CN113844334A - Vehicle, energy conversion device, and control method therefor - Google Patents
Vehicle, energy conversion device, and control method therefor Download PDFInfo
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- CN113844334A CN113844334A CN202010598383.2A CN202010598383A CN113844334A CN 113844334 A CN113844334 A CN 113844334A CN 202010598383 A CN202010598383 A CN 202010598383A CN 113844334 A CN113844334 A CN 113844334A
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- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 44
- 238000004146 energy storage Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 126
- 238000004804 winding Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 122
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 58
- 239000003990 capacitor Substances 0.000 claims description 45
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 38
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 18
- 230000005347 demagnetization Effects 0.000 description 7
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- 230000002159 abnormal effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000027311 M phase Effects 0.000 description 3
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- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L58/00—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles
- B60L58/10—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries
- B60L58/24—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries for controlling the temperature of batteries
- B60L58/27—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries for controlling the temperature of batteries by heating
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L53/00—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles
- B60L53/20—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles characterised by converters located in the vehicle
- B60L53/22—Constructional details or arrangements of charging converters specially adapted for charging electric vehicles
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L53/00—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles
- B60L53/20—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles characterised by converters located in the vehicle
- B60L53/24—Using the vehicle's propulsion converter for charging
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
- H01M10/61—Types of temperature control
- H01M10/615—Heating or keeping warm
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
- H01M10/62—Heating or cooling; Temperature control specially adapted for specific applications
- H01M10/625—Vehicles
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
- H01M10/63—Control systems
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
- Y02T10/70—Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
- Y02T10/7072—Electromobility specific charging systems or methods for batteries, ultracapacitors, supercapacitors or double-layer capacitors
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T90/00—Enabling technologies or technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02T90/10—Technologies relating to charging of electric vehicles
- Y02T90/14—Plug-in electric vehicles
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Transportation (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
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- Sustainable Energy (AREA)
- Automation & Control Theory (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Inverter Devices (AREA)
Abstract
The technical scheme of the application provides a vehicle, an energy conversion device and a control method of the energy conversion device, wherein the energy conversion device comprises a bridge arm converter, a motor winding and an energy storage element, and the bridge arm converter, the motor winding, the energy storage element and a battery are connected to form a battery heating circuit; the control method comprises the following steps: acquiring a vehicle state; when the vehicle is in a heating mode, at least one phase of bridge arm in the bridge arm converter is controlled to enable the battery and the energy storage element to be charged and discharged so as to achieve self-heating of the battery, utilization rate of devices in a circuit and heating speed of the battery are improved, at least one phase of bridge arm in the bridge arm converter is controlled to work, bridge arms in the bridge arm converter are controlled in various modes, and loss of the bridge arm converter is reduced.
Description
Technical Field
The present application relates to the field of vehicle technologies, and in particular, to a vehicle, an energy conversion apparatus, and a control method thereof.
Background
With the wide use of new energy, batteries can be used as a power source in various fields. The battery may be used as a power source in different environments, and the performance of the battery may be affected. For example, the performance of the battery in a low-temperature environment is greatly reduced from that at normal temperature. For example, the discharge capacity of the battery at the zero point temperature may decrease as the temperature decreases. At-30 ℃, the discharge capacity of the battery was substantially 0, resulting in the battery being unusable. In order to enable the battery to be used in a low-temperature environment, it is necessary to preheat the battery before using the battery.
As shown in fig. 1, the prior art includes a bridge arm inverter 101, a motor winding 102, and a battery 103, when the battery 103 is in a discharging process, a transistor VT1, a transistor VT2, and a transistor VT6 in the bridge arm inverter 101 are triggered to be simultaneously turned on, a current flows from an anode of the battery 103, returns to a cathode of the battery 103 through three stator inductances of the transistor VT1, the transistor VT2, the transistor VT6, and the motor winding 102, and rises, and energy is stored in the two stator inductances; when the battery 103 is in a charging process, as shown in fig. 2, the transistor VT1, the transistor VT2 and the transistor VT6 are simultaneously turned off, current returns to the battery 102 from the three stator inductances of the motor winding 102 and the bridge arm inverter 101 through the three bleeder diodes VD4, VD5 and VD3, and the current drops. The two processes are repeated, the battery is in a rapid charging and discharging alternating state, and due to the existence of the internal resistance of the battery, a large amount of heat is generated inside the battery, and the temperature is rapidly increased. However, the prior art has the following problems: due to the bus capacitor C1, when the battery 103 discharges in the process of the charge-discharge loop, a large amount of current passes through the bus capacitor C1, so that the current flowing through the battery is greatly reduced, the utilization rate of devices in the circuit is low, the heating speed of the battery is seriously reduced, and in addition, the control mode of each phase of bridge arm in the bridge arm converter in the prior art is single, so that the loss of the bridge arm converter is large.
Disclosure of Invention
The application aims to provide a vehicle, an energy conversion device and a control method thereof, which can enable a bridge arm converter, a motor winding, an energy storage element and a battery to be connected to form a battery heating circuit, improve the utilization rate of devices in the circuit and the heating speed of the battery, and simultaneously control a bridge arm in the bridge arm converter in multiple modes to reduce the loss of the bridge arm converter.
The present application is achieved in that a first aspect of the present application provides a control method of an energy conversion apparatus including:
the bridge arm converter, the motor winding and the energy storage element are connected with a battery to form a battery heating circuit;
the method comprises the following steps:
acquiring a vehicle state;
and when the vehicle state is in a heating mode, controlling at least one phase of bridge arm in the bridge arm converter to charge and discharge the battery and the energy storage element so as to realize self-heating of the battery.
A second aspect of the present invention provides an energy conversion apparatus comprising:
the bridge arm converter, the motor winding and the energy storage element are connected with a battery to form a battery heating circuit;
the energy conversion device further comprises a control module configured to:
acquiring a vehicle state;
and when the vehicle state is in a heating mode, controlling at least one phase of bridge arm in the bridge arm converter to charge and discharge the battery and the energy storage element so as to realize self-heating of the battery.
A third aspect of the present application provides a vehicle including the energy conversion apparatus of the second aspect.
The technical scheme of the application provides a vehicle, an energy conversion device and a control method thereof, the energy conversion device comprises a bridge arm converter, a motor winding and an energy storage element, when the vehicle is in a heating mode, at least one phase of bridge arm in the bridge arm converter is controlled to charge and discharge a battery and the energy storage element so as to heat the battery, the discharging process of the battery to the energy storage element and the charging process of the energy storage element to the battery are alternately carried out by controlling the bridge arm converter so as to realize the temperature rise of the battery, a bus capacitor participates in the charging and discharging processes, the problem that a large amount of current passes through the bus capacitor when the battery is discharged so that the current flowing through the battery is greatly reduced, and further the heating speed of the battery is seriously reduced is solved, the utilization rate of devices in a circuit and the heating speed of the battery are improved, and at least one phase of bridge arm in the bridge arm converter is controlled to work, the bridge arms in the bridge arm converter are controlled in various modes, so that the loss of the bridge arm converter is reduced.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application, the drawings needed to be used in the embodiments or the prior art descriptions will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present application, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art to obtain other drawings based on these drawings without inventive exercise.
FIG. 1 is a current flow diagram of a motor control circuit provided by the prior art;
FIG. 2 is another current flow diagram of a motor control circuit provided by the prior art;
fig. 3 is a circuit diagram of an energy conversion device according to an embodiment of the present application;
fig. 4 is a specific circuit diagram of an energy conversion device according to an embodiment of the present application;
fig. 5 is another circuit diagram of an energy conversion device according to an embodiment of the present application;
fig. 6 is a flowchart of a control method of an energy conversion apparatus according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;
fig. 7 is a circuit diagram of an energy conversion device according to an embodiment of the present application;
fig. 8 is a current flow diagram of an energy conversion device according to an embodiment of the present application;
fig. 9 is a current flow diagram of an energy conversion device according to an embodiment of the present application;
fig. 10 is a current flow diagram of an energy conversion device according to an embodiment of the present application;
fig. 11 is a current flow diagram of an energy conversion device according to an embodiment of the present application;
fig. 12 is a current flow diagram of an energy conversion device according to an embodiment of the present application;
fig. 13 is a current flow diagram of an energy conversion device according to an embodiment of the present application;
fig. 14 is a current flow diagram of an energy conversion device according to an embodiment of the present application;
fig. 15 is a current flow diagram of an energy conversion device according to an embodiment of the present application;
fig. 16 is a current flow diagram of an energy conversion device according to an embodiment of the present application;
fig. 17 is a current flow diagram of an energy conversion device according to an embodiment of the present application;
fig. 18 is a current flow diagram of an energy conversion device according to an embodiment of the present application;
fig. 19 is a current flow diagram of an energy conversion device according to an embodiment of the present application.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present application more apparent, the present application is described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the present application and are not intended to limit the present application.
In order to explain the technical means of the present application, the following description will be given by way of specific examples.
An embodiment of the present application provides an energy conversion device, including: the bridge arm converter, the motor winding and the energy storage element are connected with the battery to form a battery heating circuit.
As a first embodiment of the connection relationship among the bridge arm inverter, the motor winding, and the energy storage element, as shown in fig. 3, the energy conversion device includes:
the bridge arm converter 101 is characterized in that first ends of all paths of bridge arms of the bridge arm converter 101 are connected together to form a first bus end, and second ends of all paths of bridge arms of the bridge arm converter 101 are connected together to form a second bus end;
the first end of the energy storage element C1 is connected with the first bus end, and the second end of the energy storage element C1 is connected with the second bus end;
a first end of the motor winding 102 is respectively connected with the middle point of each phase bridge arm of the bridge arm converter 101, a second end of the motor winding 102 is connected with the positive electrode of the battery 103 in a common mode, and the negative electrode of the battery 103 is connected with the first bus end;
the bridge arm converter 101 comprises M bridge arms, a first end of each bridge arm in the M bridge arms is connected with a first junction end of the bridge arm converter 101, a second end of each bridge arm in the M bridge arms is connected with a second junction end of the bridge arm converter 101, each bridge arm comprises two power switch units which are connected in series, the power switch units can be in the types of transistors, IGBTs, MOS tubes and the like, a middle point of each bridge arm is formed between the two power switch units, the motor comprises M-phase windings, the first end of each phase winding in the M-phase windings is connected with the middle point of each bridge arm in a group of the M bridge arms in a one-to-one correspondence mode, the second ends of each phase winding in the M-phase windings are connected with a neutral point, and the neutral point is connected with the positive electrode of the battery 103.
When M is equal to 3, the bridge arm converter 101 is a three-phase inverter, the three-phase inverter includes three bridge arms, a first end of each of the three bridge arms is connected together to form a first junction end of the bridge arm converter 101, and a second end of each of the three bridge arms is connected together to form a second junction end of the bridge arm converter 101; the three-phase inverter comprises a first power switch unit, a second power switch unit, a third power switch unit, a fourth power switch unit, a fifth power switch and a sixth power switch, wherein the first power switch unit and the fourth power switch unit form a first bridge arm, the second power switch unit and the fifth switch unit form a second bridge arm, the third power switch unit and the sixth switch unit form a third bridge arm, one ends of the first power switch unit, the third power switch unit and the fifth power switch unit are connected in common and form a first junction end of the three-phase inverter, and one ends of the second power switch unit, the fourth power switch unit and the sixth power switch unit are connected in common and form a second junction end of the three-phase inverter.
The motor winding 102 comprises three-phase windings, a first end of each phase winding in the three-phase windings is connected with a midpoint of each bridge arm in the three bridge arms in a one-to-one correspondence mode, second ends of each phase winding in the three-phase windings are connected together to form a neutral point, a first end of a first phase winding of the motor winding 102 is connected with the midpoint of the first bridge arm, a first end of a second phase winding of the motor winding 102 is connected with the midpoint of the second bridge arm, and a first end of a third phase winding of the motor winding 102 is connected with the midpoint of the third bridge arm.
The first power switch unit in the three-phase inverter comprises a first upper bridge arm VT1 and a first upper bridge diode VD1, the second power switch unit comprises a second lower bridge arm VT2 and a second lower bridge diode VD2, the third power switch unit comprises a third upper bridge arm VT3 and a third upper bridge diode VD3, the fourth power switch unit comprises a fourth lower bridge arm VT4 and a fourth lower bridge diode VD4, the fifth power switch unit comprises a fifth upper bridge arm VT5 and a fifth upper bridge diode VD5, the sixth power switch unit comprises a sixth lower bridge arm VT6 and a sixth lower bridge diode VD6, the motor is a three-phase four-wire system and can be a permanent magnet synchronous motor or an asynchronous motor, and a three-phase winding is connected to one point and connected with the positive electrode of the battery 103.
In another embodiment, as shown in fig. 4, the energy conversion device further comprises a first switch module 104 and a second switch module 105. A first end of the first switch module 104 is connected to a first end connected to the energy storage element C1, and a second end of the first switch module 104 is connected to the positive electrode of the battery 103; the second switching module 105 is connected between the neutral point of the motor winding 102 and the positive or negative pole of the battery 103.
The first switching module 104 is configured to implement conduction or disconnection between the battery 103 and the energy storage element C1 according to the control signal, so that the battery 103 charges or stops charging the energy storage element C1; the second switch module 105 is configured to implement conduction or disconnection between the motor winding 102 and the battery 103 according to the control signal, so that the battery 103 outputs electric energy to the motor winding 102 or stops outputting electric energy.
In this embodiment, the arm converter 101 and the motor winding 102 in the battery heating circuit can multiplex a three-phase inverter and a motor in the vehicle motor drive circuit, and the energy storage module multiplexes a bus capacitor of the motor drive circuit, and the same modules have different functions. Through the arrangement of the first switch module 104 and the second switch module 105, components are multiplexed to realize multi-function switching, the utilization rate of the bridge arm converter 101 and the motor winding 102 is increased, and the cost is saved.
When the first switch module 104 is turned on and the second switch module 105 is turned off, the battery 103, the first switch module 104, the arm converter 101, the energy storage element C1, and the motor winding 102 form a motor driving circuit, and at this time, the motor output power is realized by controlling the arm converter 101.
When the first switch module 104 is turned off and the second switch module 105 is turned on, the battery 103, the second switch module 105, the motor winding 102, the arm converter 101, and the energy storage element C1 form a battery heating circuit, and at this time, the arm converter 101 is controlled to charge and discharge the battery 101 and the energy storage element C1 to heat the battery.
The battery heating circuit comprises a discharging circuit and a charging circuit, wherein the discharging circuit is that the battery 103 discharges the energy storage element C1 through the motor winding 102 and the bridge arm converter 101, at the moment, current flows out of the battery 103, and the current flows into the energy storage element C1 through the motor winding 102 and the bridge arm converter 101 so as to charge the energy storage element C1; the charging loop is that the energy storage element C1 charges the battery 103 through the motor and the bridge arm converter 101, at this time, current flows out from the energy storage element C1, the current flows into the battery 103 through the bridge arm converter 101 and the motor winding 102, and because internal resistance exists in the battery 103, when the current flows in and out of the battery 103 in the working process of the discharging loop and the charging loop, the internal resistance of the battery 103 generates heat, and further the temperature of the battery 103 is increased.
When the first switch module 104 is turned off and the second switch module 105 is turned on, fig. 4 may be equivalent to fig. 3, the first bus end of the arm converter 101 is connected to the first end of the energy storage element C1, the second bus end of the arm converter 101 is connected to the second end of the energy storage element C1, the first end of the motor winding 102 is connected to the arm converter 101, the second end of the motor winding 102 is connected to the first end of the battery 101, and the second end of the battery 103 is connected to the second bus end of the arm converter 101, so as to form a battery heating circuit.
When the battery heating circuit works, the battery 103, the motor winding 102 and the bridge arm converter 101 form a discharging energy storage loop, and the battery 103, the motor winding 102, the bridge arm converter 101 and the energy storage element C1 form a discharging energy release loop; the energy storage element C1, the bridge arm converter 101, the motor winding 102 and the battery 103 form a charging energy storage loop, and the motor winding 102, the battery 103 and the bridge arm converter 101 form a charging energy release loop.
The discharging circuit comprises a discharging energy storage circuit and a discharging energy release circuit, the charging circuit comprises a charging energy storage circuit and a charging energy release circuit, and when the discharging energy storage circuit is controlled to work by the bridge arm converter 101, the battery 103 outputs electric energy to enable a winding of the motor to store energy; when the bridge arm converter 101 controls the discharging and energy releasing loop to work, the battery 103 discharges and the winding of the motor releases energy to charge the energy storage element C1; when the charging energy storage loop is controlled to work by the bridge arm converter 101, the energy storage element C1 discharges to charge the battery 103, and the winding of the motor winding 102 stores energy; when the charging and energy releasing loop is controlled to work through the bridge arm converter 101, the windings of the motor winding 102 release energy to charge the battery 103. The discharging process of the battery 103 to the energy storage element C1 and the charging process of the energy storage element C1 to the battery 103 are alternately performed by controlling the bridge arm converter 101, so that the temperature of the battery 103 is increased; in addition, the current value flowing through the battery heating circuit is adjusted by controlling the duty ratio of the PWM control signal of the arm converter 101, the control duty ratio is equivalent to control the on-time of the upper arm and the lower arm, and the current in the battery heating circuit is increased or decreased by controlling the on-time of the upper arm or the lower arm to be longer or shorter, so that the heating power generated by the battery 103 can be adjusted.
It should be noted that, in the process of controlling the operation of the discharging circuit and the charging circuit, the discharging energy storage circuit, the discharging energy release circuit, the charging energy storage circuit, and the charging energy release circuit in the discharging circuit may be controlled to operate sequentially, the current value flowing through the battery heating circuit is adjusted by controlling the duty ratio of the PWM control signal of the bridge arm converter 101, the discharging energy storage circuit and the discharging energy release circuit in the discharging circuit may be controlled to be alternately turned on to perform discharging, the charging energy storage circuit and the charging energy release circuit in the charging circuit are controlled to be alternately turned on to perform discharging, and the current values flowing through the discharging circuit and the charging circuit are respectively adjusted by controlling the duty ratio of the PWM control signal of the bridge arm converter 101.
In the present embodiment, the arm inverter 101 is controlled to operate the battery heating circuit, so that the battery 103 in the discharge circuit discharges the energy storage element C1 and the energy storage element C1 in the charge circuit charges the battery 103, thereby increasing the temperature of the battery 103, and the arm inverter 101 is controlled to adjust the current of the battery 103 from the heating circuit, thereby adjusting the heating power generated by the battery 103.
As a second embodiment of the connection relationship among the arm converter 101, the motor winding 102, and the energy storage element, as shown in fig. 5, a first bus end of the arm converter 101 is connected to a positive electrode of the battery 103, and a second bus end of the arm converter 101 is connected to a negative electrode of the battery 103; a first end of the motor winding 102 is connected with the bridge arm inverter 101, a second end of the motor winding 102 is connected with a first end of the energy storage element C2, and a second end of the energy storage element C2 is connected with a second bus end of the bridge arm inverter 101, so that a battery heating circuit is formed.
The present embodiment is different from the above embodiments in that the connection manner between the modules is different, and the specific structures of the modules are the same, which can be referred to the above embodiments and will not be described herein again.
For the battery heating circuit, the battery heating circuit comprises a discharging loop and a charging loop, wherein the discharging loop is that the battery 103 discharges the energy storage element C2 through the bridge arm converter 101 and the motor winding 102, at the moment, current flows out of the battery 103, and the current flows into the energy storage element C2 through the bridge arm converter 101 and the motor winding 102 to charge the energy storage element C2; the charging loop is that the energy storage element C2 charges the battery 103 through the motor winding 102 and the bridge arm converter 101, at this time, current flows out from the energy storage element C2, and the current flows into the battery 103 through the motor winding 102 and the bridge arm converter 101, because internal resistance exists in the battery 103, when the battery 103 has current flowing in and out in the working process of the discharging loop and the charging loop, the internal resistance of the battery generates heat, and further the temperature of the battery 103 is increased.
As shown in fig. 6, the control method includes:
and S10, acquiring the vehicle state.
The vehicle state can mean that the vehicle is in a heating mode, and when the vehicle is in the heating mode, a battery heating circuit formed by connecting the bridge arm converter, the motor winding, the energy storage element and the battery is in a working state; the vehicle state can mean that the vehicle is in a driving mode, and when the vehicle is in the driving mode, a motor driving circuit formed by the bridge arm converter, the motor winding and the battery is in a working state, so that the motor winding can output driving force.
And S20, when the vehicle state is in a heating mode, controlling at least one phase of bridge arm in the bridge arm converter to charge and discharge the battery and the energy storage element so as to realize self-heating of the battery.
When the vehicle state is in the heating mode, at least one phase arm in the arm converter 101 is controlled to charge and discharge the energy storage element C1 and the battery 103, so that the internal resistance of the battery 103 generates heat. In the process of controlling the battery heating circuit to heat, different numbers of bridge arms in the bridge arm converter 101 can be controlled to work in a switching way, in order to implement various control schemes for bridge arm converter 101, for example, when bridge arm converter 101 includes a three-phase bridge arm, one-phase bridge arm, two-phase bridge arm or three-phase bridge arm of the bridge arm converter 101 can be controlled to be conducted and operated to heat the battery heating circuit, when one-phase bridge arm or two-phase bridge arm in the bridge arm converter 101 is controlled to be operated, switching conditions can be set, when one phase of the bridge arm in the bridge arm converter 101 works, the other phase of the bridge arm or the other two phases of the bridge arm works when the switching conditions are met, when two phases of bridge arms in the bridge arm converter 101 work, the other phase of bridge arms or the other two phases of bridge arms work when the switching condition is met, and the switching condition can be that the preset work period or the parameters of the bridge arm converter meet a certain preset condition.
The embodiment of the application provides an energy conversion device, which comprises a bridge arm converter, a motor winding and an energy storage element, wherein when a vehicle is in a heating mode, at least one phase of bridge arm in the bridge arm converter is controlled to charge and discharge a battery and the energy storage element so as to heat the battery, the bridge arm converter is controlled to alternately perform a discharging process of the battery on the energy storage element and a charging process of the energy storage element on the battery so as to realize the temperature rise of the battery, a bus capacitor participates in the charging and discharging processes, the problem that the current flowing through the battery is greatly reduced due to the fact that a large amount of current passes through the bus capacitor when the battery is discharged is solved, the heating speed of the battery is seriously reduced, the utilization rate of devices in a circuit and the heating speed of the battery are improved, at least one phase of bridge arm in the converter is controlled to work, and the bridge arm in the converter is controlled in various modes, and the loss of the bridge arm converter is reduced.
For the bridge arm converter, the bridge arm converter comprises an N-phase bridge arm, the motor winding comprises an N-phase winding, and the N-phase bridge arm and the N-phase winding are connected in a one-to-one correspondence mode.
Controlling at least one phase bridge arm in the bridge arm converter in step S20 to charge and discharge the battery and the energy storage element includes:
and controlling at least one of the N-phase bridge arms to switch in sequence so as to charge and discharge the battery and the energy storage element.
The control of the sequential switching of at least one of the N-phase bridge arms means that PWM control signals are sequentially sent to at least one of the N-phase bridge arms in the bridge arm converter, so that the bridge arms in the N-phase bridge arms sequentially work, the battery heating circuit is further in a working state, and the energy storage element and the battery are charged and discharged to enable the internal resistance of the battery to generate heat.
As an embodiment, controlling at least one of the N-phase bridge arms to sequentially switch includes:
and controlling each phase of bridge arms in the N phases to work in sequence, and starting the next cycle until all the bridge arms finish working.
The control of the sequential work of each phase of the N-phase bridge arms means that one phase of the N-phase bridge arms works in turn until all the bridge arms work once, the starting of the next cycle means that after all the bridge arms finish working, each phase of the N-phase bridge arms are controlled to start working again, the work sequence of the single-phase bridge arms in the new cycle can be the same as or different from the work sequence of the single-phase bridge arms in the previous cycle, and the work time of each phase of the N-phase bridge arms can be a preset work period or can be switched according to conditions met by a device.
The specific implementation modes for controlling each phase of bridge arm in the bridge arm converter to work in sequence comprise the following implementation modes:
in a first embodiment, controlling each of the N-phase bridge arms to operate sequentially until all the bridge arms complete operating, and starting a next cycle includes:
and after the first-phase bridge arm in the bridge arm converter is controlled to work for a preset working period, switching the second-phase bridge arm to work for the preset working period until the second-phase bridge arm is switched to the Nth-phase bridge arm to work for the preset working period, and circulating to the first-phase bridge arm to start working again.
The working period is the switching period of a switching tube in the bridge arm converter, one phase of bridge arm comprises an upper bridge arm and a lower bridge arm, the conducting duration of the upper bridge arm and the conducting duration of the lower bridge arm form one switching period, the preset working period refers to a plurality of switching periods set by a user, after the preset working period of one phase of bridge arm, the other phase of bridge arm is switched to work, and another cycle is started until each phase of bridge arm in the N phase of bridge arm finishes working.
The technical effects of the embodiment are as follows: by controlling one phase of bridge arm in the N-phase bridge arms to work for a preset working period and then switching to the other phase of bridge arm until each phase of bridge arm finishes working, the phenomenon of demagnetization caused by excessive loss due to the fact that the bridge arm in the bridge arm converter works all the time is avoided, and meanwhile, the utilization rates of the bridge arm converter and the winding are increased.
In a second embodiment, each of the N-phase bridge arms is controlled to operate sequentially until all the bridge arms complete operating, and then a next cycle is started, including:
and controlling a first-phase bridge arm in the bridge arm converter to work, switching to work of a second-phase bridge arm in the next working period and detecting the parameter of the second-phase bridge arm when detecting that the parameter of the first-phase bridge arm meets a preset condition in the current working period, and circulating to the first-phase bridge arm to start working again after switching to work of an Nth-phase bridge arm and when the parameter of the Nth-phase bridge arm meets the preset condition.
The parameter of the first phase bridge arm can be the temperature of the phase bridge arm or the current flowing through the phase bridge arm, when the condition that the parameter of the first phase bridge arm meets the preset condition is detected, the temperature of the phase bridge arm reaches the upper limit of normal temperature, or the current flowing through the phase bridge arm reaches an overcurrent protection point of a bridge arm in a bridge arm converter, the first phase bridge arm in the bridge arm converter is controlled to work, when the condition that the temperature of the first phase bridge arm reaches the upper limit of normal temperature or the current flowing through the first phase bridge arm reaches the overcurrent protection point of the bridge arm in the bridge arm converter is detected, the second phase bridge arm is switched to work in the next working period, and then the temperature of the first phase bridge arm or the current flowing through the second phase bridge arm is detected until the N phase bridge arm works.
The technical effects of the embodiment are as follows: and controlling one phase of bridge arm in the N phase of bridge arms to work, and switching to the other phase of bridge arm in the next working period when the detected temperature of the phase of bridge arm reaches the upper limit of normal temperature or the current flowing through the phase of bridge arm reaches the overcurrent protection point of the bridge arm in the bridge arm converter until each phase of bridge arm finishes working, so that the phenomenon of demagnetization caused by excessive loss due to the fact that the bridge arm in the bridge arm converter works all the time is avoided, and meanwhile, the utilization rates of the bridge arm converter and the winding are increased.
In a third embodiment, each of the N-phase bridge arms is controlled to sequentially operate until all the bridge arms complete operating, and then a next cycle is started, including:
and controlling a first phase bridge arm in the bridge arm converter to work, switching to the second phase bridge arm to work and detecting the parameter of the second phase bridge arm when detecting that the parameter of the first phase bridge arm meets the preset condition, and circulating to the first phase bridge arm to start working again after switching to the Nth phase bridge arm to work and when the parameter of the Nth phase bridge arm meets the preset condition.
The present embodiment is different from the second embodiment in that: when the parameter of the first phase bridge arm is detected to meet the preset condition, namely the temperature of the first phase bridge arm reaches the upper limit of normal temperature, or the current flowing through the first phase bridge arm reaches the overcurrent protection point of the bridge arm in the bridge arm converter, the first phase bridge arm is switched to the other phase bridge arm to work, and the current working period does not need to be waited for to be completed until each phase bridge arm finishes working.
The technical effects of the embodiment are as follows: in the process of working of each phase of bridge arm of the bridge arm converter, when the abnormal condition of the currently working bridge arm is detected, the bridge arm is switched to work in the other phase, so that the phenomenon that the bridge arm is damaged is avoided, the phenomenon that demagnetization is caused by excessive loss due to the fact that the bridge arm in the bridge arm converter works all the time is avoided, and meanwhile, the utilization rates of the bridge arm converter and a winding are increased.
As an embodiment, the controlling at least one of the N-phase bridge arms to sequentially switch further includes:
and controlling each two-phase bridge arm in the N-phase bridge arms to work in sequence.
And the control of each two-phase bridge arm in the N-phase bridge arms to sequentially switch indicates that each two-phase bridge arm in the N-phase bridge arms works in turn until all the bridge arms work once, and the starting of the next cycle means that after all the bridge arms finish working, the two-phase bridge arms are controlled to restart working, wherein the working sequence of the two-phase bridge arms in the new cycle can be the same as or different from the working sequence of the single-phase bridge arm in the previous cycle, and the working time of the two-phase bridge arms can be a preset working period or can be switched according to the conditions met by the device.
Furthermore, each two-phase bridge arm in the N-phase bridge arms forms a pair of bridge arm work groups, wherein the N-phase bridge arms compriseFor the bridge arm working group, controlling two phase bridge arms in the N phase bridge arms to be switched in sequence, comprising the following steps:
control ofAnd sequentially working each pair of the bridge arm working groups until all the bridge arms finish working, and starting the next cycle.
Wherein N-phase bridge arms are divided intoFor the bridge arm work group, controlling in N-phase bridge armSwitching the working groups of the bridge arms in sequence until all the bridge arms work once, and controlling the bridge arms after all the bridge arms finish workingAnd restarting the operation of the bridge arm working group.
The specific implementation modes for controlling each two-phase bridge arm in the bridge arm converter to work in sequence comprise the following implementation modes:
first embodiment, controlSequentially working each pair of the bridge arm working groups until all bridge arms finish working, and starting the next cycle, wherein the cycle comprises the following steps:
after a first pair of bridge arm working groups in the bridge arm converter are controlled to work for a preset working period, switching a second pair of bridge arm working groups to work for the preset working period until the first pair of bridge arm working groups is switched to the second pair of bridge arm working groupsAnd circulating to the first pair of bridge arm working groups to start working again after the bridge arm working groups work for a preset period.
The working period is the switching period of a switching tube in the bridge arm converter, one phase of bridge arm comprises an upper bridge arm and a lower bridge arm, the conducting duration of the upper bridge arm and the conducting duration of the lower bridge arm form one switching period, the preset working period refers to a plurality of switching periods set by a user, and after the preset working period of one pair of bridge arm working groups, the other pair of bridge arm working groups are switched to work until the other pair of bridge arm working groups workAnd starting another cycle after each pair of the bridge arm working groups in the bridge arm working groups complete working.
The technical effects of the embodiment are as follows: by controllingAfter working for a preset working period, one pair of the bridge arm working groups in the bridge arm working groups is switched to the other pair of the bridge arm working groups until each pair of the bridge arm working groups finish working, so that the phenomenon of demagnetization caused by excessive loss due to the fact that bridge arms in the bridge arm converter work all the time is avoided, and meanwhile, the utilization rates of the bridge arm converter and windings are increased.
Second embodiment, controlSequentially working each pair of the bridge arm working groups until all bridge arms finish working, and starting the next cycle, wherein the cycle comprises the following steps:
controlling a first pair of bridge arm working groups in the bridge arm converter to work, switching to a second pair of bridge arm working groups to work in the next working period and detecting the parameters of the second pair of bridge arm working groups until the parameters are switched to the second pair of bridge arm working groups when detecting that the parameters of the first pair of bridge arm working groups meet preset conditions in the current working periodWorking on bridge arm working groups and in the second placeAnd circulating to the first pair of bridge arm working groups to restart working after the parameters of the bridge arm working groups meet preset conditions.
Wherein, the parameter of the first pair of bridge arm working groups can be the temperature of two phase bridge arms or the current flowing through each phase bridge arm, when the parameter of the first pair of bridge arm working groups is detected to meet the preset condition, that is, the temperature of any one phase bridge arm in the pair of bridge arm working groups reaches the upper limit of normal temperature, or the current flowing through any one phase bridge arm reaches the overcurrent protection point of the bridge arm in the bridge arm converter, the first pair of bridge arm working groups in the bridge arm converter is controlled to work, when the temperature of any one phase bridge arm in the first pair of bridge arm working groups is detected to reach the upper limit of normal temperature, or the current flowing through any one phase bridge arm in the first pair of bridge arm working groups reaches the overcurrent protection point of the bridge arm in the bridge arm converter, the first pair of bridge arm working groups is switched to work in the second pair of bridge arm working groups in the next working period, and then the temperature of any one phase bridge arm in the second pair of bridge arm working groups is detected to reach the upper limit of normal temperature, or the current flowing through any one phase bridge arm in the second pair of bridge arm working groups, until the N pair of bridge arm working groups are switched to work.
The technical effects of the embodiment are as follows: control ofAnd when the temperature of any one phase of the bridge arm in the pair of bridge arm working groups reaches the upper limit of normal temperature or the current flowing through any one phase of the bridge arm in the pair of bridge arm working groups reaches the overcurrent protection point of the bridge arm in the bridge arm converter, switching to another pair of bridge arm working groups in the next working period until each pair of bridge arm working groups finishes working, so that the phenomenon of demagnetization caused by excessive loss due to the fact that the bridge arm in the bridge arm converter works all the time is avoided, and meanwhile, the utilization rates of the bridge arm converter and the winding are increased.
Third embodiment, controlSequentially working each pair of the bridge arm working groups until all bridge arms finish working, and starting the next cycle, wherein the cycle comprises the following steps:
controlling a first pair of bridge arm working groups in the bridge arm converter to work, switching to a second pair of bridge arm working groups to work and detecting parameters of the second pair of bridge arm working groups when detecting that the parameters of the first pair of bridge arm working groups meet preset conditions until switching to the second pair of bridge arm working groupsWorking on bridge arm working groups and in the second placeAnd circulating to the first pair of bridge arm working groups to restart working after the parameters of the bridge arm working groups meet preset conditions.
The present embodiment is different from the second embodiment in that: when the parameter of a certain phase of bridge arm is detected to meet the preset condition, namely the temperature of any phase of bridge arm in the pair of bridge arm working groups reaches the upper limit of normal temperature, or the current flowing through any phase of bridge arm in the pair of bridge arm working groups reaches the overcurrent protection point of the bridge arm in the bridge arm converter, the other pair of bridge arm working groups is switched to work, and the current working period does not need to be waited for to be completed until each pair of bridge arm working groups complete work.
The technical effects of the embodiment are as follows: in the process that each pair of bridge arm working groups of the bridge arm converter works, when the bridge arm working at present is detected to be abnormal, the bridge arm working groups are switched to work, the phenomenon that the bridge arm is still in a working state when the bridge arm is abnormal and is damaged is avoided, the phenomenon that demagnetization is caused by excessive loss due to the fact that the bridge arm in the bridge arm converter works all the time is avoided, and meanwhile the utilization rates of the bridge arm converter and a winding are increased.
As an embodiment, when N is 3, the bridge arm converter includes a first phase bridge arm, a second phase bridge arm, and a third phase bridge arm, the first phase bridge arm and the second phase bridge arm forming a bridge arm work group;
controlling at least one phase of bridge arm in the bridge arm converter to charge and discharge the battery and the second capacitor, comprising:
and controlling the bridge arm working group and the third phase bridge arm to work alternately so as to charge and discharge the battery and the second capacitor.
Compared with the above embodiments, the present embodiment is different in that the number of switching bridge arms is changed, a two-phase-one phase switching round inspection method is adopted, the two-phase bridge arms are switched to one phase bridge arm and then to the two phase bridge arms, and the operating time of each group of bridge arms can be a preset operating period or can be switched according to the conditions met by the device.
Further, controlling the bridge arm work group and the third phase bridge arm to work alternately comprises:
and controlling the work of the bridge arm work groups, switching to a third phase bridge arm work in the next work period when the temperature of at least one phase of bridge arm in the bridge arm work groups is detected to reach the preset temperature, and switching to the work of the bridge arm work groups again when the temperatures of the first phase of bridge arm and the second phase of bridge arm are detected to be restored to the normal temperature range.
The technical effects of the embodiment are as follows: when the temperature of any one phase of bridge arm in the bridge arm working group is detected to reach the upper limit of the normal temperature, the bridge arm is switched to the third phase of bridge arm, and when the temperature of the first phase of bridge arm and the temperature of the second phase of bridge arm are detected to be restored to the range of the normal temperature range, the bridge arm working group is switched to work again, so that the round trip work between the bridge arm working group and the third phase of bridge arm is realized, the phenomenon that the bridge arm is still in a working state when abnormal occurs and is damaged is avoided, the phenomenon that the bridge arm in the bridge arm converter works all the time and is excessively lost to cause demagnetization is avoided, and meanwhile, the utilization rate of the bridge arm converter and the winding is increased.
The present embodiment will be described in detail below with reference to specific circuit configurations:
as shown in fig. 7, the energy conversion device includes an arm converter 101, a motor winding 102, a bus capacitor C1, an energy storage capacitor C2, a switch K1, a switch K2, a switch K3, a switch K4, and a resistor R, wherein a positive electrode of the battery 103 is connected to a first end of the resistor R and a first end of the switch K2, a second end of the resistor R is connected to a first end of the switch K3, a second end of the switch K3 is connected to a second end of the switch K2 and a first bus end of the arm converter 101, midpoints of three paths of the arm converter 101 are respectively connected to three-phase windings of the motor winding 102, a connection point of the three-phase windings of the motor winding is connected to a first end of the switch K1, a second end of the switch K1 is connected to a first end of the energy storage capacitor C2, and a second end of the energy storage capacitor C2 is connected to a second bus end of the arm converter 101, a second end of the bus capacitor C1 and a second end of the switch K4.
Wherein, the bridge arm converter 101 comprises a first power switch unit, a second power switch unit, a third power switch unit, a fourth power switch unit, a fifth power switch unit and a sixth power switch unit, the first power switch unit and the fourth power switch unit form a first phase bridge arm, the third power switch unit and the sixth power switch unit form a second phase bridge arm, the fifth power switch unit and the second power switch unit form a third phase bridge arm, one end of the first power switch unit, one end of the third power switch unit and one end of the fifth power switch unit are connected in common and form a first junction end of the bridge arm converter 101, one end of the second power switch unit, one end of the fourth power switch unit and one end of the sixth power switch unit are connected in common and form a second junction end of the bridge arm converter 101, a first phase winding of the motor winding 102 is connected with a midpoint of the first phase bridge arm, a second phase winding of the motor winding 102 is connected to the midpoint of the second phase leg and a third phase winding of the motor winding 102 is connected to the midpoint of the third phase leg.
The first power switch unit in the bridge arm converter 101 comprises a first upper bridge arm VT1 and a first upper bridge diode VD1, the second power switch unit comprises a second lower bridge arm VT2 and a second lower bridge diode VD2, the third power switch unit comprises a third upper bridge arm VT3 and a third upper bridge diode VD3, the fourth power switch unit comprises a fourth lower bridge arm VT4 and a fourth lower bridge diode VD4, the fifth power switch unit comprises a fifth upper bridge arm VT5 and a fifth upper bridge diode VD5, the sixth power switch unit comprises a sixth lower bridge arm VT6 and a sixth lower bridge diode VD6, the three-phase alternating current motor is a three-phase four-wire system, can be a permanent magnet synchronous motor or an asynchronous motor, and a neutral line is led out from a midpoint of a three-phase winding connection.
When the vehicle enters a heating mode, the first phase arm is controlled to start to work, and charging and discharging between the battery 103 and the energy storage capacitor C2 are started, and the method comprises the following steps:
the first stage is the work of a discharge energy storage loop: as shown in fig. 8, when the upper arm of the first phase arm of the arm converter 101 is turned on, the current flowing from the positive electrode of the battery 103 passes through the switch K2, then flows back to the negative electrode of the battery 103 through the first upper arm VT1 of the first phase arm of the arm converter 101, the motor winding 102, the switch K1, and the energy storage capacitor C2, and the current increases continuously, and in the process, the battery 103 discharges to the outside, so that the voltage of the energy storage capacitor C2 increases continuously.
The second stage is the work of the discharging and energy releasing circuit: as shown in fig. 9, the upper arm of the first-phase arm of the arm converter 101 is disconnected, the lower arm is closed, the current flows out from the connection point of the motor winding 102, flows to the anode of the energy storage capacitor C2 through the switch K1, and then flows back to the motor winding 102 through the fourth lower diode VD4 of the first-phase arm of the arm converter 101, the current is continuously reduced, the voltage of the energy storage capacitor C2 is continuously increased, and when the current is reduced to zero, the voltage of the energy storage capacitor C2 reaches the maximum value.
The third stage is the work of the charging energy storage loop: as shown in fig. 10, the lower arm of the first phase arm of the arm converter 101 is controlled to be on, and the current flows out from the energy storage capacitor C2, passes through the motor winding 102 and the fourth lower arm VT4 of the first phase arm of the arm converter 101, and flows to the negative electrode of the energy storage capacitor C2.
The fourth stage is that the charging and energy-releasing circuit works: as shown in fig. 11, the upper arm of the first phase arm of the arm converter 101 is turned on, and the current flows out from the positive electrode of the energy storage capacitor C2 and the motor winding 102, passes through the first upper bridge diode VD1 and the second switch K2 of the first phase arm of the arm converter 101, flows to the positive electrode of the battery 103, and finally flows back to the negative electrode of the energy storage capacitor C2.
When the first-phase bridge arm works for a preset working period, or the working temperature of the first-phase bridge arm reaches the upper limit of normal temperature or the current flowing through the first-phase bridge arm reaches an overcurrent protection point of a bridge arm in the bridge arm converter, the second-phase bridge arm works by switching, and charging and discharging are started between the battery 103 and the energy storage capacitor C2, wherein the charging and discharging method comprises the following steps:
the first stage is the work of a discharge energy storage loop: as shown in fig. 12, when the upper arm of the second phase arm of the arm converter 101 is turned on, after passing through the switch K2, the current flowing from the positive electrode of the battery 103 flows back to the negative electrode of the battery 103 through the third upper arm VT3 of the second phase arm of the arm converter 101, the motor winding 102, the switch K1, and the energy storage capacitor C2, and the current increases continuously, and in this process, the battery 103 discharges to the outside, so that the voltage of the energy storage capacitor C2 increases continuously.
The second stage is the work of the discharging and energy releasing circuit: as shown in fig. 13, the upper arm of the second phase arm of the arm converter 101 is disconnected, the lower arm is closed, the current flows out from the connection point of the motor winding 102, passes through the switch K1, flows to the anode of the energy storage capacitor C2, then flows back to the motor winding 102 through the fourth lower diode VD4 of the second phase arm of the arm converter 101, the current is continuously reduced, the voltage of the energy storage capacitor C2 is continuously increased, and when the current is reduced to zero, the voltage of the energy storage capacitor C2 reaches the maximum value.
The third stage is the work of the charging energy storage loop: as shown in fig. 14, the lower arm of the second phase arm of the arm converter 101 is controlled to be on, and the current flows out from the energy storage capacitor C2, passes through the motor winding 102 and the sixth lower arm VT6 of the second phase arm of the arm converter 101, and flows to the negative electrode of the energy storage capacitor C2.
The fourth stage is that the charging and energy-releasing circuit works: as shown in fig. 15, the upper arm of the second phase arm of the arm converter 101 is turned on, and the current flows out from the positive electrode of the energy storage capacitor C2 and the motor winding 102, passes through the third upper bridge diode VD3 of the second phase arm of the arm converter 101, flows to the positive electrode of the battery 103, and finally flows back to the negative electrode of the energy storage capacitor C2.
When the second phase bridge arm works for a preset working period, or the working temperature of the second phase bridge arm reaches the upper limit of normal temperature or the current flowing through the second phase bridge arm reaches the overcurrent protection point of the bridge arm in the bridge arm converter, the third phase bridge arm is switched to work, and charging and discharging are started between the battery 103 and the energy storage capacitor C2, wherein the charging and discharging method comprises the following steps:
the first stage is the work of a discharge energy storage loop: as shown in fig. 16, when the third phase arm of the arm converter 101 is turned on, after passing through the switch K2, the current flowing from the positive electrode of the battery 103 flows back to the negative electrode of the battery 103 through the fifth upper arm VT5 of the third phase arm of the arm converter 101, the motor winding 102, the switch K1, and the energy storage capacitor C2, and the current increases continuously, and in the process, the battery 103 discharges to the outside, so that the voltage of the energy storage capacitor C2 increases continuously.
The second stage is the work of the discharging and energy releasing circuit: as shown in fig. 17, the upper arm of the third phase arm of the arm converter 101 is disconnected, the lower arm is closed, the current flows out from the connection point of the motor winding 102, passes through the switch K1, flows to the anode of the energy storage capacitor C2, then flows back to the motor winding 102 through the second lower diode VD2 of the third phase arm of the arm converter 101, the current is continuously reduced, the voltage of the energy storage capacitor C2 is continuously increased, and when the current is reduced to zero, the voltage of the energy storage capacitor C2 reaches the maximum value.
The third stage is the work of the charging energy storage loop: as shown in fig. 18, the lower arm of the third phase arm of the arm converter 101 is controlled to be on, and the current flows out from the energy storage capacitor C2, passes through the motor winding 102 and the second lower arm VT2 of the third phase arm of the arm converter 101, and flows to the negative electrode of the energy storage capacitor C2.
The fourth stage is that the charging and energy-releasing circuit works: as shown in fig. 19, the upper arm of the third phase arm of the arm converter 101 is turned on, and the current flows out from the positive electrode of the energy storage capacitor C2 and the motor winding 102, passes through the first upper bridge diode VD1 of the third phase arm of the arm converter 101, flows to the positive electrode of the battery 103, and finally flows back to the negative electrode of the energy storage capacitor C2.
An embodiment of the present invention provides an energy conversion apparatus, including:
the bridge arm converter, the motor winding and the energy storage element are connected with the battery to form a battery heating circuit;
the energy conversion device further comprises a control module configured to:
acquiring a vehicle state;
and when the vehicle state is in a heating mode, controlling at least one phase of bridge arm in the bridge arm converter to charge and discharge the battery and the energy storage element so as to realize self-heating of the battery.
The specific control method of the controller may refer to the above control method, and is not described herein again.
The bridge arm converter comprises an N-phase bridge arm, the motor winding comprises N-phase windings, and the N-phase bridge arm is connected with the N-phase windings in a one-to-one correspondence mode.
In one embodiment, the bridge arm inverter, the motor winding, the energy storage element, and a battery are connected to form a battery heating circuit, which specifically includes: the first ends of the N-phase bridge arms are connected in common to form a first confluence end, the first confluence end is connected with the first end of the energy storage element, the second ends of the N-phase bridge arms are connected in common to form a second confluence end, the second confluence end is connected with the second end of the energy storage element, the first ends of the N-phase windings are respectively connected to the middle points of the N-phase bridge arms in a one-to-one correspondence mode, the second ends of the N-phase windings are connected to the positive electrode of the battery, and the negative electrode of the battery is connected to the second confluence end.
In another embodiment, the bridge arm converter, the motor winding, the energy storage element, and the battery are connected to form a battery heating circuit specifically including:
the first ends of the N-phase bridge arms are connected in common to form a first bus end, the first bus end is connected with the positive electrode of the battery, the second ends of the N-phase bridge arms are connected in common to form a second bus end, the second bus end is connected with the negative electrode of the battery, the first ends of the N-phase windings are respectively connected to the middle points of the N-phase bridge arms in a one-to-one correspondence mode, the second ends of the N-phase windings are connected to the first ends of the energy storage elements, and the second ends of the energy storage elements are connected to the second bus end.
The third embodiment of the application provides a vehicle, which comprises the energy conversion device of the second embodiment.
The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present application, and not to limit the same; although the present application has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it should be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments may still be modified, or some technical features may be equivalently replaced; such modifications and substitutions do not substantially depart from the spirit and scope of the embodiments of the present application and are intended to be included within the scope of the present application.
Claims (17)
1. A control method of an energy conversion apparatus, characterized in that the energy conversion apparatus includes:
the bridge arm converter, the motor winding and the energy storage element are connected with a battery to form a battery heating circuit;
the control method comprises the following steps:
acquiring a vehicle state;
and when the vehicle state is in a heating mode, controlling at least one phase of bridge arm in the bridge arm converter to charge and discharge the battery and the energy storage element so as to realize self-heating of the battery.
2. The control method according to claim 1, wherein the bridge arm converter includes an N-phase bridge arm, the motor winding includes an N-phase winding, the N-phase bridge arm is connected to the N-phase winding in a one-to-one correspondence, and the controlling at least one phase bridge arm in the bridge arm converter to charge and discharge the battery and the energy storage element includes:
and controlling at least one of the N-phase bridge arms to be sequentially switched so as to charge and discharge the battery and the energy storage element.
3. The control method according to claim 2, wherein the controlling of at least one of the N-phase bridge arms to switch in sequence comprises:
and controlling each phase of the N-phase bridge arms to work in sequence, and starting the next cycle until all the bridge arms finish working.
4. The control method according to claim 3, wherein the controlling each of the N-phase bridge arms to operate in sequence until all the bridge arms complete operating, and then starting a next cycle comprises:
and after controlling a first-phase bridge arm in the bridge arm converter to work for a preset working period, switching a second-phase bridge arm to work for the preset working period until the second-phase bridge arm is switched to the Nth-phase bridge arm to work for the preset working period, and circulating to the first-phase bridge arm to start working again.
5. The control method according to claim 3, wherein the controlling each of the N-phase bridge arms to operate in sequence until all the bridge arms complete operating, and then starting a next cycle comprises:
and controlling a first-phase bridge arm in the bridge arm converter to work, switching to work of a second-phase bridge arm in the next working period and detecting the parameter of the second-phase bridge arm when detecting that the parameter of the first-phase bridge arm meets a preset condition in the current working period, and circulating to the first-phase bridge arm to start working again after switching to work of an Nth-phase bridge arm and when the parameter of the Nth-phase bridge arm meets the preset condition.
6. The control method according to claim 3, wherein the controlling each of the N-phase bridge arms to operate in sequence until all the bridge arms complete operating, and then starting a next cycle comprises:
and controlling a first phase bridge arm in the bridge arm converter to work, switching to a second phase bridge arm to work and detecting the parameter of the second phase bridge arm when detecting that the parameter of the first phase bridge arm meets a preset condition, and circulating to the first phase bridge arm to start working again after switching to an Nth phase bridge arm to work and when the parameter of the Nth phase bridge arm meets the preset condition.
7. The control method according to claim 2, wherein the controlling of at least one of the N-phase bridge arms to switch in sequence further comprises:
and controlling each two-phase bridge arm in the N-phase bridge arms to work in sequence until all the bridge arms finish working, and starting the next cycle.
8. The control method of claim 7, wherein each two-phase leg of the N-phase legs forms a pair of leg work groups, wherein the N-phase legs compriseFor the bridge arm work group, controlling each two-phase bridge arm in the N-phase bridge arms to switch in sequence until all the bridge arms finish work, and starting the next cycle, wherein the cycle comprises the following steps:
9. The control method according to claim 8, characterized in that the controlling the control of the control unitSequentially working each pair of the bridge arm working groups until all bridge arms finish working, and starting the next cycle, wherein the cycle comprises the following steps:
after a first pair of bridge arm working groups in the bridge arm converter are controlled to work for a preset working period, switching a second pair of bridge arm working groups to work for the preset working period until the first pair of bridge arm working groups is switched to the second pair of bridge arm working groupsAnd circulating to the first pair of bridge arm working groups to start working again after the bridge arm working groups work for a preset period.
10. Such as rightThe control method according to claim 8, wherein said controlling saidSequentially working each pair of the bridge arm working groups until all bridge arms finish working, and starting the next cycle, wherein the cycle comprises the following steps:
controlling a first pair of bridge arm working groups in the bridge arm converter to work, switching to a second pair of bridge arm working groups to work in the next working period and detecting the parameters of the second pair of bridge arm working groups until the parameters are switched to the second pair of bridge arm working groups when detecting that the parameters of the first pair of bridge arm working groups meet preset conditions in the current working periodWorking on the bridge arm working group and working on the secondAnd circulating to the first pair of bridge arm working groups to restart working after the parameters of the bridge arm working groups meet preset conditions.
11. The control method according to claim 8, characterized in that the controlling the control of the control unitSequentially working each pair of the bridge arm working groups until all bridge arms finish working, and starting the next cycle, wherein the cycle comprises the following steps:
controlling a first pair of bridge arm working groups in the bridge arm converter to work, switching to a second pair of bridge arm working groups to work and detecting parameters of a second phase of bridge arm working groups when detecting that the parameters of the first pair of bridge arm working groups meet preset conditions until switching to the second phase of bridge arm working groupsWorking on the bridge arm working group and working on the secondAnd circulating to the first pair of bridge arm working groups to restart working after the parameters of the bridge arm working groups meet preset conditions.
12. The control method according to claim 2, wherein when N is 3, the bridge arm converter comprises a first phase bridge arm, a second phase bridge arm and a third phase bridge arm, the first phase bridge arm and the second phase bridge arm forming a bridge arm active set;
the controlling of at least one of the N-phase bridge arms to switch in sequence to charge and discharge the battery and the energy storage element includes:
and controlling the bridge arm working group and the third phase bridge arm to work alternately so as to charge and discharge the battery and the second capacitor.
13. The control method according to claim 12, wherein said controlling said active set of legs and said third leg to operate alternately comprises:
and controlling the work of the bridge arm work groups, switching to a third phase bridge arm work in the next work period when detecting that the temperature of at least one phase of bridge arm in the bridge arm work groups reaches a preset temperature, and switching to the work of the bridge arm work groups again when detecting that the temperatures of the first phase of bridge arm and the second phase of bridge arm are restored to a normal temperature range.
14. The control method according to claim 2, wherein the bridge arm converter, the motor winding, the energy storage element and the battery are connected to form a battery heating circuit, and the control method specifically comprises: the first ends of the N-phase bridge arms are connected in common to form a first confluence end, the first confluence end is connected with the first end of the energy storage element, the second ends of the N-phase bridge arms are connected in common to form a second confluence end, the second confluence end is connected with the second end of the energy storage element, the first ends of the N-phase windings are respectively connected to the middle points of the N-phase bridge arms in a one-to-one correspondence mode, the second ends of the N-phase windings are connected to the positive electrode of the battery, and the negative electrode of the battery is connected to the second confluence end.
15. The control method according to claim 2, wherein the bridge arm converter, the motor winding, the energy storage element and the battery are connected to form a battery heating circuit, and the control method specifically comprises:
the first ends of the N-phase bridge arms are connected in common to form a first bus end, the first bus end is connected with the positive electrode of the battery, the second ends of the N-phase bridge arms are connected in common to form a second bus end, the second bus end is connected with the negative electrode of the battery, the first ends of the N-phase windings are respectively connected to the middle points of the N-phase bridge arms in a one-to-one correspondence mode, the second ends of the N-phase windings are connected to the first ends of the energy storage elements, and the second ends of the energy storage elements are connected to the second bus end.
16. An energy conversion device, characterized in that the energy conversion device comprises:
the bridge arm converter, the motor winding and the energy storage element are connected with a battery to form a battery heating circuit;
the energy conversion device further comprises a control module configured to:
acquiring a vehicle state;
and when the vehicle state is in a heating mode, controlling at least one phase of bridge arm in the bridge arm converter to charge and discharge the battery and the energy storage element so as to realize self-heating of the battery.
17. A vehicle characterized by comprising the energy conversion apparatus of claim 16.
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