank strength design method based on the internal pressure effect of the launch vehicle according to claim 1, characterized in that:
in the step (7), if Nlj is greater than or equal to Nj, the optimal design parameters meet the design requirements, strength design is completed, if Nlj is smaller than Nj, the internal pressure gain coefficient is corrected according to the ratio of Nlj to Nj to be reduced, the step (4) is returned until the axle pressure checking limit bearing capacity through the finite element method meets Nlj, and the strength design is completed.
4. The cylindrical tank strength design method based on the internal pressure effect of the launch vehicle according to claim 3, characterized in that:
in the step (7), if Nlj is greater than 1.1 times of Nj, the internal pressure gain coefficient is corrected through the ratio of Nlj to Nj to be increased, the step (4) is returned, the axle load checking limit bearing capacity through the finite element method is guaranteed to meet the condition that Nlj is greater than or equal to Nj, and the strength design is completed.
5. The cylindrical tank strength design method based on the internal pressure effect of the launch vehicle according to claim 1, characterized in that:
in the step (2), the preliminary design value of the thickness of the minimum base wall plate is required to meet the strength margin index requirement of the design of the cylindrical storage tank, and is calculated through a stress calculation formula under the action of the internal pressure load of the thin cylindrical shell.
6. The cylindrical tank strength design method based on the internal pressure effect of the launch vehicle according to claim 1, characterized in that:
and the internal pressure gain coefficient is selected according to the influence of the internal pressure of the storage tank on the axial pressure bearing capacity of the cylinder section.
7. The cylindrical tank strength design method based on the internal pressure effect of the launch vehicle according to claim 1, characterized in that:
the internal pressure gain factor is selected within a range of 1.0 to 1.2.
8. The cylindrical tank strength design method based on the internal pressure effect of the launch vehicle according to claim 1, characterized in that:
and after calculating and obtaining the initial design value of the minimum base wall plate thickness, checking by the equivalent stress unyielding under the combined action of the stress unyielding and the axial internal pressure of the whole storage box hydraulic test.
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| 辛腾达;王华;崔村燕;赵继广;韩向阳: "贮箱轻量化设计几何参数优化方法", 西安交通大学学报, no. 007, 31 December 2019 (2019-12-31) * |
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