CN113844334B - Vehicle, energy conversion device, and control method therefor - Google Patents

Vehicle, energy conversion device, and control method therefor Download PDF

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Publication number
CN113844334B
CN113844334B CN202010598383.2A CN202010598383A CN113844334B CN 113844334 B CN113844334 B CN 113844334B CN 202010598383 A CN202010598383 A CN 202010598383A CN 113844334 B CN113844334 B CN 113844334B
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China
Prior art keywords
bridge arm
phase
battery
working
bridge
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CN113844334A (en
Inventor
凌和平
闫磊
姜龙
丘国维
王超
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BYD Co Ltd
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BYD Co Ltd
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L58/00—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles
    • B60L58/10—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries
    • B60L58/24—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries for controlling the temperature of batteries
    • B60L58/27—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries for controlling the temperature of batteries by heating
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L53/00—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles
    • B60L53/20—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles characterised by converters located in the vehicle
    • B60L53/22—Constructional details or arrangements of charging converters specially adapted for charging electric vehicles
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L53/00—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles
    • B60L53/20—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles characterised by converters located in the vehicle
    • B60L53/24—Using the vehicle's propulsion converter for charging
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
    • H01M10/61—Types of temperature control
    • H01M10/615—Heating or keeping warm
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
    • H01M10/62—Heating or cooling; Temperature control specially adapted for specific applications
    • H01M10/625—Vehicles
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
    • H01M10/63—Control systems
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/70—Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/7072—Electromobility specific charging systems or methods for batteries, ultracapacitors, supercapacitors or double-layer capacitors
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T90/00—Enabling technologies or technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02T90/10—Technologies relating to charging of electric vehicles
    • Y02T90/14—Plug-in electric vehicles

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Transportation (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • Sustainable Energy (AREA)
  • Automation & Control Theory (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Inverter Devices (AREA)

Abstract

The technical scheme of the application provides a vehicle, an energy conversion device and a control method thereof, wherein the energy conversion device comprises a bridge arm converter, a motor winding and an energy storage element, and the bridge arm converter, the motor winding and the energy storage element are connected with a battery to form a battery heating circuit; the control method comprises the following steps: acquiring a vehicle state; when the vehicle state is in the heating mode, at least one phase of bridge arm in the bridge arm converter is controlled to charge and discharge the battery and the energy storage element, so that self-heating of the battery is realized, the utilization rate of devices in a circuit and the heating speed of the battery are improved, at least one phase of bridge arm in the bridge arm converter is controlled to work, the bridge arm in the bridge arm converter is controlled in a plurality of modes, and the loss of the bridge arm converter is reduced.

Description

Vehicle, energy conversion device, and control method therefor
Technical Field
The application relates to the technical field of vehicles, in particular to a vehicle, an energy conversion device and a control method thereof.
Background
With the widespread use of new energy, batteries can be applied in various fields as a power source. The battery is used as a power source in different environments, and the performance of the battery is also affected. For example, the performance of a battery in a low-temperature environment is considerably degraded from that of a battery in a normal temperature environment. For example, the discharge capacity of a battery at zero temperature may decrease with a decrease in temperature. At-30 ℃, the discharge capacity of the battery is substantially 0, resulting in the battery being unusable. In order to be able to use the battery in a low temperature environment, it is necessary to preheat the battery before using the battery.
As shown in fig. 1, in the prior art, the bridge arm converter 101, the motor winding 102 and the battery 103 are included, when the battery 103 is in a discharging process, the transistors VT1, VT2 and VT6 in the bridge arm converter 101 are triggered to be simultaneously turned on, current flows out from the positive electrode of the battery 103, passes through three stator inductances of the transistors VT1, VT2 and VT6 and the motor winding 102, returns to the negative electrode of the battery 103, the current rises, and energy is stored in the two stator inductances; when the battery 103 is in the charging process, as shown in fig. 2, the transistors VT1, VT2 and VT6 are simultaneously turned off, and the current returns to the battery 102 from the three stator inductances of the motor winding 102 and the bridge arm converter 101 through the three bleeder diodes VD4, VD5 and VD3, and the current drops. The two processes are repeated, the battery is in a rapid charge and discharge alternating state, and the internal resistance of the battery causes a large amount of internal heat to be generated, so that the temperature is rapidly increased. However, the prior art has the following problems: because of the bus capacitor C1, a large amount of current passes through the bus capacitor C1 when the battery 103 discharges during the operation of the charge-discharge loop, so that the current flowing through the battery is greatly reduced, the utilization rate of devices in the circuit is low, the heating speed of the battery is also seriously slowed down, and in addition, the control mode of each phase of bridge arm in the bridge arm converter in the prior art is single, so that the loss of the bridge arm converter is larger.
Disclosure of Invention
The application aims to provide a vehicle, an energy conversion device and a control method thereof, which can enable a bridge arm converter, a motor winding and an energy storage element to be connected with a battery to form a battery heating circuit, improve the utilization rate of devices in the circuit and the heating speed of the battery, simultaneously control a bridge arm in the bridge arm converter in a plurality of modes, and reduce the loss of the bridge arm converter.
The present application has been achieved in such a way that a first aspect of the present application provides a control method of an energy conversion device including:
the bridge arm converter, the motor winding and the energy storage element are connected with a battery to form a battery heating circuit;
The method comprises the following steps:
Acquiring a vehicle state;
and when the vehicle state is in a heating mode, controlling at least one phase of bridge arm in the bridge arm converter to charge and discharge the battery and the energy storage element so as to realize self-heating of the battery.
A second aspect of the present invention provides an energy conversion device comprising:
the bridge arm converter, the motor winding and the energy storage element are connected with a battery to form a battery heating circuit;
the energy conversion device further comprises a control module for:
Acquiring a vehicle state;
and when the vehicle state is in a heating mode, controlling at least one phase of bridge arm in the bridge arm converter to charge and discharge the battery and the energy storage element so as to realize self-heating of the battery.
A third aspect of the application provides a vehicle comprising the energy conversion device of the second aspect.
The technical scheme of the application provides a vehicle, an energy conversion device and a control method thereof, wherein the energy conversion device comprises a bridge arm converter, a motor winding and an energy storage element, when the vehicle is in a heating mode, at least one phase of bridge arm in the bridge arm converter is controlled to charge and discharge a battery and the energy storage element so as to realize heating of the battery, the discharging process of the battery to the energy storage element and the charging process of the energy storage element are alternately carried out by controlling the bridge arm converter so as to realize heating of the battery, a bus capacitor participates in the charging and discharging process, the problem that a large amount of current passes through the bus capacitor when the battery discharges, the current flowing through the battery is greatly reduced, the heating speed of the battery is seriously slowed down is solved, the utilization rate of devices in a circuit and the heating speed of the battery are improved, at least one phase of bridge arm in the bridge arm converter is controlled to work, the bridge arm in the bridge arm converter is controlled in a plurality of modes, and the loss of the converter is reduced.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application, the drawings that are needed in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly described below, it being obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present application, and that other drawings may be obtained according to these drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.
FIG. 1 is a current flow diagram of a motor control circuit provided in the prior art;
FIG. 2 is another current flow diagram of a motor control circuit provided by the prior art;
fig. 3 is a circuit diagram of an energy conversion device according to a first embodiment of the present application;
fig. 4 is a specific circuit diagram of an energy conversion device according to a first embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 5 is another circuit diagram of an energy conversion device according to a first embodiment of the present application;
fig. 6 is a flowchart of a control method of an energy conversion device according to a first embodiment of the present application;
Fig. 7 is a circuit diagram of an energy conversion device according to a first embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 8 is a current flow diagram of an energy conversion device according to an embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 9 is a current flow diagram of an energy conversion device according to an embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 10 is a current flow diagram of an energy conversion device according to an embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 11 is a current flow diagram of an energy conversion device according to an embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 12 is a current flow diagram of an energy conversion device according to an embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 13 is a current flow diagram of an energy conversion device according to an embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 14 is a current flow diagram of an energy conversion device according to an embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 15 is a current flow diagram of an energy conversion device according to an embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 16 is a current flow diagram of an energy conversion device according to an embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 17 is a current flow diagram of an energy conversion device according to an embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 18 is a current flow diagram of an energy conversion device according to an embodiment of the present application;
Fig. 19 is a current flow chart of an energy conversion device according to an embodiment of the present application.
Detailed Description
The present application will be described in further detail with reference to the drawings and examples, in order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present application more apparent. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are for purposes of illustration only and are not intended to limit the scope of the application.
In order to illustrate the technical scheme of the application, the following description is made by specific examples.
An embodiment of the present application provides an energy conversion device, including: the bridge arm converter, the motor winding and the energy storage element are connected with the battery to form a battery heating circuit.
As a first embodiment of the connection relationship among the bridge arm inverter, the motor winding, and the energy storage element, as shown in fig. 3, the energy conversion device includes:
the first ends of all the bridge arms of the bridge arm converter 101 are commonly connected to form a first bus end, and the second ends of all the bridge arms of the bridge arm converter 101 are commonly connected to form a second bus end;
The energy storage device comprises an energy storage element C1, wherein a first end of the energy storage element C1 is connected with a first converging end, and a second end of the energy storage element C1 is connected with a second converging end;
The first ends of the motor windings 102 are respectively connected with the midpoints of the bridge arms of the bridge arm converter 101, the second ends of the motor windings 102 are commonly connected to the positive electrode of the battery 103, and the negative electrode of the battery 103 is connected with the first converging end;
The bridge arm converter 101 includes M bridge arms, a first end of each of the M bridge arms is commonly connected to form a first bus end of the bridge arm converter 101, a second end of each of the M bridge arms is commonly connected to form a second bus end of the bridge arm converter 101, each bridge arm includes two power switch units connected in series, the power switch units may be of a transistor, an IGBT, a MOS transistor and other device types, a midpoint of each bridge arm is formed between the two power switch units, the motor includes M phase windings, a first end of each phase winding in the M phase windings is connected with a midpoint of each bridge arm in a group of M bridge arms in a one-to-one correspondence manner, a second end of each phase winding in the M phase windings is commonly connected to form a neutral point, and the neutral point is connected with a positive electrode of the battery 103.
When m=3, the bridge arm converter 101 is a three-phase inverter, the three-phase inverter includes three bridge arms, the first ends of each of the three bridge arms are commonly connected to form a first bus end of the bridge arm converter 101, and the second ends of each of the three bridge arms in a group of three bridge arms are commonly connected to form a second bus end of the bridge arm converter 101; the three-phase inverter comprises a first power switch unit, a second power switch unit, a third power switch unit, a fourth power switch unit, a fifth power switch and a sixth power switch, wherein the first power switch unit and the fourth power switch unit form a first path bridge arm, the second power switch unit and the fifth switch unit form a second path bridge arm, the third power switch unit and the sixth switch unit form a third path bridge arm, one ends of the first power switch unit, the third power switch unit and the fifth power switch unit are commonly connected and form a first converging end of the three-phase inverter, and one ends of the second power switch unit, the fourth power switch unit and the sixth power switch unit are commonly connected and form a second converging end of the three-phase inverter.
The motor winding 102 includes three-phase windings, a first end of each phase winding in the three-phase windings is connected with a midpoint of each path of bridge arm in the three-path bridge arm in a one-to-one correspondence manner, a second end of each phase winding in the three-phase windings is commonly connected to form a neutral point, a first end of a first phase winding of the motor winding 102 is connected with the midpoint of the first path of bridge arm, a first end of a second phase winding of the motor winding 102 is connected with the midpoint of the second path of bridge arm, and a first end of a third phase winding of the motor winding 102 is connected with the midpoint of the third path of bridge arm.
The first power switch unit in the three-phase inverter comprises a first upper bridge arm VT1 and a first upper bridge diode VD1, the second power switch unit comprises a second lower bridge arm VT2 and a second lower bridge diode VD2, the third power switch unit comprises a third upper bridge arm VT3 and a third upper bridge diode VD3, the fourth power switch unit comprises a fourth lower bridge arm VT4 and a fourth lower bridge diode VD4, the fifth power switch unit comprises a fifth upper bridge arm VT5 and a fifth upper bridge diode VD5, the sixth power switch unit comprises a sixth lower bridge arm VT6 and a sixth lower bridge diode VD6, the motor is a three-phase four-wire system, which can be a permanent magnet synchronous motor or an asynchronous motor, and the three-phase winding is connected at one point and is connected with the positive electrode of the battery 103.
In another embodiment, as shown in fig. 4, the energy conversion device further comprises a first switch module 104 and a second switch module 105. A first end of the first switch module 104 is connected with a first end connected with the energy storage element C1, and a second end of the first switch module 104 is connected with a positive electrode of the battery 103; the second switch module 105 is connected between the neutral point of the motor winding 102 and the positive or negative electrode of the battery 103.
The first switch module 104 is configured to implement on/off between the battery 103 and the energy storage element C1 according to a control signal, so that the battery 103 charges the energy storage element C1 or stops charging; the second switch module 105 is configured to switch on or off between the motor winding 102 and the battery 103 according to a control signal, so that the battery 103 outputs electric energy to the motor winding 102 or stops outputting electric energy.
In this embodiment, the bridge arm converter 101 in the battery heating circuit, the three-phase inverter in the motor driving circuit of the vehicle and the motor can be multiplexed to the motor winding 102, and the energy storage module multiplexes the bus capacitance of the motor driving circuit, and uses the same module with different functions. Through the arrangement of the first switch module 104 and the second switch module 105, components are multiplexed to realize multiple functions switching, the utilization rate of the bridge arm converter 101 and the motor winding 102 is increased, and the cost is saved.
When the first switch module 104 is turned on and the second switch module 105 is turned off, the battery 103, the first switch module 104, the bridge arm converter 101, the energy storage element C1, and the motor winding 102 form a motor driving circuit, and at this time, the bridge arm converter 101 is controlled to output power of the motor.
When the first switch module 104 is turned off and the second switch module 105 is turned on, the battery 103, the second switch module 105, the motor winding 102, the bridge arm converter 101, and the energy storage element C1 form a battery heating circuit, and at this time, the bridge arm converter 101 is controlled to charge and discharge the battery 101 and the energy storage element C1 to heat the battery.
The battery heating circuit comprises a discharging loop and a charging loop, wherein the discharging loop is used for discharging the energy storage element C1 through the motor winding 102 and the bridge arm converter 101 by the battery 103, at the moment, current flows out of the battery 103, and flows into the energy storage element C1 through the motor winding 102 and the bridge arm converter 101 to charge the energy storage element C1; the charging circuit is to charge the battery 103 by the energy storage element C1 through the motor and the bridge arm converter 101, at this time, the current flows out from the energy storage element C1, the current flows into the battery 103 through the bridge arm converter 101 and the motor winding 102, and due to the internal resistance in the battery 103, when the discharging circuit and the charging circuit work, the internal resistance of the battery 103 generates heat due to the current flowing in and flowing out of the battery 103, and the temperature of the battery 103 is further increased.
When the first switch module 104 is turned off and the second switch module 105 is turned on, fig. 4 may be equivalent to fig. 3, where the first bus end of the bridge arm converter 101 is connected to the first end of the energy storage element C1, the second bus end of the bridge arm converter 101 is connected to the second end of the energy storage element C1, the first end of the motor winding 102 is connected to the bridge arm converter 101, the second end of the motor winding 102 is connected to the first end of the battery 101, and the second end of the battery 103 is connected to the second bus end of the bridge arm converter 101, so as to form a battery heating circuit.
When the battery heating circuit works, the battery 103, the motor winding 102 and the bridge arm converter 101 form a discharge energy storage loop, and the battery 103, the motor winding 102, the bridge arm converter 101 and the energy storage element C1 form a discharge energy release loop; the energy storage element C1, the bridge arm converter 101, the motor winding 102 and the battery 103 form a charging energy storage loop, and the motor winding 102, the battery 103 and the bridge arm converter 101 form a charging energy release loop.
The discharging loop comprises a discharging energy storage loop and a discharging energy release loop, the charging loop comprises a charging energy storage loop and a charging energy release loop, when the discharging energy storage loop is controlled to work through the bridge arm converter 101, the battery 103 outputs electric energy to enable the winding of the motor to store energy; when the discharging energy release loop is controlled to work through the bridge arm converter 101, the battery 103 discharges and the winding of the motor releases energy to charge the energy storage element C1; when the bridge arm converter 101 is used for controlling the charging energy storage loop to work, the energy storage element C1 discharges to charge the battery 103, and the windings of the motor winding 102 store energy; when the charging and energy releasing loop is controlled to work through the bridge arm converter 101, the winding of the motor winding 102 releases energy to charge the battery 103. The discharging process of the battery 103 to the energy storage element C1 and the charging process of the battery 103 by the energy storage element C1 are alternately performed by controlling the bridge arm converter 101, so that the temperature of the battery 103 is increased; in addition, the current value flowing through the battery heating circuit is adjusted by controlling the duty ratio of the PWM control signal of the bridge arm converter 101, which is equivalent to controlling the on time of the upper bridge arm and the lower bridge arm, and the current in the battery heating circuit is increased or decreased by controlling the on time of the upper bridge arm or the lower bridge arm to be longer or shorter, so that the heating power generated by the battery 103 can be adjusted.
In the process of controlling the operation of the discharging circuit and the charging circuit, the discharging energy storage circuit, the discharging energy release circuit, the charging energy storage circuit and the charging energy release circuit in the discharging circuit can be controlled to operate sequentially, the current value flowing through the battery heating circuit can be adjusted by controlling the duty ratio of the PWM control signal of the bridge arm converter 101, the discharging energy storage circuit and the discharging energy release circuit in the discharging circuit can be controlled to be alternately conducted for discharging, the charging energy storage circuit and the charging energy release circuit in the charging circuit can be controlled to be alternately conducted for discharging, and the current value flowing through the discharging circuit and the charging circuit can be respectively adjusted by controlling the duty ratio of the PWM control signal of the bridge arm converter 101.
In the present embodiment, the bridge arm converter 101 is controlled to operate the battery heating circuit, the battery 103 in the discharging circuit is caused to discharge the energy storage element C1, the energy storage element C1 in the charging circuit is caused to charge the battery 103, and the temperature of the battery 103 is further increased, and the bridge arm converter 101 is controlled to adjust the current in the self-heating circuit of the battery 103, so that the heating power generated by the battery 103 can be adjusted.
As a second embodiment of the connection relationship among the bridge arm converter 101, the motor winding 102, and the energy storage element, as shown in fig. 5, a first bus terminal of the bridge arm converter 101 is connected to the positive electrode of the battery 103, and a second bus terminal of the bridge arm converter 101 is connected to the negative electrode of the battery 103; a first end of the motor winding 102 is connected with the bridge arm converter 101, a second end of the motor winding 102 is connected with a first end of the energy storage element C2, and a second end of the energy storage element C2 is connected with a second converging end of the bridge arm converter 101 to form a battery heating circuit.
The difference between the present embodiment and the above embodiment is that the connection manner between the modules is different, and the specific structure of each module is the same, which can be referred to the above embodiment and will not be described herein again.
For the battery heating circuit, the battery heating circuit comprises a discharging loop and a charging loop, wherein the discharging loop is used for discharging the energy storage element C2 through the bridge arm converter 101 and the motor winding 102 by the battery 103, at the moment, current flows out of the battery 103, and flows into the energy storage element C2 through the bridge arm converter 101 and the motor winding 102 to charge the energy storage element C2; the charging circuit is to charge the battery 103 by the energy storage element C2 through the motor winding 102 and the bridge arm converter 101, at this time, the current flows out from the energy storage element C2, the current flows into the battery 103 through the motor winding 102 and the bridge arm converter 101, and due to the internal resistance in the battery 103, when the discharging circuit and the charging circuit work, the internal resistance of the battery is generated by the current flowing in and out of the battery 103, and the temperature of the battery 103 is further raised.
As shown in fig. 6, the control method includes:
And S10, acquiring a vehicle state.
The vehicle state can refer to that the vehicle is in a heating mode, and when the vehicle is in the heating mode, a battery heating circuit formed by connecting the bridge arm converter, the motor winding and the energy storage element with a battery is in a working state; the vehicle state can mean that the vehicle is in a driving mode, and when the vehicle is in the driving mode, a motor driving circuit formed by the bridge arm converter, the motor winding and the battery is in a working state, so that the motor winding can output driving force.
And S20, when the vehicle state is in a heating mode, controlling at least one phase of bridge arm in the bridge arm converter to charge and discharge the battery and the energy storage element so as to realize self-heating of the battery.
When the vehicle state is in the heating mode, at least one phase of bridge arm in the bridge arm converter 101 is controlled to charge and discharge the energy storage element C1 and the battery 103, so that the internal resistance of the battery 103 generates heat. In the process of controlling the battery heating circuit to heat, different numbers of bridge arms in the bridge arm converter 101 can be controlled to switch to work so as to realize various control modes of the bridge arm converter 101, for example, when the bridge arm converter 101 comprises three-phase bridge arms, one-phase bridge arm, two-phase bridge arm or three-phase bridge arm of the bridge arm converter 101 can be controlled to conduct work so as to heat the battery heating circuit, when the one-phase bridge arm or two-phase bridge arm in the bridge arm converter 101 is controlled to work, a switching condition can be set, when the one-phase bridge arm in the bridge arm converter 101 works, the other-phase bridge arm or the other-phase bridge arm works, when the two-phase bridge arm in the bridge arm converter 101 works, the switching condition can be that a preset working period or a parameter of the bridge arm converter meets a certain preset condition.
The first embodiment of the application provides an energy conversion device, which comprises a bridge arm converter, a motor winding and an energy storage element, wherein when a vehicle is in a heating mode, at least one phase of bridge arm in the bridge arm converter is controlled to charge and discharge a battery and the energy storage element so as to realize heating of the battery, the discharging process of the battery to the energy storage element and the charging process of the energy storage element to the battery are alternately performed by controlling the bridge arm converter so as to realize heating of the battery, a bus capacitor participates in the charging and discharging process, the problem that a large amount of current passes through the bus capacitor when the battery is discharged, the current flowing through the battery is greatly reduced, and the heating speed of the battery is seriously slowed down is solved, the utilization rate of devices in a circuit and the heating speed of the battery are improved, at least one phase of bridge arm in the bridge arm converter is controlled to work, the bridge arm in the bridge arm converter is controlled in a plurality of modes, and the loss of the bridge arm converter is reduced.
For the bridge arm converter, the bridge arm converter comprises N-phase bridge arms, the motor windings comprise N-phase windings, and the N-phase bridge arms are connected with the N-phase windings in a one-to-one correspondence manner.
At least one phase of bridge arm in the bridge arm converter is controlled in step S20 to charge and discharge the battery and the energy storage element, including:
and controlling at least one phase of bridge arm in the N phases of bridge arms to be sequentially switched, so that the battery and the energy storage element are charged and discharged.
The control of the sequential switching of at least one phase of the N-phase bridge arms is to sequentially send PWM control signals to at least one phase of the bridge arms in the bridge arm converter, so that the bridge arms in the N-phase bridge arms sequentially work, and further the battery heating circuit is in a working state, and the energy storage element and the battery are charged and discharged, so that the internal resistance of the battery generates heat.
As an embodiment, controlling at least one phase arm of the N phase arms to switch sequentially includes:
and controlling each phase of bridge arms in the N phases of bridge arms to work sequentially until all the bridge arms finish working, and starting the next cycle.
Wherein, controlling each phase of the N-phase bridge arms to work sequentially means that one phase of the N-phase bridge arms works in turn until all the bridge arms work once, and starting the next cycle means that after all the bridge arms complete work, each phase of the bridge arms are controlled to restart work, the order of the single-phase bridge arms in the new cycle can be the same as or different from the order of the single-phase bridge arms in the previous cycle, and the working time of each phase of the bridge arms can be a preset working period or can be switched according to the conditions satisfied by the device.
The specific implementation mode for controlling each phase of bridge arm in the bridge arm converter to work sequentially comprises the following implementation modes:
in a first embodiment, controlling each of the N-phase bridge arms to work sequentially until all the bridge arms complete the work, and starting a next cycle, including:
After the working preset working period of the first phase bridge arm in the bridge arm converter is controlled, the working preset working period of the second phase bridge arm is switched until the working preset working period of the N-th phase bridge arm is switched, and the first phase bridge arm is circulated to restart working.
The working period is a switching period of a switching tube in the bridge arm converter, one phase of bridge arm comprises an upper bridge arm and a lower bridge arm, the conduction time of the upper bridge arm and the conduction time of the lower bridge arm form one switching period, the preset working period is a plurality of switching periods set by a user, when one phase of bridge arm works for a preset working period, the switching is carried out to the other phase of bridge arm, and the other cycle is started until each phase of bridge arm in the N phases of bridge arms finishes working.
The technical effects of the present embodiment are as follows: by controlling one of the N-phase bridge arms to work for a preset working period and then switching to the other phase bridge arm until each phase bridge arm finishes working, the phenomenon of demagnetization caused by excessive loss due to the fact that the bridge arm in the bridge arm converter always works is avoided, and meanwhile, the utilization rate of the bridge arm converter and the winding is increased.
In a second embodiment, each of the N-phase bridge arms is controlled to work sequentially until all the bridge arms complete the work, and then a next cycle is started, including:
And controlling the first-phase bridge arm in the bridge arm converter to work, switching to the second-phase bridge arm to work in the next working period and detecting the parameters of the second-phase bridge arm when the parameters of the first-phase bridge arm are detected to meet the preset conditions in the current working period, and circulating to the first-phase bridge arm to restart working until switching to the N-th-phase bridge arm to work and after the parameters of the N-th-phase bridge arm meet the preset conditions.
The parameter of the first phase bridge arm may be the temperature of the phase bridge arm or the current flowing through the phase bridge arm, when the parameter of the first phase bridge arm is detected to meet the preset condition, that is, the temperature of the phase bridge arm reaches the normal temperature upper limit, or the current flowing through the phase bridge arm reaches the overcurrent protection point of the bridge arm in the bridge arm converter, the first phase bridge arm in the bridge arm converter is controlled to work, when the temperature of the first phase bridge arm is detected to reach the normal temperature upper limit, or the current flowing through the first phase bridge arm reaches the overcurrent protection point of the bridge arm in the bridge arm converter, the operation is switched to the second phase bridge arm in the next working period, and then the temperature of the first phase bridge arm or the current flowing through the second phase bridge arm is detected until the operation is switched to the nth phase bridge arm.
The technical effects of the present embodiment are as follows: and controlling one of the N-phase bridge arms to work, and switching to the other phase bridge arm in the next working period when the temperature of the phase bridge arm reaches the upper limit of the normal temperature or the current flowing through the phase bridge arm reaches the overcurrent protection point of the bridge arm in the bridge arm converter until each phase bridge arm finishes working, so that the phenomenon of demagnetization caused by excessive loss due to the continuous working of the bridge arm in the bridge arm converter is avoided, and meanwhile, the utilization rate of the bridge arm converter and the winding is increased.
In a third embodiment, each of the N-phase bridge arms is controlled to work sequentially until all the bridge arms complete the work, and then a next cycle is started, including:
And controlling the first-phase bridge arm in the bridge arm converter to work, switching to the second-phase bridge arm to work and detecting the parameters of the second-phase bridge arm when the parameters of the first-phase bridge arm meet the preset conditions are detected, and circulating to the first-phase bridge arm to restart working until switching to the N-th-phase bridge arm to work and after the parameters of the N-th-phase bridge arm meet the preset conditions.
The present embodiment differs from the second embodiment in that: when the parameters of the first phase bridge arm are detected to meet the preset conditions, namely the temperature of the first phase bridge arm reaches the upper limit of the normal temperature, or the current flowing through the first phase bridge arm reaches the overcurrent protection point of the bridge arm in the bridge arm converter, the first phase bridge arm is switched to the second phase bridge arm to work without waiting for the completion of the current working period until each phase bridge arm completes the work.
The technical effects of the present embodiment are as follows: when abnormality of the currently working bridge arm is detected in the working process of each phase of bridge arm of the bridge arm converter, the bridge arm is switched to the working of the other phase of bridge arm, the phenomenon that the bridge arm is damaged is avoided, the phenomenon that the bridge arm in the bridge arm converter always works to cause excessive loss to cause demagnetization is avoided, and meanwhile the utilization rate of the bridge arm converter and windings is increased.
As an embodiment, controlling the switching of at least one phase arm of the N-phase arms in sequence further includes:
and controlling each two phase bridge arm of the N phase bridge arms to work sequentially.
The control of each two-phase bridge arm in the N-phase bridge arm sequentially switching refers to making each two-phase bridge arm in the N-phase bridge arm work in turn until all bridge arms work once, and the starting of the next cycle refers to controlling the two-phase bridge arm to restart working after all bridge arms complete working, wherein the working sequence of the two-phase bridge arm in the new cycle can be the same as or different from the working sequence of the single-phase bridge arm in the previous cycle, and the working time of the two-phase bridge arm can be a preset working period or can be switched according to the condition met by the device.
Further, each two-phase bridge arm of the N-phase bridge arms forms a pair of bridge arm working groups, wherein the N-phase bridge arms compriseFor the bridge arm working group, controlling the two-phase bridge arms in the N-phase bridge arms to be sequentially switched comprises the following steps:
Control of And sequentially working each pair of bridge arm working groups in the bridge arm working groups until all bridge arms finish working, and starting the next cycle.
Wherein the N-phase bridge arm is divided intoFor the bridge arm working group, the/>, in the N-phase bridge arm is controlledThe bridge arm working groups are sequentially switched until all bridge arms work once, and after all the bridge arms complete the work, the control is performedAnd restarting the work of the bridge arm work group.
The specific implementation mode for controlling each two-phase bridge arm in the bridge arm converter to work sequentially comprises the following implementation modes:
first embodiment, control Sequentially working each pair of bridge arm working groups in the bridge arm working groups until all bridge arms finish working, starting the next cycle, including:
After the working preset working period of the first pair of bridge arm working groups in the bridge arm converter is controlled, the working preset working period of the second pair of bridge arm working groups is switched until the first pair of bridge arm working groups is switched to the first pair of bridge arm working groups After the bridge arm working groups are operated for a preset period, the operation is circulated to the first pair of bridge arm working groups to restart.
The working period is a switching period of a switching tube in the bridge arm converter, one phase of bridge arm comprises an upper bridge arm and a lower bridge arm, the conduction time of the upper bridge arm and the conduction time of the lower bridge arm form one switching period, the preset working period is a plurality of switching periods set by a user, and when one pair of bridge arm working groups work for the preset working period, the switching is performed to the other pair of bridge arm working groups until the other pair of bridge arm working groups workAnd starting another cycle after finishing working for each pair of bridge arm working groups.
The technical effects of the present embodiment are as follows: by controllingAnd switching to the other pair of bridge arm working groups after the preset working period of the work of one pair of bridge arm working groups is finished until each pair of bridge arm working groups is finished, so that the phenomenon of demagnetization caused by excessive loss due to the continuous work of the bridge arm in the bridge arm converter is avoided, and meanwhile, the utilization rate of the bridge arm converter and the winding is increased.
Second embodiment, controlSequentially working each pair of bridge arm working groups in the bridge arm working groups until all bridge arms finish working, starting the next cycle, including:
Controlling the first pair of bridge arm working groups in the bridge arm converter to work, switching to the second pair of bridge arm working groups in the next working period and detecting the parameters of the second pair of bridge arm working groups until switching to the first working period when detecting that the parameters of the first pair of bridge arm working groups meet preset conditions in the current working period Work on the bridge arm work group and at the/>After the parameters of the bridge arm working groups meet the preset conditions, the first pair of bridge arm working groups are circulated to restart working.
The parameters of the first pair of bridge arm working groups can be temperatures of two-phase bridge arms or currents flowing through each phase bridge arm, when the parameters of the first pair of bridge arm working groups are detected to meet preset conditions, the temperature of any one phase bridge arm in the pair of bridge arm working groups reaches the upper limit of normal temperature, or the currents flowing through any one phase bridge arm in the pair of bridge arm working groups reach the overcurrent protection point of a bridge arm in a bridge arm converter, the first pair of bridge arm working groups in the bridge arm converter are controlled to work, when the temperatures of any one phase bridge arm in the first pair of bridge arm working groups are detected to reach the upper limit of normal temperature, or the currents flowing through any one phase bridge arm in the second pair of bridge arm working groups are detected, and the first pair of bridge arm working groups are switched to the N pairs of bridge arm working groups until the currents flowing through any one phase bridge arm in the second pair of bridge arm working groups reach the upper limit of normal temperature.
The technical effects of the present embodiment are as follows: control ofWhen the temperature of any one phase of bridge arm in the pair of bridge arm working groups reaches the upper limit of normal temperature or the current flowing through any one phase of bridge arm in the pair of bridge arm working groups reaches the overcurrent protection point of the bridge arm in the bridge arm converter, the bridge arm working groups are switched to the other pair of bridge arm working groups in the next working period until each pair of bridge arm working groups completes working, the phenomenon of demagnetization caused by excessive loss due to the fact that the bridge arm in the bridge arm converter always works is avoided, and meanwhile the utilization ratio of the bridge arm converter and the winding is increased.
Third embodiment, controlSequentially working each pair of bridge arm working groups in the bridge arm working groups until all bridge arms finish working, starting the next cycle, including:
Controlling the first pair of bridge arm working groups in the bridge arm converter to work, switching to the second pair of bridge arm working groups to work and detecting the parameters of the second pair of bridge arm working groups until the first pair of bridge arm working groups are switched to when the parameters of the first pair of bridge arm working groups are detected to meet the preset conditions Work on the bridge arm work group and at the/>After the parameters of the bridge arm working groups meet the preset conditions, the first pair of bridge arm working groups are circulated to restart working.
The present embodiment differs from the second embodiment in that: when the parameters of a certain phase of bridge arm are detected to meet the preset conditions, namely the temperature of any phase of bridge arm in the pair of bridge arm working groups reaches the upper limit of the normal temperature, or the current flowing through any phase of bridge arm in the pair of bridge arm working groups reaches the overcurrent protection point of the bridge arm in the bridge arm converter, the bridge arm working groups are switched to work without waiting for the completion of the current working period until each pair of bridge arm working groups complete the work.
The technical effects of the present embodiment are as follows: when the abnormality of the currently operated bridge arm is detected in the working process of each pair of bridge arm working groups of the bridge arm converter, the bridge arm converter is switched to the other pair of bridge arm working groups to work, the phenomenon that the bridge arm is damaged due to the fact that the bridge arm is still in a working state when the abnormality occurs is avoided, the phenomenon that the bridge arm in the bridge arm converter is demagnetized due to excessive loss caused by the fact that the bridge arm always works is avoided, and meanwhile the utilization ratio of the bridge arm converter and the winding is increased.
As an implementation manner, when n=3, the bridge arm converter includes a first-phase bridge arm, a second-phase bridge arm, and a third-phase bridge arm, where the first-phase bridge arm and the second-phase bridge arm form a bridge arm working group;
Controlling at least one phase bridge arm in the bridge arm converter to charge and discharge the battery and the second capacitor, including:
and controlling the bridge arm working group and the third phase bridge arm to alternately work, so that the battery and the second capacitor are charged and discharged.
Compared with the above embodiments, the present embodiment is different in that the number of switching legs is changed, and a two-phase-one-phase switching round-robin manner is adopted, so that the switching is performed from two-phase legs to one-phase legs and then to two-phase legs, and the working time of each group of legs can be a preset working period or can be switched according to the condition satisfied by the device.
Further, controlling the bridge arm working group and the third phase bridge arm to work alternately includes:
And controlling the bridge arm working group to work, switching to the third-phase bridge arm work in the next working period when detecting that the temperature of at least one phase of bridge arm in the bridge arm working group reaches the preset temperature, and switching to the bridge arm working group again when detecting that the temperatures of the first-phase bridge arm and the second-phase bridge arm are recovered to the normal temperature interval range.
The technical effects of the present embodiment are as follows: when the temperature of any one phase of bridge arm in the bridge arm working group is detected to reach the upper limit of the normal temperature, the bridge arm is switched to the third phase of bridge arm, and the temperature of the first phase of bridge arm and the second phase of bridge arm is detected to be recovered to the normal temperature interval range, the bridge arm working group is switched to work again, so that the round-robin work between the bridge arm working group and the third phase of bridge arm is realized, the phenomenon that the bridge arm is damaged due to the fact that the bridge arm is still in a working state when the bridge arm is abnormal is avoided, the phenomenon that demagnetization is caused due to excessive loss caused by the fact that the bridge arm in the bridge arm converter always works is avoided, and meanwhile, the utilization rate of the bridge arm converter and the winding is increased.
The present embodiment will be specifically described by a specific circuit configuration:
As shown in fig. 7, the energy conversion device includes a bridge arm converter 101, a motor winding 102, a bus capacitor C1, an energy storage capacitor C2, a switch K1, a switch K2, a switch K3, a switch K4, and a resistor R, wherein the positive electrode of the battery 103 is connected to the first end of the resistor R and the first end of the switch K2, the second end of the resistor R is connected to the first end of the switch K3, the second end of the switch K3 is connected to the second end of the switch K2, the first bus end of the bridge arm converter 101, the midpoint of the three-way bridge arm of the bridge arm converter 101 is respectively connected to the three-phase winding of the motor winding 102, the connection point of the three-phase winding of the motor winding is connected to the first end of the switch K1, the second end of the switch K1 is connected to the first end of the energy storage capacitor C2, and the second end of the energy storage capacitor C2 is connected to the second bus end of the bridge arm converter 101, the second end of the bus capacitor C1, and the second end of the switch K4.
The bridge arm converter 101 includes a first power switch unit, a second power switch unit, a third power switch unit, a fourth power switch unit, a fifth power switch unit and a sixth power switch unit, where the first power switch unit and the fourth power switch unit form a first phase bridge arm, the third power switch unit and the sixth power switch unit form a second phase bridge arm, the fifth power switch unit and the second power switch unit form a third phase bridge arm, one ends of the first power switch unit, the third power switch unit and the fifth power switch unit are commonly connected and form a first bus end of the bridge arm converter 101, one ends of the second power switch unit, the fourth power switch unit and the sixth power switch unit are commonly connected and form a second bus end of the bridge arm converter 101, a first phase winding of the motor winding 102 is connected with a midpoint of the first phase bridge arm, a second phase winding of the motor winding 102 is connected with a midpoint of the second phase bridge arm, and a third phase winding of the motor winding 102 is connected with a midpoint of the third phase bridge arm.
The first power switch unit in the bridge arm converter 101 comprises a first upper bridge arm VT1 and a first upper bridge diode VD1, the second power switch unit comprises a second lower bridge arm VT2 and a second lower bridge diode VD2, the third power switch unit comprises a third upper bridge arm VT3 and a third upper bridge diode VD3, the fourth power switch unit comprises a fourth lower bridge arm VT4 and a fourth lower bridge diode VD4, the fifth power switch unit comprises a fifth upper bridge arm VT5 and a fifth upper bridge diode VD5, the sixth power switch unit comprises a sixth lower bridge arm VT6 and a sixth lower bridge diode VD6, the three-phase alternating current motor is a three-phase four-wire system, can be a permanent magnet synchronous motor or an asynchronous motor, and a neutral line is led out from a connecting midpoint of the three-phase windings.
When the vehicle enters a heating mode, the first phase bridge arm is controlled to start working, and charging and discharging are started between the battery 103 and the energy storage capacitor C2, including the following steps:
The first stage is to work for a discharge energy storage loop: as shown in fig. 8, when the upper bridge arm of the first phase bridge arm of the bridge arm converter 101 is turned on, the current flowing from the positive electrode of the battery 103 passes through the switch K2, then flows back to the negative electrode of the battery 103 through the first upper bridge arm VT1, the motor winding 102, the switch K1 and the energy storage capacitor C2 of the first phase bridge arm of the bridge arm converter 101, and the current is continuously increased, and in this process, the battery 103 discharges to the outside, so that the voltage of the energy storage capacitor C2 is continuously increased.
The second stage is the work of a discharge energy release circuit: as shown in fig. 9, the upper bridge arm of the first phase bridge arm of the bridge arm converter 101 is opened, the lower bridge arm is closed, the current flows out from the connection point of the motor winding 102, flows to the positive electrode of the energy storage capacitor C2 through the switch K1, flows back to the motor winding 102 through the fourth lower bridge diode VD4 of the first phase bridge arm of the bridge arm converter 101, the current is continuously reduced, the voltage of the energy storage capacitor C2 is continuously increased, and when the current is reduced to zero, the voltage of the energy storage capacitor C2 reaches the maximum value.
The third stage is to charge the energy storage loop work: as shown in fig. 10, the lower arm of the first phase arm of the arm converter 101 is controlled to be turned on, and current flows out from the energy storage capacitor C2, and flows through the motor winding 102 and the fourth lower arm VT4 of the first phase arm of the arm converter 101, respectively, to the negative electrode of the energy storage capacitor C2.
The fourth stage is to work for the charging and energy releasing circuit: as shown in fig. 11, the upper bridge arm of the first phase bridge arm of the bridge arm converter 101 is turned on, the current flows out from the positive electrode of the energy storage capacitor C2 and the motor winding 102, flows to the positive electrode of the battery 103 through the first upper bridge diode VD1 and the second switch K2 of the first phase bridge arm of the bridge arm converter 101, and finally flows back to the negative electrode of the energy storage capacitor C2.
When the working temperature of the first phase bridge arm reaches the normal temperature upper limit or the current flowing through the first phase bridge arm reaches the overcurrent protection point of the bridge arm in the bridge arm converter after the first phase bridge arm works for a preset working period, the first phase bridge arm is switched to the second phase bridge arm to work, and charging and discharging are started between the battery 103 and the energy storage capacitor C2, and the method comprises the following steps:
the first stage is to work for a discharge energy storage loop: as shown in fig. 12, when the upper bridge arm of the second phase bridge arm of the bridge arm converter 101 is turned on, the current flowing from the positive electrode of the battery 103 passes through the switch K2, then flows back to the negative electrode of the battery 103 through the third upper bridge arm VT3 of the second phase bridge arm of the bridge arm converter 101, the motor winding 102, the switch K1 and the energy storage capacitor C2, and the current is continuously increased, and in this process, the battery 103 discharges to the outside, so that the voltage of the energy storage capacitor C2 is continuously increased.
The second stage is the work of a discharge energy release circuit: as shown in fig. 13, the upper bridge arm of the second phase bridge arm of the bridge arm converter 101 is opened, the lower bridge arm is closed, the current flows out from the connection point of the motor winding 102, flows to the positive electrode of the energy storage capacitor C2 through the switch K1, then flows back to the motor winding 102 through the fourth lower bridge diode VD4 of the second phase bridge arm of the bridge arm converter 101, the current is continuously reduced, the voltage of the energy storage capacitor C2 is continuously increased, and when the current is reduced to zero, the voltage of the energy storage capacitor C2 reaches the maximum value.
The third stage is to charge the energy storage loop work: as shown in fig. 14, the lower arm of the second phase arm of the arm converter 101 is controlled to be turned on, and current flows out from the energy storage capacitor C2, and flows through the motor winding 102 and the sixth lower arm VT6 of the second phase arm of the arm converter 101, respectively, to the negative electrode of the energy storage capacitor C2.
The fourth stage is to work for the charging and energy releasing circuit: as shown in fig. 15, the upper arm of the second phase arm of the arm converter 101 is turned on, and the current flows out from the positive electrode of the energy storage capacitor C2 and the motor winding 102, flows to the positive electrode of the battery 103 through the third upper diode VD3 of the second phase arm of the arm converter 101, and finally flows back to the negative electrode of the energy storage capacitor C2.
When the second phase bridge arm works for a preset working period or the working temperature of the second phase bridge arm reaches the normal temperature upper limit or the current flowing through the second phase bridge arm reaches the overcurrent protection point of the bridge arm in the bridge arm converter, the second phase bridge arm is switched to the third phase bridge arm to work, and charging and discharging are started between the battery 103 and the energy storage capacitor C2, wherein the method comprises the following steps:
The first stage is to work for a discharge energy storage loop: as shown in fig. 16, when the third phase leg of the leg converter 101 is turned on, the current flowing from the positive electrode of the battery 103 passes through the switch K2, then flows back to the negative electrode of the battery 103 through the fifth upper leg VT5 of the third phase leg of the leg converter 101, the motor winding 102, the switch K1, and the energy storage capacitor C2, and the current is continuously increased, and in this process, the battery 103 discharges to the outside, so that the voltage of the energy storage capacitor C2 is continuously increased.
The second stage is the work of a discharge energy release circuit: as shown in fig. 17, the upper bridge arm of the third phase bridge arm of the bridge arm converter 101 is opened, the lower bridge arm is closed, the current flows out from the connection point of the motor winding 102, flows to the positive electrode of the energy storage capacitor C2 through the switch K1, then flows back to the motor winding 102 through the second lower bridge diode VD2 of the third phase bridge arm of the bridge arm converter 101, the current is continuously reduced, the voltage of the energy storage capacitor C2 is continuously increased, and when the current is reduced to zero, the voltage of the energy storage capacitor C2 reaches the maximum value.
The third stage is to charge the energy storage loop work: as shown in fig. 18, the lower arm of the third phase arm of the arm converter 101 is controlled to be turned on, and current flows out from the energy storage capacitor C2, and flows through the motor winding 102 and the second lower arm VT2 of the third phase arm of the arm converter 101, respectively, to the negative electrode of the energy storage capacitor C2.
The fourth stage is to work for the charging and energy releasing circuit: as shown in fig. 19, the upper arm of the third phase arm of the arm converter 101 is turned on, and the current flows out from the positive electrode of the energy storage capacitor C2 and the motor winding 102, flows to the positive electrode of the battery 103 through the first upper diode VD1 of the third phase arm of the arm converter 101, and finally flows back to the negative electrode of the energy storage capacitor C2.
An embodiment of the present invention provides an energy conversion device, including:
The bridge arm converter, the motor winding and the energy storage element are connected with the battery to form a battery heating circuit;
the energy conversion device further comprises a control module for:
Acquiring a vehicle state;
and when the vehicle state is in a heating mode, controlling at least one phase of bridge arm in the bridge arm converter to charge and discharge the battery and the energy storage element so as to realize self-heating of the battery.
The specific control manner of the controller may refer to the above control method, and will not be described herein.
The bridge arm converter comprises N-phase bridge arms, the motor winding comprises N-phase windings, and the N-phase bridge arms are connected with the N-phase windings in a one-to-one correspondence.
In one embodiment, the bridge arm converter, the motor winding, the energy storage element and the battery are connected to form a battery heating circuit specifically includes: the first ends of the N-phase bridge arms are connected together to form a first bus end, the first bus end is connected with the first end of the energy storage element, the second ends of the N-phase bridge arms are connected together to form a second bus end, the second bus end is connected with the second ends of the energy storage element, the first ends of the N-phase windings are respectively connected to the midpoints of the N-phase bridge arms in a one-to-one correspondence mode, the second ends of the N-phase windings are connected to the positive electrode of the battery, and the negative electrode of the battery is connected to the second bus end.
In another embodiment, the bridge arm converter, the motor winding, the energy storage element and the battery are connected to form a battery heating circuit specifically includes:
The first ends of the N-phase bridge arms are connected together to form a first bus end, the first bus end is connected with the positive electrode of the battery, the second ends of the N-phase bridge arms are connected together to form a second bus end, the second bus end is connected with the negative electrode of the battery, the first ends of the N-phase windings are respectively connected to the midpoints of the N-phase bridge arms in a one-to-one correspondence mode, the second ends of the N-phase windings are connected to the first ends of the energy storage elements, and the second ends of the energy storage elements are connected to the second bus ends.
An embodiment of the present application provides a vehicle, including the energy conversion device described in the two embodiments.
The above embodiments are only for illustrating the technical solution of the present application, and are not limiting; although the application has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: the technical scheme described in the foregoing embodiments can be modified or some technical features thereof can be replaced by equivalents; such modifications and substitutions do not depart from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application, and are intended to be included in the scope of the present application.

Claims (11)

1. A control method of an energy conversion device, characterized in that the energy conversion device comprises:
The bridge arm converter, the motor winding and the energy storage element are connected with a battery to form a battery heating circuit; the bridge arm converter comprises an N-phase bridge arm, the motor winding comprises an N-phase winding, the N-phase bridge arm is connected with the first ends of the N-phase winding in a one-to-one correspondence manner, and the second ends of the N-phase winding are connected to a battery in a sharing manner;
The control method comprises the following steps:
Acquiring a vehicle state;
When the vehicle state is in a heating mode, controlling at least one phase of bridge arm in the bridge arm converter to charge and discharge the battery and the energy storage element so as to realize self-heating of the battery;
the controlling at least one phase bridge arm in the bridge arm converter to charge and discharge the battery and the energy storage element includes:
Controlling each two-phase bridge arm of the N-phase bridge arms to work sequentially until all the bridge arms finish working, and starting the next cycle;
In the working of each phase of bridge arm, the formed charge-discharge loop comprises an upper bridge arm and a lower bridge arm from the same phase of bridge arm.
2. The control method of claim 1, wherein each two of the N-phase legs form a pair of leg working groups, wherein the N-phase legs include C 2 N pairs of leg working groups, and the controlling each two of the N-phase legs sequentially switches until all legs complete the work, and then starting a next cycle, including:
and controlling the C 2 N to sequentially work on each pair of bridge arm working groups in the bridge arm working groups until all bridge arms finish working, and starting the next cycle.
3. The control method of claim 2, wherein the controlling the C 2 N to sequentially operate each of the bridge arm operation groups until all bridge arms complete operation, and starting a next cycle includes:
and after the working preset working period of the first pair of bridge arm working groups in the bridge arm converter is controlled, switching the working preset working period of the second pair of bridge arm working groups until the working preset working period of the first pair of bridge arm working groups is switched to C 2 N, and then circulating to the first pair of bridge arm working groups to restart working.
4. The control method of claim 2, wherein the controlling the C 2 N to sequentially operate each of the bridge arm operation groups until all bridge arms complete operation, and starting a next cycle includes:
And controlling the first pair of bridge arm working groups in the bridge arm converter to work, switching to the second pair of bridge arm working groups and detecting the parameters of the second pair of bridge arm working groups in the next working period when the parameters of the first pair of bridge arm working groups are detected to meet the preset conditions in the current working period, and circulating to the first pair of bridge arm working groups to restart working until switching to the C 2 N pair of bridge arm working groups and the parameters of the C 2 N pair of bridge arm working groups meet the preset conditions.
5. The control method of claim 2, wherein the controlling the C 2 N to sequentially operate each of the bridge arm operation groups until all bridge arms complete operation, and starting a next cycle includes:
And controlling the first pair of bridge arm working groups in the bridge arm converter to work, switching to the second pair of bridge arm working groups to work and detecting the parameters of the second phase bridge arm working groups when the parameters of the first pair of bridge arm working groups meet the preset conditions, and circulating to the first pair of bridge arm working groups to restart working until the C 2 N -th pair of bridge arm working groups are switched to work and the parameters of the C 2 N -th pair of bridge arm working groups meet the preset conditions.
6. The control method of claim 1, wherein when n=3, the bridge arm converter includes a first phase bridge arm, a second phase bridge arm, and a third phase bridge arm, the first phase bridge arm and the second phase bridge arm forming a bridge arm working group;
And controlling at least one phase of bridge arms in the N phase of bridge arms to be sequentially switched, so that the battery and the energy storage element charge and discharge, including:
and controlling the bridge arm working group and the third phase bridge arm to alternately work, so that the battery and the energy storage capacitor are charged and discharged.
7. The control method of claim 6, wherein said controlling the alternate operation of said leg operation group and said third phase leg comprises:
And controlling the bridge arm working group to work, switching to the third phase bridge arm working in the next working period when detecting that the temperature of at least one phase bridge arm in the bridge arm working group reaches the preset temperature, and switching to the bridge arm working group again when detecting that the temperatures of the first phase bridge arm and the second phase bridge arm are recovered to the normal temperature interval range.
8. The control method according to claim 1, wherein the bridge arm converter, the motor winding, the energy storage element and the battery are connected to form a battery heating circuit specifically includes: the first ends of the N-phase bridge arms are connected together to form a first bus end, the first bus end is connected with the first end of the energy storage element, the second ends of the N-phase bridge arms are connected together to form a second bus end, the second bus end is connected with the second ends of the energy storage element, the first ends of the N-phase windings are respectively connected to the midpoints of the N-phase bridge arms in a one-to-one correspondence mode, the second ends of the N-phase windings are connected to the positive electrode of the battery, and the negative electrode of the battery is connected to the second bus end.
9. The control method according to claim 1, wherein the bridge arm converter, the motor winding, the energy storage element and the battery are connected to form a battery heating circuit specifically includes:
The first ends of the N-phase bridge arms are connected together to form a first bus end, the first bus end is connected with the positive electrode of the battery, the second ends of the N-phase bridge arms are connected together to form a second bus end, the second bus end is connected with the negative electrode of the battery, the first ends of the N-phase windings are respectively connected to the midpoints of the N-phase bridge arms in a one-to-one correspondence mode, the second ends of the N-phase windings are connected to the first ends of the energy storage elements, and the second ends of the energy storage elements are connected to the second bus ends.
10. An energy conversion device, characterized in that the energy conversion device comprises:
The bridge arm converter, the motor winding and the energy storage element are connected with a battery to form a battery heating circuit; the bridge arm converter comprises an N-phase bridge arm, the motor winding comprises an N-phase winding, the N-phase bridge arm is connected with the first ends of the N-phase winding in a one-to-one correspondence manner, and the second ends of the N-phase winding are connected to a battery in a sharing manner;
the energy conversion device further comprises a control module for:
Acquiring a vehicle state;
When the vehicle state is in a heating mode, controlling at least one phase of bridge arm in the bridge arm converter to charge and discharge the battery and the energy storage element so as to realize self-heating of the battery;
The control module is configured to control at least one phase of bridge arm in the bridge arm converter to charge and discharge the battery and the energy storage element, and includes:
Controlling each two-phase bridge arm of the N-phase bridge arms to work sequentially until all the bridge arms finish working, and starting the next cycle;
In the working of each phase of bridge arm, the formed charge-discharge loop comprises an upper bridge arm and a lower bridge arm from the same phase of bridge arm.
11. A vehicle characterized in that it comprises the energy conversion device according to claim 10.
CN202010598383.2A 2020-06-28 2020-06-28 Vehicle, energy conversion device, and control method therefor Active CN113844334B (en)

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CN114834319B (en) * 2022-03-04 2023-06-06 华为电动技术有限公司 Power battery heating method and device, chip system and electric automobile
CN115377557B (en) * 2022-07-18 2024-01-12 宁德时代新能源科技股份有限公司 Battery self-heating control method, device and storage medium
CN115648966A (en) * 2022-10-31 2023-01-31 华为数字能源技术有限公司 Motor controller, control unit, electric drive system and electric vehicle

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