CN112224034B - Energy conversion device and vehicle - Google Patents
Energy conversion device and vehicle Download PDFInfo
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- CN112224034B CN112224034B CN201910582136.0A CN201910582136A CN112224034B CN 112224034 B CN112224034 B CN 112224034B CN 201910582136 A CN201910582136 A CN 201910582136A CN 112224034 B CN112224034 B CN 112224034B
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L15/00—Methods, circuits, or devices for controlling the traction-motor speed of electrically-propelled vehicles
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L58/00—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles
- B60L58/10—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L58/00—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles
- B60L58/10—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries
- B60L58/24—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries for controlling the temperature of batteries
- B60L58/27—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries for controlling the temperature of batteries by heating
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
- Y02T10/70—Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries
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- Electric Propulsion And Braking For Vehicles (AREA)
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Abstract
The application provides an energy conversion device and a vehicle, the energy conversion device comprises a motor coil of a motor, a bridge arm converter, a bus capacitor connected with the bridge arm converter in parallel and a controller connected with the bridge arm converter, the controller controls the bridge arm converter to enable electric energy of an external power supply or an external battery connected with an external charging and discharging port to flow to a driving and heating circuit according to the driving power of the motor and the heating power of the motor coil, and adjusts the current of the driving and heating circuit to enable the external power supply or the external battery to drive the motor to work and enable the motor coil to consume electricity to generate heat at the same time, the application only needs to control the bridge arm converter to further adjust the current flowing to the driving and heating circuit from the external power supply or the external battery, namely the motor coil consumes electricity to generate heat while the external power supply or the external battery drives the motor to work, the problem of prior art exist motor control system overall structure complicacy, integrated level low, bulky and with high costs is solved.
Description
Technical Field
The application relates to the technical field of vehicles, in particular to an energy conversion device and a vehicle.
Background
In recent years, with the continuous development of electric vehicle technology, the market acceptance of electric vehicles is continuously improved, and battery charging and motor driving are widely concerned as core technologies in electric vehicles. At present, a battery heating circuit and a motor driving circuit in the existing electric automobile on the market are separated, the heating circuit is used for heating the battery of the electric automobile, the motor driving circuit is used for driving the motor of the electric automobile, and the two circuits are mutually independent and independent.
However, although the heating and motor driving processes of the electric vehicle can be completed by using two circuits respectively, the two circuits in the above method are independent of each other, so that the control circuit including the heating circuit and the motor driving circuit has a complicated structure, a low integration level, a large volume and a high cost.
In summary, the prior art has the problems of complex overall circuit structure, low integration level, large volume and high cost of the motor control system.
Disclosure of Invention
The application aims to provide an energy conversion device and a vehicle, and aims to solve the problems that in the prior art, a motor driving and charging system is complex in overall structure, low in integration level, large in size and high in cost.
The energy conversion device comprises a motor coil of a motor, a bridge arm converter, a bus capacitor connected with the bridge arm converter in parallel and a controller connected with the bridge arm converter;
the bridge arm converter is connected with the motor coil;
the motor coil, the bus capacitor and the bridge arm converter are all connected with an external charging and discharging port, and the bus capacitor is connected with an external battery in parallel;
the external charging and discharging port, the motor coil, the bridge arm converter, the bus capacitor and the battery form a driving and heating circuit;
when the energy conversion device is connected with an external power supply through the external charging and discharging port, the controller controls the bridge arm converter to enable electric energy of the external power supply to flow to the driving and heating circuit according to the power to be driven of the motor and the power to be charged of the external battery, and adjusts the current of the driving and heating circuit, so that the motor outputs driving power and enables the motor coil to consume power to generate heat.
A second aspect of the present application provides an energy conversion apparatus comprising:
a motor;
the vehicle-mounted charging module comprises a charging connection end group, and the charging connection end group comprises a first charging connection end and a second charging connection end;
the motor control module comprises a bridge arm converter, and the bridge arm converter is connected with a motor coil of the motor;
the energy storage module comprises a bus capacitor and an energy storage connecting end group which are connected in parallel, the bus capacitor is connected with the bridge arm converter in parallel, and the energy storage connecting end group comprises a first energy storage connecting end and a second energy storage connecting end;
a controller connected to the bridge arm converter;
the motor coil, the bridge arm converter and the bus capacitor form a driving and heating circuit;
the controller controls the bridge arm converter to enable external electric energy to flow to the driving and heating circuit according to the power to be driven of the motor and the power to be charged of the external battery, and adjusts the current of the driving and heating circuit, so that the motor outputs driving power and enables the motor coil to actively consume power and generate heat to heat the battery.
A third aspect of the present application provides a vehicle further including the energy conversion apparatus provided in the first aspect or the energy conversion apparatus provided in the second aspect.
The application provides an energy conversion device and a vehicle, the energy conversion device comprises a motor coil of a motor, a bridge arm converter, a bus capacitor connected with the bridge arm converter in parallel and a controller connected with the bridge arm converter, the motor coil, the bridge arm converter and the bus capacitor form a driving and heating circuit, when the energy conversion device is connected to an external power supply, the power to be driven of the motor and the power to be heated of the motor coil control the bridge arm converter to enable the electric energy of the external power supply to flow to the driving and heating circuit and adjust the current of the driving and heating circuit, so that the external power supply drives the motor to output the driving power and simultaneously charge a battery, the energy conversion device is provided with the motor coil, the bridge arm converter and the bus capacitor to form the driving and heating circuit, and only the bridge arm converter needs to be controlled to adjust the current flowing to the driving and heating circuit from the external power supply, the motor coil can be used for generating heat when the external power supply drives the motor to output driving power, and further the motor driving and battery charging of a vehicle are realized by adopting the same system, the multiplexing degree of components is high, the system integration level is high, the structure is simple, the system cost is reduced, the system volume is reduced, and the problems of complex overall structure, low integration level, large volume and high cost of the existing motor control system are solved.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application, the drawings needed to be used in the embodiments or the prior art descriptions will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present application, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art to obtain other drawings based on these drawings without inventive exercise.
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an energy conversion device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;
fig. 2 is a circuit diagram of an energy conversion device according to an embodiment of the present application;
fig. 3 is another circuit diagram of an energy conversion device according to an embodiment of the present application;
fig. 4 is another schematic structural diagram of an energy conversion device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;
FIG. 5 is a current waveform diagram of a driving and heating circuit of an energy conversion device according to an embodiment of the present application;
fig. 6 is another schematic structural diagram of an energy conversion device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;
fig. 7 is a current flow diagram of a dc power supply of an energy conversion device according to an embodiment of the present application;
fig. 8 is another current flow diagram of a dc power supply of an energy conversion device according to an embodiment of the present application;
fig. 9 is another current flow diagram of a dc power supply of an energy conversion device according to an embodiment of the present application;
fig. 10 is another current flow diagram of a dc power supply of an energy conversion device according to an embodiment of the present application;
fig. 11 is a current flow diagram of an ac power supply of an energy conversion device according to an embodiment of the present application;
fig. 12 is another current flow diagram of an ac power supply of an energy conversion device according to an embodiment of the present application;
fig. 13 is another current flow diagram of an ac power supply of an energy conversion device according to an embodiment of the present application;
fig. 14 is another current flow diagram of an ac power supply of an energy conversion device according to an embodiment of the present application;
fig. 15 is another current flow diagram of a battery power supply of an energy conversion device according to an embodiment of the present application;
fig. 16 is another current flow diagram of a battery power supply of an energy conversion device provided in an embodiment of the present application;
fig. 17 is another current flow diagram of a battery power supply of an energy conversion device according to an embodiment of the present application;
fig. 18 is another current flow diagram of a battery power supply of an energy conversion device provided in an embodiment of the present application;
fig. 19 is a schematic structural diagram of an energy conversion device according to a second embodiment of the present application;
fig. 20 is a schematic structural diagram of a vehicle according to a third embodiment of the present application.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present application more apparent, the present application is described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the present application and are not intended to limit the present application.
In order to explain the technical means of the present application, the following description will be given by way of specific examples.
An energy conversion device according to an embodiment of the present application is provided, as shown in fig. 1, and includes a motor coil of a motor 101, a bridge arm converter 102, a bus capacitor 103 connected in parallel with the bridge arm converter 102, and a controller 104 connected to the bridge arm converter 102;
the bridge arm converter 102 is connected with the motor coil;
the motor coil, the bus capacitor 103 and the bridge arm converter 102 are all connected with an external charging and discharging port 106, and the bus capacitor 103 is connected with an external battery 105 in parallel;
the motor coil, the bridge arm converter 102, the bus capacitor 103 and the formed driving and heating circuit;
the controller 104 controls the bridge arm converter 102 to make the electric energy of the external power supply flow to the driving and heating circuit according to the power to be driven of the motor and the power to be heated of the motor coil, and adjusts the current of the driving and heating circuit, so that the external power supply drives the motor to output the driving power and simultaneously make the motor coil consume power to generate heat.
The motor 101 may be a synchronous motor (including a brushless synchronous motor) or an asynchronous motor, the number of phases of the motor 101 is greater than or equal to 3 (such as a three-phase motor, a five-phase motor, a six-phase motor, a nine-phase motor, a fifteen-phase motor, and the like), a connection point of a motor coil forms a pole leading-out neutral line to be connected with an external power supply, the number of motor poles is a common divisor of the number of poles, the number of specific motor poles depends on a winding parallel structure inside the motor, and the number of leading-out neutral lines and the number of parallel poles of the neutral lines inside the motor are determined by the use condition of an actual scheme; the bridge arm converter 102 comprises bridge arms connected in parallel in multiple phases, the number of the bridge arms in the bridge arm converter 102 is configured according to the phase number of the motor, each phase of the bridge arm comprises two power switch units, the power switch units can be transistor, IGBT, MOSFET, SIC and other device types, the connection point of the two power switch units in the bridge arms is connected with a phase coil in the motor, and the power switch units in the bridge arm converter 102 can be switched on and off according to a control signal of the controller 104; the external power supply can be power supply equipment for providing direct current, the power supply equipment can be direct current provided by a direct current charging pile, direct current output by a single-phase and three-phase alternating current charging pile after rectification, electric energy generated by a fuel cell, or power supply forms such as a range extender such as a power generator driven by the rotation of an engine, direct current rectified by a generator arm converter and the like.
The controller 104 controls the bridge arm converter 102 to enable the electric energy of the external power source or the external battery 105 to flow to the driving and heating circuit according to the power to be driven of the motor 101 and the power to be heated of the motor coil, which means that the power to be driven of the motor is obtained according to the target driving power of the motor and the current driving power of the motor, and the power to be heated can be obtained by detecting the temperature of the component to be heated through the whole vehicle controller according to the power to be heated of the motor coil, for example, the component to be heated can be a rechargeable battery, the required heating power is calculated according to the current temperature of the battery, the current flowing through the motor coil is adjusted by adjusting the conducting or turning off and conducting time of different power switches in the bridge arm converter 102 according to the power to be driven and the power to be heated, and the current direction of the motor coil is the direction of flowing into each phase coil in the motor or the direction of flowing out of each phase coil in the motor, the magnitude of the current of the motor coil refers to the magnitude of the current flowing into or flowing out of the coil of each phase in the motor, for example, the current flows into the motor coil connected to the a-phase arm in the arm inverter 102, and flows out of the motor 101 from the motor coils connected to the B-phase and C-phase arms in the arm inverter 102, the torque output of the motor 101 can be adjusted by adjusting the magnitude and direction of the current of the coil of each phase in the motor 101, and the sum of the magnitudes of the currents flowing through the motor 101 is equal to the input current of the connection point of the coil of each phase in the motor 101, which can be used to adjust the heating power, and the magnitude and direction of the current of the coil of each phase in the motor 101 can be adjusted to simultaneously control the output torque of the motor 101 driven by the external power supply and to cause the motor coil to consume electricity to generate heat.
The technical effect of the energy conversion device in the embodiment of the application is as follows: the motor coil is arranged in the energy conversion device, the bridge arm converter and the bus capacitor form a driving and heating circuit, the motor coil can generate heat when the external power supply or the external battery drives the motor to output driving power only by controlling the working state of the bridge arm converter and then adjusting the current flowing to the driving and heating circuit from the external power supply or the external battery, and further the motor coil can generate heat when the external power supply or the external battery drives the motor to output driving power.
As one embodiment, the motor comprises x sets of windings, wherein x is more than or equal to 1 and is an integer, and the number of phases of the x set of windings is mxEach phase winding of the x-th set of windings comprises nxA coil branch of n for each phase windingxThe coil branches are connected together to form a phase terminal, n of each phase winding in the x-th set of windingsxOne of the coil branches is also respectively connected with n of other phase windingsxOne of the coil branches is connected to form nxA connection point, wherein nx≥1,mxNot less than 2, and mx,nxIs an integer;
x sets of windings are formed togetherA plurality of connection points, wherein each connection point is provided with a plurality of connection holes,the connecting points form T neutral points, and N neutral lines are led out from the T neutral points, wherein:
x≥1,m x2 or more, range of T:the range of N: t is more than or equal to N and more than or equal to 1, and T, N are integers.
Wherein, as shown in fig. 2, when K is 1, x is 1, m1=M1When 3, the bridge arm converter 102 comprises three bridge arms, the motor 101 comprises three-phase windings, each phase winding comprises a phase coil branch, each phase winding is correspondingly connected with the middle point of one bridge arm, the three-phase windings form a connection point, the connection point is a neutral point, a neutral line led out from the neutral point is connected with an external charging and discharging port 106, two ends of each of three bridge arms are respectively connected in common to form a first bus end and a second bus end, a bus capacitor C1 is connected in parallel between the first bus end and the second bus end, the first end of the bus capacitor C1 is connected with the first end of a switch K1 and the first end of a switch K2, the second end of the bus capacitor C1 is connected with the first end of a switch K3, the second end of the switch K2 is connected with the first end of a resistor R, the second end of the switch K1 is connected with the second end of the resistor R and the positive end of the battery 105, and the second end of the switch K3 is connected with the negative end of the battery 105.
Wherein, as shown in fig. 3, when K is 1, x is 2, m1=3,M1When the bridge arm converter 102 is 6, the bridge arm converter comprises six bridge arms, the motor comprises 2 sets of three-phase windings, each phase winding in each set of three-phase windings comprises a 1-phase coil branch, each phase winding is correspondingly connected with the middle point of one bridge arm, each set of three-phase windings forms a connection point, 2 connection points of the 2 sets of three-phase windings are connected together to form a neutral point, a neutral line is led out from the neutral point and is connected with an external charging and discharging port 106, two ends of each bridge arm in the three bridge arms are respectively connected together to form a first bus end and a second bus end, a bus capacitor C1 is connected in parallel between the first bus end and the second bus end, the first end of the bus capacitor C1 is connected with the first end of a switch K1 and the first end of a switch K2, the second end of the bus capacitor C1 is connected with the first end of a switch K3, the second end of the switch K2 is connected with the first end of a resistor R, the second end of the switch K1 is connected with the second end of the resistor R and the positive end of the battery 105, a second terminal of switch K3 is connected to the negative terminal of battery 105.
In the embodiment, by setting the number of phases of the motor winding and the number of bridge arms of the bridge arm converter, neutral points formed by connecting different numbers of connecting points of the motor winding in parallel are led out to form neutral lines, so that equivalent phase inductances of the motor are different, the neutral points of the motor have different current carrying capacities, and according to the requirement of inductance, a proper number of connecting points are selected to be connected in parallel to form neutral points led out to form neutral lines, so that required inductances are obtained, and the power to be heated and the power to be driven are met.
In one embodiment, controller 104 obtains the time and duration of the bridge arm inverter 102 according to the power to be driven of motor 101 and the power to be heated of the motor coil, and adjusts the current of the driving and heating circuit according to the time and duration of the conduction.
As an embodiment, as shown in fig. 2, taking a three-phase motor as an example, a target voltage of a capacitor C2 on a voltage reduction side is obtained, a current voltage of a battery is obtained, a highest output voltage of a charging pile is obtained by communicating with an external power source (charging pile), the target voltage of the voltage reduction measuring capacitor is a minimum value of the current voltage of a power battery and the highest output voltage of the charging pile, a target input current of the three-phase motor is calculated according to a heating power, a motor torque output value and the target voltage, a driving power is calculated according to the motor torque output value, and the target input current can be calculated according to a formulaCalculating the driving power; n is motor speed, Te is motor torque, P1For driving power, according to the formulaCalculating a target input current, P being the power to be heated, U2Is the target voltage of the buck-side capacitor C2. Calculating a target current of each phase of electricity of the three-phase motor according to the following formula 1, formula 2 and formula 3 according to the motor rotor position, the target input current and the motor torque output value:
equation 2: IA + IB + IC ═ I
Equation 3: p ═ i (IA × IA + IB × IB + IC × IC) × R
Wherein alpha is the rotor electrical angle, IA, IB, IC are the target current of each phase of electricity of the three-phase motor, I is the target input current, Te is the motor torque output value, lambda, rho, Ld,LqThe motor parameters are P, the heating power is P, and the equivalent impedance of the three-phase motor is R.
The target current IA, IB, IC of each phase of the three-phase motor can be obtained according to formula 1, formula 2, and formula 3.
Obtaining the average duty ratio of the three-phase electric control pulse according to the target voltage of the capacitor on the voltage reduction side, the target input current and the voltage of the power battery by the following formula:
equation 4: u shape2=U1×D0-I x R, wherein U2For the target voltage of the buck-side capacitor, U1Is the voltage of the power cell, D0The average duty ratio of the three-phase electric control pulse is shown, I is target input current, and R is equivalent impedance of the three-phase motor.
Wherein, U1×D0The above formula can be obtained by summing the voltage across the three-phase inverter equal to the sum of the voltage drop across the three-phase motor and the target voltage of the capacitor on the voltage reduction side.
Obtaining a first target duty ratio of a control pulse of each phase bridge arm according to the average duty ratio, the target input current, the target current of each phase of electricity and the voltage of the power battery according to the following formula:
wherein, I1Target current for each phase of electricity, R1Equivalent impedance of each phase coil, D1Is the target duty cycle of the control pulse for each phase of the bridge arm.
When the current flowing direction in the winding coil is from the connection point of each phase bridge arm and each phase coil to the voltage reduction side capacitor, each phase bridge arm and each phase coilThe voltage of the connection point of each phase bridge arm and each phase coil is equal to the sum of the voltage drop of the phase coil and the target voltage of the voltage reduction side capacitor, namely U1×D1=R1×I1+U2When the current in the winding coil flows from the voltage reduction side capacitor to the connection point of each phase bridge arm and each phase coil, the voltage of the connection point of each phase bridge arm and each phase coil is less than the voltage of the voltage reduction side capacitor, and the voltage of the connection point of each phase bridge arm and each phase coil is equal to the difference between the target voltage of the voltage reduction side capacitor and the voltage drop on the phase coil, namely U1×D1=U2-R1×I1And combining the formula 4 to obtain a formula 5, namely obtaining the target duty ratio of the control pulse of each phase of bridge arm.
The method comprises the steps of obtaining a current vector position according to a motor torque output value, further obtaining a phase relation of three-phase currents, obtaining the conduction time of a bridge arm converter according to the phase of each phase of current, and obtaining the conduction time of the bridge arm converter according to the target duty ratio of control pulses of each phase of bridge arm.
Compared with the method for independently realizing the heating of the motor coil or the motor driving control, the method for controlling the heating of the motor coil by the bridge arm converter has the advantages that the conduction time of the bridge arm converter is prolonged, and the current flowing to the driving and heating circuit from the external power supply or the external battery is adjusted, so that the external power supply or the external battery can drive the motor to output the driving power and the motor coil to consume electricity to generate heat.
As an embodiment, when the external charging and discharging port is connected with an external power supply and the external power supply is a dc power supply device, the working cycle of the driving and heating circuit includes a first working phase and a second working phase; the motor coil includes a first coil and a second coil, and the arm converter 102 includes a first arm connected to the first coil and a second arm connected to the second coil.
In the first working phase, the controller 104 controls the conduction time and duration of the first bridge arm and the second bridge arm according to the power to be driven of the motor and the power to be heated of the motor coil, so that the electric energy of the dc power supply equipment flows back to the dc power supply equipment after passing through the first coil and the first bridge arm, and meanwhile, the electric energy on the bus capacitor 103 flows back to the bus capacitor 103 after passing through the second bridge arm, the second coil, the first coil and the first bridge arm.
In the second working phase, the controller 104 controls the time and duration of the conduction of the first bridge arm and the second bridge arm, the electric energy of the dc power supply equipment flows through the battery 105 and the bus capacitor 103 after passing through the first coil and the first bridge arm and flows back to the dc power supply equipment, and meanwhile, a circulating current is formed among the second coil, the first bridge arm and the second bridge arm.
In the first working phase, the first coil is a phase coil or at least two connected coils, the first bridge arm is a bridge arm or at least two parallel connected bridge arms, a phase coil in the first coil is connected with a bridge arm in the first bridge arm, the second coil is a phase coil or at least two connected coils, the second bridge arm is a bridge arm or at least two parallel connected bridge arms, a phase coil in the second coil is connected with a bridge arm in the second bridge arm, the difference between the first coil and the second coil is that the current flow directions of the two coils are in opposite states, for example, the first bridge arm of the bridge arm converter 102 is controlled to make the current flow in the first coil in a first direction, the first direction can be from the motor to the bridge arm converter 102, the second bridge arm of the bridge arm converter 102 is controlled to make the current flow in the second coil in a second direction, the second direction may be from the bridge arm inverter 102 to the motor, that is, currents in different directions simultaneously flow in the motor coil in the first working phase, so that control of motor driving and power consumption of the motor coil to generate heat can be realized.
It should be noted that the coils of the first coil and the second coil are not fixed, the first coil and the second coil are changed according to the direction of current, and the power switch of the bridge arm connected to the coils can be selected and controlled, for example, the motor includes a first phase coil L1, a second phase coil L2, and a third phase coil L3, the lower arm of the bridge arm connected to the first phase coil L1 is controlled to be turned on so that the current in the first phase coil L1 flows from the motor coil to the bridge arm inverter 102, the upper arm connected to the second phase coil L2 and the third phase coil L3 is controlled to be turned on so that the current in the second phase coil L2 and the third phase coil L3 flows from the bridge arm inverter 102 to the motor coil, in this case, the first coil is the first phase coil L1, the second coil is the second phase coil L2, and the third phase coil L3, and in the next period, the power switch turned on in the bridge arm is changed, the change of the current direction in the motor coil can be realized by a first phase coil L1 and a second phase coil L2 as the first coil, and a third phase coil L3 as the second coil.
Wherein, in the first working phase, the electric energy of the dc power supply device flows back to the dc power supply device after passing through the first coil and the first bridge arm, so as to store the electric energy of the dc power supply device in the first coil, that is, to realize the driving process of the dc power supply device to the motor and the energy storage process of the motor coil in the heating process, because the current flows through the first coil in the energy storage process, the motor 101 can be driven to operate and the first coil can generate heat, the electric energy on the bus capacitor 103 in the first working phase flows back to the bus capacitor 103 after passing through the second bridge arm, the second coil, the first coil and the first bridge arm, so as to discharge the first coil and the second coil through the bridge arm converter 102, because the first coil and the second coil are connected together, the directions of the currents flowing through the first coil and the second coil are different, it is possible to realize continuous driving of the motor 101 and heat generation of the first coil and the second coil while the dc power supply device stores energy in the first coil.
The first working stage and the second working stage form a cycle, and the cycle is a fixed value, so that the conduction time and the conduction duration of the first bridge arm and the second bridge arm in the second working stage can be directly determined after the conduction time and the conduction duration of the first bridge arm and the second bridge arm in the first working stage are determined.
Wherein, the electric energy of the dc power supply equipment in the second working stage flows through the bus capacitor 103 after passing through the first coil and the first bridge arm and flows back to the dc power supply equipment, so as to charge the bus capacitor 103 by the dc power supply equipment and the first coil, that is, to realize the driving process of the dc power supply equipment to the motor and the follow current charging process in the heating process of the motor coil, the electric energy in the second working stage forms a circulation between the second coil, the first bridge arm and the second bridge arm, so as to make the current in the second coil flow to the first coil, because in the first working process, the current output by the bus capacitor 103 flows through the second coil by the second bridge arm and then flows through the second coil and the first coil, the voltage of the connection point between the second coil and the second bridge arm is increased, because the magnitude relation between the voltage of the capacitor at the charging/discharging port side and the voltage of the connection point between the coil and the second bridge arm determines the current flowing direction, if the voltage at the connection point between the second coil and the second bridge arm is greater than the voltage of the capacitor at the charge/discharge port side, the winding current flows in the direction from the connection point between the second coil and the second bridge arm, so that the current in the second coil flows to the first coil, and since the first coil and the second coil are connected together, the directions of the currents flowing in the first coil and the second coil are different, so that the motor 101 can be driven and the first coil and the second coil can generate heat while the battery 105 and the bus capacitor 103 are charged by the dc power supply device and the first coil.
As shown in fig. 5, which is a waveform diagram of current on a certain phase of the motor 101 during cooperative control of heating and driving, the bridge arm inverter 102 outputs current to the motor end, and the direction of current flowing into the phase winding of the motor is taken as a positive direction, and as can be seen from fig. 5, each phase of current of the motor 101 is superimposed with a negative dc component on the basis of a sine wave; the negative direct current component is the average current of the external power supply flowing into each phase of the motor in each period, the energy output by the external power supply is larger than the energy consumed by driving, and the rest energy is the energy for heating the power consumption of the motor coil.
In this embodiment, the working cycle of the driving and heating circuit is divided into a first working phase and a second working phase, each working phase includes a heating process of power consumption of the motor coil and a driving process of the motor, and currents of the driving and heating circuit in the first working phase and the second working phase are respectively adjusted by controlling the conduction time and duration of the first bridge arm and the second bridge arm, so that a part of energy output by the dc power supply device in the whole working cycle is used for dissipating the power consumption of the motor coil and a part of energy drives the motor, thereby realizing the cooperative work of generating heat by power consumption of the motor coil and driving the motor.
As an embodiment, the working period of the driving and heating circuit is preceded by a starting period of the driving and heating circuit;
the start-up cycle of the drive and heating circuit comprises a first start-up phase and a second start-up phase;
in a first starting stage, the controller 104 controls the conduction time and duration of the first bridge arm and the second bridge arm according to the power to be driven of the motor 101 and the power to be heated of the motor coil, so that the electric energy of the direct current power supply equipment flows back to the direct current power supply equipment after passing through the first coil and the first bridge arm;
in the second starting stage, the controller 104 controls the conduction time and duration of the first bridge arm and the second bridge arm, so that the electric energy of the dc power supply equipment flows through the bus capacitor 103 after passing through the first coil and the first bridge arm and flows back to the dc power supply equipment.
Wherein, the working cycle of the driving and heating circuit also includes a starting cycle before, the starting cycle only works when being powered on, the starting cycle does not work after finishing starting the working cycle, then the working cycle works circularly, the starting cycle charges the bus capacitor 103, the first starting stage in the starting cycle is used for enabling the direct current supply device to store energy for the first coil, the second starting stage enables the direct current supply device and the first coil to charge the bus capacitor 103, so as to ensure that high voltage is formed on the bus at two sides of the bus capacitor 103, when the working cycle starts, the bus capacitor 103 discharges the motor coil through the bridge arm converter 102, then the direct current supply device and the first coil charge the bus capacitor 103, so that the working cycle can work circularly, besides, the first coil in the starting cycle is a part of coils in the motor coil, for example, when the motor 101 is a three-phase motor, the three-phase bridge arm power switches may be selected to control simultaneously, that is, the three-phase upper bridge arm and the three-phase lower bridge arm may be turned off simultaneously in the first start stage, the three-phase upper bridge arm and the three-phase lower bridge arm may be turned on simultaneously in the second start stage, and the three-phase lower bridge arm and the three-phase upper bridge arm may be turned off simultaneously in the second start stage.
In the embodiment, the starting period is set when the direct-current power supply equipment is connected, the bus capacitor is charged through the starting period when the direct-current power supply equipment is started, and the first stage of the working period is started through the bus capacitor when the working period starts, so that the normal starting and the circulating work of the working period are realized.
As an embodiment, as shown in fig. 6, the energy conversion apparatus further includes a bidirectional bridge arm 107, the external charging/discharging port 106 further includes an ac charging port 108, the bidirectional bridge arm 107 is connected in parallel with the bridge arm converter 102, the bidirectional bridge arm 107 is further connected to the controller 104 and the ac charging port, the ac charging port is connected to an ac power supply device, and a working cycle of the driving and heating circuit includes a third working phase and a fourth working phase; the motor coil comprises a first coil and a second coil, and the bridge arm converter comprises a first bridge arm connected with the first coil and a second bridge arm connected with the second coil.
In a third working stage, the controller 104 controls the conduction time and duration of the first bridge arm, the second bridge arm and the bidirectional bridge arm 107 according to the power to be driven of the motor 101 and the power to be heated of the motor coil, so that the electric energy of the alternating current power supply equipment flows back to the alternating current power supply equipment after passing through the first coil, the first bridge arm and the bidirectional bridge arm 107 or the electric energy of the alternating current power supply equipment flows back to the alternating current power supply equipment after passing through the bidirectional bridge arm 107, the second bridge arm and the second coil, and meanwhile, the electric energy on the bus capacitor flows back to the bus capacitor after passing through the second bridge arm, the second coil, the first coil and the first bridge arm;
in the fourth working phase, the controller controls the time and duration of conduction of the first bridge arm, the second bridge arm and the bidirectional bridge arm 107, so that the electric energy of the alternating-current power supply equipment flows back to the alternating-current power supply equipment after flowing through the first coil, the first bridge arm and the bus capacitor and flowing through the bidirectional bridge arm 107, or the electric energy of the alternating-current power supply equipment flows back to the alternating-current power supply equipment after flowing through the bidirectional bridge arm 107, the bus capacitor, the second bridge arm and the second coil, and meanwhile, a circulating current is formed among the second coil, the first bridge arm and the second bridge arm.
In the third working phase, the electric energy of the ac power supply device flows back to the ac power supply device after passing through the first coil, the first bridge arm and the bidirectional bridge arm 107 or the electric energy of the ac power supply device flows back to the ac power supply device after passing through the bidirectional bridge arm 107, the second bridge arm and the second coil, so as to store the electric energy of the ac power supply device in the first coil or the second coil, that is, to realize the driving process of the ac power supply device on the motor and the energy storage process of the motor coil in the heating process, in the energy storage process, because the current passes through the coil, the motor 101 is in the driving state and the heating state, the electric energy on the bus capacitor 103 in the third working phase flows back to the bus capacitor 103 after passing through the second bridge arm, the second coil, the first coil and the first bridge arm, so as to discharge the bus capacitor 103 to the first coil and the second coil through the bridge arm converter 102, because first coil and second coil link together, consequently, the direction of the electric current that flows through is different in first coil and the second coil, can realize driving motor 101 and make first coil and second coil power consumptive heat production when alternating current supply equipment carries out the energy storage to first coil.
The third working stage and the fourth working stage form a cycle, and the cycle is a fixed value, so that the conduction time and the conduction time of the first bridge arm and the second bridge arm in the fourth working stage can be directly determined after the conduction time and the conduction time of the first bridge arm and the second bridge arm in the third working stage are determined.
Wherein, the electric energy of the ac power supply equipment in the fourth working phase flows through the bus capacitor 103 and returns to the ac power supply equipment after passing through the first coil, the first arm and the bidirectional arm 107 or the electric energy of the ac power supply equipment flows back to the ac power supply equipment after passing through the bidirectional arm 107, the bus capacitor 103, the second arm and the second coil, so as to charge the bus capacitor 103 by the ac power supply equipment and the first coil, that is, to realize the follow current charging process in the driving process of the ac power supply equipment on the motor and the heating process of the motor coil, and the follow current charging process also realizes the generation of heat for the driving of the motor 101 and the power consumption of the motor coil because current flows through the motor coil, and the electric energy in the fourth working phase forms a circulating current among the second coil, the first arm and the second arm, so as to make the current in the second coil flow to the first coil, in the first working process, the current output by the bus capacitor 103 flows through the second coil and the first coil through the second bridge arm, so that the voltage at the connection point between the second coil and the second bridge arm is greater than the voltage at the connection point between the first coil and the first bridge arm, and therefore the current in the second coil flows to the first coil.
In the embodiment, the bidirectional bridge arm is arranged in the energy conversion device, so that when the energy conversion device is connected with the alternating-current power supply equipment, the driving power of the driving motor of the alternating-current power supply equipment can be output and the motor coil consumes power to generate heat only by controlling the bridge arm converter and further regulating the current flowing to the driving and heating circuit of the alternating-current power supply equipment.
As an embodiment, the working period of the driving and heating circuit is preceded by a starting period of the driving and heating circuit;
the start-up cycle of the drive and heating circuit includes a third start-up phase and a fourth start-up phase;
in a third starting stage, the controller 104 controls the conduction time and duration of the first bridge arm, the second bridge arm and the bidirectional bridge arm 107 according to the power to be driven of the motor 101 and the power to be heated of the motor coil, so that the electric energy of the alternating current power supply equipment flows back to the alternating current power supply equipment after passing through the first coil, the first bridge arm and the bidirectional bridge arm 107 or the electric energy of the alternating current power supply equipment flows back to the alternating current power supply equipment after passing through the bidirectional bridge arm 107, the second bridge arm and the second coil;
in the fourth starting phase, the controller 104 controls the conduction time and duration of the first bridge arm, the second bridge arm and the bidirectional bridge arm 107, so that the electric energy of the ac power supply equipment flows through the battery and the bus capacitor 103 and flows back to the ac power supply equipment after passing through the first coil, the first bridge arm and the bidirectional bridge arm 107, or the electric energy of the ac power supply equipment flows back to the ac power supply equipment after passing through the bidirectional bridge arm 107, the bus capacitor 103, the second bridge arm and the second coil.
The driving and heating circuit further comprises a starting period before the working period, the starting period is used for charging the bus capacitor 103, the third starting period is used for enabling the alternating current power supply equipment to store energy for the first coil, the fourth starting period enables the alternating current power supply equipment and the first coil to charge the bus capacitor 103, it is guaranteed that high voltage is formed on buses on two sides of the bus capacitor 103, when the working period starts, the bus capacitor 103 discharges a motor coil through the bridge arm converter 102, and then the bus capacitor 103 is charged through the alternating current power supply equipment and the first coil, so that the working period can work circularly.
The following describes the technical solution of the embodiment of the present application in detail through a specific circuit structure:
as shown in fig. 7, the bridge arm converter 102 includes a first power switch unit, a second power switch unit, a third power switch unit, a fourth power switch unit, a fifth power switch and a sixth power switch, a control end of each power switch unit is connected to the controller 104, the first power switch unit and the second power switch unit in the bridge arm converter 102 form a first phase bridge arm, the third power switch unit and the fourth power switch unit form a second phase bridge arm, the fifth power switch unit and the sixth power switch unit form a third phase bridge arm, the first power switch unit includes a first upper bridge arm VT1 and a first upper bridge diode VD1, the second power switch unit includes a second lower bridge arm VT2 and a second lower bridge diode VD2, the third power switch unit includes a third upper bridge arm VT3 and a third upper bridge diode VD3, the fourth power switch unit includes a fourth lower bridge arm 4 and a fourth lower bridge diode 4, the fifth power switch unit comprises a fifth upper bridge arm VT5 and a fifth upper bridge diode VD5, the sixth power switch unit comprises a sixth lower bridge arm VT6 and a sixth lower bridge diode VD6, the first power switch unit, the third power switch unit and the fifth power switch unit are connected together to form a first bus end, the second power switch unit, the fourth power switch unit and the sixth power switch are connected together to form a second bus end, a bus capacitor C1 is connected between the first bus end and the second bus end, a first end of the bus capacitor C1 is connected with a first end of a switch K1 and a first end of a switch K2, a second end of the bus capacitor C1 is connected with a first end of a switch K3, a second end of the switch K2 is connected with a first end of a resistor R, a second end of the switch K1 is connected with a second end of the resistor R and a positive end of the battery 105, a second end of the switch K3 is connected with a negative end of the battery 105, and the motor comprises a first phase coil L1, The direct-current power supply device comprises a second-phase coil L2 and a third-phase coil L3, wherein one end of each phase coil is connected with the neutral point to be connected with the direct-current power supply device, and the other end of each phase coil is connected with the middle point of a phase bridge arm respectively, when the first phase coil is a first-phase coil L1, and the second phase coil comprises a second-phase coil L2 and a third-phase coil L3, the direct-current power supply device, the first-phase coil L1 and a second power switch form a direct-current energy storage loop which is used for heating and driving at the same time, and as an implementation mode, the current flows to the direction that the positive electrode of the direct-current power supply device flows through the first-phase coil L1 and the second lower bridge arm VT2 and returns to the negative electrode of the direct-current power supply device; the direct current power supply device comprises direct current power supply equipment, a first phase coil L1, a first power switch and a bus capacitor C1, wherein a follow current loop is formed, the follow current loop is used for driving and enabling a motor coil to consume electricity to generate heat, and current flows to the direction that the positive electrode of the direct current power supply device flows through the first phase coil L1, a first upper bridge arm VT1 and the bus capacitor C1 and returns to the negative electrode of the direct current power supply device; the bus capacitor C1, the fifth power switch, the third phase coil L3, the second phase coil L2, the first phase coil L1 and the second power switch form a first motor driving circuit, current flows from one end of the bus capacitor C1 through the fifth upper arm VT5, the third phase coil L3, the first phase coil L1 and the second lower arm VT2 to the other end of the bus capacitor C1, and simultaneously current flows from one end of the bus capacitor C1 through the third upper arm VT3, the second phase coil L2, the first phase coil L1 and the second lower arm VT2 to the other end of the bus capacitor C1; a second phase coil L2, a third phase coil L3, a first phase coil L1, a first power switch, a third power switch and a fifth power switch form a second driving circuit of the motor, and circulating currents are respectively formed among the second phase coil L2, the first phase coil L1, a first upper bridge diode VD1 and a third upper bridge arm VT3, the third phase coil L3, the first phase coil L1, a first upper bridge diode VD1 and the fifth upper bridge arm VT5 in the current flow direction; when the first coil is a first-phase coil L1 and a second-phase coil L2, and the second coil is a third-phase coil L3, the dc power supply device, the first-phase coil L1, the second-phase coil L2, the second power switch, and the fourth power switch form a dc energy storage loop, the dc energy storage loop is not only used for heating but also for driving, as an implementation manner, a current flow direction is that a positive electrode of the dc power supply device flows through the first-phase coil L1 and the second lower arm VT2 and returns to a negative electrode of the dc power supply device, and a positive electrode of the dc power supply device flows through the second-phase coil L2 and the fourth lower arm VT4 and returns to the negative electrode of the dc power supply device; the direct-current power supply equipment, the first phase coil L1, the second phase coil L2, the first power switch, the third power switch, the bus capacitor C1 and an external battery form a follow current loop, the follow current loop is used for driving and enabling the motor coil to consume electricity to generate heat, current flows to the direction that the positive pole of the direct-current power supply equipment flows through the first phase coil L1, the first upper bridge arm VT1 and the bus capacitor C1 and returns to the negative pole of the direct-current power supply equipment, and meanwhile, the positive pole of the direct-current power supply equipment flows through the second phase coil L2, the second upper bridge arm VT2 and the bus capacitor C1 and returns to the negative pole of the direct-current power supply equipment; a bus capacitor C1, a fifth power switch, a third-phase coil L3, a first-phase coil L1, a second-phase coil L2, a second power switch and a fourth power switch form a first motor driving circuit, current flows from one end of the bus capacitor C1, flows through a fifth upper bridge arm VT5, a third-phase coil L3, a first-phase coil L1 and a second lower bridge arm VT2 and returns to the other end of the bus capacitor C1, and simultaneously, current flows from one end of a bus capacitor C1, flows through the fifth upper bridge arm VT5, the third-phase coil L3, the second-phase coil L2 and the fourth lower bridge arm VT2 and returns to the other end of the bus capacitor C1; and a third-phase coil L3, a first-phase coil L1, a second-phase coil L2, a first power switch, a third power switch and a fifth power switch form a second driving circuit of the motor, and circulating currents are respectively formed among the third-phase coil L3, the first-phase coil L1, the first upper bridge diode VD1 and the fifth upper bridge arm VT5, and among the third-phase coil L3, the second-phase coil L2, the third upper bridge diode VD3 and the third upper bridge arm VT5 in the current flow direction.
For dc supply, when the first coil is the first phase coil L1, the second coil is the second phase coil L2 and the third phase coil L3, as shown in fig. 7, in the first working phase, the controller 104 controls the conduction time and duration of the first bridge arm and the second bridge arm according to the driving power of the motor and the charging power of the battery, so that the current output by the dc power supply device in the dc energy storage loop flows back to the dc power supply device through the first phase coil L1 and the second power switch in sequence, and meanwhile, the current output by the bus capacitor C1 in the first drive circuit of the motor flows through the fifth power switch, the third-phase coil L3, the second-phase coil L2, the first-phase coil L1 and the second power switch in sequence and flows back to the bus capacitor C1, so that the direct-current energy storage loop and the first drive circuit of the motor work simultaneously, and the direct-current energy storage loop and the first drive circuit of the motor are used for enabling the motor to output drive power and enabling the motor coil to consume power to generate heat.
As shown in fig. 8, in the second operation phase, the controller 104 controls the time and duration of the conduction of the first and second arms, so that the current output by the dc power supply device in the freewheel circuit flows back to the dc power supply device through the first phase coil L1, the first power switch and the bus capacitor C1, and the current output by the second phase coil L2 and the third phase coil L3 in the second driving circuit of the motor flows back to the second phase coil L2 and the third phase coil L3 through the first phase coil L1, the first power switch, the third power switch and the fifth power switch, so that the freewheel circuit and the second driving circuit of the motor operate simultaneously, and the freewheel circuit and the second driving circuit of the motor are used for outputting the driving power and consuming the motor coil to generate heat.
For dc supply, when the first coil is the first phase coil L1 and the second phase coil L2, and the second coil is the third phase coil L3, as shown in fig. 9, in the first working phase, the controller 104 controls the conduction time and duration of the first bridge arm and the second bridge arm according to the driving power of the motor and the charging power of the battery, so that the current output by the dc power supply device in the dc energy storage loop flows back to the dc power supply device through the first phase coil L1, the second phase coil L2, the second power switch and the fourth power switch in sequence, and meanwhile, the current output by the bus capacitor C1 in the first drive circuit of the motor flows through the fifth power switch, the third phase coil L3, the second phase coil L2, the first phase coil L1, the second power switch and the fourth power switch in sequence and flows back to the bus capacitor C1, so that the direct-current energy storage loop and the first drive circuit of the motor work simultaneously, and the direct-current energy storage loop and the first drive circuit of the motor are used for enabling the motor to output drive power and enabling the motor coil to consume power to generate heat.
As shown in fig. 10, in the second operation phase, the controller 104 controls the time and duration of the conduction of the first and second arms, so that the current output by the dc power supply device in the freewheel loop flows through the first phase coil L1, the second phase coil L2, the first power switch, the third power switch, and the bus capacitor C1 to flow back to the dc power supply device, and the current output by the third phase coil L3 in the second driving circuit of the motor flows through the first phase coil L1, the second phase coil L2, the first power switch, the third power switch, and the fifth power switch to flow back to the third phase coil L3, so that the freewheel loop and the second driving circuit of the motor operate simultaneously, and are used for enabling the motor to output driving power and consuming power to the motor coil to generate heat.
As shown in fig. 11, the ac power supply differs from fig. 7 in that: the driving and heating circuit further comprises a bidirectional bridge arm 107, the bidirectional bridge arm 107 comprises a seventh power switch and an eighth power switch, a first end of the seventh power switch is connected to the first bus end of the bridge arm converter 102, a second end of the seventh power switch and a first end of the eighth power switch are connected to one end of an alternating current power supply device, a second end of the eighth power switch is connected to the second bus end of the bridge arm converter 102, when the first coil is a first-phase coil L1 and the second coil comprises a second-phase coil L2 and a third-phase coil L3, the alternating current power supply device, the first-phase coil L1, the second power switch and the eighth power switch form an alternating current energy storage loop, and the alternating current power supply device, the first-phase coil L1, the first power switch and the seventh power switch can also form an alternating current energy storage loop, as an implementation mode, a current flows to the positive pole of the alternating current power supply device to flow through the first-phase coil L1, The second lower bridge arm VT2 and the eighth lower bridge arm VT8 return to the negative electrode of the direct-current power supply equipment; the alternating current power supply equipment, the first phase coil L1, the first power switch, the bus capacitor C1 and the eighth power switch form a follow current loop, the alternating current power supply equipment, the bidirectional bridge arm 107, the bus capacitor, the second bridge arm and the second coil also can form a follow current loop, the follow current loop is not only used for heating but also used for driving, the current flow direction is that the anode of the alternating current power supply equipment flows through the first phase coil L1, the first upper bridge arm VT1, the bus capacitor C1 and the eighth lower bridge diode VD8 and returns to the cathode of the alternating current power supply equipment, or the cathode of the alternating current power supply equipment flows through the eighth lower bridge arm VT8, the bus capacitor C1, the third upper bridge arm VT3 and the second phase coil L2 and returns to the anode of the alternating current power supply equipment, and meanwhile, the cathode of the alternating current power supply equipment flows through the eighth lower bridge arm VT8, the bus capacitor C1, the fifth upper bridge arm VT5 and the third phase coil L3 and returns to the anode of the alternating current power supply equipment; the bus capacitor C1, the fifth power switch, the third phase coil L3, the second phase coil L2, the first phase coil L1 and the second power switch form a third driving circuit of the motor, current flows from one end of the bus capacitor C1 through the fifth upper arm VT5, the third phase coil L3, the first phase coil L1 and the second lower arm VT2 to the other end of the bus capacitor C1, and simultaneously current flows from one end of the bus capacitor C1 through the third upper arm VT3, the second phase coil L2, the first phase coil L1 and the second lower arm VT2 to the other end of the bus capacitor C1; a fourth driving circuit of the motor is formed by the second phase coil L2, the third phase coil L3, the first phase coil L1, the first power switch, the third power switch and the fifth power switch, and circulating currents are respectively formed among the second phase coil L2, the first phase coil L1, the first upper bridge diode VD1 and the third upper bridge arm VT3, the third phase coil L3, the first phase coil L1, the first upper bridge diode VD1 and the fifth upper bridge arm VT5 in the current flow direction; when the first coil is a first-phase coil L1 and a second-phase coil L2, and the second coil is a third-phase coil L3, the alternating-current power supply device, the first-phase coil L1, the second-phase coil L2, the second power switch, the fourth power switch, and the eighth power switch form an alternating-current energy storage loop, the alternating-current energy storage loop is not only used for storing energy but also used for driving and heating a motor coil to consume electricity, as an implementation manner, a current flows to that an anode of the alternating-current power supply device flows through the first-phase coil L1, the second lower arm VT2, the eighth lower arm VT8 and returns to a cathode of the alternating-current power supply device, and at the same time, the anode of the alternating-current power supply device flows through the second-phase coil L2, the fourth lower arm VT4, and the eighth lower arm VT8 and returns to the cathode of the alternating-current power supply device; the alternating-current power supply equipment, the first-phase coil L1, the second-phase coil L2, the first power switch, the third power switch, the bus capacitor 103 and the eighth power switch form a follow-current loop, follow current is used for heating and driving, current flows to the anode of the alternating-current power supply equipment, flows through the first-phase coil L1, the first upper bridge arm VT1, the bus capacitor C1 and the eighth lower bridge diode VD8 and returns to the cathode of the alternating-current power supply equipment, and meanwhile, the anode of the alternating-current power supply equipment flows through the second-phase coil L2, the second upper bridge arm VT2, the bus capacitor C1 and the eighth lower bridge diode VD8 and returns to the cathode of the alternating-current power supply equipment; a bus capacitor C1, a fifth power switch, a third-phase coil L3, a second-phase coil L2, a first-phase coil L1, a second power switch and a fourth power switch form a third driving circuit of the motor, and current flows from one end of the bus capacitor C1, flows through a fifth upper bridge arm VT5, a third-phase coil L3, a first-phase coil L1 and a second lower bridge arm VT2 and returns to the other end of the bus capacitor C1; meanwhile, the current flows from one end of the bus capacitor C1, flows through the fifth upper bridge arm VT5, the third phase coil L3, the second phase coil L2 and the fourth lower bridge arm VT4 and returns to the other end of the bus capacitor C1; and the third-phase coil L3, the first-phase coil L1, the second-phase coil L2, the first power switch, the third power switch and the fifth power switch form a fourth driving circuit of the motor, and circulating currents are respectively formed among the third-phase coil L2, the first-phase coil L1, the first upper bridge diode VD1 and the fifth upper bridge arm VT5, and among the third-phase coil L3, the second-phase coil L2, the third upper bridge diode VD3 and the third upper bridge arm VT5 in the current flowing direction.
When the first coil is the first phase coil L1 and the second coil includes the second phase coil L2 and the third phase coil L3, as shown in fig. 11, in the third working phase, the controller 104 controls the conduction time and duration of the first bridge arm and the second bridge arm according to the driving power of the motor and the charging power of the battery, so that the current output by the ac power supply device in the ac energy storage loop flows back to the ac power supply device through the first phase coil L1, the second power switch and the eighth power switch in sequence, meanwhile, the current output by the bus capacitor 103 in the first drive circuit of the motor flows through the fifth power switch, the third phase coil L3, the second phase coil L2, the first phase coil L1 and the second power switch in sequence and flows back to the bus capacitor 103, so that the alternating-current energy storage loop and the third drive circuit of the motor work simultaneously, and the alternating-current energy storage loop and the third drive circuit of the motor are used for enabling the motor to output drive power and enabling the motor coil to consume power to generate heat.
As shown in fig. 12, in the fourth operation phase, the controller 104 controls the time and duration of the conduction of the first and second bridge arms, so that the current output by the ac power supply device in the freewheeling circuit flows back to the ac power supply device through the first phase coil L1, the first power switch, the bus capacitor 103 and the eighth power switch, and the current output by the second phase coil L2 and the third phase coil L3 in the fourth driving circuit of the motor flows back to the second phase coil L2 and the third phase coil L3 through the first phase coil L1, the first power switch, the third power switch and the fifth power switch, so that the battery charging circuit and the fourth driving circuit of the motor operate simultaneously, and are used for enabling the motor to output driving power and consuming power to generate heat.
When the first coil is the first phase coil L1 and the second phase coil L2, and the second coil is the third phase coil L3, as shown in fig. 13, in the third working phase, the controller 104 controls the conduction time and duration of the first bridge arm and the second bridge arm according to the driving power of the motor and the charging power of the battery, so that the current output by the dc power supply device in the ac energy storage loop flows through the first phase coil L1, the second phase coil L2, the second power switch, the fourth power switch, the eighth power switch in sequence and flows back to the ac power supply device, meanwhile, the current output by the bus capacitor 103 in the third driving circuit of the motor flows through the fifth power switch, the third phase coil L3, the first phase coil L1, the second phase coil L2, the second power switch and the fourth power switch in sequence and flows back to the bus capacitor 103, so that the alternating-current energy storage loop and the third driving circuit of the motor work simultaneously, and the alternating-current energy storage loop and the third driving circuit of the motor are used for enabling the motor to output driving power and enabling the motor coil to consume power to generate heat.
As shown in fig. 14, in the fourth operation stage, the controller 104 controls the time and duration of the conduction of the first and second bridge arms, so that the current output by the ac power supply device in the freewheeling circuit flows back to the ac power supply device through the first phase coil L1, the second phase coil L2, the first power switch, the third power switch, the bus capacitor 103 and the eighth power switch, and the current output by the third phase coil L3 in the fourth driving circuit of the motor flows back to the third phase coil L3 through the first phase coil L1, the second phase coil L2, the first power switch, the third power switch and the fifth power switch, so that the battery charging circuit and the fourth driving circuit of the motor operate simultaneously, and are used for outputting the driving power and consuming power of the motor coil to generate heat.
As an embodiment, when the battery 105 is used as the power supply device, the duty cycle of the driving and heating circuit includes a fifth operating phase and a sixth operating phase; the motor coil includes a first coil and a second coil, and the bridge arm converter 102 includes a first bridge arm connected to the first coil and a second bridge arm connected to the second coil;
in a fifth working phase, the controller 104 controls the conduction time and duration of the first bridge arm and the second bridge arm according to the power to be driven of the motor 101 and the power to be heated of the motor coil, so that the electric energy of the battery 105 flows back to the battery 105 after passing through the second bridge arm, the second coil, the first coil and the first bridge arm;
in the sixth working phase, the controller 104 controls the time and duration of the conduction of the first bridge arm and the second bridge arm, and the electric energy forms a circulating current among the second coil, the first bridge arm and the second bridge arm.
In the fifth working phase, the electric energy of the battery flows back to the battery 105 after passing through the second bridge arm, the second coil, the first coil and the first bridge arm, and is used for storing the electric energy of the battery in the first coil and the second coil, that is, realizing the driving process of the battery on the motor and the energy storage process of the motor coil in the heating process.
The fifth working phase and the sixth working phase form a cycle, and the cycle is a fixed value, so that the conduction time and the conduction time of the first bridge arm and the second bridge arm in the sixth working phase can be directly determined after the conduction time and the conduction time of the first bridge arm and the second bridge arm in the fifth working phase are determined.
Wherein, the electric energy in the sixth working phase forms a circulation current among the second coil, the first bridge arm and the second bridge arm, for making the current in the second coil flow to the first coil, because in the fifth working process, the current output by the battery 105 flows through the second coil through the second bridge arm, and then flows through the second coil and the first coil, so as to raise the voltage of the connection point between the second coil and the second bridge arm, because the relationship between the voltage of the capacitor at the charging and discharging port side and the voltage of the connection point between the coil and the second bridge arm determines the current flow direction, if the voltage of the connection point between the second coil and the second bridge arm is larger than the voltage of the capacitor at the charging and discharging port side, the winding current direction is from the connection point between the second coil and the second bridge arm, therefore, the current in the second coil can flow to the first coil, because the first coil and the second coil are connected together, therefore, the directions of currents flowing in the first coil and the second coil are different, and it is possible to drive the motor 101 and to generate heat in the first coil and the second coil.
The following describes the technical solution of the present embodiment with a specific circuit structure:
when the first coil is the first-phase coil L1 and the second coil includes the second-phase coil L2 and the third-phase coil L3, as shown in fig. 15, in the fifth operating phase, the current flows through the battery 105, the third upper arm VT3, the second-phase coil L2, the first-phase coil L1, and the second lower arm VT2 to return to the battery 105, and at the same time, the current flows through the battery 105, the fifth upper arm VT5, the third-phase coil L3, the first-phase coil L1, and the second lower arm VT2 to return to the battery 105.
As shown in fig. 16, in the sixth operation stage, the current flows in a circulating manner between the second phase coil L2, the first phase coil L1, the first upper bridge diode VD1, and the third upper bridge arm VT3, and between the third phase coil L3, the first phase coil L1, the first upper bridge diode VD1, and the third upper bridge arm VT5, respectively.
When the first coil is the first phase coil L1 and the second phase coil L2, and the second coil is the third phase coil L3, as shown in fig. 17, in the fifth operating phase, the current flows through the battery 105, the fifth upper arm VT5, the third phase coil L3, the first phase coil L1, and the second lower arm VT2 to return to the battery 105, and at the same time, the current flows through the battery 105, the fifth upper arm VT5, the third phase coil L3, the second phase coil L2, and the fourth lower arm VT4 to return to the battery 105.
As shown in fig. 18, in the sixth operation stage, a circulating current is formed between the third phase coil L3, the first phase coil L1, the first upper bridge diode VD1, and the fifth upper bridge arm VT5, and between the third phase coil L3, the second phase coil L2, the third upper bridge diode VD3, and the third upper bridge arm VT5, respectively.
In this embodiment, when the energy conversion device is not connected to an external power source, the battery inside the vehicle may be used to supply power to the driving and heating circuit, and only the bridge arm converter needs to be controlled to adjust the current flowing from the battery to the driving and heating circuit, so that the battery-driven motor can output driving power and the motor coil consumes power to generate heat, and then different power sources are used to supply power to the same system to output driving power and dissipate heat consumed by the motor coil, thereby achieving the simultaneous output of driving power and heat dissipation of power consumption by the motor coil when the energy conversion device is not connected to the external power source.
In one embodiment, the motor coil, the bridge arm inverter 102 and the bus capacitor 103 form a driving heating discharge circuit;
when the external charging/discharging port is connected to the external electric device, the bridge arm converter 102 is controlled to flow the electric energy of the external battery 105 to the heating/discharging circuit according to the power to be driven of the motor 101, the power to be charged of the external electric device, and the power to be heated of the motor coil, and the current for driving the heating/discharging circuit is adjusted to simultaneously perform the operations of outputting the driving power by the motor 101, charging the external electric device, and consuming the power and generating heat by the motor coil.
Wherein, carry out power consumptive heat that produces through electric machine coil, can be used for heating for treating the firing equipment, for example heat for the battery under the lower condition of external environment temperature, heat through electric machine coil, can heat the heat transfer medium through electric machine coil, the cooling circuit of motor is the intercommunication with the cooling circuit of battery, and then realizes heating for the battery.
The controller 104 obtains the power to be driven of the motor 101 according to the power to be driven of the motor 101, the power to be charged of the external electrical equipment, and the power to be heated of the motor coil according to the target driving power of the motor 101 and the current driving power of the motor 101, obtains the power to be heated of the motor coil according to the target heating power of the motor coil and the current heating power of the motor coil, and controls the bridge arm converter 102 to make the electric energy of the battery flow to the heating and discharging circuit according to the power to be driven, the power to be heated, and the power to be charged, namely, the current flowing through the motor coil is adjusted by adjusting the on/off and on time of different power switches in the bridge arm converter 102, the current direction of the motor coil is the direction of each phase coil flowing into the motor or the direction of each phase coil flowing out of the motor, and the current of the motor coil is the size of each phase coil flowing into the motor or flowing out of each phase coil in the motor The magnitude of the current, for example, the current flows in from the motor coil connected to the a-phase arm in the arm converter 102, and flows out from the motor coils connected to the B-phase and C-phase arms in the arm converter 102, since the motor torque output and the heating power can be adjusted by adjusting the magnitude and direction of the current of each phase coil in the motor, and the sum of the magnitudes of the currents flowing through the motor is equal to the input current of the connection point of each phase coil of the motor, which can be used to adjust the power to be charged, the charging process of the battery to the electric device, the output torque of the motor, and the heating process of the motor coils can be simultaneously controlled by adjusting the magnitude and direction of the current of each phase coil of the motor.
The technical effect of the energy conversion device in the embodiment of the application is as follows: the motor coil, the bridge arm converter and the bus capacitor are arranged in the energy conversion device to form a driving heating discharge circuit, only the bridge arm converter needs to be controlled to regulate the current flowing from the battery to the driving heating discharge circuit, the battery driving motor can discharge power of the electric equipment and the motor coil consumes power to generate heat while outputting power, and further the motor driving of a vehicle and the processes of battery discharging and motor coil heating are realized by adopting the same system.
In one embodiment, the bridge arm converter 102 obtains a conduction time and a conduction duration according to the power to be driven of the motor 101, the power to be charged of the external electric device, and the power to be heated of the motor coil, and adjusts the current for driving the heating and discharging circuit according to the conduction time and the conduction duration.
As an embodiment, as shown in fig. 2, taking a three-phase motor as an example, a target input current of the three-phase motor is calculated according to a power to be heated, a power to be charged, a motor torque output value and a target voltage, a driving power is calculated according to the motor torque output value, and the driving power may be calculated according to a formulaCalculating the driving power; n is motor speed, Te is motor torque, P1For driving power, according to the formulaCalculating a target input current, P being the required heating power, P2For required charging power, U2Is the target voltage of the buck-side capacitor. Calculating a target current of each phase of electricity of the three-phase motor according to the following formula 1, formula 2 and formula 3 according to the motor rotor position, the target input current and the motor torque output value:
equation 2: IA + IB + IC ═ I
Equation 3: p ═ i (IA × IA + IB × IB + IC × IC) × R
Wherein alpha is the rotor electrical angle, IA, IB, IC are the target current of each phase of electricity of the three-phase motor, I is the target input current, Te is the motor torque output value, lambda, rho, Ld,LqThe motor parameters are and P is the heating power.
The data of the target currents IA, IB, IC of each phase of the three-phase motor can be obtained according to the formula 1, the formula 2, and the formula 3.
Obtaining the average duty ratio of the three-phase electric control pulse according to the target voltage of the capacitor on the voltage reduction side, the target input current and the voltage of the power battery by the following formula:
equation 4: u shape2=U1×D0-I x R, wherein U2For the target voltage of the buck-side capacitor, U1Is the voltage of the power cell, D0The average duty ratio of the three-phase electric control pulse is shown, I is target input current, and R is equivalent impedance of the three-phase motor.
Wherein, U1×D0The above formula can be obtained by summing the voltage across the three-phase inverter equal to the sum of the voltage drop across the three-phase motor and the target voltage of the capacitor on the voltage reduction side.
Obtaining a first target duty ratio of a control pulse of each phase bridge arm according to the average duty ratio, the target input current, the target current of each phase of electricity and the voltage of the power battery according to the following formula:
wherein, I1Target current for each phase of electricity, R1Equivalent impedance of each phase coil, D1Is the target duty cycle of the control pulse for each phase of the bridge arm.
When the current in the winding coil flows from the connection point of each phase bridge arm and each phase coil to the voltage reduction side capacitor, the voltage of the connection point of each phase bridge arm and each phase coil is greater than that of the voltage reduction side capacitorThe voltage of the capacitor and the voltage of the connection point of each phase bridge arm and each phase coil are equal to the sum of the voltage drop of the phase coil and the target voltage of the capacitor at the voltage reduction side, namely U1×D1=R1×I1+U2When the current in the winding coil flows from the voltage reduction side capacitor to the connection point of each phase bridge arm and each phase coil, the voltage of the connection point of each phase bridge arm and each phase coil is less than the voltage of the voltage reduction side capacitor, and the voltage of the connection point of each phase bridge arm and each phase coil is equal to the difference between the target voltage of the voltage reduction side capacitor and the voltage drop on the phase coil, namely U1×D1=U2-R1×I1And combining the formula 4 to obtain a formula 5, namely obtaining the target duty ratio of the control pulse of each phase of bridge arm.
As an embodiment, the duty cycle of driving the heating and discharging circuit includes a seventh duty phase and an eighth duty phase; the motor coil comprises a first coil and a second coil, and the bridge arm converter comprises a first bridge arm connected with the first coil and a second bridge arm connected with the second coil;
in the seventh working phase, the controller controls the conduction time and duration of the first bridge arm and the second bridge arm according to the power to be driven of the motor, the power to be charged of the external power utilization equipment and the power to be heated of the motor coil, so that the electric energy of the battery flows back to the battery after passing through the second bridge arm, the second coil, the first coil and the first bridge arm, and simultaneously flows back to the battery after passing through the second bridge arm, the second coil and the power utilization equipment;
in the eighth working stage, the controller controls the time and duration of conduction of the first bridge arm and the second bridge arm, the electric energy forms a circulation current among the second coil, the first bridge arm and the second bridge arm, and the electric energy forms a circulation current among the second coil, the power utilization equipment and the second bridge arm.
In the seventh working phase, the first coil is a phase coil or at least two coils connected together, the first bridge arm is one bridge arm or at least two bridge arms connected in parallel, one phase coil in the first coil is connected with one bridge arm in the first bridge arm, the second coil is a phase coil or at least two coils connected together, the second bridge arm is one bridge arm or at least two bridge arms connected in parallel, one phase coil in the second coil is connected with one bridge arm in the second bridge arm, the difference between the first coil and the second coil is that the current flow directions of the two coils are in opposite states, for example, the first bridge arm of the bridge arm converter 102 is controlled to make the current flow in the first coil in the first direction, which may be from the motor to the motor controller 104, the second bridge arm of the bridge arm converter 102 is controlled to make the current flow in the second coil in the second direction, the second direction may be from the motor controller 104 to the motor, that is, there may be a current flow in different directions in the motor coil in the first operation stage, so that the control of driving the motor, charging the electric device and heating the motor coil may be realized.
It should be noted that the coils of the first coil and the second coil are not fixed, the first coil and the second coil are changed according to the direction of current, and the power switch of the bridge arm connected to the coils can be selected and controlled, for example, the motor includes a first phase coil L1, a second phase coil L2, and a third phase coil L3, the lower arm of the bridge arm connected to the first phase coil L1 is controlled to be turned on so that the current in the first phase coil L1 flows from the motor coil to the bridge arm inverter 102, the upper arm connected to the second phase coil L2 and the third phase coil L3 is controlled to be turned on so that the current in the second phase coil L2 and the third phase coil L3 flows from the bridge arm inverter 102 to the motor coil, in this case, the first coil is the first phase coil L1, the second coil is the second phase coil L2, and the third phase coil L3, and in the next period, the power switch turned on in the bridge arm is changed, the change of the current direction in the motor coil can be realized by a first phase coil L1 and a second phase coil L2 as the first coil, and a third phase coil L3 as the second coil.
Wherein, in the seventh working stage, the electric energy of the battery flows back to the battery after passing through the second bridge arm, the second coil, the first coil and the first bridge arm, so as to realize the storage of the electric energy of the battery in the first coil and the second coil, namely, the energy storage process, the motor driving process and the heating process of the motor coil in the discharging process of the battery are realized, since the current flows through the first coil and the second coil, the motor can be driven to operate and generate heat, the electric energy flows back to the battery after passing through the battery, the second bridge arm, the second coil, the first coil and the electric equipment, so that the battery discharges the electric equipment through the bridge arm converter 102, since the first coil and the second coil are connected together, the direction of the current flowing in the first coil and the second coil is different, the motor can be continuously driven and heated while the battery stores energy in the first coil and the second coil and discharges the electric equipment.
The seventh working stage and the eighth working stage form a cycle, and the cycle is a fixed value, so that when the conduction time and duration of the first bridge arm and the second bridge arm in the seventh working stage are determined, the conduction time and duration of the first bridge arm and the second bridge arm in the eighth working stage can be directly determined.
Wherein, the electric energy in the eighth working stage forms a circulation current through the second coil, the electric equipment and the second bridge arm, so as to realize that the second coil discharges the electric equipment, namely, the battery discharges the electric equipment in a follow current discharging process, meanwhile, the second coil has current flowing to realize driving the motor and heating the motor coil, the electric energy in the eighth working stage forms a circulation current among the second coil, the first bridge arm and the second bridge arm, so as to cause the current in the second coil to flow to the first coil, because the current output by the battery flows through the second coil through the second bridge arm and then flows through the second coil and the first coil in the seventh working process, the voltage of the connection point between the second coil and the second bridge arm is increased, because the relationship between the voltage of the capacitor at the charging and discharging port side and the voltage of the connection point between the coil and the second bridge arm determines the current flowing direction, if the voltage of the connection point between the second coil and the second bridge arm is larger than the voltage of the capacitor on the charging and discharging port side, the direction of the winding current flows from the connection point between the second coil and the second bridge arm, so that the current in the second coil can flow to the first coil.
In this embodiment, the working cycle of driving the charging and heating circuit is divided into a seventh working phase and an eighth working phase, each working phase includes a discharging process of the electric device, a driving process of the motor, and a heating process of the motor coil, and currents for driving the charging and heating circuit in the first working phase and the second working phase are respectively adjusted by controlling the conduction time and duration of the first bridge arm and the second bridge arm, so that a part of energy output by the battery in the whole working cycle is used for discharging the electric device, a part of energy is used for driving the motor, and a part of energy is used for heating the motor coil, thereby realizing cooperative work of discharging the electric device, driving the motor, and heating the motor coil.
An embodiment of the present application provides an energy conversion apparatus, as shown in fig. 19, the energy conversion apparatus includes:
a motor;
the vehicle-mounted charging module comprises a charging connecting end group, and the charging connecting end group comprises a first charging connecting end and a second charging connecting end;
the motor control module comprises a bridge arm converter 102, and the bridge arm converter 102 is connected with a motor coil of the motor;
the energy storage module comprises a bus capacitor 103 and an energy storage connecting end group 109 which are connected in parallel, the bus capacitor 103 is connected with the bridge arm converter 102 in parallel, and the energy storage connecting end group 109 comprises a first energy storage connecting end and a second energy storage connecting end;
a controller 104 connected to the bridge arm converter 102;
the motor coil, the bridge arm converter 102 and the bus capacitor 103 form a driving and heating circuit; the controller 104 controls the bridge arm converter 102 to enable external electric energy to flow to the driving and heating circuit according to the power to be driven of the motor and the power to be charged of the external battery, and adjusts the current of the driving and heating circuit, so that the external electric energy drives the motor to output driving power and simultaneously discharge electricity to the outside through the driving and heating circuit.
Furthermore, the first charging connecting end and the second charging connecting end are respectively connected with an external power supply, and the external battery is respectively connected with the first energy storage connecting end and the second energy storage connecting end;
the controller 104 obtains the conduction time and duration of the bridge arm converter 102, and adjusts the current of the driving and heating circuit according to the conduction time and duration, so that the motor 101 outputs driving power and the motor coil actively consumes power and generates heat to heat the battery.
Furthermore, the external power supply is a direct current power supply device, and the working cycle of the driving and heating circuit comprises a first working phase and a second working phase; the motor coil includes a first coil and a second coil, and the bridge arm converter 102 includes a first bridge arm connected to the first coil and a second bridge arm connected to the second coil;
in the first working stage, the controller 104 controls the conduction time and duration of the first bridge arm and the second bridge arm according to the power to be driven of the motor and the power to be charged of the battery, so that the electric energy of the direct current power supply equipment flows back to the direct current power supply equipment after passing through the first coil and the first bridge arm, and meanwhile, the electric energy on the bus capacitor 103 flows back to the bus capacitor 103 after passing through the second bridge arm, the second coil, the first coil and the first bridge arm;
in the second working phase, the controller 104 controls the time and duration of the conduction of the first bridge arm and the second bridge arm, the electric energy of the dc power supply equipment flows through the battery and the bus capacitor 103 after passing through the first coil and the first bridge arm and flows back to the dc power supply equipment, and meanwhile, the electric energy forms a circulating current among the second coil, the first bridge arm and the second bridge arm.
Further, in the second working phase, the controller 104 controls the time and duration of the conduction of the first bridge arm and the second bridge arm according to the power to be charged of the battery, so that the electric energy of the dc power supply equipment flows through the battery and the bus capacitor 103 after passing through the first coil and the first bridge arm and flows back to the dc power supply equipment, and meanwhile, a circulating current is formed among the second coil, the first bridge arm and the second bridge arm.
Further, the bridge arm type power supply further comprises a bidirectional bridge arm, the bidirectional bridge arm is connected with the bridge arm converter 102 in parallel, the charging connecting end group further comprises a third charging connecting end, the bidirectional bridge arm is further connected with the controller 104 and the third charging connecting end, the third charging connecting end is connected with an external power supply, and the external power supply, the motor coil, the bridge arm converter 102, the bidirectional bridge arm, the bus capacitor 103 and the battery form a driving and heating circuit;
the controller 104 obtains the conduction time and duration of the bridge arm converter 102, adjusts the current of the driving and heating circuit according to the conduction time and duration, and actively consumes power and generates heat to heat the battery when the driving and heating circuit drives the motor to output driving power.
Further, the external power supply further comprises an alternating current power supply device, the working cycle of the driving and heating circuit comprises a third working phase and a fourth working phase, the motor coil comprises a first coil and a second coil, and the bridge arm converter 102 comprises a first bridge arm connected with the first coil and a second bridge arm connected with the second coil;
in a third working phase, the controller 104 controls the conduction time and duration of the first bridge arm, the second bridge arm and the bidirectional bridge arm according to the power to be driven of the motor 101 and the power to be heated of the motor coil, so that the electric energy of the alternating current power supply equipment flows back to the alternating current power supply equipment after passing through the first coil, the first bridge arm and the bidirectional bridge arm or flows back to the alternating current power supply equipment after passing through the bidirectional bridge arm, the second bridge arm and the second coil, and meanwhile, the electric energy on the bus capacitor 103 flows back to the bus capacitor 103 after passing through the second bridge arm, the second coil, the first coil and the first bridge arm;
in the fourth working phase, the controller 104 controls the time and duration of conduction of the first bridge arm, the second bridge arm and the bidirectional bridge arm, so that the electric energy of the alternating-current power supply equipment flows through the battery and the bus capacitor 103 after passing through the first coil, the first bridge arm and the bidirectional bridge arm and flows back to the alternating-current power supply equipment, or the electric energy of the alternating-current power supply equipment flows back to the alternating-current power supply equipment after passing through the bidirectional bridge arm, the bus capacitor 103, the second bridge arm and the second coil, and meanwhile, a circulating current is formed among the second coil, the first bridge arm and the second bridge arm.
Further, when the battery 105 is used as a power supply device, the working cycle of the driving and heating circuit includes a fifth working phase and a sixth working phase; the motor coil includes a first coil and a second coil, and the bridge arm converter 102 includes a first bridge arm connected to the first coil and a second bridge arm connected to the second coil;
in a fifth working phase, the controller 104 controls the conduction time and duration of the first bridge arm and the second bridge arm according to the power to be driven of the motor 101 and the power to be heated of the motor coil, so that the electric energy of the battery 105 flows back to the battery 105 after passing through the second bridge arm, the second coil, the first coil and the first bridge arm;
in the sixth working phase, the controller 104 controls the time and duration of the conduction of the first bridge arm and the second bridge arm, and the electric energy forms a circulating current among the second coil, the first bridge arm and the second bridge arm.
Further, the motor coil, the bridge arm converter and the bus capacitor 103 form a driving heating discharge circuit;
when the first charging connection end and the second charging connection end are connected to the external electric equipment, the bridge arm converter 102 is controlled to enable electric energy of the external battery 105 to flow to the heating and discharging circuit according to the power to be driven of the motor 101, the power to be charged of the external electric equipment and the power to be heated of the motor coil, and adjust current for driving the heating and discharging circuit, so that the motor 101 outputs driving power, charges the external electric equipment and enables the motor coil to consume power and generate heat at the same time.
Further, the working cycle of driving the heating discharge circuit comprises a seventh working phase and an eighth working phase; the motor coil comprises a first coil and a second coil, and the bridge arm converter comprises a first bridge arm connected with the first coil and a second bridge arm connected with the second coil;
in a seventh working phase, the controller 104 controls the conduction time and duration of the first bridge arm and the second bridge arm according to the power to be driven of the motor 101, the power to be charged of the external electric equipment and the power to be heated of the motor coil, so that the electric energy of the battery 105 flows back to the battery 105 after passing through the second bridge arm, the second coil, the first coil and the first bridge arm, and simultaneously flows back to the battery 105 after passing through the second bridge arm, the second coil and the electric equipment;
in the eighth working phase, the controller 104 controls the time and duration of the conduction of the first bridge arm and the second bridge arm, the electric energy forms a circulating current among the second coil, the first bridge arm and the second bridge arm, and the electric energy forms a circulating current among the second coil, the electric equipment and the second bridge arm.
A third embodiment of the present application provides a vehicle, and as shown in fig. 20, the vehicle further includes the energy conversion device of the above embodiment.
The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present application, and not to limit the same; although the present application has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it should be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments may still be modified, or some technical features may be equivalently replaced; such modifications and substitutions do not substantially depart from the spirit and scope of the embodiments of the present application and are intended to be included within the scope of the present application.
Claims (18)
1. An energy conversion device is characterized by comprising a motor coil of a motor, a bridge arm converter, a bus capacitor connected with the bridge arm converter in parallel and a controller connected with the bridge arm converter;
the bridge arm converter is connected with the motor coil;
the motor coil, the bus capacitor and the bridge arm converter are all connected with an external charging and discharging port, and the bus capacitor is connected with an external battery in parallel;
the motor coil, the bridge arm converter and the bus capacitor form a driving and heating circuit;
the controller controls the bridge arm converter to enable an external power supply connected with the external charging and discharging port or electric energy of the external battery to flow to the driving and heating circuit according to the power to be driven of the motor and the power to be heated of the motor coil, and adjusts current of the driving and heating circuit, so that the motor outputs driving power and the motor coil consumes power to generate heat.
2. The energy conversion device according to claim 1, wherein the controller obtains a conduction time and a duration of the bridge arm converter according to a power to be driven of the motor and a power to be heated of the motor coil, and adjusts a current of the driving and heating circuit according to the conduction time and the duration.
3. The energy conversion apparatus according to claim 1, wherein when the external charging and discharging port is connected to an external power source and the external power source is a dc power supply device, the duty cycle of the driving and heating circuit includes a first duty phase and a second duty phase; the motor coil comprises a first coil and a second coil, and the bridge arm converter comprises a first bridge arm connected with the first coil and a second bridge arm connected with the second coil;
in the first working stage, the controller controls the conduction time and duration of the first bridge arm and the second bridge arm according to the power to be driven of the motor and the power to be heated of the motor coil, so that the electric energy of the direct-current power supply equipment flows back to the direct-current power supply equipment after passing through the first coil and the first bridge arm, and meanwhile, the electric energy on the bus capacitor flows back to the bus capacitor after passing through the second bridge arm, the second coil, the first coil and the first bridge arm;
in the second working stage, the controller controls the time and duration of conduction of the first bridge arm and the second bridge arm, the electric energy of the direct current power supply equipment flows through the bus capacitor and returns to the direct current power supply equipment after passing through the first coil and the first bridge arm, and meanwhile, the electric energy forms a circulating current among the second coil, the first bridge arm and the second bridge arm.
4. The energy conversion device of claim 3, further comprising a start-up period of the drive and heat circuit prior to the duty cycle of the drive and heat circuit;
the start-up cycle of the drive and heating circuit comprises a first start-up phase and a second start-up phase;
in the first starting stage, the controller controls the conduction time and duration of the first bridge arm and the second bridge arm according to the power to be driven of the motor and the power to be heated of the motor coil, so that the electric energy of the direct-current power supply equipment flows back to the direct-current power supply equipment after passing through the first coil and the first bridge arm;
in the second starting stage, the controller controls the conduction time and duration of the first bridge arm and the second bridge arm, so that the electric energy of the direct current power supply equipment passes through the first coil and the first bridge arm, then flows through the bus capacitor and flows back to the direct current power supply equipment.
5. The energy conversion device according to claim 1, further comprising a bidirectional bridge arm, wherein the external charging/discharging port further comprises an ac charging port, the bidirectional bridge arm is connected in parallel with the bridge arm converter, the bidirectional bridge arm is further connected to the controller and the ac charging port, the ac charging port is connected to an ac power supply, and a duty cycle of the driving and heating circuit includes a third operating phase and a fourth operating phase; the motor coil comprises a first coil and a second coil, and the bridge arm converter comprises a first bridge arm connected with the first coil and a second bridge arm connected with the second coil;
in the third working stage, the controller controls the conduction time and duration of the first bridge arm, the second bridge arm and the bidirectional bridge arm according to the power to be driven of the motor and the power to be heated of the motor coil, so that the electric energy of the alternating current power supply equipment flows back to the alternating current power supply equipment after passing through the first coil, the first bridge arm and the bidirectional bridge arm or flows back to the alternating current power supply equipment after passing through the bidirectional bridge arm, the second bridge arm and the second coil, and meanwhile, the electric energy on the bus capacitor flows back to the bus capacitor after passing through the second bridge arm, the second coil, the first coil and the first bridge arm;
in the fourth working phase, the controller controls the time and duration of conduction of the first bridge arm, the second bridge arm and the bidirectional bridge arm, so that the electric energy of the alternating-current power supply equipment flows back to the alternating-current power supply equipment after flowing through the first coil, the first bridge arm and the bus capacitor and flowing through the bidirectional bridge arm, or flows back to the alternating-current power supply equipment after flowing through the bidirectional bridge arm, the bus capacitor, the second bridge arm and the second coil, and meanwhile, a circulating current is formed among the second coil, the first bridge arm and the second bridge arm.
6. The energy conversion device of claim 5, further comprising a start-up period of the drive and heat circuit prior to the duty cycle of the drive and heat circuit;
the start-up cycle of the drive and heating circuit comprises a third start-up phase and a fourth start-up phase;
in the third starting stage, the controller controls the conduction time and duration of the first bridge arm, the second bridge arm and the bidirectional bridge arm according to the power to be driven of the motor and the power to be heated of the motor coil, so that the electric energy of the alternating current power supply equipment flows back to the alternating current power supply equipment after passing through the first coil, the first bridge arm and the bidirectional bridge arm or flows back to the alternating current power supply equipment after passing through the bidirectional bridge arm, the second bridge arm and the second coil;
in the fourth starting stage, the controller controls the conduction time and duration of the first bridge arm, the second bridge arm and the bidirectional bridge arm, so that the electric energy of the alternating-current power supply equipment flows through the bus capacitor and flows back to the alternating-current power supply equipment after passing through the first coil, the first bridge arm and the bidirectional bridge arm, or the electric energy of the alternating-current power supply equipment flows back to the alternating-current power supply equipment after passing through the bidirectional bridge arm, the bus capacitor, the second bridge arm and the second coil.
7. The energy conversion arrangement according to claim 1, wherein the duty cycle of the drive and heating circuit includes a fifth operating phase and a sixth operating phase when the battery is used as the power supply; the motor coil comprises a first coil and a second coil, and the bridge arm converter comprises a first bridge arm connected with the first coil and a second bridge arm connected with the second coil;
in the fifth working stage, the controller controls the conduction time and duration of the first bridge arm and the second bridge arm according to the power to be driven of the motor and the power to be heated of the motor coil, so that the electric energy of the battery flows back to the battery after passing through the second bridge arm, the second coil, the first coil and the first bridge arm;
in the sixth working phase, the controller controls the time and duration of conduction of the first bridge arm and the second bridge arm, and the electric energy forms a circulating current among the second coil, the first bridge arm and the second bridge arm.
8. The energy conversion device of claim 1, wherein the motor coil, the bridge arm inverter, and the bus bar capacitance form a driving heating discharge circuit;
when the external charging and discharging port is connected to external electric equipment, the bridge arm converter is controlled to enable electric energy of the external battery to flow to the driving heating and discharging circuit according to the power to be driven of the motor, the power to be charged of the external electric equipment and the power to be heated of the motor coil, the current of the driving heating and discharging circuit is adjusted, and the motor outputs driving power, charges the external electric equipment and enables the motor coil to consume power and generate heat at the same time.
9. The energy conversion device of claim 8, wherein the duty cycle of driving the heating discharge circuit includes a seventh duty cycle and an eighth duty cycle; the motor coil comprises a first coil and a second coil, and the bridge arm converter comprises a first bridge arm connected with the first coil and a second bridge arm connected with the second coil;
in the seventh working phase, the controller controls the conduction time and duration of the first bridge arm and the second bridge arm according to the power to be driven of the motor, the power to be charged of the external power consumption equipment and the power to be heated of the motor coil, so that the electric energy of the battery flows back to the battery after passing through the second bridge arm, the second coil, the first coil and the first bridge arm, and simultaneously flows back to the battery after passing through the second bridge arm, the second coil and the external power consumption equipment;
in the eighth working stage, the controller controls the time and duration of conduction of the first bridge arm and the second bridge arm, the electric energy forms a circulation current among the second coil, the first bridge arm and the second bridge arm, and the electric energy forms a circulation current among the second coil, the external power utilization equipment and the second bridge arm.
10. An energy conversion device, characterized in that the energy conversion device comprises:
a motor;
the vehicle-mounted charging module comprises a charging connection end group, and the charging connection end group comprises a first charging connection end and a second charging connection end;
the motor control module comprises a bridge arm converter, and the bridge arm converter is connected with a motor coil of the motor;
the energy storage module comprises a bus capacitor and an energy storage connecting end group which are connected in parallel, the bus capacitor is connected with the bridge arm converter in parallel, and the energy storage connecting end group comprises a first energy storage connecting end and a second energy storage connecting end;
a controller connected to the bridge arm converter;
the motor coil, the bridge arm converter and the bus capacitor form a driving and heating circuit;
the controller controls the bridge arm converter to enable external electric energy to flow to the driving and heating circuit according to the power to be driven of the motor and the power to be heated of the motor coil, and adjusts the current of the driving and heating circuit, so that the motor coil actively consumes electricity and generates heat to heat the battery while outputting driving power.
11. The energy conversion device of claim 10, wherein the first charging connection terminal and the second charging connection terminal are respectively connected to an external power source;
the controller obtains the conduction time and duration of the bridge arm converter, and adjusts the current of the driving and heating circuit according to the conduction time and duration, so that the motor outputs driving power and the motor coil actively consumes power and generates heat to heat the battery.
12. The energy conversion device of claim 11, wherein the external power source is a dc powered device, and the duty cycle of the drive and heating circuit includes a first operating phase and a second operating phase; the motor coil comprises a first coil and a second coil, and the bridge arm converter comprises a first bridge arm connected with the first coil and a second bridge arm connected with the second coil;
in the first working stage, the controller controls the conduction time and duration of the first bridge arm and the second bridge arm according to the power to be driven of the motor and the power to be heated of the motor coil, so that the electric energy of the direct-current power supply equipment flows back to the direct-current power supply equipment after passing through the first coil and the first bridge arm, and meanwhile, the electric energy on the bus capacitor flows back to the bus capacitor after passing through the second bridge arm, the second coil, the first coil and the first bridge arm;
in the second working stage, the controller controls the time and duration of conduction of the first bridge arm and the second bridge arm, the electric energy of the direct current power supply equipment flows through the battery and the bus capacitor after passing through the first coil and the first bridge arm and flows back to the direct current power supply equipment, and meanwhile, circulation current is formed among the second coil, the first bridge arm and the second bridge arm.
13. The energy conversion device according to claim 10, further comprising a bidirectional bridge arm, wherein the bidirectional bridge arm is connected in parallel with the bridge arm converter, the charging connection terminal set further comprises a third charging connection terminal, the bidirectional bridge arm is further connected to the controller and the third charging connection terminal, and the third charging connection terminal is connected to an external power supply;
the controller obtains the conduction time and duration of the bridge arm converter, and adjusts the current of the driving and heating circuit according to the conduction time and duration, so that the motor outputs driving power and the motor coil actively consumes power and generates heat to heat the battery.
14. The energy conversion device of claim 13, wherein the external power source is an ac powered device, and the duty cycle of the drive and heating circuit includes a third phase of operation and a fourth phase of operation;
in the third working stage, the controller controls the conduction time and duration of the first bridge arm of the bridge arm converter, the second bridge arm of the bridge arm converter and the bidirectional bridge arm according to the power to be driven of the motor and the power to be heated of the motor coil, so that the electric energy of the alternating current power supply equipment flows back to the alternating current power supply equipment after passing through the first coil, the first bridge arm and the bidirectional bridge arm or flows back to the alternating current power supply equipment after passing through the bidirectional bridge arm, the second bridge arm and the second coil, and meanwhile, the electric energy on the bus capacitor flows back to the bus capacitor after passing through the second bridge arm, the second coil, the first coil and the first bridge arm;
in the fourth working phase, the controller controls the time and duration of conduction of the first bridge arm, the second bridge arm and the bidirectional bridge arm, so that the electric energy of the alternating-current power supply equipment flows back to the alternating-current power supply equipment after flowing through the first coil, the first bridge arm and the bus capacitor and flowing through the bidirectional bridge arm, or flows back to the alternating-current power supply equipment after flowing through the bidirectional bridge arm, the bus capacitor, the second bridge arm and the second coil, and meanwhile, a circulating current is formed among the second coil, the first bridge arm and the second bridge arm.
15. The energy conversion arrangement according to claim 10, wherein the duty cycle of the drive and heating circuit includes a fifth operating phase and a sixth operating phase when the battery is functioning as a power supply; the motor coil comprises a first coil and a second coil, and the bridge arm converter comprises a first bridge arm connected with the first coil and a second bridge arm connected with the second coil;
in the fifth working stage, the controller controls the conduction time and duration of the first bridge arm and the second bridge arm according to the power to be driven of the motor and the power to be heated of the motor coil, so that the electric energy of the battery flows back to the battery after passing through the second bridge arm, the second coil, the first coil and the first bridge arm;
in the sixth working phase, the controller controls the time and duration of conduction of the first bridge arm and the second bridge arm, and the electric energy forms a circulating current among the second coil, the first bridge arm and the second bridge arm.
16. The energy conversion device of claim 10, wherein the motor coil, the bridge arm inverter, and the bus bar capacitance form a driving heating discharge circuit;
when the first charging connection end and the second charging connection end are connected to external electric equipment, the bridge arm converter is controlled to enable electric energy of the external battery to flow to the driving heating and discharging circuit according to the power to be driven of the motor, the power to be charged of the external electric equipment and the power to be heated of the motor coil, the current of the driving heating and discharging circuit is adjusted, and the motor is enabled to output driving power, charge the external electric equipment and enable the motor coil to consume power to generate heat at the same time.
17. The energy conversion device of claim 16, wherein the duty cycle of driving the heating discharge circuit includes a seventh duty cycle and an eighth duty cycle; the motor coil comprises a first coil and a second coil, and the bridge arm converter comprises a first bridge arm connected with the first coil and a second bridge arm connected with the second coil;
in the seventh working phase, the controller controls the conduction time and duration of the first bridge arm and the second bridge arm according to the power to be driven of the motor, the power to be charged of the external power consumption equipment and the power to be heated of the motor coil, so that the electric energy of the battery flows back to the battery after passing through the second bridge arm, the second coil, the first coil and the first bridge arm, and simultaneously flows back to the battery after passing through the second bridge arm, the second coil and the external power consumption equipment;
in the eighth working stage, the controller controls the time and duration of conduction of the first bridge arm and the second bridge arm, the electric energy forms a circulation current among the second coil, the first bridge arm and the second bridge arm, and the electric energy forms a circulation current among the second coil, the external power utilization equipment and the second bridge arm.
18. A vehicle characterized by further comprising an energy conversion device according to any one of claims 1 to 17.
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CN114337421A (en) * | 2021-01-30 | 2022-04-12 | 华为数字能源技术有限公司 | Motor controller, heating method of power battery pack and power assembly |
CN112838806A (en) * | 2021-02-10 | 2021-05-25 | 华为技术有限公司 | Motor controller, high-voltage distribution box, power assembly and electric vehicle |
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CN107592954A (en) * | 2015-05-12 | 2018-01-16 | 大陆汽车有限公司 | At least one winding of vehicle side charging circuit for the vehicle with electric driver, the method for running vehicle side converter and vehicle side motor is used for temporary application |
JP2017204902A (en) * | 2016-05-09 | 2017-11-16 | 日産自動車株式会社 | Power conversion apparatus and controller for electrically-driven vehicle |
CN106025443A (en) * | 2016-07-25 | 2016-10-12 | 北京理工大学 | Power system capable of performing heating on the basis of LC resonance and vehicle |
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