CN113847032A - Blocking deep hole ore-breaking filling mining method for unstable ore rock inclined thick and large ore body - Google Patents
Blocking deep hole ore-breaking filling mining method for unstable ore rock inclined thick and large ore body Download PDFInfo
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- CN113847032A CN113847032A CN202111134036.5A CN202111134036A CN113847032A CN 113847032 A CN113847032 A CN 113847032A CN 202111134036 A CN202111134036 A CN 202111134036A CN 113847032 A CN113847032 A CN 113847032A
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21C—MINING OR QUARRYING
- E21C41/00—Methods of underground or surface mining; Layouts therefor
- E21C41/16—Methods of underground mining; Layouts therefor
- E21C41/22—Methods of underground mining; Layouts therefor for ores, e.g. mining placers
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21F—SAFETY DEVICES, TRANSPORT, FILLING-UP, RESCUE, VENTILATION, OR DRAINING IN OR OF MINES OR TUNNELS
- E21F15/00—Methods or devices for placing filling-up materials in underground workings
Abstract
The invention discloses a block deep hole ore-breaking filling mining method for unstable ore rocks and thick and large inclined ore bodies, which comprises the following steps: s1, stope arrangement; s2, collecting the standard; s3, extracting; s4, filling; s5 residual recovery. Aiming at unstable ore rocks, the large-diameter deep hole is adopted for cutting and stoping on the premise of effectively reducing the exposed area, and compared with the traditional mining method adopting shallow hole and medium-length hole blasting for unstable surrounding rocks, the mining method has the advantages of small mining and cutting engineering quantity, high mechanization degree, simple stoping process, large production capacity and mining cost reduction by about 20%.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of mining of underground mine ore bodies, which is mainly suitable for large-scale and mechanical mining of inclined and extremely inclined thick ore bodies with unstable ore rocks in a well, and is particularly suitable for back mining of the inclined thick ore bodies with unstable ore rocks.
Background
When thick and large ore bodies under a metal mine are mined, because ore rocks are unstable, the stability of a top plate is damaged due to blasting vibration and top plate stress concentration in the mining process, so that the top plate is locally or even massively collapsed, the safety of underground operators and equipment is seriously damaged, and the safety of the underground operators and the equipment is greatly threatened.
At present, the mining of such ore body usually adopts an approach filling method, a layered filling method and a segmented open-stope subsequent filling method. The method reduces the exposed area of the roof by reducing the stope span, and maintains the stability of the roof. However, the defects of small stope size, large amount of mining-preparation cutting engineering, low production capacity, complex production process and the like exist, and a proper mining method needs to be found so as to achieve safe and efficient stoping.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention solves the defects of the prior art and provides the mining method of the unstable ore rock inclined thick ore body, which is safe, efficient, simple in process and easy to manage.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows: a block deep hole ore-breaking filling mining method for unstable ore rock inclined thick and large ore bodies comprises the following steps: s1, arranging stopes, and dividing the stopes into a one-step mining room and a two-step mining room along the trend of the ore body; dividing a one-step mining room and a two-step mining room into a first part, a second part and a third part along the direction of a vertical ore body for stoping; s2, mining accurately, respectively tunneling a vein-following roadway and an air return roadway on the upper and lower plates of an ore body, and vertically tunneling a trench bottom-pulling roadway and an ore removal roadway to communicate with each other along the trend of the ore body; then, a ore removal route is tunneled; constructing a lower-wall vein-following transportation roadway and an upper-wall air return roadway at the upper section, a rock drilling chamber connection roadway and a rock drilling roadway, performing tunneling in different times according to the block mining sequence to form a rock drilling chamber at the upper part of a mining block, and performing anchor net-jet combined support in time to form a rock drilling chamber strip column; s3, stoping, namely, firstly, stoping the blocks firstly, drilling vertical blastholes with different depths downwards in the drilling chamber by adopting a down-the-hole rock drill in the upper drilling chamber, forming a free surface by adopting a deep hole slot-drawing, and successively forming a trench after blasting the vertical blastholes with different depths along with the block stoping; the step-inverted blasting ore falling is layered from bottom to top to form a blasting pile, the height of each blasting layer is 3m, the top breaking is carried out in the last layer of 10m, and a scraper is adopted to load ore into a chute or convey the ore through an ore removal route (2) and an ore removal roadway (3); s4, filling, after ore removal, partitioning the inner ore removal cross lane and trench lanes leading to adjacent extraction units, sealing by using a bottom sealing wall, performing cemented filling after sealing, after filling to a rock drilling chamber bottom plate, sealing the rock drilling chamber channel by using a top sealing wall, and after sealing, performing filling and roof connecting; and S5, performing stoping of the residual blocks II and III after the stoping block filling strength reaches the self-supporting condition.
As a further improvement of the invention, in step S2, the tunneling ore removal route is successively completed according to the block stoping sequence, and two sides of the block stoping route are tunneled one by one.
As a further improvement of the present invention, in step S4, the above range of the drilling chamber floor is 1: 4-6 lime-sand ratio for cemented filling, and adopting 1: 6-8, performing cementing and filling.
As a further improvement of the invention, in step S5, the mining is divided into two blocks, namely mining and mining, the mining step is divided into two blocks, namely, the strength of cemented filling is reduced to 1: 8 to 10.
The invention has the following beneficial effects: the invention has the following advantages of (1) small single exposure area and high recovery safety. The chamber is further divided into a first part, a second part and a third part for stoping, the rock drilling chamber, the trench and the ore removal route are formed along with the block stoping in multiple times, the single exposed area is small, the exposed area is reduced to 1/3 of the traditional stoping process, and the safety of personnel and equipment is effectively guaranteed. (2) Small mining and cutting engineering quantity, large production capacity and low mining cost. Aiming at unstable ore rocks, the large-diameter deep hole is adopted for cutting and stoping on the premise of effectively reducing the exposed area, and compared with the traditional mining method adopting shallow hole and medium-length hole blasting for unstable surrounding rocks, the mining method has the advantages of small mining and cutting engineering quantity, high mechanization degree, simple stoping process, large production capacity and mining cost reduction by about 20%.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic plan view of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a sectional view taken along line ii-ii in fig. 1.
Fig. 3 is a cross-sectional view taken along line iii-iii of fig. 2.
FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view of IV-IV in FIG. 2.
Shown in the figure: 1 middle section vein laneway, 2 ore removal laneway, 3 ore removal access, 4 air return laneway, 5 upper middle section vein laneway, 6 drilling chamber connection laneway, 7 upper middle section air return laneway, 8 drilling laneway, 9 trench, 10 drilling chamber strip column, 11 blast hole, 12 ore body, 13 tail rubber filling body, 14 air hole, 15 blast hole, 16 blasting ore pile, 17 compensation space, 18 enclosure wall, 19 top enclosure wall.
Detailed Description
The invention is further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples.
In the examples, the 2# ore body of a certain section of a certain copper ore is taken as an example.
S1, stope layout and structure parameters;
1) adopting two-step stoping, dividing the stope into a one-step stope room and a two-step stope room along the trend of the ore body, taking 15m for the width B of the stope room, taking 45m for the horizontal thickness L of the ore body, and taking 50m for the stage height H.
2) And (3) the trend of the ore body is vertical, the one-step mining room and the two-step mining room are divided into a first part, a second part and a third part for stoping, and 15m is taken out when the width is L/3 m.
S2, preparing a standard sample;
1) the upper and lower plates of the ore body are respectively tunneled along the vein roadway 1 and the return air roadway 4, and the excavation trench 9 and the ore removal roadway 2 are communicated in the direction perpendicular to the direction of the ore body.
2) And (3) tunneling the ore removal route 3, wherein the step is successively completed according to the block recovery sequence, and two sides of the ore removal route are tunneled one by one before the block recovery without tunneling once.
3) Constructing an upper middle section vein-following roadway 5 and an upper middle section air return roadway 7 on the upper middle section, tunneling a rock drilling chamber connecting roadway 6 and a rock drilling roadway 8, tunneling and brushing the rock drilling chamber on the upper part of a mining block in a grading manner according to a block mining sequence, and timely adopting an anchor net to spray and jointly support, wherein the thickness is 100mm, a rock drilling chamber strip column 10 is formed, the size is 7m multiplied by 7m, and mining safety is ensured by reducing single exposure area and timely supporting.
S3, extracting;
1) when stoping the chamber, firstly, stoping the blocks, drilling vertical blastholes with different depths downwards in the drilling chamber by adopting a phi 165mm down-hole rock drill in the upper drilling chamber, forming a free surface by adopting a deep hole slot-drawing hole, and successively blasting the trench through the vertical blastholes with different depths along with the block stoping.
2) The step-inverted blasting ore falling is layered from bottom to top to form a blasting pile, the height of each blasting layer is 3m, the top breaking is carried out in the last layer of 10m, and a scraper is adopted to load ore into a chute or convey the ore into the chute through an ore removal route 3 and an ore removal roadway 2. And a small amount of ore removal leaves free space for next blasting, and centralized ore removal is carried out after the block blasting is finished.
S4, filling;
after ore removal, the intra-block ore removal cross drift and trench drifts leading to adjacent extraction units are closed by bottom closing walls 18. And after the sealing is finished, performing cemented filling, after the cemented filling is filled to a drilling chamber bottom plate, sealing the drilling chamber channel by using a top sealing wall 19, after the sealing is finished, performing filling and roof connecting, wherein the thickness of the bottom of the drilling chamber bottom plate is 6m, and the range above the drilling chamber bottom plate is 1: 4-6 lime-sand ratio for cemented filling, and adopting 1: 6-8, performing cementing and filling.
S5, when the filling strength of the stoping blocks reaches the self-supporting condition, namely the strength is not lower than 2.5Mpa, stoping of the residual blocks II and III of the chamber is carried out, the stoping step is the same as the block I, the strength of the cemented filling is reduced to 1: 8 to 10.
The block deep hole ore-breaking filling mining method for the unstable inclined thick and large ore body of the ore rock has the beneficial effects that:
(1) small single exposure area and high recovery safety
The chamber is further divided into a first part, a second part and a third part for stoping, the rock drilling chamber, the trench and the ore removal route are formed along with the block stoping in multiple times, the single exposed area is small, the exposed area is reduced to 1/3 of the traditional stoping process, and the safety of personnel and equipment is effectively guaranteed.
(2) Small mining and cutting engineering quantity, large production capacity and low mining cost
Aiming at unstable ore rocks, on the premise of effectively reducing the exposed area, the cutting and stoping work both adopt large-diameter deep holes, compared with the traditional mining method that shallow-hole and medium-length hole blasting is adopted for unstable surrounding rocks, the mining and cutting engineering quantity is small, the mechanization degree is high, the stoping process is simple, the production capacity is large, and the mining cost can be reduced by about 20%.
It should be understood by those skilled in the art that the protection scheme of the present invention is not limited to the above-mentioned embodiments, and various permutations, combinations and modifications can be made on the above-mentioned embodiments without departing from the spirit of the present invention, and the modifications are within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (4)
1. A block deep hole ore-breaking filling mining method for unstable ore rock inclined thick and large ore bodies comprises the following steps:
s1, arranging stopes, and dividing the stopes into a one-step mining room and a two-step mining room along the trend of the ore body; dividing a one-step mining room and a two-step mining room into a first part, a second part and a third part along the direction of a vertical ore body for stoping;
s2, mining accurately, respectively tunneling a vein-following roadway and an air return roadway on the upper and lower plates of an ore body, and vertically tunneling a trench bottom-pulling roadway and an ore removal roadway to communicate with each other along the trend of the ore body; then, a ore removal route is tunneled; constructing a lower-wall vein-following transportation roadway and an upper-wall air return roadway at the upper section, a rock drilling chamber connection roadway and a rock drilling roadway, performing tunneling in different times according to the block mining sequence to form a rock drilling chamber at the upper part of a mining block, and performing anchor net-jet combined support in time to form a rock drilling chamber strip column;
s3, stoping, namely, firstly, stoping the blocks firstly, drilling vertical blastholes with different depths downwards in the drilling chamber by adopting a down-the-hole rock drill in the upper drilling chamber, forming a free surface by adopting a deep hole slot-drawing, and successively forming a trench after blasting the vertical blastholes with different depths along with the block stoping; the step-inverted blasting ore falling is layered from bottom to top to form a blasting pile, the height of each blasting layer is 3m, the top breaking is carried out in the last layer of 10m, and a scraper is adopted to load ore into a chute or convey the ore through an ore removal route (2) and an ore removal roadway (3);
s4, filling, after ore removal, partitioning the inner ore removal cross lane and trench lanes leading to adjacent extraction units, sealing by using a bottom sealing wall, performing cemented filling after sealing, after filling to a rock drilling chamber bottom plate, sealing the rock drilling chamber channel by using a top sealing wall, and after sealing, performing filling and roof connecting;
and S5, performing stoping of the residual blocks II and III after the stoping block filling strength reaches the self-supporting condition.
2. The block deep hole ore breaking and filling mining method for the unstable inclined thick and large ore body of the ore rock according to claim 1, wherein in the step S2, the tunneling ore removal route is completed successively according to the block recovery sequence, and only one ore is tunneled on each side before the block recovery.
3. The block deep hole ore-breaking and filling mining method for the unstable ore and the thick and inclined ore body according to claim 1, wherein in the step S4, the range above the bottom plate of the rock drilling chamber is 1: 4-6 lime-sand ratio for cemented filling, and adopting 1: 6-8, performing cementing and filling.
4. The method as claimed in claim 1, wherein in step S5, the mining is performed by partitioning (ii) and (iii), the mining step is the same as the partitioning (i), and the strength of the cemented filling is reduced to 1: 8 to 10.
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| CN202111134036.5A CN113847032A (en) | 2021-09-27 | 2021-09-27 | Blocking deep hole ore-breaking filling mining method for unstable ore rock inclined thick and large ore body |
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| CN202111134036.5A CN113847032A (en) | 2021-09-27 | 2021-09-27 | Blocking deep hole ore-breaking filling mining method for unstable ore rock inclined thick and large ore body |
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Citations (5)
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2011079538A1 (en) * | 2009-12-28 | 2011-07-07 | 河北邯邢矿冶设计院有限公司 | Method for stope-and-fill mining in sections |
| CN203728069U (en) * | 2014-03-11 | 2014-07-23 | 铜陵有色设计研究院 | Stope vibratory ore-drawing machine for underground ore removal system |
| CN104790949A (en) * | 2015-03-11 | 2015-07-22 | 中国矿业大学(北京) | Huge thick hard roof high gas thick coal seam roof control and gas drainage efficiency improvement method and drilling machine |
| CN106677780A (en) * | 2017-02-21 | 2017-05-17 | 中冶北方（大连）工程技术有限公司 | Upward and downward staged rock drilling, sublevel bottom cutting and ore removal subsequent backfilling mining method |
| CN111058847A (en) * | 2019-12-13 | 2020-04-24 | 中南大学 | Continuous large-aperture deep hole blasting mechanized mining method for thick and large ore body |
-
2021
- 2021-09-27 CN CN202111134036.5A patent/CN113847032A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| WO2011079538A1 (en) * | 2009-12-28 | 2011-07-07 | 河北邯邢矿冶设计院有限公司 | Method for stope-and-fill mining in sections |
| CN203728069U (en) * | 2014-03-11 | 2014-07-23 | 铜陵有色设计研究院 | Stope vibratory ore-drawing machine for underground ore removal system |
| CN104790949A (en) * | 2015-03-11 | 2015-07-22 | 中国矿业大学(北京) | Huge thick hard roof high gas thick coal seam roof control and gas drainage efficiency improvement method and drilling machine |
| CN106677780A (en) * | 2017-02-21 | 2017-05-17 | 中冶北方（大连）工程技术有限公司 | Upward and downward staged rock drilling, sublevel bottom cutting and ore removal subsequent backfilling mining method |
| CN111058847A (en) * | 2019-12-13 | 2020-04-24 | 中南大学 | Continuous large-aperture deep hole blasting mechanized mining method for thick and large ore body |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
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