CN113838709B - Bistable locomotive on-board electromagnetic relay - Google Patents

Bistable locomotive on-board electromagnetic relay Download PDF

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Publication number
CN113838709B
CN113838709B CN202111103512.7A CN202111103512A CN113838709B CN 113838709 B CN113838709 B CN 113838709B CN 202111103512 A CN202111103512 A CN 202111103512A CN 113838709 B CN113838709 B CN 113838709B
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China
Prior art keywords
permanent magnet
armature
coil
iron core
yoke
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Application number
CN202111103512.7A
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Chinese (zh)
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CN113838709A (en
Inventor
柯章弘达
赵兴海
肖茂波
李庆诗
赵金艳
岳云龙
李佩聪
赵正元
罗文天
于冬
张志宇
郭国庆
刘思汉
张歆悦
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Shenyang Railway Signal Co Ltd
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Shenyang Railway Signal Co Ltd
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Priority to CN202111103512.7A priority Critical patent/CN113838709B/en
Publication of CN113838709A publication Critical patent/CN113838709A/en
Priority to PCT/CN2022/117876 priority patent/WO2023045775A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of CN113838709B publication Critical patent/CN113838709B/en
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    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01HELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H50/00Details of electromagnetic relays
    • H01H50/16Magnetic circuit arrangements
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01HELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H50/00Details of electromagnetic relays
    • H01H50/44Magnetic coils or windings
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01HELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H50/00Details of electromagnetic relays
    • H01H50/64Driving arrangements between movable part of magnetic circuit and contact

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Electromagnets (AREA)

Abstract

The utility model provides a bistable locomotive on-vehicle electromagnetic relay, belongs to relay technical field, the fixed magnetism spacer that is equipped with in armature bottom, the middle part below after armature and magnetism spacer equipment links to each other with the permanent magnet, and the permanent magnet frame the permanent magnet below links to each other with the magnetic conduction piece, and the magnetic conduction piece bottom links to each other with the yoke, be equipped with iron core, coil former, coil equipment between the yoke of armature and magnetism spacer equipment left and right sides and below respectively. According to the invention, the permanent magnet structure is added into the magnetic circuit, the permanent magnet magnetic circuit provides a holding force under the condition that the relay is not electrified, after the armature starts to rotate, the single-side permanent magnet attraction force can be rapidly reduced due to the change of the air gap, the other-side permanent magnet attraction force is increased, the coil power can be reduced, and the attraction speed can be improved.

Description

Bistable locomotive on-board electromagnetic relay
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of relays, and particularly relates to a bistable locomotive vehicle-mounted electromagnetic relay.
Background
At present, most of vehicle-mounted relays used for railways are monostable relays, parts are more, the structure is complex, the consistency of the performance of the relays is low, meanwhile, the holding force of the monostable relays is low in the non-working state, the environment resistance of the relays is poor, the holding force is provided by a counter-force spring or a spring plate, the armature rebound of the relays is serious in the releasing process, and the relays and external load-carrying circuits are very unfavorable.
Disclosure of Invention
Based on the technical problems, the invention provides a novel bistable locomotive vehicle-mounted relay electromagnetic structure, a permanent magnet structure is added in a magnetic circuit, a permanent magnet magnetic circuit is used for providing a holding force under the condition that a relay is not electrified, after an armature starts to rotate, the attraction force of a single-side permanent magnet can be rapidly reduced due to the change of an air gap, the attraction force of the other side permanent magnet is increased, the coil power can be reduced, and the attraction speed can be increased.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
the utility model provides a bistable locomotive on-vehicle electromagnetic relay, includes armature, iron core, coil, yoke, the fixed magnetism spacer that separates that is equipped with in armature bottom separates that magnetism spacer covers armature bottom completely, and the middle part below after armature and magnetism spacer equipment links to each other with the permanent magnet, and the permanent magnet is arranged in the logical inslot of permanent magnet frame, and the permanent magnet frame the permanent magnet below links to each other with the magnetic conduction piece, and the magnetic conduction piece bottom links to each other with the yoke, be equipped with iron core, coil former, coil equipment between the yoke of armature and magnetism spacer equipment left and right sides and below respectively, the coil winds on the coil former, and the iron core passes coil former and coil group and fixes on the yoke jointly.
Further, one end of the armature is connected with a pull rod, and the pull rod is connected with a counterforce system.
Further, a lead sheet which is not magnetic conductive is arranged at the bottom of the coil frame.
Further, the permanent magnet material is neodymium iron boron, samarium cobalt or alnico.
Further, the diameter of the pole face at the top of the iron core is larger than the diameter of the iron core and the inner diameter of the coil rack, and the pole face at the top of the iron core is arranged at the top of the coil rack to clamp the coil rack.
Furthermore, the magnetism isolating gasket, the permanent magnet frame and the coil frame are all made of non-magnetic materials.
Further, the surface of the permanent magnet connected with the magnetic conduction block is an S pole, and the surface of the permanent magnet connected with the armature is an N pole.
Further, strip-shaped grooves are formed in two sides of the magnetic conduction block, yoke iron set fixing screws are arranged in the strip-shaped grooves, penetrate through yokes, match with threaded holes in the permanent magnet frame along the strip-shaped grooves in two sides of the magnetic conduction block, penetrate through two sides of the permanent magnet frame and the magnetic isolation cushion piece, and the tops of the permanent magnet frame and the magnetic isolation cushion piece are fixedly connected through armature iron set fixing screws.
Further, when the relay is not electrified and the relay coil is not excited, permanent magnet loops on two sides sequentially pass through the permanent magnet, the armature iron, the iron core, the yoke iron, the magnetic conduction block and the permanent magnet; when current in a specific direction is conducted in the reset state, the electromagnetic loop sequentially passes through the left iron core, the yoke iron, the right iron core, the armature iron and the left iron core; when the relay is in a setting state and current in a specific direction is conducted, the electromagnetic loop sequentially passes through the right iron core, the yoke iron, the left iron core, the armature iron and the right iron core.
The invention has the advantages that:
according to the electromagnetic structure of the bistable locomotive-mounted relay, the relay is in a non-energized stable state, the permanent magnet attractive force provides a holding force, and as the coil is energized, the armature of the relay moves to the attracting position, as the working air gaps at two sides of the permanent magnet are respectively increased and decreased, the permanent magnet attractive force gradually prevents the armature from rotating to assist the armature to rotate, so that the armature can more rapidly complete the movement process. The permanent magnetic circuit of the relay can also work cooperatively with the coil magnetic circuit, so that the power consumption required by the attraction of the relay is reduced. The magnetic circuit efficiency can be improved, the relay power is reduced, the problems of low release holding force, poor vibration resistance and impact resistance, serious rebound of normally closed contacts and the like of the vehicle-mounted relay of the bistable locomotive are solved, the contact reliability of the contacts can be effectively improved, and the safety of a contact loop is ensured.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the electromagnetic structure of a relay of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic illustration of the electromagnetic structural components of the relay of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of an armature assembly;
fig. 4 is a schematic view of a yoke set structure;
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a coil assembly;
FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of the principle of electromagnetic structure when the coil is not energized in the released state;
FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of the principle of electromagnetic structure of the coil in the released state when the coil is energized;
fig. 8 is a schematic diagram of the electromagnetic structure principle when the coil is powered off in the actuation state;
fig. 9 is a relay attraction-reaction force fitting diagram.
The components in the figure: the magnetic shielding device comprises a magnetic shielding gasket 1, a magnetic shielding gasket 2, a permanent magnet 3, a permanent magnet frame 4, a magnetic conduction block 5, an iron core 6, a coil frame 7, a coil 8, a yoke 9, a lead sheet 10, an iron core fixing screw 11, a yoke set fixing screw 12, an armature set fixing screw 13, a short armature rivet 14, a long armature rivet 15 and a pull rod 16.
Detailed Description
The invention will be better explained by the following detailed description of the embodiments with reference to the drawings.
Referring to fig. 1-5, the invention discloses a bistable locomotive vehicle electromagnetic relay, which comprises an armature 1, an iron core 6, a coil 8 and a yoke 9, wherein a magnetism isolating gasket 2 is fixedly arranged at the bottom of the armature 1, the magnetism isolating gasket 2 completely covers the bottom of the armature 1, and one end of the armature 1 is fixedly connected with one end of the magnetism isolating gasket 2 through a short armature rivet 14. The structure that magnetism isolating gasket is fixed with armature, yoke group respectively makes the armature group can realize the rotation of no wearing and tearing, has promoted the mechanical life of relay. The other ends of the armature 1 and the magnetism isolating pad 2 are fixedly connected with a pull rod 16 through a long armature rivet 15. The pull rod 16 is connected with a counterforce system and is used for driving the closing and opening of the dynamic and static contacts of the relay so as to switch on and off an external circuit connected with the contacts.
The middle part of the magnetism isolating gasket 2 protrudes towards two sides of the armature 1, the lower part of the middle part of the armature 1 assembled with the magnetism isolating gasket 2 is connected with the permanent magnet 3, the permanent magnet 3 is arranged in a through groove of the permanent magnet frame 4, the permanent magnet frame 4 is connected with the magnetic conduction block 5 below the permanent magnet 3, the bottom of the magnetic conduction block 5 is connected with the yoke 9, the yoke set fixing screw 12 penetrates through the yoke 9 and is matched with a threaded hole in the permanent magnet frame 4 along a strip groove on two sides of the magnetic conduction block 5, penetrates through two sides of the magnetism isolating gasket 2 of the permanent magnet frame 4, the top is fixedly connected with the permanent magnet frame 4 through the armature set fixing screw 13, the magnetic conduction block 5 and the permanent magnet frame 4 are fixed on the yoke 9, and the permanent magnet 3 is arranged in an open groove of the permanent magnet frame 4 according to polarity requirements. In terms of the mechanical properties of the relay, this manner of fixing the armature assembly enables the parts of the relay electromagnetic mechanism to be virtually free from wear during the service life, so that the mechanical properties of the relay electromagnetic mechanism can ensure good consistency during use.
Iron cores 6, coil frames 7 and coils 8 are respectively arranged between the left side, the right side and yoke 9 below after the armature 1 and the magnetism isolating cushion 2 are assembled, the coils 8 are wound on the coil frames 7, and the iron cores 6 penetrate through the coil frames 7 and are jointly fixed on the yoke 9 through iron core fixing screws 11 and coil groups. The bottom of the coil frame 7 is provided with a lead sheet 10 which is not magnetic conductive, and the lead sheet 10 is inserted into small holes at two ends of the bottom of the coil frame 7 and is used for leading out the head and tail ends of the coil 8. The diameter of the pole face at the top of the iron core 6 is larger than the diameter of the iron core 6 and the inner diameter of the coil frame 7, and the pole face at the top of the iron core 6 is arranged at the top of the coil frame 7 to clamp the coil frame 7. This abnormal shape iron core structure has promoted the magnetic retention when the iron core contacts with the armature group when spacing to the coil group, has promoted electromagnetic circuit's magnetic efficiency simultaneously, when further promoting relay shock resistance, has reduced the required consumption of relay work.
The installation between the armature group and the yoke iron group is realized by the armature group fixing screw 13 penetrating through holes at two ends of the magnetism isolating gasket 2 and then being fixed with a threaded hole on the permanent magnet frame 4, and the relay works 3, and the armature group realizes clockwise and anticlockwise rotation work by taking the armature group fixing screw 13 as an axis.
The armature 1, the magnetic conduction block 5, the iron core 6, the yoke 9 and the iron core fixing screw 11 are made of soft magnetic materials, the magnetism isolating gasket 2, the permanent magnet frame 4, the coil frame 7, the lead sheet 10, the yoke set fixing screw 12, the armature set fixing screw 13, the short armature rivet 14, the long armature rivet 15 and the pull rod 16 are made of non-magnetic materials, the coil 8 is made of copper, and the permanent magnet 3 is made of neodymium iron boron.
The surface of the permanent magnet 3 connected with the magnetic conduction block 5 is an S pole, and the surface connected with the armature 1 is an N pole.
The working principle of the invention is as follows:
the key part of the electromagnetic structure of the invention is a permanent magnet 3, when the relay is not electrified and is in a reset state, referring to fig. 6, the surface of the permanent magnet, which is attached to the magnetic conducting block, is an S pole, the armature direction is an N pole, when the relay coil is not excited, only a permanent magnet loop exists in the magnetic circuit, namely a loop shown by a broken line in fig. 6, and the paths of the permanent magnet loops on two sides are the permanent magnet 3, the armature 1, the iron core 6, the yoke 9, the magnetic conducting block 5 and the permanent magnet 3. The air gap of the left permanent magnet loop is far smaller than that of the right permanent magnet loop in the relay resetting state, and the magnetic retention force generated by the left small air gap permanent magnet loop at the contact position of the armature and the iron core is far larger than that generated by the right large air gap permanent magnet loop at the contact position of the armature and the iron core, so that the relay can be kept in the resetting state, and the setting state is the same. Because the permanent magnet 9 is made of neodymium iron boron materials, the utilization rate of the small air gap loop permanent magnet is extremely high, and the relay has larger holding force in the reset/setting state. The iron core 6 adopts an opposite pole face structure, so that the contact area between the pole face of the iron core and the armature set is reduced while the limit of the coil set is ensured, and the magnetic retention force between the iron core and the armature set is further increased in principle, so that the vibration resistance of the relay is better, and the contact reliability of the relay is improved.
When a current in a specific direction is conducted in the reset state, referring to fig. 7, the set coil generates an electromagnetic field inside the electromagnetic structure, and the electromagnetic circuit path is iron core 6 (left) →yoke 7→iron core 6 (right) →armature 1→iron core 6 (left). The electromagnetic loops are opposite to and offset from the permanent magnetic field in the left-side permanent-magnet small-air-gap loop, and are overlapped with the permanent magnetic field in the right-side permanent-magnet large-air-gap loop, so that the permanent magnetic field can help the relay to attract in the electrifying process. When the difference between the electromagnetic attraction force and the counter force is larger than 0, the armature group starts to rotate, the air gap in the small-air-gap magnetic circuit of the permanent magnet gradually increases, the permanent magnet attraction force of the permanent magnet 3 acting on the armature group is reduced, the rotation speed of the armature 1 is accelerated until the armature contacts the iron core 6, and the conversion process is completed. Due to the existence of the permanent magnet 3, the efficiency of electromagnetic flux is improved, and the power consumption of the coil can be reduced under the same holding force condition; the holding force can be improved under the same coil power consumption condition, so that the vibration resistance and impact resistance of the relay in the release state can be improved.
When the relay is in a set state and current in a specific direction is conducted, referring to fig. 8, the electromagnetic circuit path is iron core 6 (right), yoke 7, iron core 6 (left), armature 1, iron core 6 (right), and the working principle is the same as that of fig. 7.
The matching relationship between the attraction force of the electromagnetic structure of the relay and the counter force of the contact spring structure is shown in fig. 9.
The invention provides an electromagnetic structure of a bistable locomotive vehicle-mounted relay, which uses a permanent magnet to replace a traditional counter-force spring/elastic sheet to enhance the holding force of the relay in a released state, so that the relay can be held in two states (namely bistable state), the reliability of the bistable locomotive vehicle-mounted relay can be effectively improved, the power consumption is reduced, the vibration and impact resistance is improved, and meanwhile, the complexity of parts is reduced. The permanent magnet can help the relay to promote the attraction speed and improve the efficiency of electromagnetic magnetic flux when increasing the release holding force.

Claims (7)

1. A bistable locomotive on-board electromagnetic relay is characterized in that: the magnetic isolation type magnetic iron comprises an armature (1), an iron core (6), a coil (8) and a yoke (9), wherein a magnetic isolation gasket (2) is fixedly arranged at the bottom of the armature (1), the bottom of the armature (1) is completely covered by the magnetic isolation gasket (2), the lower middle part of the armature (1) assembled with the magnetic isolation gasket (2) is connected with a permanent magnet (3), the permanent magnet (3) is arranged in a through groove of a permanent magnet frame (4), the lower part of the permanent magnet (3) is connected with a magnetic conduction block (5), the bottom of the magnetic conduction block (5) is connected with the yoke (9), the iron core (6), a coil frame (7) and a coil (8) are respectively arranged between the left side and the right side assembled with the magnetic isolation gasket (2) and the yoke (9) below, the coil (8) is wound on the coil frame (7), and the iron core (6) penetrates through the coil frame (7) and the coil together to be fixed on the yoke (9). Strip-shaped grooves are formed in two sides of the magnetic conduction block (5), yoke set fixing screws (12) are arranged in the strip-shaped grooves, the yoke set fixing screws (12) penetrate through the yoke (9), are matched with threaded holes in the permanent magnet frame (4) along the strip-shaped grooves in two sides of the magnetic conduction block (5), penetrate through two sides of the permanent magnet frame (4) and the magnetic isolation gasket (2), and the tops of the permanent magnet frame and the magnetic isolation gasket are fixedly connected through the armature set fixing screws (13); the magnetism isolating gasket (2), the permanent magnet frame (4) and the coil frame (7) are made of non-magnetic materials.
2. The bistable locomotive on-board electromagnetic relay of claim 1, wherein: one end of the armature (1) is connected with a pull rod (16), and the pull rod (16) is connected with a counterforce system.
3. The bistable locomotive on-board electromagnetic relay of claim 1, wherein: the bottom of the coil rack (7) is provided with a lead sheet (10) which is not magnetic conductive.
4. The bistable locomotive on-board electromagnetic relay of claim 1, wherein: the permanent magnet material is neodymium iron boron, samarium cobalt or aluminum nickel cobalt.
5. The bistable locomotive on-board electromagnetic relay of claim 1, wherein: the diameter of the pole face at the top of the iron core (6) is larger than the diameter of the iron core (6) and the inner diameter of the coil rack (7), and the pole face at the top of the iron core (6) is arranged at the top of the coil rack (7) to clamp the coil rack (7).
6. The bistable locomotive on-board electromagnetic relay of claim 1, wherein: the surface of the permanent magnet (3) connected with the magnetic conduction block (5) is an S pole, and the surface connected with the armature (1) is an N pole.
7. The bistable locomotive on-board electromagnetic relay of claim 1, wherein: when the relay is not electrified and the relay coil is not excited, permanent magnet loops on two sides sequentially pass through the permanent magnet (3), the armature (1), the iron core (6), the yoke (9), the magnetic conduction block (5) and the permanent magnet (3); when the current in the first direction is conducted in the reset state, the electromagnetic loop sequentially passes through the left iron core, the yoke iron (9), the right iron core, the armature iron (1) and the left iron core; when the relay is in a setting state and is electrified with current in a second direction, the electromagnetic loop sequentially passes through the right iron core, the yoke iron (9), the left iron core, the armature iron (1) and the right iron core.
CN202111103512.7A 2021-09-22 2021-09-22 Bistable locomotive on-board electromagnetic relay Active CN113838709B (en)

Priority Applications (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN202111103512.7A CN113838709B (en) 2021-09-22 2021-09-22 Bistable locomotive on-board electromagnetic relay
PCT/CN2022/117876 WO2023045775A1 (en) 2021-09-22 2022-09-08 Bistable onboard electromagnetic relay for locomotive

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN202111103512.7A CN113838709B (en) 2021-09-22 2021-09-22 Bistable locomotive on-board electromagnetic relay

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CN113838709A CN113838709A (en) 2021-12-24
CN113838709B true CN113838709B (en) 2023-10-27

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Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN113838709B (en) * 2021-09-22 2023-10-27 沈阳铁路信号有限责任公司 Bistable locomotive on-board electromagnetic relay

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CN2389414Y (en) * 1999-09-09 2000-07-26 无锡市军工电力电器有限公司 Bistable permanent magnet operation mechanism for switch on post
CN102859618A (en) * 2010-04-21 2013-01-02 约翰逊电动德累斯顿有限公司 Bistable magnetic actuator
DE102013101878A1 (en) * 2012-03-01 2013-09-05 Johnson Electric S.A. relay
CN107481894A (en) * 2017-08-17 2017-12-15 海盐众信电子有限公司 A kind of phase-selecting switch and its control method

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JP4458090B2 (en) * 2006-12-28 2010-04-28 パナソニック電工株式会社 Electromagnet device
CN105161370A (en) * 2015-08-05 2015-12-16 哈尔滨工业大学 Novel bistable clapping-type electromagnetic relay with permanent magnet
CN105023810A (en) * 2015-08-05 2015-11-04 哈尔滨工业大学 Bi-stable clapping electromagnetic relay with permanent magnet
TWI684195B (en) * 2019-01-19 2020-02-01 百容電子股份有限公司 Electromagnetic relay and its manufacturing method
CN209526053U (en) * 2019-03-29 2019-10-22 苏州吉控电器有限公司 Magnetic latching relay
CN110335789A (en) * 2019-08-15 2019-10-15 厦门宏发密封继电器有限公司 A kind of magnetic holding DC relay
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Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN2389414Y (en) * 1999-09-09 2000-07-26 无锡市军工电力电器有限公司 Bistable permanent magnet operation mechanism for switch on post
CN102859618A (en) * 2010-04-21 2013-01-02 约翰逊电动德累斯顿有限公司 Bistable magnetic actuator
DE102013101878A1 (en) * 2012-03-01 2013-09-05 Johnson Electric S.A. relay
CN107481894A (en) * 2017-08-17 2017-12-15 海盐众信电子有限公司 A kind of phase-selecting switch and its control method

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