CN113835018B - PCBA single board test system based on laser multi-point positioning - Google Patents
PCBA single board test system based on laser multi-point positioning Download PDFInfo
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- CN113835018B CN113835018B CN202111168734.7A CN202111168734A CN113835018B CN 113835018 B CN113835018 B CN 113835018B CN 202111168734 A CN202111168734 A CN 202111168734A CN 113835018 B CN113835018 B CN 113835018B
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Classifications
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
- G01R31/28—Testing of electronic circuits, e.g. by signal tracer
- G01R31/2801—Testing of printed circuits, backplanes, motherboards, hybrid circuits or carriers for multichip packages [MCP]
- G01R31/2806—Apparatus therefor, e.g. test stations, drivers, analysers, conveyors
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B07—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS; SORTING
- B07C—POSTAL SORTING; SORTING INDIVIDUAL ARTICLES, OR BULK MATERIAL FIT TO BE SORTED PIECE-MEAL, e.g. BY PICKING
- B07C5/00—Sorting according to a characteristic or feature of the articles or material being sorted, e.g. by control effected by devices which detect or measure such characteristic or feature; Sorting by manually actuated devices, e.g. switches
- B07C5/34—Sorting according to other particular properties
- B07C5/344—Sorting according to other particular properties according to electric or electromagnetic properties
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B07—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS; SORTING
- B07C—POSTAL SORTING; SORTING INDIVIDUAL ARTICLES, OR BULK MATERIAL FIT TO BE SORTED PIECE-MEAL, e.g. BY PICKING
- B07C5/00—Sorting according to a characteristic or feature of the articles or material being sorted, e.g. by control effected by devices which detect or measure such characteristic or feature; Sorting by manually actuated devices, e.g. switches
- B07C5/36—Sorting apparatus characterised by the means used for distribution
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
- G01R31/28—Testing of electronic circuits, e.g. by signal tracer
- G01R31/2801—Testing of printed circuits, backplanes, motherboards, hybrid circuits or carriers for multichip packages [MCP]
- G01R31/2806—Apparatus therefor, e.g. test stations, drivers, analysers, conveyors
- G01R31/2808—Holding, conveying or contacting devices, e.g. test adapters, edge connectors, extender boards
Abstract
The invention belongs to the field of test equipment, and particularly relates to a PCBA single board test system based on laser multipoint positioning. The system is arranged on a conveying mechanism, and the PCBA single board testing system comprises a testing machine table, a front stop component, a rear stop component, a code scanning component, a test needle bed mechanism, a laser positioning component and an upper computer. The front stop assembly is arranged at the inlet of the test machine; the back stop component is arranged at the outlet of the test machine; the scanning position of the code scanning assembly corresponds to one side of the stop assembly, which is close to the conveying mechanism. The test needle bed mechanism is installed in the test machine. The test needle bed mechanism comprises an upper needle bed, a lower needle bed and at least one jacking cylinder which are oppositely arranged. The laser positioning assembly is used for detecting whether each PCBA single board reaches a preset test station. The upper computer is used for controlling the execution of the test task. The invention solves the problems that the function test efficiency of the customized PCBA single board is low, no special test equipment exists, and the test process needs to rely on manual work.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of test equipment, and particularly relates to a PCBA single board test system based on laser multipoint positioning.
Background
PCBA (Printed Circuit Board Assembly) is printed circuit board assembly, namely the finger printed circuit board PCB (Printed Circuit Board) passes through the SMT patch and then the whole process of the DIP plug-in, namely PCBA. The PCBA single board after processing has more problems due to uneven processing capability of processing factories. Considering that the function and the structural diversity of the PCBA single board are large, no special automatic test equipment for the PCBA single board exists in the market at present.
When FCT (Functional Circuit Test) single board function test is carried out on PCBA single boards, manual test is mainly carried out by each manufacturer. The backward testing method has low testing speed and low production efficiency. And PCBA single plates are required to be placed in a special test fixture for detection, and the long-term work is easy to damage different parts of the body of a tester, such as the neck and the waist. The test fixture used in the traditional test method is positioned only by the dug groove, and after long-time use, the fixture is easy to be positioned inaccurately, thereby causing false detection and reducing the reliability of the test result. The deformation of the testing jig may also cause the PCBA single board to be tested to be locally pressed, so that the product is damaged, and the production benefit of manufacturers is further affected.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a PCBA single board test system based on laser multipoint positioning, which aims to solve the problems that the existing customized PCBA single board function test efficiency is low, no special test equipment is needed and manual test is needed.
The invention is realized by adopting the following technical scheme:
each PCBA single board to be tested comprises a plurality of through holes. The PCBA single board testing system based on laser multipoint positioning is arranged on a conveying mechanism, the conveying mechanism is used for conveying PCBA single boards to be tested, and the conveying mechanism comprises two synchronous conveying belts and two side bars. The two synchronous conveyor belts are arranged in parallel along the horizontal plane and have a gap between them. The two side bars are respectively arranged at two sides of the two synchronous conveyor belts; the distance between the two side bars is adjustable.
The PCBA single board testing system based on laser multi-point positioning comprises a testing machine table, a front stop component, a rear stop component, a code scanning component, a testing needle bed mechanism, a laser positioning component and an upper computer.
The test machine is arranged at the middle section of the conveying mechanism, an inlet and an outlet are formed in the test machine, and the conveying mechanism penetrates through the test machine along the inlet and the outlet.
The front stop assembly is arranged at the inlet of the test machine; the front stop assembly is used for stopping or releasing PCBA single boards on the conveying mechanism from entering the test machine.
The back stop component is arranged at the outlet of the test machine; the back stop component is used for stopping or releasing the PCBA single board on the conveying mechanism from leaving the test machine.
The code scanning component is positioned above the conveying mechanism, and the scanning position of the code scanning component corresponds to one side of the stop component, which is close to the conveying mechanism, to which the conveying mechanism faces. The code scanning component is used for reading the ID information of each PCBA single board when the PCBA single board reaches the front stop component; and the information read by the code scanning component is sent to an upper computer.
The test needle bed mechanism is installed in the test machine. The test needle bed mechanism comprises an upper needle bed, a lower needle bed and at least one jacking cylinder which are oppositely arranged; and a plurality of test stations are sequentially distributed in each group of test needle bed mechanisms along the conveying direction of the conveying mechanism, and each test station corresponds to a PCBA single board to be tested. The lower needle bed is positioned below the conveying mechanism. The upper surface of the lower needle bed is provided with a plurality of pop-up limiting pins, and the limiting pins correspond to part of through holes selected as limiting holes in the PCBA single board to be tested at the testing station. The jacking air cylinder is arranged below the lower needle bed and is used for jacking up the lower needle bed. The upper needle bed is positioned above the conveying mechanism, a plurality of test probes are distributed on the lower surface of the upper needle bed, and the test probes correspond to the positions of test sites in the PCBA single board to be tested at the test station; the test probe is connected with the upper computer in a communication way.
The laser positioning assembly is positioned in the test machine tool and is used for detecting whether each PCBA single board reaches a preset test station or not by taking through holes at a certain or certain specific positions on the PCBA single board as positioning holes. And sending the detection result of the laser positioning component to an upper computer.
The upper computer is operated with a test software, and the following processes are sequentially and circularly executed in the operation process of the test software:
(1) And driving the conveying mechanism to operate, driving the rear stop assembly to operate, and executing stop action.
(2) Acquiring ID information of each PCBA single board scanned by the code scanning component, and sequentially filling the ID information into each test station; when the test station is full, the back stop assembly is driven to work, and stop action is executed.
(3) Judging whether each PCBA single board to be tested in the test machine is positioned at a preset test station or not by the detection signal of the laser positioning assembly:
if yes, the limiting pin is driven to pop up, and meanwhile, the jacking cylinder is driven to lift the lower needle bed.
Otherwise, giving out error alarm to PCBA single board with error position.
(4) After the jacking cylinder reaches a preset jacking height, the upper computer executes a test program, and obtains a feedback signal of the PCBA single board collected by the test probe in the program execution process, so as to evaluate the performance of the PCBA single board.
(5) After the test program is executed, the limiting pin, the jacking cylinder and the backstop stopping device are driven to reset. And sending each PCBA single board out of the test machine.
(6) After all PCBA single boards in the test machine leave the test machine, the front stop device is driven to reset, and the PCBA single boards input by the conveying mechanism are received again.
As a further improvement of the invention, in the test needle bed mechanism, the upper needle bed and the lower needle bed are replaceable parts; each set of upper and lower needle beds is suitable for one or several classes of PCBA veneer products. The invention designs the upper needle bed and the lower needle bed as replaceable parts, so that the test of different tasks can be executed on different PCBA single boards.
As a further improvement of the invention, in the PCBA single board testing process, when the PCBA single board type in each round of testing process is changed, the upper needle bed and the lower needle bed in the testing program, the laser positioning component and the testing needle bed mechanism in the upper computer are adjusted; and the spacing between the two side bars in the conveying mechanism is also adjusted to enable the spacing to be in accordance with the size of the PCBA single plate currently tested. So as to ensure that the deviation between the actual position of the PCBA single board and the horizontal position of a preset test station is less than +/-0.8 mm after the PCBA single board enters the test machine on the conveying mechanism.
As a further improvement of the invention, the front stop assembly and the rear stop assembly are both a group of ejector rod mechanisms, the two groups of ejector rod mechanisms are arranged below the conveying mechanism, and the ejector rod mechanisms comprise ejector rod groups and lifting cylinders; the lifting cylinder drives the ejector rod group to vertically lift or descend from a position between the two synchronous conveyor belts.
As a further improvement of the invention, the laser positioning component comprises a plurality of laser transmitters and laser receivers which correspond to each other in position, and the laser transmitters and the laser receivers are respectively arranged on the upper needle bed and the lower needle bed; and the mounting positions of the laser transmitter and the laser receiver correspond to the positions of through holes selected as positioning holes in the PCBA single board at each test position.
As a further improvement of the invention, the induction signals of the corresponding groups of laser positioning components at each test station are also used for counting the number value of PCBA single boards entering the test machine station, and the number value is used as a criterion for judging whether to drive the front stop component to execute stop action.
As a further improvement of the invention, the number of the selected positioning holes in each PCBA single board is not less than two, and each positioning hole corresponds to a group of laser transmitters and laser receivers. And any through hole in the PCBA single plate is not used as a positioning hole and a limiting hole at the same time.
As a further improvement of the invention, the bottom of the lower needle bed is provided with a supporting frame, and the jacking cylinder is positioned below the supporting frame. The jacking cylinder drives all parts of the lower needle bed to synchronously jack or descend through the supporting frame, and in the jacking process of the lower needle bed, the positioning error of the limiting pin on each PCBA single plate is less than +/-0.3 mm.
As a further improvement of the invention, the PCBA single board test system also comprises or is connected with a display; the display is used for displaying the state information of the equipment in the running process of the test software and the test result of each PCBA single board. The PCBA single board test system also comprises or is connected with an alarm. The alarm is used for sending out corresponding alarm signals when faults needing manual processing occur in the testing process.
As a further improvement of the invention, the PCBA single board testing system provided by the invention further comprises a sorting mechanism or interfaces with a sorting mechanism. The sorting mechanism is positioned on the conveying mechanism near one end of the outlet of the test machine; one side of the conveying mechanism, which is close to the position of the sorting mechanism, is also provided with a temporary storage assembly line. The upper computer gives different operation instructions to the sorting mechanism according to the test result of PCBA single boards at each test station, drives the sorting mechanism to send unqualified products to the temporary storage assembly line, and outputs the qualified products to the subsequent process along the conveying mechanism.
The technical scheme provided by the invention has the following beneficial effects:
1. the PCBA single board test system based on laser multipoint positioning can perform personalized function test on various PCBA single boards of different types, and is very suitable for electronic equipment manufacturers to perform function test on the PCBA single boards according to the product performance of the electronic equipment manufacturers, and the PCBA single board test system provided by the invention can greatly improve the test efficiency of electronic equipment manufacturers; the equipment installation cost and the labor cost of the test process are reduced.
2. The PCBA single board test system provided by the invention is subjected to simple component replacement and debugging. Different testing tasks can be executed for different types of PCBA single boards, and different functional tests can be executed for the same type of PCBA single boards. The method has good universality for different PCBA single boards, good customizing function for different testing tasks and high practical value.
3. The PCBA single board test system provided by the invention can automatically execute the test task, greatly reduces the intervention of operators in the test process, and has higher degree of automation. The system can also intelligently sort the tested PCBA single boards.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of a PCBA single board test system based on laser multipoint positioning in embodiment 1 of the invention;
FIG. 2 is an assembly schematic diagram of a test machine and a test needle bed mechanism in the PCBA single board test system in embodiment 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a plurality of functional components inside a testing machine in the PCBA single board testing system in embodiment 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the PCBA single board and the upper and lower needle beds in the PCBA single board test system of the embodiment 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a block diagram illustrating the connection between a host computer and other functional components according to embodiment 1 of the present invention;
fig. 6 is an assembly schematic diagram of a lower needle bed and a jacking cylinder in the PCBA single board test system of embodiment 1 of the present invention.
Marked in the figure as: 1. PCBA single board; 2. a conveying mechanism; 3. a test machine; 4. testing a needle bed mechanism; 5. a display; 6. a front stop assembly; 7. a code scanning assembly; 8. a rear stop assembly; 9. a laser positioning assembly; 10. an alarm; 11. positioning holes; 12. a limiting hole; 41. an upper needle bed; 42. a lower needle bed; 43. jacking the air cylinder; 100. an upper computer; 411. a test probe; 421. a limiting pin; 431. and (5) supporting frames.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the drawings and examples, in order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are for purposes of illustration only and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.
Example 1
The embodiment provides a PCBA single board testing system based on laser multipoint positioning, which can simultaneously complete personalized testing of a plurality of PCBA single boards 1 of the same type. Specifically, the testing process of the system on the PCBA single board 1 can be further subdivided into four working procedures of product input, positioning and clamping, power-on testing and classified output. Wherein one of the cores of the test procedure is positioned during the clamping procedure. In order to solve the problem of accurate positioning of the PCBA single board 1, the implementation skillfully utilizes the original plurality of through holes on the board body of the PCBA single board 1. Part of the through holes are selected as positioning holes 11 for accurately positioning the PCB, and other through holes are selected as limiting holes 12 for limiting the position of the PCB.
Specifically, as shown in fig. 1 and fig. 2, the PCBA single board testing system based on laser multi-point positioning provided in this embodiment is installed on a conveying mechanism 2, the conveying mechanism 2 is used for conveying a PCBA single board 1 to be tested, and the conveying mechanism 2 includes two synchronous conveyor belts and two side rails. The two synchronous conveyor belts are arranged in parallel along the horizontal plane and have a gap between them. The two side bars are respectively arranged at two sides of the two synchronous conveyor belts; the distance between the two side bars is adjustable.
In the test task of the embodiment, the PCBA single board 1 to be tested is automatically input into the test equipment through the conveying mechanism 2, and after the test task is completed in the test equipment, the conveying mechanism 2 sends the PCBA single board 1 to the conveying mechanism 2 for output. The conveying mechanism 2 of the embodiment is a special conveying belt designed according to the test task of the PCBA single board 1. The two synchronous conveyor belts in the conveying mechanism 2 are conveying belts, and the conveying belts are thin belts. Two sides of the PCBA single board 1 to be tested are respectively placed on two synchronous conveyor belts. The side bars at two sides of the synchronous conveyor belt are used for limiting the PCBA single board 1, so that the PCBA single board 1 is prevented from shifting in position in the conveying process. When the test tasks of the PCBA single boards 1 with different sizes are executed, only the distance between the two side bars needs to be adjusted. When the PCBA single board 1 enters the testing equipment, the setting of the side bar can perform primary control on the position of the PCBA single board 1, and the PCBA single board 1 is ensured to reach the preset position. In general, when the PCBA single board 1 arrives on the conveying mechanism 2, the direction, angle, etc. of the PCBA single board 1 are correctly placed, and the conveying mechanism 2 only needs to ensure that the PCBA single board 1 does not deviate excessively in the conveying process. The interval setting of the side bars is used for ensuring that the PCBA single board 1 enters a preset position according to a target angle, and preventing the PCBA single board 1 from shifting when entering the test equipment.
The PCBA single board testing system based on laser multi-point positioning provided in this embodiment includes a testing machine 3, a front stop component 6, a rear stop component 8, a code scanning component 7, a testing needle bed mechanism 4, a laser positioning component 9 and an upper computer 100.
Wherein, test board 3 installs in the middle section of conveying mechanism 2, sets up entry and export on the test board 3, and conveying mechanism 2 runs through test board 3 along entry and export. When the test machine 3 is used, the PCBA single board 1 performs the test task, the test machine 3 is formed by building components such as aluminum profiles or angle steel, and different functional components for performing the test task are arranged on the test machine. In order to improve the safety and the protection performance of the test machine table 3 in the operation process, the test machine table 3 can be provided with side plates, and the test machine table can be provided with openable door plates or transparent door plates at specific positions in consideration of observation and operation of a part of areas required by management staff.
As shown in fig. 3, the front stop assembly 6 is installed at the entrance of the test machine 3; the front stop assembly 6 is used for stopping or releasing the PCBA single board 1 on the conveying mechanism from entering the test machine table 3. The back stop assembly 8 is arranged at the outlet of the test machine table 3; the backstop stopping component 8 is used for stopping or releasing the PCBA single board 1 on the conveying mechanism from leaving the test machine table 3.
The front stop assembly 6 and the rear stop assembly 8 are a group of ejector rod mechanisms, the two groups of ejector rod mechanisms are arranged below the conveying mechanism 2, and each ejector rod mechanism comprises an ejector rod group and a lifting cylinder; the lifting cylinder drives the ejector rod group to vertically lift or descend from a position between the two synchronous conveyor belts. In this embodiment, the above-described ejector mechanism may be installed as the stop assembly in consideration of transportation of the PCBA veneer 1 by using a separate synchronous conveyor belt. The working principle of the stop assembly is relatively simple, when the PCBA single board 1 needs to be stopped at a specific position, the lifting cylinder lifts the ejector rod group from the lower part of the synchronous conveyor belt, and the front direction of the PCBA single board 1 is blocked by the ejector rod group, so that the PCBA single board 1 can only be stopped at the position. When the corresponding PCBA single board 1 needs to be released, the ejector rod group is only required to be reset and is reduced below the conveying surface of the synchronous conveyor belt.
The code scanning component 7 is positioned above the conveying mechanism 2, and the scanning position of the code scanning component 7 corresponds to one side of the stop component, which is close to the conveying mechanism 2. The code scanning component 7 is used for reading the ID information of each PCBA single board 1 when each PCBA single board 1 reaches the front stop component 6; the information read by the code scanning component 7 is sent to a host computer 100.
In the production and assembly process of the electronic device, in order to trace back the production and test information of each PCBA board 1, it is necessary to assign a dedicated ID number to each PCBA board 1 and add the ID information of the production process to the PCBA board 1 having the corresponding ID number. In the test process, the ID information is used for identifying and distinguishing different PCBA single boards 1. Before each PCB board enters the testing machine 3, the ID information of the PCBA board 1 is acquired, and after the testing is finished, the testing result of each board is further complemented and recorded into the ID information of the PCBA board 1. The ID number of each PCBA single board 1 is obtained by scanning the code, the corresponding bar code, two-dimensional code or other form of identification code is located on the surface of the PCBA single board 1, when the PCBA single board 1 passes, the scanning module 7 automatically reads the corresponding ID information. And generates the acquired ID information to the host computer 100.
The test needle bed mechanism 4 is installed in the test machine 3. The test needle bed mechanism 4 comprises an upper needle bed 41, a lower needle bed 42 and at least one jacking cylinder 43 which are oppositely arranged; a plurality of testing stations are distributed in each group of testing needle bed mechanisms 4 in sequence along the conveying direction of the conveying mechanism 2, and each testing station corresponds to one PCBA single board 1 to be tested. The lower needle bed 42 is located below the transport mechanism 2. The upper surface of the lower needle bed 42 is arranged with a plurality of pop-up limit pins 421, and the limit pins 421 correspond to the positions of partial through holes selected as limit holes 12 in the PCBA single board 1 to be tested at the test station. A jack cylinder 43 is installed below the lower needle bed 42, and the jack cylinder 43 is used to jack up the lower needle bed 42. The upper needle bed 41 is positioned above the conveying mechanism 2, a plurality of test probes 411 are distributed on the lower surface of the upper needle bed 41, and the test probes 411 correspond to the positions of test sites in the PCBA single board 1 to be tested at the test station; the test probe 411 is communicatively connected to the host computer 100.
As shown in fig. 4, the test needle bed mechanism 4 of the present embodiment is a mechanism for executing a test task by the PCBA single board 1. When the PCBA single board 1 reaches a preset position (namely, the position corresponding to each test station in the test needle bed), the specific test needle bed mechanism 4 clamps the PCBA single board 1 by lifting the lower needle, and after the PCBA single board 1 is clamped, the test probes 411 on the upper needle bed 41 can be tightly contacted with the test sites on the PCBA single board 1. At this time, after the test probe 411 is used to apply the test signal to the PCBA board 1, the actual performance of the PCBA board 1 can be determined by receiving the feedback signal of the PCBA board 1. In order to avoid the occurrence of a positional deviation of the PCBA single board 1 during the upward lifting process of the lower needle bed 42, which may further cause a poor contact between the test probe 411 and the test site, the present embodiment further provides a special pop-up stopper 421 on the lower needle bed 42. In a normal state, the limit pins 421 on the lower needle bed 42 are in a retracted state, and when each PCBA single board 1 reaches a preset position, the limit pins 421 are ejected and inserted into the corresponding limit holes 12 in the PCBA single board 1. At this time, the PCBA veneer 1 is locked by the limit pin 421 through the limit hole 12. Next, during the lifting of the lower needle bed 42 by the lifting cylinder 43, the PCBA veneer 1 is detached from the timing belt in the conveying mechanism 2. And because the position locking between the PCBA single board 1 and the lower needle bed 42 is completed, the PCBA single board 1 will not shift in any horizontal direction on the surface of the lower needle bed 42. Ensuring accurate and stable physical contact of the test probes 411 and the PCBA board 1.
The laser positioning assembly 9 is located in the testing machine tool, and the laser positioning assembly 9 is used for detecting whether each PCBA single board 1 reaches a predetermined testing station or not by taking through holes at a certain or certain specific positions on the PCBA single board 1 as positioning holes 11. As shown in fig. 5, the detection result of the laser positioning unit 9 is sent to the host computer 100.
Before the test needle bed mechanism 4 clamps the PCBA veneers 1, it is necessary to ensure that each PCBA veneer 1 has exactly reached the corresponding test station. In this embodiment, the accurate position of the PCBA single board 1 is determined by the laser positioning component 9. The laser positioning assembly 9 comprises a plurality of laser transmitters and laser receivers which correspond to each other in position, and the laser transmitters and the laser receivers are respectively arranged on the upper needle bed 41 and the lower needle bed 42; and the mounting positions of the laser transmitter and the laser receiver correspond to the positions of the through holes selected as the positioning holes 11 in the PCBA veneer 1 at the respective test positions. The laser positioning assembly 9 belongs to a laser correlation assembly, correlation analysis of laser is along the vertical direction, and when a certain PCBA single board 1 reaches a preset position, laser generated by a laser transmitter just passes through a positioning hole 11 on the PCBA single board 1 and is received by a laser receiver. If the laser receiver cannot accurately receive the corresponding signal, the PCBA single board 1 is judged to not reach the preset position.
The host computer 100 in this embodiment is a control module of the whole PCBA single board testing system, and the main task of the host computer 100 includes two parts, namely, sending the PCBA single board 1 to be tested to the testing machine 3, completing position adjustment and clamping, and outputting the PCBA single board 1 to the outside of the testing machine 3 after the testing is finished. Secondly, after the physical contact (connection) between the PCBA board 1 and the test probe 411 is completed, different test signals are input to the PCBA board 1 according to the test program, and feedback information of the PCBA board 1 is received, thereby completing the performance test process.
The specific upper computer 100 runs a test software, and the following processes are sequentially and circularly executed in the running process of the test software:
1. the conveying mechanism 2 is driven to operate, the rear stop assembly 8 is driven to operate, and the stop action is executed.
2. Acquiring ID information of each PCBA single board 1 scanned by the scanning component 7, and sequentially filling the ID information into each test station; when the test station is full, the rear stop assembly 8 is driven to work, and stop action is executed.
3. Judging whether each PCBA single board 1 to be tested in the test machine 3 is at a preset test station or not by the detection signal of the laser positioning assembly 9:
(1) The stopper 421 is driven to pop up while the lift cylinder 43 is driven to lift the lower needle bed 42.
(2) Otherwise, giving out error alarm to PCBA single board 1 with error position.
4. After the jacking cylinder 43 reaches a predetermined jacking height, the upper computer 100 executes a test program, and obtains a feedback signal of the PCBA single board 1 collected by the test probe 411 during the program execution process, so as to evaluate the performance of the PCBA single board 1.
5. After the test procedure is completed, the limiting pin 421, the jacking cylinder 43 and the backstop stopping device are driven to reset. And sending each PCBA single board 1 out of the test machine 3.
6. After all PCBA single boards 1 in the test machine table 3 leave the test machine table 3, the front stop device is driven to reset, and the PCBA single boards 1 input by the conveying mechanism 2 are received again.
In the present embodiment, in the test needle bed mechanism 4, both the upper needle bed 41 and the lower needle bed 42 are exchangeable components; each set of upper needle bed 41 and lower needle bed 42 is suitable for one or several types of PCBA veneer 1 products. The PCBA single board testing system provided by the embodiment supports testing of PCBA single board 1 products of different models. During testing, each set of upper 41 and lower 42 needle beds is fitted with one or a series of PCBA veneers 1. When it is necessary to test other series of PCBA single board 1 products, it is necessary to replace the upper needle bed 41 and the lower needle bed 42.
In the PCBA single board 1 testing process, when the PCBA single board 1 type in each testing process is changed, the upper needle bed 41 and the lower needle bed 42 in the testing program, the laser positioning component 9 and the testing needle bed mechanism 4 in the upper computer 100 are adjusted; the spacing between the two side bars in the conveying mechanism 2 is also adjusted to enable the spacing to conform to the size of the PCBA single board 1 currently tested. So as to ensure that the deviation between the actual position of the PCBA single board 1 and the horizontal position of a preset test station is less than +/-0.8 mm after the PCBA single board 1 enters the test machine table 3 on the conveying mechanism 2.
In this embodiment, the sensing signals of the corresponding groups of laser transmitters at each test station are also used to count the number of PCBA veneers 1 entering the test machine 3, and the number is used as a criterion for whether to drive the front stop assembly 6 to execute stop action. In this embodiment, the rear stop device performs a stop action when each test task starts, and automatically resets when the test task is completed. The timing of the state adjustment of the rear shift stop is therefore relatively clear. For the front stop device, the front stop device resets when each round of test task starts, releases the PCBA single board 1 into the test machine 3, and executes stop action when the test station in the test machine 3 is full. In this embodiment, taking five test stations in each test task as an example, it is determined that the test stations in the test machine 3 are full during each test task, and two ways of controlling the number of PCBA boards 1 entering into the test machine 3 may be adopted:
and (one) when the code scanning component 7 scans codes, the front stop device is lifted after five PCB single boards are scanned for code recognition.
And (II) detecting whether the PCBA single board 1 enters through the laser positioning assembly 9 closest to the inlet of the test machine table 3, counting once every entering until five PCBA single boards 1 are detected to arrive, and lifting the front stop device. The two criteria can be used selectively according to specific working conditions of different production lines, and can be comprehensively considered to judge and control the action of the front stop device.
In this embodiment, the number of the selected positioning holes 11 in each PCBA single board 1 is not less than two, and each positioning hole 11 corresponds to a group of laser transmitters and laser receivers. And any through hole in the PCBA single board 1 is not used as the positioning hole 11 and the limiting hole 12 at the same time. Considering that the PCBA single board 1 in this embodiment is limited by the side rail in the conveying mechanism 2 when conveyed to the test machine 3, the PCBA single board 1 will not turn over or rotate horizontally, so that at least two points need to be collected to be positioned accurately. Meanwhile, in order to keep accurate limit of the PCBA board 1, the number of the limit holes 12 and the limit pins 421 is generally not less than three. The functions of the positioning hole 11 and the limiting hole 12 are different and need to be implemented depending on other components, so in principle, one through hole is not used as the positioning hole 11 and the limiting hole 12 at the same time in the present embodiment, so that mutual interference is avoided.
In this embodiment, as shown in fig. 6, a supporting frame 431 is provided at the bottom of the lower needle bed 42, and the lifting cylinder 43 is located below the supporting frame 431. The stopper 421 is mounted on the support frame 431, and the lower needle bed 42 and the support frame 431 are connected by an elastic member. The lower needle bed 42 and the support frame 431 have a gap in a natural state, and the stopper pin 421 is located inside the lower needle bed 42. When the lifting cylinder 43 lifts the lower needle bed 42 upward, the elastic member is compressed, and the stopper 421 is ejected from the lower needle bed 42 and inserted into the stopper hole 12 of the PCBA veneer 1. When the lift cylinder 43 is reset, the stopper pins 421 retract back into the lower needle bed 42. Wherein, the jacking cylinder 43 drives each part of the lower needle bed 42 to synchronously jack up or descend through the supporting frame 431, and in the jacking process of the lower needle bed 42, the positioning error of the limiting pin 421 to each PCBA single plate 1 is less than +/-0.3 mm.
In this embodiment, the PCBA board testing system is further connected with a display 5; the display 5 is used for displaying the state information of the equipment in the running process of the test software and the test result of each PCBA single board 1. In the running process of the PCBA single board test system, a manager can intuitively know the test progress and the test result of each PCBA single board 1 through the display 5, and meanwhile, can also inquire historical data, so that the working process of the PCBA single board test system is convenient to manage.
The PCBA board testing system also includes an alarm 10. The alarm 10 is used for sending out corresponding alarm signals when faults requiring manual processing occur in the testing process. In this embodiment, when an error occurs in the positioning process of the PCBA single board 1 in the test machine 3, such as a lamination or a press plate failure, manual processing is required. At this time, in order to allow the operator to know and handle the fault state in time, a corresponding alarm 10 may be provided. When the alarm 10 gives an alarm, all components and mechanisms in the PCBA single board 1 stop running, the operation is waited for the operator to remove the fault, and after the operator manually removes the alarm after the fault is removed, the equipment can resume running again after the alarm is removed.
In this embodiment, the PCBA single board testing system provided by the invention further comprises a sorting mechanism. The sorting mechanism is positioned on the conveying mechanism 2 near one end of the outlet of the test machine table 3; one side of the conveying mechanism 2, which is close to the position of the sorting mechanism, is also provided with a temporary storage assembly line. The upper computer 100 gives different operation instructions to the sorting mechanism according to the test result of the PCBA single board 1 at each test station, drives the sorting mechanism to send unqualified products to the temporary storage assembly line, and outputs the qualified products to the subsequent process along the conveying mechanism 2.
In order to make the working principle and the equipment performance of the PCBA single board testing system provided by the present embodiment clearer, the whole process of executing the testing task in combination with the testing system is described further below by taking a five-station testing system (i.e. five testing stations are provided in the system, and the testing tasks of five PCBA single boards 1 are synchronously completed each time) as an example.
After the front-end production line task is completed, each PCB is accurately placed on the conveyor 2. In the initial state, the conveying mechanism 2 automatically operates, and the front gear stopping device and the rear gear stopping device are all in non-gear stopping devices. The conveying mechanism 2 sequentially conveys the PCBA single boards 1 into the testing machine 3 along the inlet of the testing machine 3, and when the first PCBA single board 1 approaches to the front stop device and is identified by the code scanning component 7, the ID information of the PCBA single board is uploaded to the upper computer 100 and is filled in the corresponding testing station. At the same time, the stopping device is lifted immediately, and the stopping action is executed. When the first PCBA board 1 is stopped by the stopping device, it is located exactly at the first test station. Then the second PCB board is immediately entered into the testing machine 3 and blocked by the first PCB a board 1, stays at the second testing station, and so on until all five testing stations on the testing station are full. When the fifth PCBA single board 1 passes over the front gear stopping device, the front gear stopping device is lifted, and the gear stopping action is executed.
At this time, there are exactly five PCBA veneers 1 in the test machine 3, and each PCBA veneer 1 is located at each test station, when each PCBA veneer 1 enters the test station, the laser positioning component 9 will determine whether there is a PCBA veneer 1 through one of the positioning holes 11 at each test station, and after determining that there is a PCBA veneer 1, it verifies whether the PCBA veneer 1 is located at the correct position of the test station through another positioning hole 11, if yes, then the next action is executed, otherwise, an alarm is sent to the manager to remind the manager to process in time, and adjust each PCBA veneer 1 to the predetermined position. In general, each PCBA board 1 can accurately stay at a preset position, and faults only occur when accidents or abnormal functions of system components occur, so that the probability of faults needing to be manually handled is very small.
When each PCBA single board 1 is positioned at the preset position by the positioning component, the upper computer 100 controls the stop pins 421 on the lower needle bed 42 to pop up, and the stop pins 421 are inserted into the through holes of the PCBA single board 1, which are selected as the stop holes 12. At this time, the positional relationship between each PCBA board 1 and the lower needle board is locked. Then, the upper computer 100 drives the lifting cylinder 43 to lift the lower needle bed 42, the lower needle bed 42 lifts the PCBA single board 1 off the conveying mechanism 2 and is close to the upper needle bed 41, and the upper needle bed 41 applies pressure to the PCBA single board 1 from above, so that the PCBA single board 1 is in close contact with the test probes 411 on the upper needle bed 41.
After the jacking cylinder 43 reaches the preset height, the upper computer 100 firstly sends out test signals to different test sites in the PCBA single board 1 through the test probes 411, and determines whether the test probes 411 at the test sites are normally connected. After confirming that there is no error, the upper computer 100 executes a corresponding test program to detect the performance of the PCBA board 1, and records the test result into the ID information acquired in advance.
In the test task of the PCBA single board 1, the lifting cylinder 43 lowers the lower needle bed 42, resets the limit pin 421, and restores the backstop stopping device below the conveying track, and the conveying mechanism 2 sends the PCBA single board 1 after the test out from the outlet of the test machine 3. And simultaneously, a new batch of PCBA single boards 1 to be tested are received from the inlet of the test machine 3, and the same test flow is executed.
After the PCBA single board 1 which completes the test task flows out from the outlet of the test machine 3, the PCBA single board 1 passes through the sorting machine, and the sorting machine receives the test result sent by the upper computer 100 and sorts different PCBA single boards 1. The PCBA single board 1 that is qualified for testing is sent to the production line of the later stage by the conveying mechanism 2, and the PCBA single board 1 that is unqualified for testing is sent to another temporary storage production line by the sorting mechanism to wait for the subsequent scrapping or maintenance treatment.
The sorting mechanism in the specific implementation can adopt manual sorting, the PCBA single board testing system indicates the testing result of each electric energy meter through corresponding components such as a display 5 or an indicator lamp, and then operators select unqualified PCBA single boards 1 according to the indicating result. Of course, in other production lines, sorting may also be accomplished automatically by a robotic arm or robot. Or an electric push rod is arranged on the conveying track as an executing component, so that the unqualified PCBA single board 1 is pushed away from the conveying mechanism 2 and falls onto a temporary storage assembly line.
The foregoing description of the preferred embodiments of the invention is not intended to be limiting, but rather is intended to cover all modifications, equivalents, and alternatives falling within the spirit and principles of the invention.
Claims (10)
1. PCBA veneer test system based on laser multiple spot location all includes a plurality of through-holes in every PCBA veneer that waits to test, its characterized in that:
the PCBA single board testing system is arranged on a conveying mechanism, the conveying mechanism is used for conveying PCBA single boards to be tested, and the conveying mechanism comprises two synchronous conveyor belts and two side bars; the two synchronous conveyor belts are arranged in parallel along a horizontal plane and have a gap therebetween; the two side bars are respectively arranged at two sides of the two synchronous conveyor belts; the distance between the two side bars is adjustable;
the PCBA single board test system comprises:
the test machine table is arranged at the middle section of the conveying mechanism, an inlet and an outlet are arranged on the test machine table, and the conveying mechanism penetrates through the test machine table along the inlet and the outlet;
the front stop assembly is arranged at the inlet of the test machine; the front stop assembly is used for stopping or releasing the PCBA single board on the conveying mechanism from entering the test machine;
the back stop assembly is arranged at the outlet of the test machine; the back stop assembly is used for stopping or releasing the PCBA single board on the conveying mechanism from leaving the test machine;
the code scanning assembly is positioned above the conveying mechanism, and the scanning position of the code scanning assembly corresponds to one side, close to the conveying mechanism, of the stop assembly; the code scanning component is used for reading the ID information of each PCBA single board when the PCBA single board reaches the front stop component; the information read by the code scanning component is sent to an upper computer;
the test needle bed mechanism is arranged in the test machine table; the test needle bed mechanism comprises an upper needle bed, a lower needle bed and at least one jacking cylinder which are oppositely arranged; a plurality of test stations are sequentially distributed in each group of the test needle bed mechanisms along the conveying direction of the conveying mechanism, and each test station corresponds to a PCBA single board to be tested; the lower needle bed is positioned below the conveying mechanism; the upper surface of the lower needle bed is provided with a plurality of pop-up limiting pins, and the limiting pins correspond to part of through holes selected as limiting holes in the PCBA single board to be tested at the testing station; the jacking air cylinder is arranged below the lower needle bed and is used for jacking up the lower needle bed; the upper needle bed is positioned above the conveying mechanism, a plurality of test probes are distributed on the lower surface of the upper needle bed, and the test probes correspond to the positions of test sites in a PCB veneer to be tested at the test station; the test probe is in communication connection with the upper computer;
the laser positioning assembly is positioned in the test machine tool and is used for detecting whether the PCBA single board reaches a preset test station or not through a through hole at a certain or certain specific positions on the PCBA single board as a positioning hole; the detection result of the laser positioning component is sent to the upper computer; and the upper computer runs a test software, and sequentially and circularly executes the following processes in the running process of the test software: (1) Driving the conveying mechanism to operate, driving the rear stop assembly to operate, and executing stop action; (2) Acquiring ID information of each PCBA single board scanned by the code scanning component, and sequentially filling the ID information into each test station; when the test station is filled, driving the rear stop assembly to work, and executing stop action; (3) Obtaining detection signals of the laser positioning assembly, and judging whether each PCBA single board to be tested in the test machine is at a preset test station or not: if yes, driving the limiting pin to pop up, and simultaneously driving the jacking cylinder to lift the lower needle bed; otherwise, giving out an error alarm to the PCBA single board with the position error; (4) After the jacking cylinder reaches a preset jacking height, the upper computer executes a test program, and obtains a feedback signal of the PCBA single board collected by the test probe in the process of executing the program, so as to evaluate the performance of the PCBA single board; (5) After the test program is executed, driving the limiting pin, the jacking cylinder and the backstop stopping device to reset; sending each PCBA single board out of the test machine; (6) After all PCBA single boards in the test machine leave the test machine, the front stop device is driven to reset, and the PCBA single boards input by the conveying mechanism are received again.
2. A PCBA single board test system based on laser multipoint positioning as recited in claim 1, wherein: in the test needle bed mechanism, the upper needle bed and the lower needle bed are replaceable parts; each set of upper and lower needle beds is adapted for one or several types of PCBA veneers.
3. A PCBA single board test system based on laser multipoint positioning as claimed in claim 2, wherein: in the PCBA single board testing process, when the PCBA single board type in each round of testing process is changed, the upper needle bed and the lower needle bed in the testing program, the laser positioning component and the testing needle bed mechanism in the upper computer are adjusted; and the distance between the two side bars in the conveying mechanism is adjusted to enable the distance to be in accordance with the size of the PCBA single board currently tested, so that the deviation between the actual position of the PCBA single board and the horizontal position of a preset testing station is less than +/-0.8 mm after the PCBA single board enters the testing machine on the conveying mechanism.
4. A PCBA single board test system based on laser multipoint positioning according to claim 3, wherein: the front stop assembly and the rear stop assembly are respectively a group of ejector rod mechanisms, the two groups of ejector rod mechanisms are respectively arranged below the conveying mechanism, and the ejector rod mechanisms comprise ejector rod groups and lifting cylinders; the lifting cylinder drives the ejector rod group to vertically lift or descend from a position between the two synchronous conveyor belts.
5. A PCBA single board test system based on laser multipoint positioning as recited in claim 1, wherein: the laser positioning component comprises a plurality of laser transmitters and laser receivers which correspond to each other in position, and the laser transmitters and the laser receivers are respectively arranged on the upper needle bed and the lower needle bed; and the mounting positions of the laser transmitter and the laser receiver correspond to the positions of through holes selected as positioning holes in the PCBA single board at each test position.
6. The PCBA single board test system based on laser multipoint positioning according to claim 5, wherein: the number of the selected positioning holes in each PCBA single plate is not less than two, and each positioning hole corresponds to a group of laser transmitters and laser receivers; and any through hole in the PCBA single plate is not used as a positioning hole and a limiting hole at the same time.
7. A PCBA single board test system based on laser multipoint positioning as recited in claim 1, wherein: the sensing signals of the corresponding laser positioning assemblies at the test stations are also used for counting the number value of PCBA single boards entering the test stations, and the number value is used as a criterion for judging whether the front stop assembly is driven to execute stop actions.
8. A PCBA single board test system based on laser multipoint positioning as recited in claim 1, wherein: the bottom of the lower needle bed is provided with a supporting frame, and the jacking cylinder is positioned below the supporting frame; the lifting cylinder drives all parts of the lower needle bed to synchronously lift or descend through the supporting frame, and in the lifting process of the lower needle bed, the positioning error of the limiting pin on each PCBA single plate is smaller than +/-0.3 mm.
9. A PCBA single board test system based on laser multipoint positioning as defined in claim 8, wherein: the PCBA single board test system also comprises or is connected with a display; the display is used for displaying the state information of the equipment in the running process of the test software and the test result of each PCBA single board; the PCBA single board test system also comprises or is connected with an alarm; the alarm is used for sending out corresponding alarm signals when faults needing manual processing occur in the testing process.
10. A PCBA single board test system based on laser multipoint positioning as recited in claim 1, wherein: the PCBA single board testing system also comprises or is in butt joint with a sorting mechanism; the sorting mechanism is positioned on the conveying mechanism close to one end of the outlet of the test machine; a temporary storage assembly line is further arranged on one side, close to the sorting mechanism, of the conveying mechanism; and the upper computer issues different operation instructions to the sorting mechanism according to the test result of the PCBA single board at each test station, drives the sorting mechanism to send unqualified products to a temporary storage assembly line, and outputs the qualified products to a subsequent process along the conveying mechanism.
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| CN114367752A (en) * | 2022-01-26 | 2022-04-19 | 广东电网有限责任公司广州供电局 | Laser scrapping disposal device for return transportation electric energy meter |
| CN114559164A (en) * | 2022-02-10 | 2022-05-31 | 江苏龙恒新能源有限公司 | Solar cell back laser grooving device |
| CN114535119A (en) * | 2022-03-04 | 2022-05-27 | 苏州华兴源创科技股份有限公司 | Circulation detection equipment |
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