CN111347926B - Power battery charging and discharging device, vehicle and heating device - Google Patents

Power battery charging and discharging device, vehicle and heating device Download PDF

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Publication number
CN111347926B
CN111347926B CN201811575194.2A CN201811575194A CN111347926B CN 111347926 B CN111347926 B CN 111347926B CN 201811575194 A CN201811575194 A CN 201811575194A CN 111347926 B CN111347926 B CN 111347926B
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switch
module
energy storage
phase
power battery
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CN111347926A (en
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田果
杨宁
陈冠辉
棘文建
其他发明人请求不公开姓名
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BYD Co Ltd
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BYD Co Ltd
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    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/70—Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/7072—Electromobility specific charging systems or methods for batteries, ultracapacitors, supercapacitors or double-layer capacitors
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/72—Electric energy management in electromobility
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T90/00—Enabling technologies or technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02T90/10—Technologies relating to charging of electric vehicles
    • Y02T90/12—Electric charging stations

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  • Electric Propulsion And Braking For Vehicles (AREA)
  • Charge And Discharge Circuits For Batteries Or The Like (AREA)

Abstract

The application provides a power battery charging and discharging device, a vehicle and a heating device, wherein the power battery charging device comprises a first switch module, a three-phase inverter, a three-phase alternating current motor, an energy storage module, a second switch module and a control module, the control module compares the voltage of an external power supply module with the voltage of a power battery, and controls the first switch module, the second switch module and the three-phase inverter according to the comparison result, so that the external power supply module can perform boost charging, buck charging or direct charging on the power battery, the power battery in the vehicle can also perform boost charging, buck charging or direct charging on a power utilization module, meanwhile, a power supply module, the three-phase inverter and the three-phase alternating current motor form a heating circuit, a heat source is provided through a three-phase coil and the three-phase inverter in the three-phase alternating current motor, and heating of a heating component to be heated in the vehicle is realized through an original cooling loop after a heat exchange medium is heated, the heating efficiency is high, and the part to be heated rises fast.

Description

Power battery charging and discharging device, vehicle and heating device
Technical Field
The application relates to the technical field of automobiles, in particular to a power battery charging and discharging device, a vehicle and a heating device.
Background
Along with the development and rapid popularization of electric automobiles, the charging technology of power batteries of the electric automobiles becomes more and more important, the charging technology needs to meet the requirements of different users, the current boost charging circuit is generally a DC/DC bridge circuit which is additionally provided with a positive bus and a negative bus between a charging pile and the power batteries and can carry out bidirectional voltage boosting and reducing, the low-temperature battery heating is generally to heat the cooling liquid of a battery cooling loop by utilizing a PTC heater or an electric heating wire heater at low temperature, and the battery electric core is heated to a preset temperature through the cooling liquid. In other schemes, an engine controller is used for controlling the engine to rotate at a constant speed at a certain rotating speed, the engine drives the generator to rotate, and the generator is used for rapidly charging and discharging the power battery unit to achieve the purpose of preheating the battery pack.
The engine is used for driving the generator to rotate to charge and discharge the battery for heating, the hybrid electric vehicle can only be applied to the hybrid electric vehicle, the engine and the generator can also generate certain noise, and the engine can also discharge polluted waste gas. For the existing boost charging circuit, a DC/DC bridge circuit, a corresponding control and detection circuit and the like need to be added independently, so that the product cost is increased; the same causes an increase in cost for heating the battery using the PTC heater, and the PTC heater, if damaged, causes an increase in secondary cost.
Disclosure of Invention
The purpose of this application is providing a power battery charge-discharge device, vehicle and heating device to there is need to increase boost circuit and need to increase the problem that PTC heater leads to increasing the volume and the cost of whole device when adopting the mode of charging that steps up to charging to power battery to solving among the prior art, and can realize that power battery rises in the vehicle, step-down charges and discharges, has the advantage of the supplementary electric energy of mutual charging between the battery of different voltage grades between arbitrary vehicles.
The present application is achieved in this way, in a first aspect, there is provided a power battery charging device, which includes a first switch module, a three-phase inverter, a three-phase ac motor, an energy storage module, a second switch module and a control module, the power battery charging device is connected to an external power module through the first switch module, the power battery charging device is connected to a power battery through the second switch module, the three-phase inverter is connected between the first switch module and the second switch module, a three-phase coil of the three-phase ac motor is connected to a three-phase bridge arm of the three-phase inverter, a first end of the energy storage module is connected to a Y-shaped connection point of the three-phase coil of the three-phase ac motor, a second end of the energy storage module is connected to the external power module, and a third end of the energy storage module is connected to the power battery, the control module is respectively connected with the first switch module, the three-phase inverter, the three-phase alternating current motor, the second switch module and the energy storage module;
the control module compares the acquired voltage of the external power supply module with the acquired voltage of the power battery, and controls the first switch module, the second switch module, the energy storage module and the three-phase inverter according to a comparison result, so that the external power supply module performs boost charging, buck charging or direct charging on the power battery.
The second aspect of the application provides a power battery discharging device, power battery discharging device includes first switch module, three-phase inverter, three-phase alternating current motor, energy storage module, second switch module and control module, power battery discharging device passes through first switch module is connected to with electric module, power battery discharging device passes through second switch module is connected to power battery, three-phase inverter connects first switch module with between the second switch module, three-phase coil of three-phase alternating current motor is connected to three-phase bridge arm of three-phase inverter, energy storage module's first end is connected the tie point of three-phase coil of three-phase alternating current motor, energy storage module's second end with electric module connects, energy storage module's third end with power battery connects, control module respectively with first switch module, The three-phase inverter, the three-phase alternating current motor, the second switch module and the energy storage module are connected;
the control module compares the acquired voltage of the power battery with the acquired voltage of the power utilization module, and controls the first switch module, the second switch module, the energy storage module and the three-phase inverter according to a comparison result, so that the power battery performs voltage boosting discharge, voltage reduction discharge or direct discharge on the power utilization module.
A third aspect of the present application provides a heating device for a vehicle, where the heating device includes a switch module, a three-phase inverter, a three-phase ac motor, an energy storage module, and a control module, the heating device is connected to a power supply module through the switch module, a three-phase coil of the three-phase ac motor is connected to a three-phase bridge arm of the three-phase inverter, a first end of the energy storage module is connected to a Y-shaped connection point of the three-phase coil of the three-phase ac motor, a second end of the energy storage module is connected to the power supply module, and the control module is connected to the switch module, the three-phase inverter, the three-phase ac motor, and the energy storage module, respectively;
when the control module acquires that a part to be heated needs to be heated, the switch module is controlled to be switched on and controlled, the energy storage module is in a working state, and the three-phase inverter is controlled to receive the charging process of the energy storage module and the three-phase coil of the three-phase alternating current motor and the discharging process of the energy storage module and the three-phase coil of the three-phase alternating current motor are alternately performed, so that the energy storage module, the three-phase inverter and the three-phase alternating current motor heat the heat exchange medium flowing through at least one heat exchange medium pipeline in the energy storage module, the three-phase inverter and the three-phase alternating current motor.
A fourth aspect of the present application provides a vehicle further comprising the power battery charging device of the first aspect or the power battery discharging device of the second aspect or the heating device of the third aspect.
The application provides a power battery charging and discharging device, a vehicle and a heating device, the power battery charging device comprises a first switch module, a three-phase inverter, a three-phase alternating current motor, an energy storage module, a second switch module and a control module, the control module compares the acquired voltage of an external power supply module with the voltage of the power battery, and the external power supply module performs boost charging, buck charging or direct charging on the power battery by controlling the first switch module, the second switch module and the three-phase inverter according to the comparison result Step-down charge or directly charge, make power module, three-phase inverter and three-phase alternating current motor constitute heating circuit simultaneously on the basis of charging, provide the heat source through inside three-phase coil of three-phase alternating current motor and three-phase inverter, realize the heating of treating the heater block in the vehicle through former cooling circuit behind the heating heat transfer medium, need not use the engine or increase heating device and just can realize promoting the temperature of treating the heater block, and heating efficiency is high, it is fast to treat that the heater block risees.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application, the drawings needed to be used in the embodiments or the prior art descriptions will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present application, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art to obtain other drawings based on these drawings without inventive exercise.
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a power battery charging device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a power battery charging device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;
FIG. 3 is a circuit diagram of a power battery charging device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;
FIG. 4 is a current path diagram of a power battery charging device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;
FIG. 5 is another current path diagram of a power battery charging device provided in accordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure;
FIG. 6 is another current path diagram of a power battery charging device provided in accordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure;
FIG. 7 is another current path diagram of a power battery charging device provided in accordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure;
fig. 8 is a schematic structural diagram of a power battery discharge device according to a second embodiment of the present application;
fig. 9 is another schematic structural diagram of a power battery discharge device according to a second embodiment of the present application;
fig. 10 is a current path diagram of a power battery discharge device according to the second embodiment of the present application;
fig. 11 is another current path diagram of a power battery discharging device according to the second embodiment of the present application;
fig. 12 is another current path diagram of a power battery discharging device according to the second embodiment of the present application;
fig. 13 is another current path diagram of a power battery discharging device according to the second embodiment of the present application;
fig. 14 is a schematic structural diagram of a heating device of a vehicle according to a third embodiment of the present application;
fig. 15 is a current path diagram of a heating device of a vehicle according to a third embodiment of the present application;
fig. 16 is another current path diagram of a heating device of a vehicle according to a third embodiment of the present application;
fig. 17 is another current path diagram of a heating device of a vehicle according to a third embodiment of the present application;
fig. 18 is another current path diagram of a heating device of a vehicle according to a third embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 19 is a schematic structural diagram of a vehicle according to a sixth embodiment of the present application;
fig. 20 is an internal structural schematic diagram of a three-phase alternating-current motor in a vehicle according to a sixth embodiment of the present application.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present application more apparent, the present application is described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the present application and are not intended to limit the present application.
In order to explain the technical means of the present application, the following description will be given by way of specific examples.
A power battery charging apparatus according to an embodiment of the present application is provided, as shown in fig. 1, the power battery charging apparatus includes a first switch module 102, a three-phase inverter 103, a three-phase ac motor 104, an energy storage module 107, a second switch module 105, and a control module 108, the power battery charging apparatus is connected to an external power module 101 through the first switch module 102, the power battery charging apparatus is connected to a power battery 106 through the second switch module 105, the three-phase inverter 103 is connected between the first switch module 102 and the second switch module 105, a three-phase coil of the three-phase ac motor 104 is connected to a three-phase bridge arm of the three-phase inverter 103, a first end of the energy storage module 107 is connected to a Y-shaped connection point of the three-phase coil of the three-phase ac motor 104, a second end of the energy storage module 107 is connected to the external power module 101, a third end of the energy storage module 107 is connected to the power battery 106, and the control module 107 is respectively connected to the first switch module 102, the external power module 101, The three-phase inverter 103, the three-phase alternating current motor 104, the second switching module 105 and the energy storage module 107 are connected;
the control module 108 compares the voltage of the external power module 101 with the voltage of the power battery 106, and controls the first switch module 102, the second switch module 105, the energy storage module 107 and the three-phase inverter 103 according to the comparison result, so that the external power module 101 performs boost charging, buck charging or direct charging on the power battery 106.
The external power supply module 101 may be a direct current provided by a direct current charging pile, or a direct current output by a single-phase or three-phase alternating current charging pile after rectification; the first switch module 102 is used for connecting or disconnecting the external power supply module 101 with the power battery charging device; the three-phase alternating current motor 104 comprises a three-phase coil, the three-phase coil is connected to one connection point, the three-phase alternating current motor 104 can be a permanent magnet synchronous motor or an asynchronous motor, and the three-phase alternating current motor 104 is of a three-phase four-wire system, namely a neutral line is led out from a Y-shaped connection point of the three-phase coil, and the neutral line and the energy storage module 107 are connected in series to form a connection circuit; the three-phase inverter 103 comprises six power switch units, the power switches can be of transistor, IGBT, MOS tube and other device types, two power switch units form a phase bridge arm and form a three-phase bridge arm together, and the connection point of the two power switch units in each phase bridge arm is connected with a phase coil in the three-phase alternating current motor 104; the second switch module 105 is used for connecting or disconnecting the power battery 106 with the power battery charging device; the control module 108 may collect voltage, current, temperature of the power battery 106, phase current of the three-phase ac motor 104, temperature of a winding of the three-phase ac motor 104, temperature of the energy storage module 107, and voltage of the external power supply module 101, the control module 108 may include a vehicle controller, a control circuit of a motor controller, and a BMS battery manager circuit, which are connected by a CAN line, and different modules in the control module 108 control on and off of power switches in the three-phase inverter 103 according to the acquired information to realize on of different current loops.
When the control module 108 detects that the external power module 101 is connected to the circuit, for example, when a dc charging gun is plugged into a dc charging pile interface, the control module 108 compares the voltage of the external power module 101 with the voltage of the power battery 106, and selects different charging modes to charge the power battery 106 according to the comparison result, when the highest output of the external power module 101 is lower than the voltage of the power battery 106, the power battery 106 may be charged by a dc boost charging mode, since the three-phase coil and the energy storage module 107 of the three-phase ac motor 104 can store electric energy, the external power module 101 may store energy and charge the three-phase coil and the energy storage module 107 of the three-phase ac motor 104 by controlling the first switch module 102, the second switch module 105 and the three-phase inverter 103, and then the external power module 101, the energy storage module 107 and the three-phase coil of the three-phase ac motor 104 charge the power battery 106, in the charging process, because the energy storage module 107 and the three-phase coil of the three-phase alternating current motor 104 also output voltages at this time, the voltages output by the external power supply module 101 and the voltages output by the energy storage module 107 and the three-phase coil are superposed, so that the voltage of the external power supply module 101 is boosted, and the normal charging of the power battery 106 can be realized; when the control module 108 detects that the lowest output voltage of the external power module 101 is higher than the voltage of the power battery 106, the control module 108 controls the first switch module 102, the second switch module 105 and the three-phase inverter 103 to enable the external power supply to charge the three-phase alternating current motor 104, the energy storage module 107 and the power battery 106, and then discharges the power battery 106 through the three-phase alternating current motor 104 and the energy storage module 107, during the charging process, due to the voltage division effect of the three-phase alternating current motor 104 and the energy storage module 107, and during the discharging process, the voltage of the three-phase alternating current motor 104 and the energy storage module 107 is lower than the voltage of the external power module 101, the output voltage of the external power module 101 can be reduced and then the power battery 106 is charged, in the embodiment of the application, a neutral line is led out from the three-phase alternating current motor, and then different charging and discharging loops are formed with the power battery, the energy storage module and the three-phase inverter, when the control module detects that the highest output voltage of the external power supply module is lower than the voltage of the power battery, the original energy storage module and the three-phase alternating current motor are adopted to boost the voltage of the external power supply module and then charge the power battery, when the control module detects that the lowest output voltage of the external power supply module is higher than the voltage of the power battery, the original energy storage module and the three-phase alternating current motor are adopted to reduce the voltage of the external power supply module and then charge the power battery, when the control module detects that the voltage of the power battery is within the output voltage range of the external power supply module, the power battery is directly charged, the power battery can be charged no matter the voltage of the external power supply module is high or low, and the compatibility adaptability is stronger, and simultaneously, an external boosting or voltage-reducing circuit is not required to be additionally arranged, so that the cost of an additional circuit is reduced.
In one embodiment, when the control module 108 detects that the maximum output voltage of the external power module 101 is lower than the voltage of the power battery 106, the control module 108 controls the first switching module 102, the second switching module 105, the energy storage module 107 and the three-phase inverter 103 to alternately perform an energy storage process of the external power module 101 on the energy storage module 107 and the three-phase coil of the three-phase ac motor 104 and a charging process of the external power module 101, the energy storage module 107 and the three-phase coil of the three-phase ac motor 104 on the power battery 106, so that the external power module 101 performs boost charging on the power battery 106.
Wherein, the charging process of the three-phase coil of the energy storage module 107 and the three-phase alternating current motor 104 and the external power module 101 are alternately performed by controlling the external power module 101, the discharging process of the three-phase coil of the energy storage module 107 and the three-phase alternating current motor 104 on the power battery 106 is alternately performed, so that the three-phase coil of the energy storage module 107 and the three-phase alternating current motor 104 outputs voltage after storing electric energy, and superposes the voltage output by the external power module 101, thereby realizing the voltage boost of the external power module 101, and realizing the normal charging of the external power module 101 on the power battery 106.
Further, as shown in fig. 2, the energy storage module 107 includes a third switch 123, a fourth switch 124 and an energy storage device 130, a first end of the third switch 123, and a first end of the fourth switch 124 are connected together, a second end of the energy storage device 130 is the first end of the energy storage module 107, a second end of the third switch 123 is the second end of the energy storage module 107, and a second end of the fourth switch 124 is the third end of the energy storage module 107. The third switch 123 and the fourth switch 124 are both connected to the control module 108.
Further, the first switch module 102 includes a first switch 121 and a second switch 122, and a first end of the first switch 121 and a first end of the second switch 122 are respectively connected to the positive pole and the negative pole of the external power module 101; the second switch module 105 comprises a fifth switch 125 and a sixth switch 126, wherein a first end of the fifth switch 125 and a first end of the sixth switch 126 are respectively connected with the positive pole and the negative pole of the power battery 106; a second terminal of the second switch 122, a second terminal of the fifth switch 125, and a first terminal of the three-phase inverter 103 are connected; a second terminal of the first switch 121, a second terminal of the sixth switch 126, and a second terminal of the three-phase inverter 103 are connected.
On the basis of the above-described structure, in a state where the power battery charging device is connected to the external power supply module 101 and the power battery 106, the external power supply module 101, the third switch 123, the energy storage device 130, the three-phase ac motor 104, the three- phase inverters 103 and 121 constitute a first energy storage circuit, and the external power supply module 101, the third switch 123, the energy storage device 130, the three-phase ac motor 104, the three-phase inverter 103, the fifth switch 125, the power battery 106, the sixth switch 126, and the first switch 121 constitute a first charging circuit; when the control module 108 detects that the highest output voltage of the external power supply module 101 is lower than the voltage of the power battery 106, the first switch 121, the third switch 123, the fifth switch 125 and the sixth switch 126 are controlled to be turned on, and the first energy storage loop and the first charging loop are alternately turned on by controlling the three-phase inverter 103.
Wherein, the control module 108 controls the first switch 121, the third switch 123, the fifth switch 125 and the sixth switch 126 to be turned on, and outputs the on-time period of the PWM control signal to the three-phase inverter 103 to enable the external power module 101 to charge the first energy storage circuit, and then the off-time period of the PWM control signal controls the first charging circuit to be turned on, and the energy storage module 107 and the three-phase ac motor 104 both have current outputs, that is, in the process of alternately turning on the first energy storage circuit and the first charging circuit, the three-phase inverter 103 and the three-phase ac motor 104 are firstly in the charging state and then in the discharging state, in this embodiment, the external power module, the three-phase inverter, the three-phase ac motor and the power battery form energy storage and charging circuits by setting the first switch, the third switch, the fifth switch and the sixth switch, and controls different power switch units in the three-phase inverter to alternately turn on the first energy storage circuit and the first charging circuit, the boost charging of the external power supply module to the power battery is realized.
In another embodiment, when the control module 108 detects that the lowest output voltage of the external power module 101 is higher than the voltage of the power battery 106, the control module 108 controls the first switch module 102, the second switch module 105, the energy storage module 107 and the three-phase inverter 103 to enable the external power module 101 to alternately perform the charging process of the energy storage module 107, the three-phase coil of the three-phase ac motor 104 and the power battery 106 and the charging process of the energy storage module 107 and the three-phase coil of the three-phase ac motor 104 on the power battery 106, so as to reduce the charging voltage of the external power module 101 and then charge the power battery 106.
Referring to fig. 2, in a state where the power battery charging apparatus is connected to the external power supply module 101 and the power battery 106, the external power supply module 101, the second switch 122, the three-phase inverter 103, the three-phase ac motor 104, the energy storage device 130, the fourth switch 124, the power battery 106, the sixth switch 126, and the first switch 121 form a first energy storage charging circuit, and the three-phase ac motor 104, the energy storage device 130, the fourth switch 124, the power battery 106, the sixth switch 126, and the three-phase inverter 103 form a first free-wheeling charging circuit; when the control module 108 detects that the lowest output voltage of the external power supply module 101 is higher than the voltage of the power battery 106, the first switch 121, the second switch 122, the fourth switch 124 and the sixth switch 126 are controlled to be turned on, and the first energy storage charging loop and the first freewheeling charging loop are alternately turned on by controlling the three-phase inverter 103, so that the external power supply module 101 performs step-down charging on the power battery 106.
Wherein, the control module 108 controls the first switch 121, the second switch 122, the fourth switch 124 and the sixth switch 126 to be turned on, and outputs PWM control signals to the three-phase inverter 103 to enable the external power module 101 to simultaneously store and charge energy in the energy storage device and the power battery in the first energy storage charging circuit in the on-period, and then controls the first afterflow charging circuit to be on in the off-period of the PWM control signals, the energy storage module 107 and the three-phase ac motor 104 both have current output, that is, during the process of alternately conducting the first energy storage charging circuit and the first freewheeling charging circuit, due to the voltage division effect of the three-phase ac motor 104 and the energy storage module 107 during the charging process, and in the discharging process, the voltages of the three-phase alternating current motor 104 and the energy storage module 107 are lower than the lowest output voltage of the external power supply module 101, so that the external power supply module 101 can perform voltage reduction charging on the power battery 106.
For the three-phase inverter 103, specifically, the three-phase inverter 103 includes a first power switch unit, a second power switch unit, a third power switch unit, a fourth power switch unit, a fifth power switch unit, and a sixth power switch, a control end of each power switch unit is connected to the control module 108, input ends of the first power switch unit, the third power switch unit, and the fifth power switch unit are connected to a first end of the three-phase inverter, output ends of the second power switch unit, the fourth power switch unit, and the sixth power switch unit are connected to a second end of the three-phase inverter, a first phase coil of the three-phase ac motor 104 is connected to an output end of the first power switch unit and an input end of the fourth power switch unit, a second phase coil of the three-phase ac motor 104 is connected to an output end of the third power switch unit and an input end of the sixth power switch unit, the third phase coil of the three-phase ac motor 104 is connected to the output terminal of the fifth power switching unit and the input terminal of the second power switching unit.
The first power switch unit and the fourth power switch unit in the three-phase inverter 103 form an a-phase bridge arm, the third power switch unit and the sixth power switch unit form a B-phase bridge arm, the input end of the fifth power switch unit and the second power switch unit form a C-phase bridge arm, and the control mode of the three-phase inverter 103 may be any one of the following or a combination of several of the following: if any one or any two of A, B, C three-phase bridge arms and three bridge arms can be realized, 7 control heating modes are realized, and the method is flexible and simple. The switching of the bridge arms can be beneficial to realizing the large, medium and small selection of heating power, for example, for small-power heating, any phase of bridge arm power switches can be selected for control, and three-phase bridge arms can be switched in turn, for example, an A-phase bridge arm works alone first, a first power switch unit and a fourth power switch unit are controlled to heat for a period of time, then a B-phase bridge arm works alone, a third power switch unit and a sixth power switch unit are controlled to heat for the same period of time, then a C-phase bridge arm works alone, a fifth power switch unit and a second power switch unit are controlled to heat for the same period of time, and then the A-phase bridge arm works, so that the three-phase inverter 103 and a three-phase coil are circulated to be electrified and heated in turn, and three-phase heating is more balanced; for medium-power heating, any two-phase bridge arm power switches can be selected for control, and three-phase bridge arms can be switched in turn, for example, an AB-phase bridge arm works first, a first power switch unit, a fourth power switch unit, a third power switch unit and a sixth power switch unit are controlled to heat for a period of time, then a BC-phase bridge arm works, a third power switch unit, a sixth power switch unit, a fifth power switch unit and a second power switch unit are controlled to heat for the same time, then a CA-phase bridge arm works, a fifth power switch unit, a second power switch unit, a first power switch unit and a fourth power switch unit are controlled to heat for the same time, and then the CA-phase bridge arm works, and the steps are repeated to realize that the three-phase inverter 103 and a three-phase coil heat more evenly; for high-power heating, a three-phase bridge arm power switch can be selected to be synchronously controlled, three-phase currents are balanced due to the theoretical balance of a three-phase loop, the three-phase inverter 103 and a three-phase coil generate heat, the balanced three-phase currents are direct currents, the average values of the three-phase currents are basically consistent, and the three-phase synthesized magnetomotive force in the motor is basically zero due to the symmetry of three-phase windings, so that the magnetic field of a stator is basically zero, the motor basically generates no torque, and the stress of a transmission system is greatly reduced.
The following describes the technical solution of the present embodiment specifically through a specific circuit structure:
fig. 3 is an exemplary circuit diagram of the power battery charging device provided in this embodiment, in order to facilitate the description of the power battery charging device, other electrical devices are omitted from the upper diagram, only the external power module 101, the energy storage module 107, the power battery 106, the three-phase inverter 103 and the three-phase ac motor 104 are considered, the first switch module 102 includes a switch K1 and a switch K2, the second switch module 105 includes a switch K5 and a switch K6, the energy storage module includes a switch K3, a switch K4 and an inductor L, the first power switch unit in the three-phase inverter 103 includes a first upper bridge arm VT1 and a first upper bridge diode VD1, the second power switch unit includes a second lower bridge arm VT2 and a second lower bridge diode VD2, the third power switch unit includes a third upper bridge arm VT3 and a third upper bridge diode VD3, the fourth power switch unit includes a fourth lower bridge arm 4 and a fourth lower bridge diode VD4, the fifth power switch unit includes a fifth upper bridge arm VT5 and a fifth upper bridge diode VD5, the sixth power switch unit includes a sixth lower bridge arm VT6 and a sixth lower bridge diode VD6, the three-phase ac motor 104 is a three-phase four-wire system, and may be a permanent magnet synchronous motor or an asynchronous motor, a neutral line is led out from a connection midpoint of three-phase coils, and the neutral line is connected with an inductor L, the three-phase coils of the motor are respectively connected with the upper and lower bridge arms A, B, C in the three-phase inverter 103, when the control module 108 detects that the highest output voltage of the external power module 101 is lower than the voltage of the power battery 106, the control step of the control module 108 specifically includes:
step 1, when the direct current charging gun is inserted into the direct current charging pile interface, the battery manager detects the temperature of the power battery 106.
And 2, judging whether the temperature of the current power battery 106 is lower than a preset temperature.
And 3, if the temperature of the power battery 106 is lower than the preset temperature, entering a power battery 106 heating program to heat the temperature of the power battery 106 to be higher than the preset temperature.
And 4, if the current temperature of the power battery 106 is higher than the preset temperature, detecting the highest output voltage Uin of the direct current charging pile and the voltage Udc of the power battery 106, and judging the voltage of the two.
And 5, when Uin is less than Udcmin, considering that the voltage of the direct current charging pile is lower than the voltage of the battery, and charging the battery by adopting a direct current boosting charging mode.
Step 6, as shown in fig. 4, the battery manager controls the switch K1 and the switch K3 to be turned on, the motor controller controls the lower bridge power switch of the three-phase inverter 103 to be turned on and the upper bridge power switch to be turned off during the PWM cycle, at this time, the external power supply module 101 discharges, the current passes through the positive electrode of the external power supply module 101, the switch K3, the inductor L, the three-phase ac motor 104, and the lower bridge power switch (the second lower bridge arm VT2, the fourth lower bridge arm VT4, the sixth lower bridge arm VT6) of the three-phase inverter 103, and the switch K1 forms a first energy storage loop, the external power supply module 101 stores and charges the energy of the inductor L and the three-phase coil of the motor, at this time, the three-phase coils are simultaneously turned on, the current is simultaneously increased, the inductor starts to store energy, and at this time, the left end of the inductor voltage is positive and the right end is negative.
Step 7, as shown in fig. 5, the battery manager controls the switch K1, the switch K3, the switch K5 and the switch K6 to be turned on, the motor controller controls the upper bridge power switch of the three-phase inverter 103 to be turned on and the lower bridge power switch to be turned off during the PWM period, at this time, the external power module 101 discharges, the current passes through the first charging loop formed by the positive pole of the external power module 101, the switch K3, the inductor L, the three-phase ac motor 104 and the upper bridge power switch (the first upper bridge diode VD1, the third upper bridge diode VD3, the fifth upper bridge diode VD5), the switch K5, the power battery 106, the switch K6 and the switch K1, at this time, the current in the three-phase coil flows current through the three-phase upper bridge diodes at the same time, the inductor starts to discharge, the current is simultaneously reduced, at this time, the left end of the inductor voltage is negative, the right end is positive, the inductor voltage, the voltage of the three-phase coil and the dc voltage are superimposed on the charging pile, thereby realizing boosting to charge the battery.
And 9, the battery manager acquires the battery charging current, when the current is smaller than the current value corresponding to the required charging power, the motor controller adjusts and increases the PWM conduction duty ratio, when the current is larger than the current value corresponding to the required charging power, the motor controller adjusts and decreases the PWM conduction duty ratio, the duty ratio can be controlled by adopting PI operation, PR operation or a sliding mode variable structure control algorithm for calculation, the duty ratio is regulated and controlled until the charging power is met, and meanwhile, the three-phase current of the motor and the winding temperature are detected, so that the overcurrent and overtemperature control is facilitated.
And 10, repeating the steps 2-9 before the battery is fully charged, and if the battery is fully charged, turning off 6 power switches of the three-phase inverter 103 by the motor controller and turning off switches K1, K3, K5 and K6 by the battery manager.
For convenience of understanding, current flow arrows in the energy storage stage and the discharge stage are marked in fig. 4 and 5. Even if the inductance values of the three-phase coils are not completely consistent, the ripple slope and the peak value of the phase current are also mainly influenced, the three-phase current is direct current, the average values of the three-phase current are basically consistent, namely the average values of the three-phase current are basically consistent in the charging process, so that the three phases of the motor and the inverter generate heat basically consistently, and the three-phase windings are symmetrical, so that the three-phase synthetic magnetomotive force in the motor is basically zero, the stator magnetic field is basically zero, the motor basically has no torque, and the stress of a transmission system is favorably and greatly reduced.
Fig. 6 and 7 are schematic diagrams of current paths for charging a power battery by an external power module dropping voltage according to a first embodiment of the present application, which are different from the above steps in step 6 and step 7:
step 6, as shown in fig. 6, the battery manager controls the switch K1, the switch K2, the switch K4, and the switch K6 to be turned on, the motor controller controls the upper bridge power switch of the three-phase inverter 103 to be turned on during the PWM cycle, the small bridge power switch is turned off, at this time, the external power module 101 discharges, the current passes through the positive electrode of the external power module 101, the switch K2, and the upper bridge power switch (the first upper bridge arm VT1, the third upper bridge arm VT3, and the fifth upper bridge arm VT5) of the three-phase inverter 103, the three-phase ac motor 104, the inductor L, the switch K4, the power battery 106, the switch K6, and the switch K1 to form a first energy storage charging circuit, the external power module 101 charges the inductor L and the three-phase coil of the motor, at this time, the three-phase coils are simultaneously turned on, the current is simultaneously increased, the inductor starts to store energy, at this time, the left end of the inductor voltage is negative, and the right end is positive.
Step 7, as shown in fig. 7, the battery manager controls the switch K1, the switch K2, the switch K4 and the switch K6 to be turned on, the motor controller controls the upper bridge power switch of the three-phase inverter 103 to be turned off and the lower bridge power switch to be turned on during the on period of the PWM cycle, at this time, the three-phase ac motor 104 and the inductor L are discharged, the current passes through a first follow current charging loop formed by the three-phase ac motor 104, the inductor L, the switch K4, the power battery 106, the switch K6 and the lower bridge power switch (a second lower bridge diode VD2, a fourth lower bridge diode VD4 and a sixth lower bridge diode VD6), at this time, the current in the three-phase coil simultaneously follows current through the three-phase lower bridge diodes, the inductor starts to discharge, the current is simultaneously reduced, and the left end and the right end of the inductor voltage are positive and negative, so as to reduce the voltage and charge the battery.
In an embodiment of the present application, as shown in fig. 8, the power battery discharging apparatus includes a first switch module 102, a three-phase inverter 103, a three-phase ac motor 104, an energy storage module 107, a second switch module 105, and a control module 108, the power battery discharging apparatus is connected to an electricity utilization module 140 through the first switch module 102, the power battery discharging apparatus is connected to a power battery 106 through the second switch module 105, the three-phase inverter 103 is connected between the first switch module 102 and the second switch module 105, a three-phase coil of the three-phase ac motor 104 is connected to a three-phase bridge arm of the three-phase inverter 103, a first end of the energy storage module 107 is connected to a Y-shaped connection point of the three-phase coil of the ac motor 104, a second end of the energy storage module 107 is connected to the electricity utilization module 140, a third end of the energy storage module 107 is connected to the power battery 106, and the control module 107 is respectively connected to the first switch module 102, The three-phase inverter 103, the three-phase alternating current motor 104, the second switching module 105 and the energy storage module 107 are connected; the control module 108 compares the voltage of the power battery 106 with the voltage of the power utilization module 140, and controls the first switch module 102, the second switch module 105, and the three-phase inverter 103 according to the comparison result, so that the power battery 106 performs step-up discharge, step-down discharge, or direct discharge on the power utilization module 140.
The difference between the second embodiment of the present application and the first embodiment of the present application is that the first embodiment of the present application is used to charge the power battery 106 by the external power module 101, and the second embodiment of the present application is used to discharge the power module 140 by the power battery 106, so that the power battery 106 can also perform voltage boosting to discharge the power module 140, and the power battery 106 can perform voltage reduction to discharge the power module 140, besides the power battery 106 can directly discharge the power module 140.
When a vehicle pair-external discharge mode is started, when the control module 108 detects that the power utilization module 140 is connected to a circuit, for example, when a battery is plugged into a discharge interface on the vehicle, the control module 108 compares the voltage of the power battery 106 with the voltage of the power utilization module 140, selects different discharge modes to discharge the power utilization module 140 according to the comparison result, when the highest output voltage of the power battery 106 is lower than the voltage of the power utilization module 140, the power utilization module 140 can be discharged in a direct-current boost discharge mode, because the three-phase coil of the three-phase alternating-current motor 104 and the energy storage module 107 can store electric energy, the power battery 106 can be controlled to discharge the three-phase coil of the three-phase alternating-current motor 104 and the energy storage module 107 by controlling the first switch module 102, the second switch module 105 and the three-phase inverter 103, and then the power battery 106, the energy storage module 107 and the three-phase coil of the three-phase alternating-current motor 104 are controlled to discharge the power utilization module 140, because the energy storage module 107 and the three-phase coil of the three-phase alternating current motor 104 also output voltages at this time, the voltage output by the power battery 106 is superposed with the voltages output by the energy storage module 107 and the three-phase coil, so that the boosting discharge of the power utilization module 140 is realized, and the normal discharge of the power utilization module 140 can be realized; when the control module 108 detects that the lowest output voltage of the power battery 106 is higher than the voltage of the power utilization module 140, the control module 108 controls the first switch module 102, the second switch module 105 and the three-phase inverter 103 to enable the power battery 106 to discharge the three-phase alternating current motor 104, the energy storage module 107 and the power utilization module 140, and enables the power battery 106 to discharge through the three-phase alternating current motor 104 and the energy storage module 107, and during the discharging process, due to the voltage division effect of the three-phase alternating current motor 104 and the energy storage module 107, and the voltage of the three-phase alternating current motor 104 and the energy storage module 107 is lower than the voltage of the power battery 106, the power utilization module 140 can be discharged after the output voltage of the power battery 106 is reduced, in the embodiment of the application, a neutral line is led out from the three-phase alternating current motor 104, and then a different loop is formed with the power battery 106, the energy storage module 107 and the three-phase inverter 103, when the control module 108 detects that the voltage of the power battery 106 is lower than the voltage of the power utilization module 140, the original energy storage module 107 and the three-phase alternating-current motor 104 are used for boosting the voltage of the power battery 106 and then discharging the power utilization module 140, when the control module 108 detects that the voltage of the power battery 106 is higher than the voltage of the power utilization module 140, the original energy storage module 107 and the three-phase alternating-current motor 104 are used for reducing the voltage of the power battery 106 and then discharging the power utilization module 140, and when the control module 108 detects that the voltage of the power utilization module 140 is within the output voltage range of the power battery 106, the power utilization module 140 is directly discharged.
In one embodiment, when the control module 108 detects that the maximum output voltage of the power battery 106 is lower than the voltage of the electricity utilization module 140, the control module 108 controls the first switching module 102, the second switching module 105 and the three-phase inverter 103 to alternate the discharging process of the power battery 106 to the energy storage module 107 and the three-phase coil of the three-phase ac motor 104 and the discharging process of the power battery 106, the energy storage module 107 and the three-phase coil of the three-phase ac motor 104 to the electricity utilization module 140, so as to boost and discharge the electricity utilization module 140 of the power battery 106.
Further, as shown in fig. 9, the energy storage module 107 includes a third switch 123, a fourth switch 124 and an energy storage device 130, a first terminal of the third switch 123, and a first terminal of the fourth switch 124 are connected together, a second terminal of the energy storage device 130 is the first terminal of the energy storage module 107, a second terminal of the third switch 123 is the second terminal of the energy storage module 107, and a second terminal of the fourth switch 124 is the third terminal of the energy storage module 107. The third switch 123 and the fourth switch 124 are both connected to the control module 108.
Further, the first switch module 102 includes a first switch 121 and a second switch 122, and a first end of the first switch 121 and a first end of the second switch 122 are respectively connected to the positive electrode and the negative electrode of the power utilization module 140; the second switch module 105 comprises a fifth switch 125 and a sixth switch 126, wherein a first end of the fifth switch 125 and a first end of the sixth switch 126 are respectively connected with the positive pole and the negative pole of the power battery 106; a second terminal of the second switch 122, a second terminal of the fifth switch 125, and a first terminal of the three-phase inverter 103 are connected; a second terminal of the first switch 121, a second terminal of the sixth switch 126, and a second terminal of the three-phase inverter 103 are connected.
On the basis of the above structure, in a state where the power battery discharge device is connected to the electricity utilization module 140 and the power battery 106, the fourth switch 124, the energy storage device 130, the three-phase ac motor 104, the three-phase inverter 103, and the sixth switch 126 constitute a second energy storage circuit, and the power battery 106, the fourth switch 124, the energy storage device 130, the three-phase ac motor 104, the three-phase inverter 103, the second switch 122, the electricity utilization module 140, the first switch 121, and the sixth switch 126 constitute a first discharge circuit; when the control module 108 detects that the voltage of the power battery 106 is lower than the voltage of the power utilization module 140, the first switch 121, the second switch 122, the fourth switch 124 and the sixth switch 126 are controlled to be turned on, and the second energy storage loop and the first discharge loop are alternately turned on by controlling the three-phase inverter 103.
The control module 108 controls the first switch 121, the second switch 122, the fourth switch 124 and the sixth switch 126 to be turned on, and outputs a PWM control signal to the three-phase inverter 103 to cause the power battery 106 to discharge the second energy storage loop in an on-period, so that the second energy storage loop forms an inductive energy storage loop, and then the PWM control signal controls the first discharge loop to be turned on in an off-period, the energy storage device 130 and the three-phase ac motor 104 both have current outputs, so that the first discharge loop forms a current freewheeling loop, that is, in the process of alternately turning on the second energy storage loop and the first discharge loop, the three-phase inverter 103 and the three-phase ac motor 104 are firstly in a charging state and then in a discharging state, in this embodiment, the electric module 140 is used to charge the three-phase inverter 103, the second switch 122, the fourth switch 124 and the sixth switch 126, The three-phase inverter 103, the three-phase alternating current motor 104 and the power battery 106 form different energy storage loops and discharge loops, and the boosting discharge of the power battery 106 to the power utilization module 140 is realized by controlling the first switch 121, the second switch 122, the fourth switch 124 and the sixth switch 126 to be conducted and enabling the second energy storage loop and the first discharge loop to be conducted alternately.
In another embodiment, when the control module 108 detects that the voltage of the power battery 106 is higher than the voltage of the power utilization module 140, the control module 108 controls the first switching module 102, the second switching module 105 and the three-phase inverter 103 to alternate the discharging process of the power battery 106 to the energy storage device 130, the three-phase coil of the three-phase ac motor 104 and the discharging process of the energy storage device 130 and the three-phase coil of the three-phase ac motor 104 to the power utilization module 140, so as to discharge the power battery 106 to the power utilization module 140 in a voltage reduction manner.
In a state that the power battery discharge device is connected to the electricity utilization module 140 and the power battery 106, the fifth switch 125, the three-phase inverter 103, the three-phase alternating current motor 104, the energy storage device 130, the third switch 123, the electricity utilization module 140, the first switch 121 and the sixth switch 126 form a first energy storage and discharge loop, and the three-phase alternating current motor 104, the energy storage device 130, the third switch 123, the electricity utilization module 140, the first switch 121 and the three-phase inverter 103 form a first follow current discharge loop; when the control module 108 detects that the voltage of the power battery 106 is higher than the voltage of the power utilization module 140, the first switch 121, the third switch 123, the fifth switch 125 and the sixth switch 126 are controlled to be turned on, and the first energy storage and discharge loop and the first freewheeling and discharge loop are alternately turned on by controlling the three-phase inverter 103.
The control module 108 controls the first switch 121, the third switch 123, the fifth switch 125 and the sixth switch 126 to be turned on, and outputs a PWM control signal to the three-phase inverter 103 to discharge the first energy storage discharge circuit by using the electrical module 140 in an on period, and then the PWM control signal controls the first freewheeling discharge circuit to be turned on in an off period, and both the energy storage device 130 and the three-phase ac motor 104 have current output, that is, in the process of alternately turning on the first energy storage discharge circuit and the first freewheeling discharge circuit, due to the voltage division effect of the three-phase ac motor 104 and the energy storage device 130 in the discharge process, and the voltage of the three-phase ac motor 104 and the energy storage device 130 is lower than the voltage of the electrical module 140 in the discharge process, the power battery 106 can be discharged after the output voltage of the electrical module 140 is reduced.
The following describes the technical solution of the present embodiment specifically through a specific circuit structure:
fig. 10 and fig. 11 are schematic current paths of an embodiment of inductive energy storage stages in which the power battery of this embodiment boosts voltage to discharge to other electric devices, and in order to implement a boost charging mode, the step of the control module specifically includes:
step 1, when the electric equipment is plugged into a vehicle discharging interface, the temperature of the power battery 106 is detected.
And 2, judging whether the temperature of the current power battery 106 is lower than a preset temperature.
And 3, if the temperature of the power battery 106 is lower than the preset temperature, entering a power battery 106 heating program to heat the temperature of the power battery 106 to be higher than the preset temperature.
And 4, if the current temperature of the power battery 106 is higher than the preset temperature, detecting the voltage Uin of the direct current charging interface and the voltage Udc of the power battery 106, and judging the voltage of the direct current charging interface and the voltage Udc of the power battery 106.
And 5, when Udcmax is less than Uin, the voltage of the battery is considered to be lower than that of the direct-current charging interface, and the battery is adopted to boost the voltage to charge other equipment of the direct-current charging interface.
Step 6, as shown in fig. 10, the battery manager controls the switch K1, the switch K2, the switch K4, and the switch K6 to be turned on, the motor controller controls the upper bridge power switch of the three-phase inverter 103 to be turned off and the lower bridge power switch to be turned on during the on period of the PWM cycle, at this time, the power battery 106 discharges, the current passes through the positive electrode of the power battery 106, the switch K4, the inductor L, the three-phase ac motor 104, and the lower bridge power switch of the three-phase inverter 103 (the second lower bridge arm VT2, the fourth lower bridge arm VT4, the sixth lower bridge arm VT6), and the switch K6 to form a second energy storage loop, the power battery 106 charges the inductor L and the three-phase coil of the motor, at this time, the three-phase coils are simultaneously turned on, the current is simultaneously increased, the inductor starts to store energy, at this time, the left end of the inductor L is positive, and the right end is negative.
Step 7, as shown in fig. 11, the battery manager controls the switch K1, the switch K2, the switch K4 and the switch K6 to be turned on, the motor controller controls the upper bridge power switch of the three-phase inverter 103 to be turned on and the lower bridge power switch to be turned off during the PWM period, at this time, the power battery 106 discharges, the current passes through the first follow current discharge loop formed by the positive pole of the power battery 106, the switch K4, the inductor L, the three-phase ac motor 104 and the upper bridge power switch (the first upper bridge diode VD1, the third upper bridge diode VD3, the fifth upper bridge diode VD5) of the three-phase inverter 103, the switch K2, the external power module 101, the switch K1 and the switch K6, at this time, the current in the three-phase coil flows current through the three-phase upper bridge diodes simultaneously, the inductor starts to discharge, the current is reduced simultaneously, at this time, the left end of the inductor L is negative and the right end is positive, the voltage of the inductor voltage and the voltage of the three-phase coil are superimposed with the dc voltage, thereby realizing boosting to charge the external power supply module 101.
Step 9, the battery manager collects the current of the charging interface, when the current is smaller than the current value corresponding to the required charging power, the motor controller adjusts and increases the PWM conduction duty ratio, when the current is larger than the current value corresponding to the required charging power, the motor controller adjusts and decreases the PWM conduction duty ratio until the charging power is met, and meanwhile, the three-phase current of the motor is detected, so that overcurrent and overtemperature control are facilitated;
step 10, before the charging interface finishes charging, repeating the steps 2-9, if the battery is fully charged, the motor controller turns off 6 power switches of the three-phase inverter 103, and the battery manager turns off switches K1, K2, K4 and K6;
for convenience of understanding, current flow arrows in the energy storage stage and the discharge stage are marked in fig. 10 and 11. Even if the inductance values of the three-phase coils are not completely consistent, the ripple slope and the peak value of the phase current are also mainly influenced, the three-phase current is direct current, the average values of the three-phase current are basically consistent, namely the average values of the three-phase current are basically consistent in the charging process, so that the three phases of the motor and the inverter generate heat basically consistently, and the three-phase windings are symmetrical, so that the three-phase synthetic magnetomotive force in the motor is basically zero, the stator magnetic field is basically zero, the motor basically has no torque, and the stress of a transmission system is favorably and greatly reduced.
Fig. 12 and fig. 13 are schematic diagrams of current paths for charging the external power module by the power battery with voltage reduction, which are different from the above steps in step 6 and step 7:
step 6, as shown in fig. 12, the battery manager controls the switch K1, the switch K3, the switch K5 and the switch K6 to be turned on, the motor controller controls the upper bridge power switch of the three-phase inverter 103 to be turned on and the lower bridge power switch to be turned off during the PWM cycle, at this time, the power battery 106 discharges, the current passes through the positive electrode of the power battery 106, the switch K5, and the upper bridge power switch (the first upper bridge arm VT1, the third upper bridge arm VT3 and the fifth upper bridge arm VT5) of the three-phase inverter 103, the three-phase ac motor 104, the inductor L, the switch K3, the external power module 101, the switch K1 and the switch K6 to form a first energy storage and discharge loop, the power battery 106 charges the inductor L and the three-phase coil of the motor, at this time, the three-phase coils are turned on at the same time, the current increases at the same time, the inductor starts to store energy, at this time, the left end of the inductor voltage is negative, and the right end is positive, and the power battery is charged at the same time.
Step 7, as shown in fig. 13, the battery manager controls the switch K1, the switch K3, and the switch K5 to be turned on, the motor controller controls the upper bridge power switch of the three-phase inverter 103 to be turned off during the PWM period to be turned on, the lower bridge power switch is turned on, at this time, the three-phase ac motor 104 and the inductor L are discharged, the current passes through a first follow current discharge loop formed by the three-phase ac motor 104, the inductor L, the switch K3, the external power supply module 101, the switch K1, and the lower bridge power switch (the second lower bridge diode VD2, the fourth lower bridge diode VD4, and the sixth lower bridge diode VD6), at this time, the current in the three-phase coil simultaneously follows current through the three-phase lower bridge diodes, the inductor starts to discharge, the current is simultaneously reduced, and the left end and the right end of the inductor voltage are negative, thereby realizing the step-down voltage charging of the external power supply module 101.
The third embodiment of the present application provides a heating device for a vehicle, where the heating device includes a switch module 130, a three-phase inverter 103, a three-phase ac motor 104, an energy storage module 107, and a control module 108, the heating device is connected to a power supply module 140 through the switch module 130, a three-phase coil of the three-phase ac motor 104 is connected to a three-phase bridge arm of the three-phase inverter 103, a first end of the energy storage module 107 is connected to a Y-shaped connection point of the three-phase coil of the three-phase ac motor 104, a second end of the energy storage module 107 is connected to the power supply module 140, and the control module 140 is connected to the switch module 130, the three-phase inverter 103, the three-phase ac motor 104, and the energy storage module 107, respectively;
when the control module 108 acquires that the part to be heated needs to be heated, the switch module 130 is controlled to be conducted and the energy storage module 107 is controlled to be in a working state, and the three-phase inverter 103 is controlled to receive the charging process of the power supply module 140 on the three-phase coils of the energy storage module 107 and the three-phase alternating current motor 104 and the discharging process of the three-phase coils of the energy storage module 107 and the three-phase alternating current motor 104 are alternately performed, so that the energy storage module 107, the three-phase inverter 103 and the three-phase alternating current motor 104 heat the heat exchange medium flowing through at least one heat exchange medium pipeline of the energy storage module 107, the three-phase inverter 103 and the three-phase alternating current motor 104.
The power supply module 140 may be a power supply module inside the vehicle or a power supply module outside the vehicle, for example, the power supply provided by the power supply module 140 may be a direct current provided by a direct current charging pile, a direct current output by a single-phase or three-phase alternating current charging pile after rectification, an electric energy generated by a fuel cell, a power supply form such as a power supply form in which a range extender such as an engine rotates to drive a generator to generate electricity, a direct current rectified by a generator controller, and the like, or a power supply provided by a power battery inside the vehicle.
This application embodiment draws forth N line in three-phase AC motor, and then with power module, energy storage module and three-phase inverter constitute different return circuits, provide the heat source through the inside three-phase coil of three-phase AC motor, three-phase inverter and energy storage module and inside device that generates heat thereof, the heating of treating the heater block is realized through former cooling circuit behind the heating heat transfer medium, need not use the engine or increase heating device just can realize promoting the temperature of treating the heater block, and heating efficiency is high, it is fast to treat the heater block temperature rising.
In a specific embodiment, the component to be heated and the power supply module are the same component, such as a power battery. Like this, not only in the in-process that forms the circuit loop, power battery can make self temperature rise because of the internal resistance, and can also be through transferring the produced heat transfer of heating device in this application to power battery, promptly: the heating device in the application can be used for charging the power battery, can also be used for supplying power to the three-phase alternating current motor by the power battery so as to drive the wheels to rotate, and can also be used for providing a heat source for the power battery needing to be heated.
As a first implementation manner, the energy storage module includes a switching device and an energy storage device, a first end of the energy storage device and a first end of the switching device are connected together, a second end of the energy storage device is the first end of the energy storage module, and a second end of the switching device is the second end of the energy storage module.
The power supply module, the switching device, the energy storage module, the three-phase alternating current motor, the three-phase inverter and the switching module form an energy storage loop, and the three-phase alternating current motor, the three-phase inverter, the switching module and the energy storage module form a follow current loop;
when the control module acquires that the part to be heated needs to be heated, the switch module and the switch device are controlled to be conducted, and the three-phase inverter is controlled to enable the energy storage loop and the follow current loop to be conducted alternately, so that the three-phase inverter, the energy storage module and the three-phase alternating current motor heat a heat exchange medium flowing through at least one heat exchange medium pipeline in the three-phase inverter, the energy storage module and the three-phase alternating current motor.
In this embodiment, the first charging circuit and the discharging circuit are alternately turned on by controlling the three-phase inverter, so that the energy storage module, the three-phase inverter and the three-phase ac motor heat the heat exchange medium of at least one heat exchange medium pipeline in the energy storage module, the three-phase inverter and the three-phase ac motor, and when the heated heat exchange medium flows through the component to be heated, the temperature of the component to be heated is increased.
As an embodiment, as shown in fig. 1, the power supply module 140 is an external power supply module 101, and the devices to be heated are all power batteries 120, and due to the inherent characteristics of the batteries, the charging and discharging capability of the power battery 106 is greatly reduced in a low temperature state, which may affect the use of the new energy vehicle in a cold area, in order to make the power battery 106 work normally, it is necessary to raise the temperature of the power battery 106 when the temperature of the power battery 106 is too low, so that the temperature of the power battery 106 is obtained through the control module 108, the temperature of the power battery 106 may be obtained through a battery manager, the temperature of the power battery 106 is compared with a preset temperature value to determine whether the power battery 106 is in the low temperature state, when it is detected that the temperature of the power battery 106 is lower than the preset temperature value, the temperature of the power battery 106 may be raised by raising the temperature of a heat exchange medium flowing through the power battery 106, when the external power supply module 101 is connected, the heat exchange medium flowing through the power battery 106 can be heated by the external power supply module 101, because the energy storage module 107, the three-phase inverter 103 and the three-phase alternating current motor 104 all generate heat during the operation, the energy storage module 107, the three-phase inverter 103 and the three-phase alternating current motor 104 can be controlled to heat the coolant flowing through the power battery 106, the coolant can be heated by alternately operating the energy storage module 107, the three-phase inverter 103 and the three-phase alternating current motor 104, the first switching module 102, the second switching module 105, the energy storage module 107, the three-phase inverter 103, the three-phase alternating current motor 104 and the external power supply module 101 form a charging loop by controlling the first switching module 102, the second switching module 105 and the three-phase alternating current motor 104, and the external power supply module 101 charges the energy storage module 107 and the three-phase alternating current motor 104 through the charging loop, after the charging is completed, the external power supply module 101 is turned off, and then the first switching module 102, the energy storage module 107, the three-phase inverter 103 and the three-phase ac motor 104 form a discharging loop, so that the energy storage module 107 and the three-phase inverter 103 discharge electricity, and the energy storage module 107, the three-phase inverter 103 and the three-phase ac motor 104 heat the heat exchange medium flowing through the power battery 106. This application embodiment draws forth neutral conductor in three-phase alternating current motor 104, and then constitutes different return circuits with external power module 101, energy storage module 107 and three-phase inverter 103, provide the heat source through the inside three-phase coil of three-phase alternating current motor 104, three-phase inverter 103 and boost module and inside device that generates heat, realize the heating to power battery 106 through former cooling circuit behind the heating heat transfer medium, need not use the engine or increase heating device and just can realize promoting the temperature of power battery 106, and heating efficiency is high, power battery 106 temperature risees soon.
Further, as shown in fig. 2, the external power supply module 101, the third switch 123, the energy storage device 107, the three-phase ac motor 104, the three-phase inverter 103, and the first switch 121 form a first energy storage loop, and the three-phase ac motor 104, the three-phase inverter 103, the second switch 122, the third switch 123, and the energy storage module 107 form a first flywheel loop; when the control module 108 detects that the temperature of the power battery 106 is lower than a preset temperature value, the first switch 121, the second switch 122 and the third switch 123 are controlled to be turned on, and the first energy storage loop and the first freewheeling loop are alternately turned on by controlling the three-phase inverter 103.
The control module 108 controls the first switch 121, the third switch 123 and the third switch 123 to be turned on, outputs a PWM control signal to the three-phase inverter 103 to enable the external power module 101 to charge the first energy storage circuit in an on period, and in the process of charging the inductive energy storage circuit by the external power module 101, the inductive module, the three-phase ac motor 104 and the three-phase inverter 103 start to work as cooling liquid to heat, and then controls the first follow current circuit to be turned on in an off period by the PWM control signal, and the energy storage device 130 and the three-phase ac motor 104 both have current outputs, that is, in the process of alternately turning on the first energy storage circuit and the first follow current circuit, the energy storage device 130, the three-phase inverter 103 and the three-phase ac motor 104 are in working states The three-phase inverter and the three-phase alternating current motor heat a heat exchange medium flowing through the power battery.
Fig. 15 and 16 are schematic circuit path diagrams of an embodiment in which an external power module heats a power battery in the third embodiment of the present application, and in an inductive energy storage stage: the battery manager controls the switch K1, the switch K2 and the switch K3 to be switched on, the motor controller controls the upper bridge power switch of the three-phase inverter 103 to be switched off during the PWM cycle conduction period, the lower bridge power switch is switched on, at this time, the external power supply module 101 discharges, the current passes through the positive electrode of the external power supply module 101, the switch K3, the inductor L, the three-phase alternating-current motor 104, the lower bridge power switch of the three-phase inverter 103 (the second lower bridge arm VT2, the fourth lower bridge arm VT4 and the sixth lower bridge arm VT6) and the switch K1 to form a first energy storage loop, the inductor L and the three-phase coil of the motor are charged by the external power supply module 101, at this time, the three-phase coils are simultaneously switched on, the current is simultaneously increased, the inductor starts to store energy, at this time, the left end of the inductor voltage is positive and the right end is negative, and the difference between fig. 15 and fig. 4 is that the switch K2 is in a closed state.
And (3) an inductor discharging stage: as shown in fig. 16, the battery manager controls the switch K1, the switch K2 and the switch K3 to be turned on, the motor controller controls the upper bridge power switch of the three-phase inverter 103 to be turned on and the lower bridge power switch to be turned off during the PWM period, the three-phase ac motor 104 and the inductor L are discharged, the current flows through the three-phase ac motor 104, the upper bridge power switch (the first upper bridge diode VD1, the third upper bridge diode VD3 and the fifth upper bridge diode VD5), the switch K2, the switch K3 and the inductor L to form a first freewheeling circuit, the current in the three-phase coil freewheels through the three-phase upper bridge diodes at the same time, the inductor starts to be discharged, the current simultaneously decreases, the left end and the right end of the inductor voltage are negative, the control module controls the magnitude of the current flowing in the inductor and the motor coil by outputting the PWM control signal to the three-phase inverter, the current flows in the inductor and the motor winding to generate heat, heating of the power cell 106 is achieved.
In another embodiment, the power supply module is the external power supply module 101, and when the control module 108 detects that the temperature of the power battery 106 is lower than the preset temperature value, the second switching module 105 and the three-phase inverter 103 are controlled to alternately perform a charging process of the power battery 106 on the energy storage module 107 and the three-phase coil of the three-phase ac motor 104 and a discharging process of the energy storage module 107 and the three-phase coil of the three-phase ac motor 104, so that the energy storage module 107, the three-phase inverter 103 and the three-phase ac motor 104 heat the coolant flowing through the power battery 106.
The present embodiment is different from the above-described embodiments in that when the external power supply module 101 is not connected, the cooling liquid can be heated by discharging the power battery 106, the first switch module 102, the second switch module 105, the energy storage module 107, the three-phase inverter 103, the three-phase alternating current motor 104 and the power battery 106 form an energy storage loop by controlling the first switch module 102, the second switch module 105 and the three-phase inverter 103, the power battery 106 charges the energy storage module 107 and the three-phase alternating current motor 104 through the charging loop, the power battery 106 is turned off after the charging is finished, then the first switch module 102, the energy storage module 107, the three-phase inverter 103 and the three-phase alternating current motor 104 form a follow current loop, and the energy storage module 107 and the three-phase inverter 103 are discharged, so that the energy storage module 107, the three-phase inverter 103 and the three-phase alternating current motor 104 heat the cooling liquid flowing through the power battery 106.
Further, the power battery 106, the fourth switch 124, the energy storage module 107, the three-phase alternating-current motor 104, the three-phase inverter 103 and the sixth switch 126 form a second energy storage loop, and the three-phase alternating-current motor 104, the three-phase inverter 103, the fifth switch 125, the fourth switch 124 and the energy storage module 107 form a second freewheeling loop; when the control module 108 detects that the temperature of the power battery 106 is lower than the preset temperature value, the fourth switch 124, the fifth switch 125 and the sixth switch 126 are controlled to be turned on, and the second energy storage loop and the second freewheeling loop are alternately turned on by controlling the three-phase inverter 103.
Wherein, the control module 108 controls the fourth switch 124, the fifth switch 125 and the sixth switch 126 to be turned on, and outputs the PWM control signal to the three-phase inverter 103 to enable the power battery 106 to charge the second energy storage loop in the on period, during the charging of the inductive energy storage circuit by the power battery 106, the inductive module, the three-phase ac motor 104 and the three-phase inverter 103 start to work as the cooling liquid for heating, and then the PWM control signal controls the second freewheeling loop to be turned on in the off period, and the energy storage device 130 and the three-phase ac motor 104 both have current outputs, so that the second freewheeling loop forms a current freewheeling loop, that is, during the alternating conduction of the second energy storage loop and the second freewheeling loop, the energy storage device 130, the three-phase inverter 103 and the three-phase ac motor 104 are in the working state, in this embodiment, by making the second energy storage loop and the second freewheeling loop be alternately turned on, the energy storage module, the three-phase inverter 103 and the three-phase alternating current motor 104 are enabled to heat the heat exchange medium flowing through the power battery 106.
Fig. 17 is a schematic current path diagram of an embodiment in which electric energy is output from a power battery for heating in the third embodiment of the present application, and in an inductive energy storage stage: the battery manager controls the switch K2, the switch K3, the switch K4 and the switch K6 to be switched on, the motor controller controls an upper bridge power switch of the three-phase inverter 103 to be switched off and a lower bridge power switch of the three-phase inverter 103 to be switched on during the PWM cycle, then the power battery 106 discharges, current passes through the positive electrode of the power battery 106, the switch K4, the inductor L, the three-phase alternating-current motor 104 and the lower bridge power switch of the three-phase inverter 103 (the second lower bridge arm VT2, the fourth lower bridge arm VT4 and the sixth lower bridge arm VT6) to form a second energy storage loop, and an inductor energy storage loop is formed, the power battery 106 charges the inductor L and a three-phase coil of the motor, at the moment, the three-phase coils are switched on simultaneously, the current is increased simultaneously, energy storage is started, and at the left end and the right end of the inductor voltage are negative.
And (3) an inductor discharging stage: as shown in fig. 18, the battery manager controls the switch K2, the switch K3, the switch K4 and the switch K6 to be turned on, the motor controller controls the upper bridge power switch of the three-phase inverter 103 to be turned on and the lower bridge power switch to be turned off during the PWM period, when the three-phase ac motor 104 and the inductor L are discharged, the current flows through the three-phase ac motor 104, the upper bridge power switch (the first upper bridge diode VD1, the third upper bridge diode VD3 and the fifth upper bridge diode VD5), the switch K2, the switch K3 and the inductor L form a second freewheeling circuit, when the current in the three-phase coil freewheels through the three-phase upper bridge diodes at the same time, the inductor starts to be discharged, the current simultaneously decreases, when the left end of the inductor voltage is positive and the right end is negative, the control module controls the magnitude of the current flowing in the inductor and the motor coil by outputting the PWM control signal to the three-phase inverter, the current flows in the inductor and the motor winding, heating of the power cell 106 is achieved.
Another embodiment of the present application provides a vehicle, which further includes a power battery charging device, a power battery discharging device, or a heating device provided in the above embodiments.
Specifically, as shown in fig. 19, the control module includes a vehicle control unit 301, a battery manager 302, a first motor controller 305, and a second motor controller 303, the vehicle control unit 301 is connected to the battery manager 302, the first motor controller 305, and the second motor controller 303 through a CAN bus, the dc charging pile is electrically connected to the first three-phase ac motor 306 through a connection line 307, the dc charging pile is electrically connected to the second three-phase ac motor 304 through a connection line 310, the power battery is electrically connected to the first motor controller 305 and the second motor controller 303, the cooling liquid tank 308, the water pump 309, the first three-phase ac motor 306, the first motor controller 305, the second three-phase ac motor 304, the second motor controller, and the power battery form a cooling liquid pipeline, the battery manager 302 is configured to collect power battery information including voltage, current, temperature, and the like, the motor controller is used for controlling power switches of an upper bridge and a lower bridge of the three-phase inverter and collecting three-phase current, and the vehicle controller is used for managing the operation of a whole vehicle and other controller equipment on the vehicle. The battery manager 302 and the motor controller are communicated with the vehicle control unit 301 through a CAN (controller area network) line, when the vehicle control unit 301 detects that the power battery needs to be heated, the water pump 309 is controlled to pump cooling liquid out of the cooling liquid tank 308, the cooling liquid flows through the power battery through the first three-phase alternating current motor 306, the first motor controller 305, the second three-phase alternating current motor 304 and the second motor controller 303 in sequence, the vehicle control unit 301 controls the first three-phase alternating current motor 306, the first motor controller 305, the second three-phase alternating current motor 304 and the second motor controller 303 to work so as to heat the cooling liquid, and then when the cooling liquid flows through the power battery, the temperature of the power battery is increased.
Further, as shown in fig. 20, the three-phase ac motor 102 includes a motor shaft 125a, a stator assembly 127a, and a motor housing 123a, the motor shaft 125a is connected to the stator assembly 127a and the bearing seat 124a, the stator assembly 127a is disposed in the motor housing 123a, the motor housing 123a is provided with a heat exchange medium inlet 121a and a heat exchange medium outlet 126a through which the heat exchange medium 122a flows in and out, a heat exchange medium channel is disposed between the motor housing 123a and the stator assembly 127a, and the heat exchange medium channel is connected to the heat exchange medium inlet 121a and the heat exchange medium outlet 126 a.
The heat exchange medium channel may be provided between the motor housing 123a and the stator assembly 127a, and the heat exchange medium channel spirally surrounding the stator assembly 127a is provided in the motor housing 123 a.
According to the three-phase alternating current motor, the heat exchange medium channel is arranged between the motor shell 123a and the stator assembly 127a and is connected with the heat exchange medium inlet 121a and the heat exchange medium outlet 126a, so that heat generated by the motor can be effectively absorbed by heat exchange medium in the heat exchange medium channel, the channel does not need to be arranged inside the motor shaft 125a or the stator assembly 127a, the structural influence on the motor is small, the implementation mode is simple, and the cost is low.
The device comprises a power supply module, a three-phase inverter, a stator assembly, a battery cooling circuit, a stator assembly, a battery cooling circuit and a battery, wherein the three-phase inverter is controlled to enable the power supply module to alternately perform a charging process of a three-phase coil and a discharging process of the three-phase coil, so that the three-phase inverter and a three-phase alternating current motor heat a heat exchange medium flowing through at least one of the three-phase inverter and the three-phase alternating current motor through the electric driving cooling circuit, the heat exchange medium flows into a heat exchange medium inlet of the three-phase alternating current motor, the stator assembly heats the heat exchange medium in a heat exchange medium pipeline, and when the heated heat exchange medium flows through the battery cooling circuit to be heated, the temperature of the component to be heated is increased.
The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present application, and not to limit the same; although the present application has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it should be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments may still be modified, or some technical features may be equivalently replaced; such modifications and substitutions do not substantially depart from the spirit and scope of the embodiments of the present application and are intended to be included within the scope of the present application.

Claims (19)

1. A power battery charging device is characterized by comprising a first switch module, a three-phase inverter, a three-phase alternating current motor, an energy storage module, a second switch module and a control module, wherein the power battery charging device is connected to an external power supply module through the first switch module, the power battery charging device is connected to a power battery through the second switch module, the three-phase inverter is connected between the first switch module and the second switch module, a three-phase coil of the three-phase alternating current motor is connected to a three-phase bridge arm of the three-phase inverter, a first end of the energy storage module is connected with a Y-shaped connection point of the three-phase coil of the three-phase alternating current motor, a second end of the energy storage module is connected with the external power supply module, and a third end of the energy storage module is connected with the power battery, the control module is respectively connected with the first switch module, the three-phase inverter, the three-phase alternating current motor, the second switch module and the energy storage module;
the control module compares the acquired voltage of the external power supply module with the acquired voltage of the power battery, and controls the first switch module, the second switch module, the energy storage module and the three-phase inverter according to a comparison result, so that the external power supply module performs boost charging, buck charging or direct charging on the power battery.
2. The power battery charging device according to claim 1, wherein when the highest output voltage of the external power supply module obtained by the control module is lower than the obtained voltage of the power battery, the control module controls the first switching module, the second switching module, the energy storage module and the three-phase inverter to alternate an energy storage process of the energy storage module and a three-phase coil of the three-phase ac motor by the external power supply module and a charging process of the power battery by the three-phase coil of the external power supply module, the energy storage module and the three-phase ac motor, so that the external power supply module performs boost charging on the power battery.
3. The power battery charging device according to claim 1, wherein when the control module detects that the lowest output voltage of the external power supply module is higher than the voltage of the power battery, the control module controls the first switching module, the second switching module, the energy storage module and the three-phase inverter to enable the external power supply module to alternate the charging process of the energy storage module, the three-phase coil of the three-phase alternating current motor and the power battery and the charging process of the energy storage module and the three-phase coil of the three-phase alternating current motor and the power battery so as to enable the external power supply module to perform step-down charging on the power battery.
4. The power battery charging device according to claim 2 or 3, wherein the energy storage module comprises a third switch, a fourth switch and an energy storage device, a first end of the third switch and a first end of the fourth switch are connected together, a second end of the energy storage device is a first end of the energy storage module, a second end of the third switch is a second end of the energy storage module, and a second end of the fourth switch is a third end of the energy storage module.
5. The power battery charging device according to claim 4, wherein the first switch module comprises a first switch and a second switch, a first end of the first switch and a first end of the second switch being connected to a positive pole and a negative pole of the external power supply module, respectively; the second switch module comprises a fifth switch and a sixth switch, and the first end of the fifth switch and the first end of the sixth switch are respectively connected with the positive electrode and the negative electrode of the power battery; a second end of the second switch, a second end of the fifth switch, and a first end of the three-phase inverter are connected; a second terminal of the first switch, a second terminal of the sixth switch, and a second terminal of the three-phase inverter are connected.
6. The power battery charging apparatus according to claim 5, wherein, in a state where the power battery charging apparatus is connected to the external power supply module and the power battery, the external power supply module, the third switch, the energy storage device, the three-phase alternating-current motor, the three-phase inverter, and the first switch constitute a first energy storage circuit, and the external power supply module, the third switch, the energy storage device, the three-phase alternating-current motor, the three-phase inverter, the fifth switch, the power battery, the sixth switch, and the first switch constitute a first charging circuit;
when the control module detects that the voltage of the external power supply module is lower than the voltage of the power battery, the control module controls the first switch, the third switch, the fifth switch and the sixth switch to be conducted, and controls the three-phase inverter to enable the first energy storage loop and the first charging loop to be conducted alternately, so that the external power supply module performs boost charging on the power battery.
7. The power battery charging apparatus according to claim 5, wherein in a state where the power battery charging apparatus is connected to the external power supply module and the power battery, the external power supply module, the second switch, the three-phase inverter, the three-phase alternating current motor, the energy storage device, the fourth switch, the power battery, the sixth switch, and the first switch constitute a first energy storage charging circuit, and the three-phase alternating current motor, the energy storage device, the fourth switch, the power battery, the sixth switch, and the three-phase inverter constitute a first free-wheeling charging circuit;
when the control module detects that the voltage of the external power supply module is higher than the voltage of the power battery, the control module controls the first switch, the second switch, the fourth switch and the sixth switch to be switched on, and controls the three-phase inverter to enable the first energy storage charging loop and the first follow current charging loop to be alternately switched on, so that the external power supply module performs step-down charging on the power battery.
8. The power battery discharging device is characterized by comprising a first switch module, a three-phase inverter, a three-phase alternating current motor, an energy storage module, a second switch module and a control module, wherein the power battery discharging device is connected to an electricity utilization module through the first switch module, the power battery discharging device is connected to a power battery through the second switch module, the three-phase inverter is connected between the first switch module and the second switch module, a three-phase coil of the three-phase alternating current motor is connected to a three-phase bridge arm of the three-phase inverter, a first end of the energy storage module is connected with a connection point of the three-phase coil of the three-phase alternating current motor, a second end of the energy storage module is connected with the electricity utilization module, a third end of the energy storage module is connected with the power battery, and the control module is respectively connected with the first switch module, The three-phase inverter, the three-phase alternating current motor, the second switch module and the energy storage module are connected;
the control module compares the acquired voltage of the power battery with the acquired voltage of the power utilization module, and controls the first switch module, the second switch module, the energy storage module and the three-phase inverter according to a comparison result, so that the power battery performs voltage boosting discharge, voltage reduction discharge or direct discharge on the power utilization module.
9. The power battery discharging device according to claim 8, wherein when the control module detects that the highest output voltage of the power battery is lower than the voltage of the electricity utilization module, the control module controls the first switching module, the second switching module, the energy storage module and the three-phase inverter to enable the power battery to alternately perform an energy storage process on the energy storage module and a three-phase coil of the three-phase alternating current motor and a discharging process on the electricity utilization module by the power battery, the energy storage module and the three-phase coil of the three-phase alternating current motor, so that the power battery performs boost discharging on the electricity utilization module.
10. The power battery discharging device according to claim 9, wherein when the control module detects that the lowest output voltage of the power battery is higher than the voltage of the electricity utilization module, the control module controls the first switching module, the second switching module, the energy storage module and the three-phase inverter to alternate the discharging process of the power battery on the energy storage module, the three-phase coil of the three-phase ac motor and the discharging process of the energy storage module and the three-phase coil of the three-phase ac motor on the electricity utilization module, so that the power battery performs voltage reduction discharging on the electricity utilization module.
11. The power battery discharge device according to claim 9 or 10, wherein the energy storage module comprises a third switch, a fourth switch and an energy storage device, a first end of the third switch and a first end of the fourth switch are connected together, a second end of the energy storage device is a first end of the energy storage module, a second end of the third switch is a second end of the energy storage module, and a second end of the fourth switch is a third end of the energy storage module.
12. The power battery discharge device according to claim 11, wherein the first switch module comprises a first switch and a second switch, and a first end of the first switch and a first end of the second switch are respectively connected to a positive pole and a negative pole of the power module; the second switch module comprises a fifth switch and a sixth switch, and the first end of the fifth switch and the first end of the sixth switch are respectively connected with the positive electrode and the negative electrode of the power battery; a second end of the second switch, a second end of the fifth switch, and a first end of the three-phase inverter are connected; a second terminal of the first switch, a second terminal of the sixth switch, and a second terminal of the three-phase inverter are connected.
13. The power battery discharge apparatus according to claim 12, wherein in a state where the power battery discharge apparatus is connected to the electricity utilization module and the power battery, the fourth switch, the energy storage device, the three-phase alternating-current motor, the three-phase inverter, and the sixth switch constitute a second energy storage circuit, and the power battery, the fourth switch, the energy storage device, the three-phase alternating-current motor, the three-phase inverter, the second switch, the electricity utilization module, the first switch, and the sixth switch constitute a first discharge circuit;
when the control module detects that the power battery is lower than the voltage of the power utilization module, the first switch, the second switch, the fourth switch and the sixth switch are controlled to be switched on, and the second energy storage loop and the first discharging loop are alternately switched on by controlling the three-phase inverter.
14. The power battery discharge apparatus according to claim 12, wherein in a state where the power battery discharge apparatus is connected to the electricity utilization module and the power battery, the fifth switch, the three-phase inverter, the three-phase alternating-current motor, the energy storage device, the third switch, the electricity utilization module, the first switch, and the sixth switch constitute a first energy storage and discharge circuit, and the three-phase alternating-current motor, the energy storage device, the third switch, the electricity utilization module, the first switch, and the three-phase inverter constitute a first free-wheeling discharge circuit;
when the control module detects that the voltage of the power battery is higher than the voltage of the power utilization module, the control module controls the first switch, the third switch, the fifth switch and the sixth switch to be conducted, and controls the three-phase inverter to enable the first energy storage discharging loop and the first follow current discharging to be conducted alternately.
15. The heating device of the vehicle is characterized by comprising a switch module, a three-phase inverter, a three-phase alternating current motor, an energy storage module and a control module, wherein the heating device is connected to a power supply module through the switch module, a three-phase coil of the three-phase alternating current motor is connected to a three-phase bridge arm of the three-phase inverter, a first end of the energy storage module is connected with a Y-shaped connection point of the three-phase coil of the three-phase alternating current motor, a second end of the energy storage module is connected with the power supply module, and the control module is respectively connected with the switch module, the three-phase inverter, the three-phase alternating current motor and the energy storage module;
when the control module acquires that a part to be heated needs to be heated, the switch module is controlled to be switched on and controlled, the energy storage module is in a working state, and the three-phase inverter is controlled to receive the charging process of the energy storage module and the three-phase coil of the three-phase alternating current motor and the discharging process of the energy storage module and the three-phase coil of the three-phase alternating current motor are alternately performed, so that the energy storage module, the three-phase inverter and the three-phase alternating current motor heat the heat exchange medium flowing through at least one heat exchange medium pipeline in the energy storage module, the three-phase inverter and the three-phase alternating current motor.
16. The heating apparatus of claim 15, wherein the energy storage module comprises a switching device and an energy storage device, a first end of the energy storage device and a first end of the switching device are connected together, a second end of the energy storage device is the first end of the energy storage module, and a second end of the switching device is the second end of the energy storage module.
17. The heating apparatus as claimed in claim 16, wherein the power supply module, the switching device, the energy storage device, the three-phase alternating current motor, the three-phase inverter, and the switching module constitute an energy storage circuit, and the three-phase alternating current motor, the three-phase inverter, the switching module, and the energy storage device constitute a flywheel circuit;
the control module obtains that when a part to be heated needs heating, the switch module and the switch device are controlled to be conducted, and the three-phase inverter is controlled to enable the energy storage loop and the follow current loop to be conducted alternately, so that the three-phase inverter, the energy storage module and the three-phase alternating current motor heat a heat exchange medium flowing through at least one heat exchange medium pipeline in the three-phase inverter, the energy storage module and the three-phase alternating current motor.
18. A vehicle, characterized in that it further comprises a power battery charging device according to any one of claims 1 to 7 or a power battery discharging device according to any one of claims 8 to 14 or a heating device according to any one of claims 15 to 17.
19. The vehicle of claim 18, wherein the three-phase ac motor includes a motor shaft, a stator assembly, and a motor housing, the stator assembly is coupled to the motor shaft, the stator assembly is disposed in the motor housing, the motor housing has a heat exchange medium inlet and a heat exchange medium outlet, a heat exchange medium passage is disposed between the motor housing and the stator assembly, and the heat exchange medium passage is coupled to the heat exchange medium inlet and the heat exchange medium outlet.
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