CN113841707A - Application of trans-farnesol as synergist in preventing and treating litchi downy blight - Google Patents
Application of trans-farnesol as synergist in preventing and treating litchi downy blight Download PDFInfo
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N49/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators, containing compounds containing the group, wherein m+n>=1, both X together may also mean —Y— or a direct carbon-to-carbon bond, and the carbon atoms marked with an asterisk are not part of any ring system other than that which may be formed by the atoms X, the carbon atoms in square brackets being part of any acyclic or cyclic structure, or the group, wherein A means a carbon atom or Y, n>=0, and not more than one of these carbon atoms being a member of the same ring system, e.g. juvenile insect hormones or mimics thereof
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
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- A01N43/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds
- A01N43/48—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with two nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms
- A01N43/54—1,3-Diazines; Hydrogenated 1,3-diazines
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Abstract
The invention discloses application of trans-farnesol as a synergist in preventing and treating litchi frost blight, wherein the trans-farnesol has a synergistic effect on a methoxy acrylate bactericide, and can be mixed with the methoxy acrylate bactericide for use to improve the toxicity of the methoxy acrylate bactericide, improve the prevention and treatment effect of the methoxy acrylate bactericide on the field litchi frost blight and obviously reduce the using amount of the methoxy acrylate bactericide. Trans-farnesol is a natural product, has been used in the food field, and is environmentally friendly. The invention provides a new application of the compound, can be used for preventing and treating plant diseases in the agricultural field, and provides a new method for field prevention and treatment of litchi frost blight.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of plant disease control, and relates to application of trans-farnesol as a synergist in litchi frost blight control.
Background
The plant pathogenic oomycetes can cause a plurality of destructive plant diseases, and the most important three types are downy mildew, phytophthora and pythium. Peronophythora litchi (Phytophthora litchii Chen ex Ko et al) belongs to the Peronosporaceae of the order Peronospora of Oomycetes of Oomycota of Pseudomycomycetaceae, and the Peronophythora litchi caused by the pathogenic bacteria is the most important disease in the litchi industry chain, has epidemic and explosive properties, often causes a large amount of fruit drop and rotten fruits, and particularly causes 30-80% loss in litchi planting in Guangdong province in rainy months of 5 and 6.
The chemical bactericide is one of the most effective methods for preventing and treating oomycete diseases due to the lack of disease-resistant varieties. At present, 65 kinds of pesticide preparations for preventing and treating litchi phytophthora blight are registered in China, and the pesticide preparations contain 21 active ingredients, wherein the pesticide preparations comprise two QoI bactericides (QoI-fungides), namely azoxystrobin and pyraclostrobin.
Farnesol, also called farnesol, is a natural product which can be extracted from plants or microorganisms, and the compound is environment-friendly, safe and nontoxic. Farnesol has effects in regulating growth and proliferation of bacteria and fungi. At present, the research shows that the farnesol has the synergistic effect on the bactericide, and can improve the toxicity of the bactericide when being mixed with the bactericide.
Disclosure of Invention
One of the purposes of the invention is to provide application of trans-farnesol as a synergist of a bactericide in preventing and treating litchi frost blight, wherein:
the bactericide is a methoxy acrylate bactericide;
the strobilurin fungicide is azoxystrobin;
the litchi frost blight is caused by phytophthora oomycetes;
the litchi frost blight is caused by litchi frost blight phytophthora capsici.
The farnesol has a plurality of isomers, and the molecular formula of the trans-farnesol is C15H26O, chemical name is (2E,6E) -3,7, 11-trimethyl-2, 6, 10-dodecatrien-1-ol, English name is trans, trans-Farnesol,the chemical structural formula is as follows:
the invention discovers that the trans-farnesol has a synergistic effect on the strobilurin fungicide, can improve the toxicity of the fungicide when being mixed with the strobilurin fungicide, can be used as a synergist of the strobilurin fungicide, and can be used for preventing and treating the frost blight of litchi in fields.
The invention also aims to provide a composition for preventing and treating litchi downy blight, which comprises a bactericide and a synergist, wherein:
the bactericide is a methoxy acrylate bactericide;
the strobilurin fungicide is azoxystrobin, and the sterilizing effect of the azoxystrobin can be remarkably improved by trans-farnesol;
the synergist is trans-farnesol;
the mass ratio of the trans-farnesol to the azoxystrobin is 2-32: within this range, the farnesol has a significant synergistic effect, and the more preferable mass ratio is 4:1 or 8: 1.
According to the invention, after the (2E,6E) -farnesol, namely the trans-farnesol is mixed with the azoxystrobin, the mixture is found to have a good synergistic effect on phytophthora litchi, the inhibition rate is greatly improved, and the using dosage of the azoxystrobin is obviously reduced.
The bactericide preparation comprises the composition for preventing and treating the litchi downy blight, and the synergist can be processed into water dispersible granules, wettable powder, suspending agents, emulsifiable solutions, microemulsions, aqueous emulsions, microcapsules and microcapsule suspending agents with the bactericide in a form of a combined product, and is not limited in particular.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages:
1. the trans-farnesol has a synergistic effect on the strobilurin bactericide, can improve the toxicity of the bactericide when being mixed with the strobilurin bactericide, improves the control effect of the strobilurin bactericide on the field litchi frost blight, obviously reduces the using amount of the strobilurin bactericide, and provides a new idea for the development and application of the existing novel bactericide preparation.
2. Trans-farnesol is a natural product, has been used in the food field, and is environmentally friendly. The invention provides a new application of the compound, can be used for preventing and treating plant diseases in the agricultural field, and provides a new method for field prevention and treatment of litchi frost blight.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions of the present invention are further described below with reference to the following examples, but the present invention is not limited thereto, and any modifications or equivalent substitutions may be made to the technical solutions of the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the present invention.
The following examples relate to the reagents disclosed below:
reagent to be tested: azoxystrobin (CAS number: 131860-33-8; 96%, Guangxi Garden Biochemical Co., Ltd.), trans-farnesol (CAS number: 106-28-5; 96%, Sigma Aldrich trade Co., Ltd.), farnesol (CAS number: 4602-84-0; 95% or more, Sigma Aldrich trade Co., Ltd.).
Test strains: the peronophythora litchi strain is from a post-harvest disease and preservation subject group of the environmental and plant protection research institute of tropical agricultural academy of sciences in China.
Test medium: and (3) taking 60g of lima bean culture medium, crushing, adding water, heating at 60 ℃ for 1h, filtering to obtain juice, adding 16g of agar, melting uniformly, adding water to a constant volume of 1000mL, and performing autoclaving at 121 ℃ for 20min for later use.
Example 1
The embodiment provides a synergistic effect of trans-farnesol in the control of litchi frost blight, and the farnesol and azoxystrobin are applied to the control of litchi frost blight in a form of a composition.
The synergistic effect of farnesol or trans-farnesol on azoxystrobin is measured by adopting a hypha growth rate method, and the method is used in asepsisUnder the condition, acetone solvent is used for dissolving the test compound, and 1000 mu g mL of mother liquor of the bactericide and the synergist is prepared-1For standby, the medicament ratio is as follows: azoxystrobin: the method comprises the following steps of mixing a drug into a lima bean culture medium to prepare a drug-containing plate, solidifying the plate, inoculating the plate into a 4mm bacterium dish (taken from the edge of a bacterial colony which normally grows for 7 days in the dark at 25 ℃), placing the plate at 25 ℃ for 4d in the dark, repeating the treatment for 3 times, judging the synergistic effect by using a Wadley synergistic coefficient, wherein the Wadley synergistic coefficient is calculated according to formulas (1) to (3):
wherein A, B is single agent, a and b are the proportion of the corresponding single agent in the mixture, ob is the actual observed value, th is the theoretical value, SR >1.5 is synergistic effect, SR > 0.5-1.5 is additive effect, and SR <0.5 is antagonistic effect.
The test results show that (shown in table 1), when the single-use compound is used, the farnesol and the trans-farnesol both have lower activity on the peronophythora litchi, the azoxystrobin has higher activity on the pathogenic bacteria, after the compound is used, the farnesol and the azoxystrobin have additive effect on the peronophythora litchi, and the trans-farnesol and the azoxystrobin are mixed in a ratio of 1: 32-1: 2, so that the obvious synergistic effect is achieved.
TABLE 1 measurement of the combined bioactivity of azoxystrobin and farnesol/trans-farnesol for p.litchi
| Bactericide | Mass ratio of | EC50th | EC50ob | R2 | SR |
| Azoxystrobin A | / | / | 0.04656 | 0.9042 | / |
| Farnesol F | / | / | 306.2 | 0.9555 | / |
| Trans-farnesol TTF | / | / | 341.8 | 0.9240 | / |
| A:F | 1:1 | 0.09311 | 0.1319 | 0.9337 | 0.71 |
| A:F | 2:1 | 0.06983 | 0.09555 | 0.9873 | 0.73 |
| A:F | 4:1 | 0.05820 | 0.07835 | 0.9470 | 0.74 |
| A:F | 8:1 | 0.05238 | 0.07152 | 0.9860 | 0.73 |
| A:F | 16:1 | 0.04947 | 0.06780 | 0.9797 | 0.73 |
| A:F | 32:1 | 0.04801 | 0.08638 | 0.9795 | 0.56 |
| A:TTF | 1:1 | 0.08767 | 0.1023 | 0.9609 | 0.91 |
| A:TTF | 2:1 | 0.06576 | 0.01196 | 0.7689 | 5.8 |
| A:TTF | 4:1 | 0.05480 | 0.007046 | 0.8907 | 8.3 |
| A:TTF | 8:1 | 0.04932 | 0.005812 | 0.8618 | 9.0 |
| A:TTF | 16:1 | 0.04658 | 0.006874 | 0.9628 | 7.2 |
| A:TTF | 32:1 | 0.04521 | 0.006087 | 0.7672 | 7.9 |
Example 2
The synergistic effect of trans-farnesol and azoxystrobin on peronophythora litchi is measured by adopting an in vitro leaf method, young litchi leaves with consistent leaf positions and similar area sizes are selected, cleaned by clear water, dried, soaked in 75% alcohol for disinfection for 10s, washed by sterile water for 3 times and dried for later use.
Dissolving a test compound by using acetone as a solvent, and preparing 1000 mu g mL of azoxystrobin and trans-farnesol mother liquor-1For standby, the medicament ratio is as follows: azoxystrobin: trans-farnesol (0: 1, 2:1, 4:1, 8:1, 16:1, 32:1, 1: 0) (same volume of solvent was used as a control), and the concentration of each drug was set to 20. mu.g mL-1Completely immersing leaves in each bactericide for 10s to make them completely contact with the liquid medicine, taking out, air drying, creating a wound at the vein of the back of the leaves with an inoculating needle with diameter of 0.2mm, inoculating two bacterial cakes, inoculating 5 leaves each, inoculating, standing at 25 deg.C and relative humidity>Culturing in 90% of preservation boxes, measuring the diameter of the disease spot after 3d, and calculating the prevention and treatment effect according to the formula (4):
the test results are shown in Table 2, the azoxystrobin and trans-farnesol used according to the mixture ratio have obvious synergistic effect compared with the single use, and the concentration of the effective component of each mixture ratio liquid medicine is 20 mu gmL-1When the composition is used, the control effect on phytophthora litchi is over 70 percent, which is obviously higher than that of azoxystrobin (58.94 percent), and the trans-farnesol content is 20 mu g mL-1Litchi chinensis in vitro infected by phytophthora parasiticaThe leaves do not have any activity.
TABLE 2 in vitro leaf method for determining the activity of azoxystrobin and trans-farnesol in different synergistic combinations
| Bactericide | Mass ratio of | Mean lesion diameter (cm) | Control effect (%) |
| Solvent control | / | 1.49 | |
| Azoxystrobin A | / | 0.61 | 58.94±6.07b |
| Trans-farnesol TTF | / | 1.44 | 3.36±0.2c |
| A:TTF | 2:1 | 0.42 | 71.71±5.92a |
| A:TTF | 4:1 | 0.36 | 75.86±2.31a |
| A:TTF | 8:1 | 0.34 | 77.00±4.21a |
| A:TTF | 16:1 | 0.39 | 73.85±2.04a |
| A:TTF | 32:1 | 0.38 | 74.52±4.13a |
Example 3
Referring to 'pesticide field efficacy test criteria', carrying out a field efficacy test of azoxystrobin and trans-farnesol on litchi frost blight, wherein the field test site is a Huidong county white flower town Huidong annual red orchard in Huidong city, the time is 5-6 months in 2019, the variety to be tested is Osmanthus-flavored, and the reagent to be tested is azoxystrobin: trans-farnesol is 2:1, 4:1, 8:1, 16:1 and 32:1, and the treatment dose is respectively 150mg/L of the effective component; 68% refined methyl cream-manganese zinc WG (effective component of treatment dose is 850mg/L) and azoxystrobin (effective component of treatment dose is 150mg/L) are used as control agents, treatment with equal amount of clear water is used as blank control, each treatment is repeated for 4 times, and the treatment is arranged in random blocks, and the cultivation conditions and growth vigor of all test cells are consistent.
The medicine is applied once in each of the 10 th (small fruit stage), 21 th (medium fruit stage) and 04 th (fruit expansion stage) in 05 and 05 months (2019), the disease condition of the fruits is investigated 14d after the last application, 2 trees are investigated in each cell, each tree is sampled according to five points of east, west, south, north and middle, 30 fruits are investigated in each point, the total fruit number and the diseased fruit numbers at all levels are recorded, and the disease index and the average prevention effect are calculated.
Grading standard of diseased fruits: grade 0, no disease; grade 1, the disease spots account for less than 10% of the surface area of the fruits; grade 3, the disease spots account for 11-25% of the surface area of the fruits; grade 5, the disease spots account for 26-50% of the surface area of the fruits; and 7, the disease spots account for more than 51 percent of the surface area of the fruit.
And calculating disease index and prevention and treatment effect according to formulas (5) - (6):
the test results are shown in Table 3, and the concentration of azoxystrobin and trans-farnesol in the test agent is 150mg L-1The control effect on the field litchi frost blight reaches more than 70 percent, and is obviously higher than that of azoxystrobin single agent and 68 percent of common commercial agent, namely refined methyl frost-manganese-zinc WG.
TABLE 3 field control effect of azoxystrobin and trans-farnesol in different ratios on litchi Frost blight
| Treatment of | Concentration of drug (mgL)-1) | Index of disease condition | Control effect (%) |
| CK | / | 25.33±1.81e | / |
| Azoxystrobin: trans-farnesol 2:1 | 150 | 6.69±0.84b | 73.59 |
| Azoxystrobin: trans-farnesol 4:1 | 150 | 5.36±0.41a | 78.85 |
| Azoxystrobin: trans-farnesol 8:1 | 150 | 4.79±0.59a | 81.11 |
| Azoxystrobin: trans-farnesol 16:1 | 150 | 5.88±0.61ab | 76.79 |
| Azoxystrobin: trans-farnesol 32:1 | 150 | 5.48±0.76ab | 78.38 |
| Azoxystrobin | 150 | 8.67±0.99c | 65.79 |
| 68% of fine nail creamManganese Zinc WG | 850 | 9.83±1.13d | 61.18 |
Therefore, the invention provides the application of trans-farnesol as a synergist of a strobilurin fungicide in preventing and treating the litchi frost blight, wherein the mass ratio of the trans-farnesol to the fungicide is (2-32): 1, more preferably 4:1 or 8: 1. The strobilurin fungicide can be kresoxim-methyl, azoxystrobin, enestroburin, trifloxystrobin, enestroburin, pyraclostrobin, kresoxim-methyl benzene and the like, and further indicates that the litchi frost blight is caused by phytophthora oomycetes. The litchi frost blight is caused by litchi frost blight phytophthora capsici.
The invention also provides a composition for preventing and treating the litchi downy blight or a bactericide preparation for preventing and treating the litchi downy blight, which comprises a bactericide and a synergist, wherein: the bactericide is a methoxy acrylate bactericide, the synergist is trans-farnesol, and the mass ratio of the trans-farnesol to the methoxy acrylate bactericide is (2-32): 1, more preferably 4:1 or 8: 1. The water dispersible granule, wettable powder, suspending agent, missible oil, microemulsion, emulsion in water, microcapsule or microcapsule suspending agent can be prepared according to the auxiliary materials and the process known by the technical personnel in the field.
It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the invention, and that any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. The application of the trans-farnesol serving as a synergist of the bactericide in preventing and treating litchi frost blight.
2. The application of the trans-farnesol as a synergist of a bactericide in preventing and treating litchi frost blight according to claim 1, wherein the mass ratio of the trans-farnesol to the bactericide is 2-32: 1.
3. the application of the trans-farnesol as the synergist of the bactericide in preventing and treating the litchi frost blight according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the bactericide is a strobilurin bactericide.
4. The application of the trans-farnesol as the synergist of the bactericide in preventing and treating the litchi downy blight according to claim 3, wherein the strobilurin bactericide is azoxystrobin.
5. The application of the trans-farnesol as the synergist of the bactericide in preventing and treating the litchi frost blight according to claim 1, wherein the litchi frost blight is caused by phytophthora oomycetes.
6. The application of the trans-farnesol as the synergist of the bactericide in preventing and treating the litchi frost blight according to claim 1, wherein the litchi frost blight is caused by phytophthora litchi.
7. The composition for preventing and treating the litchi downy blight is characterized by comprising a bactericide and a synergist, wherein: the bactericide is a methoxy acrylate bactericide, the synergist is trans-farnesol, and the mass ratio of the trans-farnesol to the methoxy acrylate bactericide is (2-32): 1.
8. the composition for preventing and treating peronophythora litchi according to claim 7, wherein the strobilurin fungicide is azoxystrobin.
9. A bactericide preparation for preventing and treating litchi frost blight, which is characterized by comprising the composition for preventing and treating litchi frost blight according to claim 7.
10. The bactericide preparation for preventing and treating litchi frost blight according to claim 9, characterized in that the bactericide preparation is in the form of one of water dispersible granules, wettable powder, suspending agents, emulsifiable solutions, microemulsions, aqueous emulsions, microcapsules, and microcapsule suspending agents.
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| CN114391551A (en) * | 2022-02-10 | 2022-04-26 | 黄业群 | Novel special fertilizer for strawberries |
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