CN105023810A - Bi-stable clapping electromagnetic relay with permanent magnet - Google Patents
Bi-stable clapping electromagnetic relay with permanent magnet Download PDFInfo
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- CN105023810A CN105023810A CN201510474847.8A CN201510474847A CN105023810A CN 105023810 A CN105023810 A CN 105023810A CN 201510474847 A CN201510474847 A CN 201510474847A CN 105023810 A CN105023810 A CN 105023810A
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- yoke
- type structure
- armature
- permanent magnet
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
- H01H51/00—Electromagnetic relays
- H01H51/27—Relays with armature having two stable magnetic states and operated by change from one state to the other
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
- H01H50/00—Details of electromagnetic relays
- H01H50/16—Magnetic circuit arrangements
- H01H50/163—Details concerning air-gaps, e.g. anti-remanence, damping, anti-corrosion
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- Electromagnetism (AREA)
- Electromagnets (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a bi-stable clapping electromagnetic relay with a permanent magnet, belonging to the technical field of relays. The bi-stable clapping electromagnetic relay overcomes the problems of insufficient static holding power, poor vibration resistance and serious contact bounce of the relay in order to reduce the power consumption of the relay. The bi-stable clapping electromagnetic relay comprises a yoke, a coil, an iron core, a pole face, the permanent magnet and an armature, wherein the yoke is of a right-angle L-shaped structure; the armature is of an obtuse-angle L-shaped structure; the armature is reversely buckled at the top of the yoke; the armature rotates around the top of a vertical plate of the L-shaped structure of the yoke with a corner of the L-shaped structure of the armature as a pivot; the permanent magnet is vertically fixed between the vertical plate of the L-shaped structure of the yoke and the iron core; the permanent magnet is in contact with the vertical plate of the L-shaped structure of the yoke in parallel; an S pole on the lower end of the permanent magnet is in contact with a baseplate of the L-shaped structure of the yoke; a non-magnetic section is arranged on the vertical plate of the L-shaped structure of the yoke; an upper boundary and a lower boundary of the non-magnetic section are located within an upper boundary and a lower boundary of the permanent magnet; and the lower boundary of the vertical plate of the L-shaped structure of the armature is located under the lower boundary of the non-magnetic section. The bi-stable clapping electromagnetic relay is applied to the field of automatic control.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to relay technical field.
Background technology
Electromagnetic relay has a wide range of applications in automatic control system and electronic equipment, and some performances of research relay are very important.In order to make the performance boost such as sensitivity, power consumption, weight of relay, usually use permanent magnet in electromagnetic relay inside.Clapper type relay is relatively commonly used in daily life, civilian, railway, and is monostable relay mostly, and monostable relay is energized owing to also wanting hold-in winding under adhesive or release condition, so its power consumption is comparatively large, and coil easily generates heat.
Summary of the invention
The present invention is to reduce relay power consumption, overcomes the problem that relay static retention forces is inadequate, vibration resistance is poor, contact bounce is serious, the invention provides a kind of band permanent-magnet bistable clapper-type electromagnetic relay.
A kind of band permanent-magnet bistable clapper-type electromagnetic relay, it comprises yoke, coil, iron core, pole-face, permanent magnet and armature,
Described yoke is right angle L-type structure,
Armature is obtuse angle L-type structure, armature tips upside down on the top of yoke, and described armature with the corner of self L-type structure for fulcrum rotates around the riser top of the L-type structure of yoke, iron core is between armature and yoke, and described iron core is vertically fixed on the plate upper surface of the L-type structure of yoke, and coil winding forms coil groups on iron core, pole-face is fixed on the top of iron core, leave space between described coil and pole-face, between the plate upper surface of the L-type structure of coil and yoke, leave space
Between the riser that permanent magnet is vertically fixed on the L-type structure of yoke and iron core, permanent magnet is rectangular structure, and the upper and lower end of described rectangular structure is respectively N pole and S pole; Permanent magnet is parallel with the riser side of the L-type structure of yoke and contact, and the S pole of permanent magnet lower end contacts with the base plate of the L-type structure of yoke,
The riser of the L-type structure of yoke is provided with non-magnetic section, and the up-and-down boundary position of non-magnetic section is positioned at the up-and-down boundary scope of permanent magnet,
The lower boundary of the riser of the L-type structure of armature is positioned at the below of the lower boundary of non-magnetic section.
Principle Analysis:
One band permanent-magnet bistable clapper-type electromagnetic relay of the present invention contains permanent magnetism 5, it is the key component of electromagnetic system, electromagnetic system contains little large two working gas gaps, during off-position, the magnetic flux at small air gap place must be greater than the magnetic flux at air gaps place, the magnetic field force at small air gap place is greater than air gaps place magnetic field force, now armature 6 and yoke 1 contacts side surfaces, and relay keeps release condition.
When coil 2 applies direct impulse, relay internal magnetic field direction is as shown in circuit in Fig. 6, now electromagnetic attraction starts to increase, and the magnetic direction that coil 2 produces is contrary with the magnetic direction of small air gap place permanent magnetism, and identical with the permanent magnetic field direction at air gaps place, until when the difference of the initial confining force of off-position lower armature group and counter-force is greater than 0,6 groups, armature starts to rotate, until armature 6 contacts with pole-face 4, arrives attracted position, complete attracting process, as shown in Figure 7.
When coil 2 power-off, electromagnetic attraction declines, and permanent magnet circuit has small one and large one two air gap loops equally, as shown in circuit in Fig. 7, the suction that small air gap loop produces at armature 6 top is greater than the suction that air gaps loop produces in armature 6 side, therefore armature 6 can keep attracting state.
When coil 2 applies reverse impulse, as shown in Figure 7, now electromagnetic attraction starts reverse increase in relay internal magnetic field direction, and the magnetic direction that coil 2 produces is contrary with the magnetic direction in path 1, and it is identical with the magnetic direction in path 2, until the suction of armature 6 side is greater than the suction at armature 6 top, then coordinate the effect of relay counter-force, 6 groups, armature starts to rotate, until armature 6 side contacts with yoke 1 side, arrive off-position, complete dispose procedure, as shown in Figure 6.
When coil 2 power-off, electromagnetic attraction declines, permanent magnet circuit has small one and large one two air gap loops, shown in rare flux circuit as large in permanent magnetism in Fig. 6 and permanent magnetism small air gap flux circuit, the suction of small air gap will much larger than the suction of air gaps, so the suction of armature of relay side will much larger than the suction at armature top, therefore armature can keep release condition.
For solving the large problem of power consumption, the magnetic latching relay in bistable relay can be adopted to make armature remain on stable state by permanent magnetic attraction under adhesive or release condition, and coil does not now need energising, so its power consumption is little, coil also can not generate heat.
The beneficial effect that the present invention brings is, patent of the present invention adopts containing permanent magnet system, improves the deficiencies such as clapper type relay static retention forces is inadequate, vibration resistance is poor, contact bounce is serious.Because relay just applies positive and negative pulse to coil when armature changes stable state, do not have electric current when relay is in stable state in coil, but keep stable state, so relay power consumption is little by permanent magnet flux generation suction.And the working gas gap corresponding with it by permanent magnet cooperatively interacts, increase at adhesive and confining force during release stable position, improve the reliability of relay, reduce the possibility of relay misoperation under vibration, reduce contact bounce simultaneously, improve the electric life of relay.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is a kind of perspective view with permanent-magnet bistable clapper-type electromagnetic relay described in embodiment one;
Fig. 2 is the right view of Fig. 1;
Fig. 3 is the vertical view of Fig. 1;
Fig. 4 is that the position of coil 2, iron core 3, pole-face 4 and yoke 1 coordinates schematic diagram;
Fig. 5 is the structural representation of permanent magnet 5;
Flux circuit schematic diagram when Fig. 6 is off-position;
Flux circuit schematic diagram when Fig. 7 is attracted position;
Fig. 8 is the suction counter-force cooperation figure adopting electromagnetic relay of the present invention; In figure, A curve is forward 605 ampere-turn suction curve, and B curve is pick-up voltage suction curve, and C curve is counter-force curve, and D curve is release voltage suction curve, and E curve is 0 ampere-turn suction curve, and F curve is reverse 605 ampere-turn suction curves.
Embodiment
Embodiment one: see Fig. 1 to 5, present embodiment is described, the one band permanent-magnet bistable clapper-type electromagnetic relay described in present embodiment, it comprises yoke 1, coil 2, iron core 3, pole-face 4, permanent magnet 5 and armature 6,
Described yoke 1 is right angle L-type structure,
Armature 6 is obtuse angle L-type structure, armature 6 tips upside down on the top of yoke 1, and described armature 6 with the corner of self L-type structure for fulcrum rotates around the riser top of the L-type structure of yoke 1, iron core 3 is between armature 6 and yoke 1, and described iron core 3 is vertically fixed on the plate upper surface of the L-type structure of yoke 1, coil 2 is wrapped on iron core 3 and forms coil groups, pole-face 4 is fixed on the top of iron core 3, space is left between described coil 2 and pole-face 4, space is left between the plate upper surface of the L-type structure of coil 2 and yoke 1
Between the riser that permanent magnet 5 is vertically fixed on the L-type structure of yoke 1 and iron core 3, permanent magnet 5 is rectangular structure, and the upper and lower end of described rectangular structure is respectively N pole and S pole; Permanent magnet 5 is parallel with the riser side of the L-type structure of yoke 1 and contact, and the S pole of permanent magnet 5 lower end contacts with the base plate of the L-type structure of yoke 1,
The riser of the L-type structure of yoke 1 is provided with non-magnetic section 7, and the up-and-down boundary position of non-magnetic section 7 is positioned at the up-and-down boundary scope of permanent magnet 5,
The lower boundary of the riser of the L-type structure of armature 6 is positioned at the below of the lower boundary of non-magnetic section 7.
In present embodiment, space is there is between the upper end of coil and pole-face and between the base plate of the L-type structure of the lower end of coil and yoke, space between the upper end of coil and pole-face is used for the encapsulation of coil top and adds one deck vinyl cover, and the space between the base plate of the lower end of coil and the L-type structure of yoke for adding one deck plastic casing and coil separates on the base plate of the L-type structure of yoke.
Embodiment two: present embodiment is described see Fig. 6 and Fig. 7, present embodiment and a kind of difference with permanent-magnet bistable clapper-type electromagnetic relay described in embodiment one are, the movement relation of described armature 6 and yoke 1, pole-face 4 is:
Off-position: the base plate of the L-type structure of armature 6 is separated with pole-face 4, the riser of the L-type structure of armature 6 contacts with the riser of the L-type structure of yoke 1,
Attracted position: the riser of the L-type structure of armature 6 is separated with the riser of the L-type structure of yoke 1, the base plate of the L-type structure of armature 6 contacts with pole-face 4.
Embodiment three: present embodiment and a kind of difference with permanent-magnet bistable clapper-type electromagnetic relay described in embodiment one are, described relay exists electromagnetism magnetic flux path and permanent magnet flux path;
As follows in permanent magnet flux path, off-position:
Permanent magnet flux air gaps path is: the S pole of the base plate → permanent magnet 5 of the L-type structure of base plate → pole-face 4 → iron core 3 → yoke 1 of the L-type structure of the riser → armature 6 of the L-type structure of the top → armature 6 of non-magnetic section 7 on the riser of the L-type structure of the N pole → yoke 1 of permanent magnet 5;
Permanent magnet flux small air gap path is: the S pole of the base plate → permanent magnet 5 of the L-type structure of the bottom → yoke 1 of non-magnetic section 7 on the riser of the L-type structure of the riser → yoke 1 of the L-type structure of the top → armature 6 of non-magnetic section 7 on the riser of the L-type structure of the N pole → yoke 1 of permanent magnet 5;
When becoming attracted position from off-position, coil 2 applies direct impulse, and electromagnetism magnetic flux path is as follows:
Electromagnetism magnetic flux path is: the base plate → pole-face 4 → iron core 3 of the L-type structure of the riser → armature 6 of the L-type structure of the bottom → armature 6 of non-magnetic section 7 on the riser of the L-type structure of the base plate → yoke 1 of the L-type structure of iron core 3 → yoke 1;
As follows in permanent magnet flux path, attracted position:
Permanent magnet flux air gaps path is: the S pole of the base plate → permanent magnet 5 of the L-type structure of the bottom → yoke 1 of non-magnetic section 7 on the riser of the L-type structure of the riser afterbody → yoke 1 of the L-type structure of the top → armature 6 of non-magnetic section 7 on the riser of the L-type structure of the N pole → yoke 1 of permanent magnet 5;
Permanent magnet flux small air gap path is: the S pole of the base plate → permanent magnet 5 of the L-type structure of base plate → pole-face 4 → iron core 3 → yoke 1 of the L-type structure of the top → armature 6 of non-magnetic section 7 on the riser of the L-type structure of the N pole → yoke 1 of permanent magnet 5;
When becoming off-position from attracted position, coil 2 applies reverse impulse, and electromagnetism magnetic flux path is as follows:
Electromagnetism magnetic flux path is: the base plate → iron core 3 of the L-type structure of the bottom → yoke 1 of non-magnetic section 7 on the riser of the L-type structure of the riser → yoke 1 of the L-type structure of the base plate → armature 6 of the L-type structure of iron core 3 → pole-face 4 → armature 6.
Embodiment four: present embodiment and a kind of difference with permanent-magnet bistable clapper-type electromagnetic relay described in embodiment one are, described permanent magnet 5 adopts aluminium nickel cobalt, SmCo or neodymium iron boron to realize.
Embodiment five: present embodiment and a kind of difference with permanent-magnet bistable clapper-type electromagnetic relay described in embodiment one are, adopts fluoroplastic tape to insulate between bottom described coil groups and yoke 1.
Embodiment six: present embodiment and a kind of difference with permanent-magnet bistable clapper-type electromagnetic relay described in embodiment one are, leaves space for adding one deck plastic casing on the base plate of the L-type structure of yoke 1 between the plate upper surface of described coil 2 and the L-type structure of yoke 1.
Embodiment seven: present embodiment and a kind of difference with permanent-magnet bistable clapper-type electromagnetic relay described in embodiment one are, leaves space for sealing up one deck vinyl cover at coil 2 top between described coil 2 and pole-face 4.
Embodiment eight: present embodiment and a kind of difference with permanent-magnet bistable clapper-type electromagnetic relay described in embodiment one are, described non-magnetic section 7 adopts insulating material to realize.
As seen from Figure 8: counter-force curve this as syllogic, the counter-force namely at back contact place, the counter-force when intermittent motion and the counter-force three sections of counter-force curves at make contact place; Under 0 ampere-turn, the attractive characteristic curve of permanent magnetism is about abscissa full symmetric, namely less than relay self counter-force at the suction of release condition permanent magnetism generation, and the suction that permanent magnetism produces under attracting state is larger than relay self counter-force, so relay can keep original state in no power situation; Under release voltage, although electromagnetic attraction and the total suction of permanent magnetic attraction always little than counter-force, but closely, this is conducive to the debugging of release voltage to the two curve; Under pick-up voltage, although electromagnetic attraction and the total suction of permanent magnetic attraction always large than counter-force, the two curve equally closely, can reduce the power consumption of relay under pick-up voltage like this; And under rated voltage, the namely absolute value of suction under 605 ampere-turns, all much bigger than the absolute value of counter-force everywhere, improve vibration resistance, to ensure relay work normally and efficiently.
Claims (8)
1. a band permanent-magnet bistable clapper-type electromagnetic relay, it is characterized in that, it comprises yoke (1), coil (2), iron core (3), pole-face (4), permanent magnet (5) and armature (6)
Described yoke (1) is right angle L-type structure,
Armature (6) is obtuse angle L-type structure, armature (6) tips upside down on the top of yoke (1), and described armature (6) with the corner of self L-type structure for fulcrum rotates around the riser top of the L-type structure of yoke (1), iron core (3) is positioned between armature (6) and yoke (1), and described iron core (3) is vertically fixed on the plate upper surface of the L-type structure of yoke (1), coil (2) is wrapped on iron core (3) and forms coil groups, pole-face (4) is fixed on the top of iron core (3), space is left between described coil (2) and pole-face (4), space is left between the plate upper surface of the L-type structure of coil (2) and yoke (1),
Permanent magnet (5) is vertically fixed between the riser of the L-type structure of yoke (1) and iron core (3), and permanent magnet (5) is rectangular structure, and the upper and lower end of described rectangular structure is respectively N pole and S pole; Permanent magnet (5) is parallel with the riser side of the L-type structure of yoke (1) and contact, and the S pole of permanent magnet (5) lower end contacts with the base plate of the L-type structure of yoke (1),
The riser of the L-type structure of yoke (1) is provided with non-magnetic section (7), and the up-and-down boundary position of non-magnetic section (7) is positioned at the up-and-down boundary scope of permanent magnet (5),
The lower boundary of the riser of the L-type structure of armature (6) is positioned at the below of the lower boundary of non-magnetic section (7).
2. one band permanent-magnet bistable clapper-type electromagnetic relay according to claim 1, is characterized in that, the movement relation of described armature (6) and yoke (1), pole-face (4) is:
Off-position: the base plate of the L-type structure of armature (6) is separated with pole-face (4), the riser of the L-type structure of armature (6) contacts with the riser of the L-type structure of yoke (1),
Attracted position: the riser of the L-type structure of armature (6) is separated with the riser of the L-type structure of yoke (1), the base plate of the L-type structure of armature (6) contacts with pole-face (4).
3. one band permanent-magnet bistable clapper-type electromagnetic relay according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, there is electromagnetism magnetic flux path and permanent magnet flux path in described relay;
As follows in permanent magnet flux path, off-position:
Permanent magnet flux air gaps path is: the S pole of the base plate → permanent magnet (5) of the L-type structure of base plate → pole-face (4) → iron core (the 3) → yoke (1) of the L-type structure of the riser → armature (6) of the L-type structure of the top → armature (6) of non-magnetic section (7) on the riser of the L-type structure of the N pole → yoke (1) of permanent magnet (5);
Permanent magnet flux small air gap path is: the S pole of the base plate → permanent magnet (5) of the L-type structure of the bottom → yoke (1) of non-magnetic section (7) on the riser of the L-type structure of the riser → yoke (1) of the L-type structure of the top → armature (6) of non-magnetic section (7) on the riser of the L-type structure of the N pole → yoke (1) of permanent magnet (5);
When becoming attracted position from off-position, coil (2) applies direct impulse, and electromagnetism magnetic flux path is as follows:
Electromagnetism magnetic flux path is: base plate → pole-face (the 4) → iron core (3) of the L-type structure of the riser → armature (6) of the L-type structure of the bottom → armature (6) of non-magnetic section (7) on the riser of the L-type structure of the base plate → yoke (1) of the L-type structure of iron core (3) → yoke (1);
As follows in permanent magnet flux path, attracted position:
Permanent magnet flux air gaps path is: the S pole of the base plate → permanent magnet (5) of the L-type structure of the bottom → yoke (1) of non-magnetic section (7) on the riser of the L-type structure of the riser afterbody → yoke (1) of the L-type structure of the top → armature (6) of non-magnetic section (7) on the riser of the L-type structure of the N pole → yoke (1) of permanent magnet (5);
Permanent magnet flux small air gap path is: the S pole of the base plate → permanent magnet (5) of the L-type structure of base plate → pole-face (4) → iron core (the 3) → yoke (1) of the L-type structure of the top → armature (6) of non-magnetic section (7) on the riser of the L-type structure of the N pole → yoke (1) of permanent magnet (5);
When becoming off-position from attracted position, coil (2) applies reverse impulse, and electromagnetism magnetic flux path is as follows:
Electromagnetism magnetic flux path is: the base plate → iron core (3) of the L-type structure of the bottom → yoke (1) of non-magnetic section (7) on the riser of the L-type structure of the riser → yoke (1) of the L-type structure of the base plate → armature (6) of the L-type structure of iron core (3) → pole-face (4) → armature (6).
4. one band permanent-magnet bistable clapper-type electromagnetic relay according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described permanent magnet (5) adopts aluminium nickel cobalt, SmCo or neodymium iron boron to realize.
5. one band permanent-magnet bistable clapper-type electromagnetic relay according to claim 1, is characterized in that, adopt fluoroplastic tape to insulate between described coil groups and yoke (1) bottom.
6. one band permanent-magnet bistable clapper-type electromagnetic relay according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, leaving space between the plate upper surface of described coil (2) and the L-type structure of yoke (1) on the base plate of the L-type structure at yoke (1) adds one deck plastic casing.
7. one band permanent-magnet bistable clapper-type electromagnetic relay according to claim 1, is characterized in that, leaving space for sealing up one deck vinyl cover at coil (2) top between described coil (2) and pole-face (4).
8. one band permanent-magnet bistable clapper-type electromagnetic relay according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described non-magnetic section (7) adopt insulating material to realize.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201510474847.8A CN105023810A (en) | 2015-08-05 | 2015-08-05 | Bi-stable clapping electromagnetic relay with permanent magnet |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201510474847.8A CN105023810A (en) | 2015-08-05 | 2015-08-05 | Bi-stable clapping electromagnetic relay with permanent magnet |
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Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN110556269A (en) * | 2018-05-31 | 2019-12-10 | 富士通电子零件有限公司 | Electromagnetic relay |
| CN110767511A (en) * | 2019-11-01 | 2020-02-07 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Magnetic circuit structure for hydraulic electromagnetic release |
| CN111769721A (en) * | 2019-12-24 | 2020-10-13 | 陕西理工大学 | Motor control power supply device and system |
| WO2023035151A1 (en) * | 2021-09-08 | 2023-03-16 | 沈阳铁路信号有限责任公司 | Monostable clapper relay having permanent magnet |
| WO2023045775A1 (en) * | 2021-09-22 | 2023-03-30 | 沈阳铁路信号有限责任公司 | Bistable onboard electromagnetic relay for locomotive |
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| CN103489717A (en) * | 2013-08-27 | 2014-01-01 | 厦门宏发电声股份有限公司 | Clapper-type double-magnetic circuit magnetic latching relay |
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| CN110767511B (en) * | 2019-11-01 | 2021-09-17 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Magnetic circuit structure for hydraulic electromagnetic release |
| CN111769721A (en) * | 2019-12-24 | 2020-10-13 | 陕西理工大学 | Motor control power supply device and system |
| CN111769721B (en) * | 2019-12-24 | 2023-09-22 | 陕西理工大学 | Motor control power supply device and system |
| WO2023035151A1 (en) * | 2021-09-08 | 2023-03-16 | 沈阳铁路信号有限责任公司 | Monostable clapper relay having permanent magnet |
| WO2023045775A1 (en) * | 2021-09-22 | 2023-03-30 | 沈阳铁路信号有限责任公司 | Bistable onboard electromagnetic relay for locomotive |
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