CN113838709A - Bistable locomotive-mounted electromagnetic relay - Google Patents

Bistable locomotive-mounted electromagnetic relay Download PDF

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Publication number
CN113838709A
CN113838709A CN202111103512.7A CN202111103512A CN113838709A CN 113838709 A CN113838709 A CN 113838709A CN 202111103512 A CN202111103512 A CN 202111103512A CN 113838709 A CN113838709 A CN 113838709A
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CN
China
Prior art keywords
armature
permanent magnet
iron core
magnetic
yoke
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Granted
Application number
CN202111103512.7A
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Chinese (zh)
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CN113838709B (en
Inventor
柯章弘达
赵兴海
肖茂波
李庆诗
赵金艳
岳云龙
李佩聪
赵正元
罗文天
于冬
张志宇
郭国庆
刘思汉
张歆悦
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Shenyang Railway Signal Co Ltd
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Shenyang Railway Signal Co Ltd
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Priority to CN202111103512.7A priority Critical patent/CN113838709B/en
Publication of CN113838709A publication Critical patent/CN113838709A/en
Priority to PCT/CN2022/117876 priority patent/WO2023045775A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of CN113838709B publication Critical patent/CN113838709B/en
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    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01HELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H50/00Details of electromagnetic relays
    • H01H50/16Magnetic circuit arrangements
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01HELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H50/00Details of electromagnetic relays
    • H01H50/44Magnetic coils or windings
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01HELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H50/00Details of electromagnetic relays
    • H01H50/64Driving arrangements between movable part of magnetic circuit and contact

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Electromagnets (AREA)

Abstract

The utility model provides a bistable locomotive vehicle-mounted electromagnetic relay, belongs to relay technical field, the fixed magnetic isolation gasket that is equipped with in armature bottom, the middle part below after armature and magnetic isolation gasket equipment links to each other with the permanent magnet, the permanent magnet frame permanent magnet below links to each other with magnetic conduction piece, and magnetic conduction piece bottom links to each other with the yoke, be equipped with iron core, coil former, coil equipment between the left and right sides after armature and magnetic isolation gasket equipment and the yoke of below respectively. The permanent magnetic structure is added into the magnetic circuit, the permanent magnetic circuit provides a holding force under the condition that the relay is not electrified, after the armature starts to rotate, the permanent magnetic suction force on one side can be rapidly reduced due to the change of the air gap, the permanent magnetic suction force on the other side is increased, and the coil power can be reduced and the suction speed can be improved.

Description

Bistable locomotive-mounted electromagnetic relay
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of relays, and particularly relates to a bistable locomotive-mounted electromagnetic relay.
Background
At present, most of vehicle-mounted relays used for railways are monostable relays, the parts are multiple, the structure is complex, the performance consistency of the relays is not high, meanwhile, the holding power of the monostable relays is lower in a non-working state, the environmental resistance performance of the relays is poor, the holding power of the relays is provided by counterforce springs or elastic pieces, armature rebound of the relays is severe in the releasing process, and the relays and external load circuits are very unfavorable.
Disclosure of Invention
Based on the technical problem, the invention provides a novel bistable locomotive vehicle-mounted relay electromagnetic structure, wherein a permanent magnetic structure is added into a magnetic circuit, the permanent magnetic circuit provides a holding force under the condition that the relay is not electrified, after an armature starts to rotate, the suction force of a single-side permanent magnet can be rapidly reduced due to the change of an air gap, the suction force of the other side permanent magnet is increased, and the coil power can be reduced and the suction speed can be improved.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a bistable locomotive-mounted electromagnetic relay comprises an armature, an iron core, a coil and a yoke, wherein a magnetic isolation gasket is fixedly arranged at the bottom of the armature, the bottom of the armature is completely covered by the magnetic isolation gasket, the lower part of the middle part of the assembled armature and the magnetic isolation gasket is connected with a permanent magnet, the permanent magnet is arranged in a through groove of a permanent magnet frame, the lower part of the permanent magnet frame is connected with a magnetic conduction block, the bottom of the magnetic conduction block is connected with the yoke, the iron core, a coil frame and a coil assembly are respectively arranged between the left side and the right side of the assembled armature and the yoke below the assembled armature and the magnetic isolation gasket, the coil is wound on the coil frame, and the iron core penetrates through the coil frame and is jointly fixed on the yoke.
Furthermore, one end of the armature is connected with a pull rod, and the pull rod is connected with a counter force system.
Furthermore, the bottom of the coil rack is provided with a non-magnetic conducting lead sheet.
Further, the permanent magnet material is neodymium iron boron, samarium cobalt or alnico.
Further, the pole face diameter at the top of the iron core is larger than the diameter of the iron core and the inner diameter of the coil rack, and the pole face at the top of the iron core is arranged at the top of the coil rack to clamp the coil rack.
Furthermore, the magnetic isolation gasket, the permanent magnet frame and the coil rack are made of non-magnetic materials.
Furthermore, the surface of the permanent magnet connected with the magnetic conduction block is an S pole, and the surface connected with the armature is an N pole.
Furthermore, strip-shaped grooves are formed in two sides of the magnetic conduction block, yoke group fixing screws are arranged in the strip-shaped grooves and penetrate through the yoke, the strip-shaped grooves along the two sides of the magnetic conduction block are matched with threaded holes in the permanent magnet frame and penetrate through the permanent magnet frame and two sides of the magnetic isolation gasket, and the tops of the yoke group fixing screws are fixedly connected through armature group fixing screws.
Furthermore, when the relay is not electrified and the coil of the relay is not excited, the permanent magnet loops on the two sides sequentially pass through the permanent magnet, the armature, the iron core, the yoke, the magnetic conduction block and the permanent magnet; when current in a specific direction is conducted in a reset state, the electromagnetic loop sequentially passes through the left iron core, the yoke iron, the right iron core, the armature iron and the left iron core; when the relay is in a set state and is electrified with current in a specific direction, the electromagnetic circuit sequentially passes through the right iron core, the yoke iron, the left iron core, the armature iron and the right iron core.
The invention has the advantages and beneficial effects that:
according to the bistable locomotive vehicle-mounted relay electromagnetic structure, the relay is in a non-electrified stable state, the permanent magnetic attraction provides the holding force, and when the coil is electrified and the armature of the relay moves towards the attraction position, because the working air gaps on the two sides of the permanent magnet are respectively increased and decreased, the permanent magnetic attraction gradually blocks the armature from rotating to help the armature to rotate, so that the armature can finish the movement process more quickly. The permanent magnetic circuit of the relay can also work with the coil magnetic circuit in a cooperative mode, and power consumption required by actuation of the relay is reduced. The double-phase locomotive on-board relay has the advantages that the magnetic circuit efficiency can be improved, the relay power is reduced, the problems of low release holding force, poor vibration and impact resistance, serious normally closed contact bounce and the like of the bistable locomotive on-board relay are solved, the contact reliability of the contact can be effectively improved, and the safety of a contact circuit is ensured.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of an electromagnetic structure of a relay according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the electromagnetic components of the relay of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of an armature assembly;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of a yoke assembly;
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a coil assembly;
FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of the electromagnetic structure when the coil is not energized in the released state;
FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of the electromagnetic structure when the coil is energized in the released state;
FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of the electromagnetic structure when the coil is powered off in the attraction state;
fig. 9 is a diagram showing the reaction force of the relay.
The components in the figure: 1 is armature, 2 is magnetic isolation pad, 3 is permanent magnet, 4 is permanent magnet frame, 5 is magnetic conduction block, 6 is iron core, 7 is coil rack, 8 is coil, 9 is yoke, 10 is lead wire piece, 11 is iron core set screw, 12 is yoke set screw, 13 is armature set screw, 14 is short armature rivet, 15 is long armature rivet, 16 is pull rod.
Detailed Description
For the purpose of better explaining the present invention and to facilitate understanding, the present invention will be described in detail by way of specific embodiments with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Referring to fig. 1-5, the invention relates to a bistable locomotive-mounted electromagnetic relay, which comprises an armature 1, an iron core 6, a coil 8 and a yoke 9, wherein a magnetic isolation gasket 2 is fixedly arranged at the bottom of the armature 1, the bottom of the armature 1 is completely covered by the magnetic isolation gasket 2, and one end of the armature 1 is fixedly connected with one end of the magnetic isolation gasket 2 through a short armature rivet 14. The structure that the magnetic isolation gasket is respectively fixed with the armature and the yoke iron group ensures that the armature iron group can realize abrasion-free rotation, and the mechanical life of the relay is prolonged. The other ends of the armature 1 and the magnetic isolation gasket 2 are fixedly connected with a pull rod 16 through a long armature rivet 15. The pull rod 16 is connected with a counter-force system and used for driving the on-off of the dynamic and static contacts of the relay so as to switch on and off an external circuit connected with the contacts.
The middle part of the magnetic isolation gasket 2 protrudes towards the two sides of the armature 1, the lower part of the middle part of the assembled armature 1 and magnetic isolation gasket 2 is connected with the permanent magnet 3, the permanent magnet 3 is arranged in the through groove of the permanent magnet frame 4, the lower part of the permanent magnet 3 of the permanent magnet frame 4 is connected with the magnetic conduction block 5, the bottom of the magnetic conduction block 5 is connected with the yoke 9, the yoke group fixing screw 12 passes through the yoke 9, is matched with the threaded hole in the permanent magnet frame 4 along the strip-shaped groove at the two sides of the magnetic conduction block 5, passes through the two sides of the magnetic isolation gasket 2 of the permanent magnet frame 4, the top is fixedly connected through the armature group fixing screw 13, the magnetic conduction block 5 and the permanent magnet frame 4 are fixed on the yoke 9, and the permanent magnet 3 is arranged in the open slot of the permanent magnet frame 4 according to the polarity requirement. From the mechanical property of the relay, the armature group is fixed in a mode that parts of the electromagnetic mechanism of the relay are hardly abraded in the service life, so that the mechanical property of the electromagnetic mechanism of the relay can ensure good consistency in the service life.
And an iron core 6, a coil frame 7 and a coil 8 are respectively arranged between the left side and the right side of the assembled armature 1 and the magnetic isolation gasket 2 and a yoke 9 below the assembled armature, the coil 8 is wound on the coil frame 7, and the iron core 6 penetrates through the coil frame 7 and is fixed on the yoke 9 together by an iron core fixing screw 11 and a coil group. The bottom of the coil rack 7 is provided with a non-magnetic conducting lead piece 10, and the lead piece 10 is inserted into the small holes at the two ends of the bottom of the coil rack 7 and used for leading out the head and the tail of the coil 8. The diameter of the pole face at the top of the iron core 6 is larger than the diameter of the iron core 6 and the inner diameter of the coil rack 7, and the pole face at the top of the iron core 6 is arranged at the top of the coil rack 7 to clamp the coil rack 7. This abnormal shape iron core structure when carrying on spacingly to coil assembly, has promoted the magnetic latching power when iron core and armature group contact, has promoted electromagnetic circuit's magnetic efficiency simultaneously, when further promoting relay shock resistance, has reduced the required consumption of relay work.
The installation between armature group and yoke group is realized through armature group set screw 13 passing through two end holes of magnetism isolating gasket 2, and then fixed with the screw hole on permanent magnet frame 4, and 3 during relay work, armature group uses armature group set screw 13 as the axle to realize clockwise and anticlockwise rotation work.
The armature 1, the magnetic conduction block 5, the iron core 6, the yoke 9 and the iron core fixing screw 11 are made of soft magnetic materials, the magnetic isolation gasket 2, the permanent magnet frame 4, the coil frame 7, the lead sheet 10, the yoke group fixing screw 12, the armature group fixing screw 13, the short armature rivet 14, the long armature rivet 15 and the pull rod 16 are made of non-magnetic materials, the coil 8 is made of copper, and the permanent magnet 3 is made of neodymium iron boron.
The surface of the permanent magnet 3 connected with the magnetic conduction block 5 is an S pole, and the surface connected with the armature 1 is an N pole.
The working principle of the invention is as follows:
the key part of the electromagnetic structure of the invention is a permanent magnet 3, the relay is in a resetting state when not electrified, referring to fig. 6, the surface of the permanent magnet, which is attached to a magnetic conduction block, is an S pole, the direction of an armature is an N pole, when excitation is not applied to a coil of the relay, only a permanent magnet loop exists in a magnetic circuit, namely, a loop shown by a dotted line in fig. 6, and the paths of the permanent magnet loops on two sides are respectively permanent magnet 3 → armature 1 → iron core 6 → yoke iron 9 → magnetic conduction block 5 → permanent magnet 3. In the reset state of the relay, the air gap of the permanent magnet loop at the left side is far smaller than the air gap of the permanent magnet loop at the right side, and the magnetic holding force generated by the permanent magnet loop with the small air gap at the left side at the contact position of the armature and the iron core is far larger than the magnetic holding force generated by the permanent magnet loop with the large air gap at the right side at the contact position of the armature and the iron core, so that the relay can be kept in the reset state, and the setting state is also the same. Because the permanent magnet 9 is made of neodymium iron boron materials, and the utilization rate of the permanent magnet of the small air gap loop is extremely high, the retention force of the relay is larger in the resetting/setting state. The iron core 6 adopts the different polarity face structure, when guaranteeing to carry on spacingly to coil assembly, has reduced the area of contact of iron core polar surface and armature group, from the principle magnetic holding power between the two when further having increased iron core and armature group contact for the shock resistance of relay can be better, has improved the contact reliability of relay.
When current in a specific direction is turned on in the reset state, referring to fig. 7, the set coil generates an electromagnetic field inside the electromagnetic structure, and the electromagnetic circuit path is iron core 6 (left) → yoke 7 → iron core 6 (right) → armature 1 → iron core 6 (left). The electromagnetic loop is opposite to the direction of the permanent magnetic field in the left permanent magnetic small air gap loop and is offset with the permanent magnetic field, and the electromagnetic loop is the same as the direction of the permanent magnetic field in the right permanent magnetic large air gap loop and is overlapped with the permanent magnetic field, so that the permanent magnetic field can help the relay to be attracted in the electrifying process. When the difference between the electromagnetic attraction and the counter force is larger than 0, the armature set starts to rotate, meanwhile, the air gap in the magnetic circuit with the small permanent magnet air gap is gradually increased, the permanent magnet attraction acted on the armature set by the permanent magnet 3 is reduced, the rotation speed of the armature 1 is accelerated until the armature contacts the iron core 6, and the conversion process is completed. Due to the existence of the permanent magnet 3, the efficiency of electromagnetic flux is improved, and the power consumption of the coil can be reduced under the condition of the same holding force; and under the condition of the same coil power consumption, the holding force can be improved, and the vibration resistance and the shock resistance of the relay in a release state are further improved.
When the relay is in the set state and the current is conducted in a specific direction, referring to fig. 8, the electromagnetic circuit path is iron core 6 (right) → yoke 7 → iron core 6 (left) → armature 1 → iron core 6 (right), and the working principle is the same as that of fig. 7.
The matching relationship between the electromagnetic structure attraction force of the relay and the contact spring structure counterforce is shown in fig. 9.
The invention provides an electromagnetic structure of a bistable locomotive-mounted relay, which is characterized in that a permanent magnet replaces a traditional counter force spring/elastic sheet to enhance the holding force of the relay in a release state, so that the relay can be held in two states (namely bistable state), the reliability of the bistable locomotive-mounted relay can be effectively improved, the power consumption is reduced, the vibration and impact resistance is improved, and the complexity of parts is reduced. The permanent magnet can help the relay to improve the suction speed and improve the efficiency of electromagnetic flux while increasing the release holding force.

Claims (9)

1. The utility model provides a bistable locomotive on-vehicle electromagnetic relay which characterized in that: comprises an armature (1), an iron core (6), a coil (8) and a yoke (9), the bottom of the armature (1) is fixedly provided with a magnetic isolation gasket (2), the bottom of the armature (1) is completely covered by the magnetic isolation gasket (2), the lower part of the middle part of the assembled armature (1) and the magnetic isolation gasket (2) is connected with the permanent magnet (3), the permanent magnet (3) is arranged in the through groove of the permanent magnet frame (4), the lower part of the permanent magnet (3) of the permanent magnet frame (4) is connected with the magnetic conduction block (5), the bottom of the magnetic conduction block (5) is connected with the yoke (9), and an iron core (6), a coil rack (7) and a coil (8) are respectively arranged between the left side and the right side of the assembled armature (1) and the magnetic isolation gasket (2) and a yoke (9) below the assembled armature and the assembled coil rack, the coil (8) is wound on the coil rack (7), and the iron core (6) penetrates through the coil rack (7) and is jointly fixed on the yoke (9) with the coil assembly.
2. The bistable locomotive onboard electromagnetic relay of claim 1, wherein: one end of the armature iron (1) is connected with a pull rod (16), and the pull rod (16) is connected with a counter force system.
3. The bistable locomotive onboard electromagnetic relay of claim 1, wherein: the bottom of the coil rack (7) is provided with a non-magnetic lead sheet (10).
4. The bistable locomotive onboard electromagnetic relay of claim 1, wherein: the permanent magnet material is neodymium iron boron, samarium cobalt or alnico.
5. The bistable locomotive onboard electromagnetic relay of claim 1, wherein: the diameter of the pole face at the top of the iron core (6) is larger than the diameter of the iron core (6) and the inner diameter of the coil rack (7), and the pole face at the top of the iron core (6) is arranged at the top of the coil rack (7) to clamp the coil rack (7).
6. The bistable locomotive onboard electromagnetic relay of claim 1, wherein: the magnetic isolation gasket (2), the permanent magnet frame (4) and the coil rack (7) are made of non-magnetic materials.
7. The bistable locomotive onboard electromagnetic relay of claim 1, wherein: the surface of the permanent magnet (3) connected with the magnetic conduction block (5) is an S pole, and the surface of the permanent magnet connected with the armature (1) is an N pole.
8. The bistable locomotive onboard electromagnetic relay of claim 1, wherein: strip-shaped grooves are formed in two sides of the magnetic conduction block (5), yoke group fixing screws (12) are arranged in the strip-shaped grooves, the yoke group fixing screws (12) penetrate through the yoke (9), are matched with threaded holes in the permanent magnet frame (4) along the strip-shaped grooves in the two sides of the magnetic conduction block (5), penetrate through the permanent magnet frame (4) and two sides of the magnetic isolation gasket (2), and are fixedly connected with the top through armature group fixing screws (13).
9. The bistable locomotive onboard electromagnetic relay of claim 1, wherein: the relay is not electrified, when the relay coil is not excited, the permanent magnet loops on the two sides sequentially pass through the permanent magnet (3), the armature (1), the iron core (6), the yoke iron (9), the magnetic conduction block (5) and the permanent magnet (3); when current in a specific direction is turned on in a reset state, the electromagnetic circuit sequentially passes through the left iron core, the yoke iron (7), the right iron core, the armature iron (1) and the left iron core; when the relay is in a set state and current in a specific direction is applied, the electromagnetic circuit sequentially passes through the right iron core, the yoke (7), the left iron core, the armature (1) and the right iron core.
CN202111103512.7A 2021-09-22 2021-09-22 Bistable locomotive on-board electromagnetic relay Active CN113838709B (en)

Priority Applications (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN202111103512.7A CN113838709B (en) 2021-09-22 2021-09-22 Bistable locomotive on-board electromagnetic relay
PCT/CN2022/117876 WO2023045775A1 (en) 2021-09-22 2022-09-08 Bistable onboard electromagnetic relay for locomotive

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Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN202111103512.7A CN113838709B (en) 2021-09-22 2021-09-22 Bistable locomotive on-board electromagnetic relay

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CN113838709A true CN113838709A (en) 2021-12-24
CN113838709B CN113838709B (en) 2023-10-27

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2023045775A1 (en) * 2021-09-22 2023-03-30 沈阳铁路信号有限责任公司 Bistable onboard electromagnetic relay for locomotive

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CN107481894A (en) * 2017-08-17 2017-12-15 海盐众信电子有限公司 A kind of phase-selecting switch and its control method
US20200234901A1 (en) * 2019-01-19 2020-07-23 Excel Cell Electronic Co., Ltd. Electromagnetic relay and a method of making the same

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN2389414Y (en) * 1999-09-09 2000-07-26 无锡市军工电力电器有限公司 Bistable permanent magnet operation mechanism for switch on post
CN102859618A (en) * 2010-04-21 2013-01-02 约翰逊电动德累斯顿有限公司 Bistable magnetic actuator
DE102013101878A1 (en) * 2012-03-01 2013-09-05 Johnson Electric S.A. relay
CN107481894A (en) * 2017-08-17 2017-12-15 海盐众信电子有限公司 A kind of phase-selecting switch and its control method
US20200234901A1 (en) * 2019-01-19 2020-07-23 Excel Cell Electronic Co., Ltd. Electromagnetic relay and a method of making the same

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2023045775A1 (en) * 2021-09-22 2023-03-30 沈阳铁路信号有限责任公司 Bistable onboard electromagnetic relay for locomotive

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