CN113846602A - Dam slope surface protection construction method - Google Patents
Dam slope surface protection construction method Download PDFInfo
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- CN113846602A CN113846602A CN202111250765.7A CN202111250765A CN113846602A CN 113846602 A CN113846602 A CN 113846602A CN 202111250765 A CN202111250765 A CN 202111250765A CN 113846602 A CN113846602 A CN 113846602A
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- Prior art keywords
- slope surface
- dam
- anchor
- construction method
- surface protection
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- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 48
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 239000011268 mixed slurry Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 239000004567 concrete Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000009941 weaving Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000012216 screening Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000003628 erosive effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 7
- 238000009991 scouring Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000011378 shotcrete Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000004904 shortening Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012141 concentrate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002262 irrigation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003973 irrigation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010248 power generation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011144 upstream manufacturing Methods 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02B—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING
- E02B3/00—Engineering works in connection with control or use of streams, rivers, coasts, or other marine sites; Sealings or joints for engineering works in general
- E02B3/04—Structures or apparatus for, or methods of, protecting banks, coasts, or harbours
- E02B3/12—Revetment of banks, dams, watercourses, or the like, e.g. the sea-floor
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02B—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING
- E02B3/00—Engineering works in connection with control or use of streams, rivers, coasts, or other marine sites; Sealings or joints for engineering works in general
- E02B3/04—Structures or apparatus for, or methods of, protecting banks, coasts, or harbours
- E02B3/12—Revetment of banks, dams, watercourses, or the like, e.g. the sea-floor
- E02B3/122—Flexible prefabricated covering elements, e.g. mats, strips
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D15/00—Handling building or like materials for hydraulic engineering or foundations
- E02D15/02—Handling of bulk concrete specially for foundation or hydraulic engineering purposes
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D5/00—Bulkheads, piles, or other structural elements specially adapted to foundation engineering
- E02D5/74—Means for anchoring structural elements or bulkheads
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D2250/00—Production methods
- E02D2250/0023—Cast, i.e. in situ or in a mold or other formwork
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D2600/00—Miscellaneous
- E02D2600/30—Miscellaneous comprising anchoring details
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
- Paleontology (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Ocean & Marine Engineering (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Revetment (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides a dam slope surface protection construction method, which comprises the following steps: cleaning all sundries on the slope surface of the dam; paving a rock cushion layer on the slope surface of the dam by using grouted rubbles; drilling an anchor hole, and inserting and fixing an anchor rod into the anchor hole; laying a steel wire mesh on the surface of the rock cushion layer, and welding the steel wire mesh and the anchor rod into a whole; the cement and the sand are mixed in a dry mode to form a mud-sand flow, the mud-sand flow is mixed with water to form mixed slurry, the mixed slurry is sprayed to cover the steel wire mesh immediately, and construction is finished after the mixed slurry is condensed. By adopting the technical scheme of the invention, the rock cushion layer, the steel wire mesh, the anchor rod and other components improve the structural strength of the dam, the scouring resistance and the erosion resistance of the dam slope surface and the safety of the dam, and the dry-sprayed concrete construction process is utilized to reinforce and protect the dam slope surface, thereby simplifying the construction process, shortening the construction period and reducing the construction cost.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of hydraulic engineering, and particularly relates to a dam slope protection construction method.
Background
The dam is a water retaining structure which intercepts water flow of a river channel to raise the water level or adjust the flow. Can form a reservoir, raise the water level, regulate runoff and concentrate water head, and is used for flood control, water supply, irrigation, hydroelectric power generation, shipping improvement and the like. And can also adjust the river situation and protect river channels of the bank bed. The existing dam needs to be lower than the impact of upstream water flow for a long time after being built, and is also required to be abutted against the scouring of the descending rainwater, so that landslide is easy to occur, the safety of the downstream of the dam is influenced, in addition, when the water level rises sharply in an emergency environment event of a drainage basin, the water flow easily overflows the dam, flood leakage is caused, and unnecessary loss is caused, so that the slope surface of the dam is reinforced in order to cope with the emergency event. The existing slope support construction generally adopts anchor rods, anchor cables and concrete combined support, concrete needs to be prepared by mixing with special stirring machinery on a construction site and then poured by special concrete pouring mechanical equipment, the construction method has complex process and longer process time, multiple mechanical equipment needs to be adopted for mutual matching construction, and the construction input cost is higher, so that the construction process is simplified, the construction cost is reduced, and the construction process method needs to be perfected.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the technical problem, the invention provides a dam slope surface protection construction method.
The invention is realized by the following technical scheme.
The invention provides a dam slope surface protection construction method, which comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: cleaning all sundries on the slope surface of the dam;
step two: paving a rock cushion layer on the slope surface of the dam by using grouted rubble;
step three: providing a plurality of anchor rods, drilling a corresponding number of anchor holes in the surface of the rock cushion layer in the second step, extending one ends of the anchor rods into the anchor holes, injecting cement slurry into the anchor holes to fix the anchor holes, and extending the other ends of the anchor rods out of the rock cushion layer;
step four: a layer of steel wire mesh is paved on the surface of the rock cushion layer, and then the steel wire mesh and the anchor rod in the third step are welded into a whole;
step five: providing an injection pipe, putting a proper amount of cement and sand into a stirrer, uniformly and dryly mixing to form a mud-sand flow, then injecting the mud-sand flow into the injection pipe through a dry concrete injector, enabling the mud-sand flow to be converged with water pumped by a water pump in the injection pipe to form mixed slurry, then injecting the mixed slurry to cover the steel wire mesh, and finishing construction after the mixed slurry is condensed.
The anchor rod can be replaced by deformed steel with nominal diameter not less than phi 25 mm.
The steel wire mesh is formed by weaving steel wires with the diameter phi of 3mm to phi of 5 mm.
In the third step, the diameter of the anchor hole is not less than 1.5 times of the diameter of the anchor rod.
In the third step, the water-cement ratio of the cement paste is 1: 0.5.
in the third step, the depth of the anchor rod extending into the anchor hole is larger than the thickness of the rock cushion layer, and the difference between the depth of the anchor hole and the length of the anchor rod is not less than 15 cm-20 cm.
And screening the sand in the fifth step by adopting a screen to ensure that the particle size of the sand is less than phi 4.75 mm.
In the fifth step, the mass ratio of the cement to the sand is as follows: 1:3.2 to 1: 3.8.
The dam slope surface protection construction method further comprises the following steps: and after the fifth step is finished, carrying out watering maintenance on the coagulated mixed slurry for at least 5 days.
In the fifth step, when the mixed slurry is sprayed to cover the steel wire mesh, the flow rate of the mixed slurry is controlled to be 0.06-0.15m3Flow rate of 0.9 to 1.8 m/s.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: by adopting the technical scheme of the invention, a rock cushion layer is firstly paved on the water dam slope surface by using the grouted rubble stones, the rock cushion layer increases the structural strength of the water dam on one hand, and improves the erosion resistance and the erosion resistance of the water dam slope surface on the other hand, then the construction is carried out by adopting a dry-spraying mixed material method, the construction process is simplified, scaffolds and erecting templates are not needed during the construction, large-scale concrete stirring equipment and concrete pouring equipment are not needed, the construction process flow is simple, the construction period is short, the construction process cost is reduced, the mixed slurry is connected with the water dam body into a whole through the anchor rods, the rock cushion layer and the steel wire mesh are arranged between the mixed slurry and the water dam body, the structural strength of the water dam is enhanced, the water flow impact resistance and the rain erosion resistance of the water dam are improved, and the safety is improved.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of the present invention.
In the figure: 1-dam, 2-rock cushion layer, 3-anchor rod, 4-cement paste, 5-steel wire mesh and 6-mixed slurry.
Detailed Description
The technical solution of the present invention is further described below, but the scope of the claimed invention is not limited to the described.
As shown in fig. 1, the invention provides a dam slope surface protection construction method, which comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: cleaning all sundries on the slope surface of the dam 1;
step two: paving a layer of rock cushion layer 2 on the slope surface of the dam 1 by using grouted rubble;
step three: providing a plurality of anchor rods 3, drilling a corresponding number of anchor holes in the surface of the rock cushion layer 2 in the second step, extending one ends of the anchor rods 3 into the anchor holes, injecting cement slurry 4 into the anchor holes to fix the anchor rods, and extending the other ends of the anchor rods 3 out of the rock cushion layer 2; further, it is preferable that the anchor 3 be replaced with deformed steel having a nominal diameter of not less than Φ 25 mm. The steel wire mesh 5 is formed by weaving steel wires with the diameter phi of 3mm to phi of 5 mm. In the third step, the diameter of the anchor hole is not less than 1.5 times of the diameter of the anchor rod 3. In the third step, the water-cement ratio of the cement paste 4 is 1: 0.5. in the third step, the depth of the anchor rod 3 extending into the anchor hole is larger than the thickness of the rock cushion layer 2, and the difference between the depth of the anchor hole and the length of the anchor rod 3 is not less than 15 cm-20 cm.
Step four: a layer of steel wire mesh 5 is paved on the surface of the rock cushion layer 2, and then the steel wire mesh 5 and the anchor rod 3 in the third step are welded into a whole;
step five: providing an injection pipe, putting a proper amount of cement and sand into a stirrer, uniformly and dryly mixing to form a mud-sand flow, then injecting the mud-sand flow into the injection pipe through a dry concrete injector, enabling the mud-sand flow to be converged with water pumped by a water pump in the injection pipe to form mixed slurry 6, then injecting the mixed slurry 6 to cover a steel wire mesh 5, and finishing construction after the mixed slurry 6 is condensed. In addition, in the fifth step, the sand is screened by adopting a screen to ensure that the particle size of the sand is less than phi 4.75 mm. In the fifth step, the mass ratio of the cement to the sand is as follows: 1:3.2 to 1: 3.8.
In addition, the dam slope surface protection construction method further comprises the following steps: and after the fifth step is finished, carrying out watering maintenance on the coagulated mixed slurry 6 for at least 5 days. The strength grade of the dry-sprayed concrete after setting is not less than C20 grade. In the fifth step, when the mixed slurry 6 is sprayed to cover the steel wire mesh 5, the flow of the mixed slurry 6 is controlled to be 0.06-0.15m3Flow rate of 0.9 to 1.8 m/s.
By adopting the technical scheme of the invention, a rock cushion layer is firstly paved on the water dam slope surface by using the grouted rubble stones, the rock cushion layer increases the structural strength of the water dam on one hand, and improves the erosion resistance and the erosion resistance of the water dam slope surface on the other hand, then the construction is carried out by adopting a dry-spraying mixed material method, the construction process is simplified, scaffolds and erecting templates are not needed during the construction, large-scale concrete stirring equipment and concrete pouring equipment are not needed, the construction process flow is simple, the construction period is short, the construction process cost is reduced, the mixed slurry is connected with the water dam body into a whole through the anchor rods, the rock cushion layer and the steel wire mesh are arranged between the mixed slurry and the water dam body, the structural strength of the water dam is enhanced, the water flow impact resistance and the rain erosion resistance of the water dam are improved, and the safety is improved.
Claims (10)
1. A dam slope surface protection construction method is characterized in that: the method comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: cleaning all sundries on the slope surface of the dam (1);
step two: paving a rock cushion layer (2) on the slope surface of the dam (1) by using grouted rubble;
step three: providing a plurality of anchor rods (3), drilling anchor holes with corresponding number on the surface of the rock cushion layer (2) in the second step, extending one ends of the anchor rods (3) into the anchor holes, injecting cement slurry (4) into the anchor holes to fix the anchor rods, and extending the other ends of the anchor rods (3) out of the rock cushion layer (2);
step four: a layer of steel wire mesh (5) is paved on the surface of the rock cushion layer (2), and then the steel wire mesh (5) and the anchor rod (3) in the third step are welded into a whole;
step five: providing an injection pipe, putting a proper amount of cement and sand into a stirrer, uniformly and dryly mixing to form a mud-sand flow, then injecting the mud-sand flow into the injection pipe through a dry concrete injector, enabling the mud-sand flow to be converged with water pumped by a water pump in the injection pipe to form mixed slurry (6), then injecting the mixed slurry (6) to cover the steel wire mesh (5), and finishing construction after the mixed slurry (6) is condensed.
2. The dam slope surface protection construction method according to claim 1, characterized in that: the anchor rod (3) can be replaced by deformed steel with nominal diameter not less than phi 25 mm.
3. The dam slope surface protection construction method according to claim 1, characterized in that: the steel wire mesh (5) is formed by weaving steel wires with the diameter phi of 3mm to phi of 5 mm.
4. The dam slope surface protection construction method according to claim 1, characterized in that: in the third step, the diameter of the anchor hole is not less than 1.5 times of the diameter of the anchor rod (3).
5. The dam slope surface protection construction method according to claim 1, characterized in that: in the third step, the water-cement ratio of the cement paste (4) is 1: 0.5.
6. the dam slope surface protection construction method according to claim 1, characterized in that: in the third step, the depth of the anchor rod (3) extending into the anchor hole is larger than the thickness of the rock cushion layer (2), and the difference between the anchor hole depth and the length of the anchor rod (3) is not less than 15 cm-20 cm.
7. The dam slope surface protection construction method according to claim 1, characterized in that: and screening the sand in the fifth step by adopting a screen to ensure that the particle size of the sand is less than phi 4.75 mm.
8. The dam slope surface protection construction method according to claim 1, characterized in that: in the fifth step, the mass ratio of the cement to the sand is as follows: 1:3.2 to 1: 3.8.
9. The dam slope surface protection construction method according to claim 1, characterized in that: the dam slope surface protection construction method further comprises the following steps: and after the fifth step is finished, carrying out watering maintenance on the coagulated mixed slurry (6) for at least 5 days.
10. The dam slope surface protection construction method according to claim 1, characterized in that: in the fifth step, when the mixed slurry (6) is sprayed to cover the steel wire mesh (5), the flow rate of the mixed slurry (6) is controlled to be 0.06-0.15m3Flow rate of 0.9 to 1.8 m/s.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202111250765.7A CN113846602A (en) | 2021-10-26 | 2021-10-26 | Dam slope surface protection construction method |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202111250765.7A CN113846602A (en) | 2021-10-26 | 2021-10-26 | Dam slope surface protection construction method |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN113846602A true CN113846602A (en) | 2021-12-28 |
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Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202111250765.7A Pending CN113846602A (en) | 2021-10-26 | 2021-10-26 | Dam slope surface protection construction method |
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| CN (1) | CN113846602A (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN115652857A (en) * | 2022-10-24 | 2023-01-31 | 清远市金德盛建设工程有限公司 | Dam seepage-proofing construction method |
Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH0978555A (en) * | 1995-09-18 | 1997-03-25 | Maeda Corp | Steep slope face protection method for pond |
| CN103774614A (en) * | 2012-10-24 | 2014-05-07 | 陕西龙海工程建设有限公司 | Dry stone pitching method |
| CN210031903U (en) * | 2019-05-14 | 2020-02-07 | 浙江春天建设有限公司 | Retaining wall structure based on mortar rubble |
-
2021
- 2021-10-26 CN CN202111250765.7A patent/CN113846602A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH0978555A (en) * | 1995-09-18 | 1997-03-25 | Maeda Corp | Steep slope face protection method for pond |
| CN103774614A (en) * | 2012-10-24 | 2014-05-07 | 陕西龙海工程建设有限公司 | Dry stone pitching method |
| CN210031903U (en) * | 2019-05-14 | 2020-02-07 | 浙江春天建设有限公司 | Retaining wall structure based on mortar rubble |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
|---|
| 王建: "山岭区公路不良地质灾害及防护处理措施", 《道路工程》 * |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN115652857A (en) * | 2022-10-24 | 2023-01-31 | 清远市金德盛建设工程有限公司 | Dam seepage-proofing construction method |
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Application publication date: 20211228 |