CN113833585B - Argon circulation zero-emission internal combustion engine structure based on in-cylinder steam assistance - Google Patents
Argon circulation zero-emission internal combustion engine structure based on in-cylinder steam assistance Download PDFInfo
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- CN113833585B CN113833585B CN202110400341.8A CN202110400341A CN113833585B CN 113833585 B CN113833585 B CN 113833585B CN 202110400341 A CN202110400341 A CN 202110400341A CN 113833585 B CN113833585 B CN 113833585B
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- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 132
- XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Argon Chemical compound [Ar] XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 108
- 229910052786 argon Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 54
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 275
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 50
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 50
- 238000004880 explosion Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 19
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000009833 condensation Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000005494 condensation Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000007800 oxidant agent Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000001590 oxidative effect Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000005457 optimization Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 53
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 13
- MWUXSHHQAYIFBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrogen oxide Inorganic materials O=[N] MWUXSHHQAYIFBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 5
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000007710 freezing Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000008014 freezing Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000284 extract Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000008215 water for injection Substances 0.000 description 3
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000002411 adverse Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000004075 alteration Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000012300 argon atmosphere Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000012298 atmosphere Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000000451 chemical ionisation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000011217 control strategy Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000010354 integration Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000003595 mist Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009835 boiling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003763 carbonization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001276 controlling effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000295 fuel oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000004435 hydrogen atom Chemical group [H]* 0.000 description 1
- 230000002401 inhibitory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010705 motor oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006386 neutralization reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009469 supplementation Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
- F02M25/00—Engine-pertinent apparatus for adding non-fuel substances or small quantities of secondary fuel to combustion-air, main fuel or fuel-air mixture
- F02M25/022—Adding fuel and water emulsion, water or steam
- F02M25/025—Adding water
- F02M25/03—Adding water into the cylinder or the pre-combustion chamber
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
- F02B43/00—Engines characterised by operating on gaseous fuels; Plants including such engines
- F02B43/10—Engines or plants characterised by use of other specific gases, e.g. acetylene, oxyhydrogen
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
- F02M25/00—Engine-pertinent apparatus for adding non-fuel substances or small quantities of secondary fuel to combustion-air, main fuel or fuel-air mixture
- F02M25/022—Adding fuel and water emulsion, water or steam
- F02M25/0221—Details of the water supply system, e.g. pumps or arrangement of valves
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
- F02M25/00—Engine-pertinent apparatus for adding non-fuel substances or small quantities of secondary fuel to combustion-air, main fuel or fuel-air mixture
- F02M25/022—Adding fuel and water emulsion, water or steam
- F02M25/0227—Control aspects; Arrangement of sensors; Diagnostics; Actuators
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/10—Internal combustion engine [ICE] based vehicles
- Y02T10/30—Use of alternative fuels, e.g. biofuels
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Public Health (AREA)
- Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
- Output Control And Ontrol Of Special Type Engine (AREA)
- Combined Controls Of Internal Combustion Engines (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides an argon circulation zero-emission internal combustion engine structure based on in-cylinder steam assistance. The internal combustion engine structure comprises an argon circulation internal combustion engine body, a water injection system and a control system. The water injection system comprises a high-pressure water pump, a heat exchanger, a high-pressure water common rail and a high-temperature water nozzle in a cylinder which are connected in sequence. The control system comprises an ion current signal processing device, a high-voltage ion current power supply device, an in-cylinder ion current sensor and a closed-loop controller. The closed-loop controller adjusts the in-cylinder water injection strategy according to the current working state of the internal combustion engine and the in-cylinder explosion characteristic signal. The internal combustion engine structure accurately adjusts the injection pulse width and injection time of the high temperature water nozzle in the cylinder, realizes the most efficient and optimized in-cylinder knock control, and simultaneously realizes the optimization of in-cylinder combustion and the improvement of the performance of the internal combustion engine.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of internal combustion engines, in particular to the related field of realizing zero emission of an internal combustion engine by adopting steam-assisted argon circulation.
Background
The traditional internal combustion engine adopts air as working medium, nitrogen can inevitably react with oxygen to generate nitrogen oxides in the combustion process, and the nitrogen oxides are processed in or out of the cylinder, so that various problems such as efficiency reduction, cost improvement, complex system and the like can be caused. The traditional internal combustion engine water injection technology is divided into an air inlet channel water injection technology and an in-cylinder water injection technology, and the common characteristics of the technology are that the in-cylinder water is injected, the in-cylinder internal heat atmosphere is regulated and controlled based on evaporation and heat absorption of water mist in the cylinder, so that the knocking tendency is reduced, the technology has the potential of avoiding heavy load fuel oil enrichment, and the problems that the in-cylinder water mist is emulsified with engine oil of a cylinder wall, flame propagation speed is influenced and the like still exist.
In addition, along with the proposal of the energy-saving and new energy automobile technology roadmap 2.0, the low carbonization is explicitly pointed out as an important development trend and an upgrading direction of the global automobile technology in the future, and the total emission of automobile industry parameters in China reaches a peak value in about 2028 in advance before the national carbon emission.
Therefore, aiming at the current strict carbon emission requirements, the optimization of the carbon emission problem of the existing internal combustion engine is needed to realize the purpose of zero carbon emission.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide an argon circulation zero-emission internal combustion engine structure based on in-cylinder steam assistance so as to solve the problems in the prior art.
The technical scheme adopted for achieving the purpose of the invention is that the argon circulation zero-emission internal combustion engine structure based on in-cylinder steam assistance comprises an argon circulation internal combustion engine body, a water injection system and a control system.
The water injection system comprises a high-pressure water pump, a heat exchanger, a high-pressure water common rail and a high-temperature water nozzle in a cylinder which are connected in sequence. And a water temperature balance pipeline is connected between the outlet and the inlet of the heat exchanger. The water temperature balance pipeline is provided with a water temperature balance valve. And a temperature sensor is arranged on a pipeline between the high-pressure water common rail and the heat exchanger. The in-cylinder high-temperature water nozzle is installed in a combustion chamber of an internal combustion engine body. The injection water is pressurized and heated by a high-pressure water pump and a heat exchanger and then accumulated in a common rail cavity of the high-pressure water common rail. After the pressure fluctuation in the water for injection is eliminated by the high-pressure water common rail, the water for injection is conveyed to a high-temperature water nozzle in the cylinder.
The control system comprises an ion current signal processing device, a high-voltage ion current power supply device, an in-cylinder ion current sensor and a closed-loop controller. The in-cylinder ion current sensor is installed in the combustion chamber. The high voltage ion current supply device applies a voltage to a cylinder block and a combustion chamber of an internal combustion engine body. The in-cylinder ion current sensor detects an in-cylinder ion current signal and transmits the in-cylinder ion current signal to the ion current signal processing device. The ion current signal processing device performs signal processing on the in-cylinder ion current signal, and extracts an in-cylinder explosion characteristic signal. The ion current signal processing device, the high-temperature water nozzle in the cylinder, the high-pressure water common rail, the temperature sensor, the water temperature balance valve, the heat exchanger and the high-pressure water pump are all connected with the closed-loop controller.
When the engine works, hydrogen is used as fuel of the internal combustion engine, oxygen is used as oxidant to participate in combustion, and argon is used as a medium for pushing the piston. The high-temperature water nozzle in the cylinder sprays high-temperature water into the combustion chamber, thereby increasing the quality of working medium and improving the thermal efficiency of the internal combustion engine. The closed-loop controller adjusts the in-cylinder water injection strategy according to the current working state of the internal combustion engine and the in-cylinder explosion characteristic signal.
Further, a condenser is also included. And the high-temperature tail gas enters a condenser through an exhaust manifold to be condensed and separated. The separated argon gas is introduced into an air inlet manifold, and the separated liquid water is introduced into a water injection system.
Further, the water spray system further includes a water tank. The normal pressure spraying water is stored in the water tank.
Further, the water tank maintains the temperature of water using a high temperature heat source generated during the operation of the internal combustion engine.
Further, the high-voltage ion current power supply device, the ion current signal processing device and the closed-loop controller are powered by a vehicle-mounted storage battery.
Further, the operating state of the internal combustion engine is provided by a crankshaft sensor, a camshaft sensor, an intake pressure temperature sensor, and/or an original machine controller.
Furthermore, the pipeline adopts a heat-insulating pressure-resistant stainless steel pipe or hose.
Further, when the difference between the maximum characteristic value of the in-cylinder knock and the lower threshold value is greater than zero, the in-cylinder high-temperature water nozzle injects high-temperature water into the combustion chamber.
The present invention also discloses a method for operating the above-described internal combustion engine structure, the in-cylinder high-temperature water nozzle injecting water stored in the high-pressure water common rail into the combustion chamber. The closed-loop controller controls the water temperature balance valve to regulate the output temperature of the high-pressure water in real time and regulate the output flow of the high-pressure water pump in real time according to the target rail pressure and the target water temperature requirement. The controller adjusts the injection time and the injection pulse width of the high-temperature water nozzle in real time according to the working state of the internal combustion engine.
The invention also discloses a vehicle system comprising the internal combustion engine structure according to any one of the above.
The technical effects of the invention are undoubted:
A. the closed-loop controller accurately adjusts the injection pulse width and injection time of the high-temperature water nozzle in the cylinder, so that the most efficient and optimal in-cylinder knock control is realized, and the in-cylinder combustion is realized to optimally improve the performance of the internal combustion engine;
B. the efficient zero-emission internal combustion power concept is realized through the argon circulation engine, the thermal efficiency and the stability of the system are improved through the in-cylinder steam auxiliary technology, and the aims of zero emission and high efficiency of the internal combustion engine in the future can be met.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of an internal combustion engine;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of an argon cycle internal combustion engine block.
In the figure: the device comprises an ion current signal processing device 1, a high-pressure ion current power supply device 2, an air inlet manifold 3, an in-cylinder ion current sensor 4, an argon circulation internal combustion engine body 5, a cylinder body 501, a piston 502, a combustion chamber 503, an in-cylinder high-temperature water nozzle 6, a high-pressure water common rail 7, a temperature sensor 8, a water temperature balance valve 9, a heat exchanger 10, an exhaust manifold 11, a high-pressure water pump 12, a water tank liquid level and temperature sensor 13, a water tank heating control valve 14, a high-temperature water pipe 15, a water tank 16, a condenser 17 and a closed loop controller 18.
Detailed Description
The present invention is further described below with reference to examples, but it should not be construed that the scope of the above subject matter of the present invention is limited to the following examples. Various substitutions and alterations are made according to the ordinary skill and familiar means of the art without departing from the technical spirit of the invention, and all such substitutions and alterations are intended to be included in the scope of the invention.
Example 1:
referring to fig. 1, in order to realize the technology of an argon-circulation internal combustion engine with zero emission, higher system thermal efficiency, more stable operation and higher control precision, the embodiment provides an argon-circulation zero-emission internal combustion engine structure based on in-cylinder steam assistance, which comprises an argon-circulation internal combustion engine body 5, a water injection system, a control system, a water tank 16 and a condenser 17.
Referring to fig. 2, the argon cycle internal combustion engine body 5 includes a cylinder block 501, a cylinder head, a crankshaft, a connecting rod, a piston 502, and a combustion chamber 503. The upper end opening of the cylinder body 501 is sealed by a cylinder cover. The crankshaft and connecting rod reciprocate a piston 502 within a cylinder block 501. The cylinder head, cylinder block 501 and piston 502 enclose a combustion chamber 503. An air inlet and an air outlet are provided on the side wall of the cylinder block 501. The air inlet and the air outlet communicate the combustion chamber 503 with the external environment. The intake port is provided with an intake manifold 3. The air outlet is provided with an exhaust manifold 11. The fuel for the internal combustion engine is hydrogen. Oxygen is used as an oxidant to participate in combustion. Argon acts as a medium for pushing the piston.
The water injection system comprises a water tank 16, a high-pressure water pump 12, a heat exchanger 10, a high-pressure water common rail 7 and an in-cylinder high-temperature water nozzle 6 which are connected in sequence. The normal pressure water for injection is stored in the water tank 16. A water temperature balance pipeline is connected between the outlet and the inlet of the heat exchanger 10. The water temperature balance pipeline is provided with a water temperature balance valve 9. A temperature sensor 8 is arranged on a pipeline between the high-pressure water common rail 7 and the heat exchanger 10. The in-cylinder high-temperature water nozzle 6 is installed in the combustion chamber 503 of the engine body 5. The normal pressure injection water is pressurized and heated to a required pressure and temperature by a high pressure water pump 12 and a heat exchanger 10, and then accumulated in a common rail cavity of the high pressure water common rail 7. The high-pressure water common rail 7 eliminates pressure fluctuation in the injection water and then delivers the injection water to the in-cylinder high-temperature water nozzle 6. The in-cylinder high-temperature water nozzle 6 injects high-temperature water into the combustion chamber 503.
The control system comprises an ion current signal processing device 1, a high-voltage ion current power supply device 2, an in-cylinder ion current sensor 4 and a closed-loop controller 18. The ion current signal processing device 1, the high-temperature water nozzle 6 in the cylinder, the high-pressure water common rail 7, the temperature sensor 8, the water temperature balance valve 9, the heat exchanger 10 and the high-pressure water pump 12 are all connected with the closed-loop controller 18.
The in-cylinder ion current sensor 4 is installed in the combustion chamber 503. The high-voltage ion current power supply device 2 applies a direct-current voltage of 50 to 300V to the cylinder block 501 and the combustion chamber 503 of the internal combustion engine body 5. In the combustion process, the combustible gas mixture can generate chemical ionization and thermal ionization reaction, and generated ions directionally flow in a detection circuit to form weak current. The in-cylinder ion current sensor 4 detects an in-cylinder ion current signal and transmits it to the ion current signal processing device 1. The ion current signal processing device 1 performs signal processing such as filtering, amplifying, digital-to-analog conversion, integration, maximum eigenvalue extraction and the like on the monitored ion current signal, extracts in-cylinder explosion information, and communicates with the closed-loop controller 18 through a CAN communication protocol, so as to provide a feedback signal for the closed-loop controller 18 to control the injection strategy of the in-cylinder high-temperature water nozzle 6, and realize real-time closed-loop control of in-cylinder explosion. When the difference between the maximum characteristic value of the in-cylinder knock and the lower threshold value is greater than zero, the in-cylinder high-temperature water nozzle 6 injects high-temperature water into the combustion chamber 503. The closed loop controller 18 adjusts the in-cylinder water injection strategy based on the current engine operating conditions and in-cylinder knock signature. The operating state of the internal combustion engine is provided by a crankshaft sensor, a camshaft sensor, an intake pressure temperature sensor and/or an original machine controller.
The high-temperature tail gas enters a condenser 17 through an exhaust manifold 11 for condensation separation. The condensed water vapor is converted into liquid water so as to realize the separation of argon and water vapor, the separated liquid water is introduced into the water tank 16 for storage, and the separated argon is introduced into the air inlet manifold 3 to realize the circulation of the argon, so that the problem of how to realize the reutilization of the argon in the argon atmosphere is solved.
A cryogenic heat exchanger is disposed within the tank 16. The cryogenic heat exchanger maintains the temperature of the water in the water tank 16 using the high temperature heat source generated during the operation of the internal combustion engine.
The high-voltage ion current power supply device 2, the ion current signal processing device 1 and the closed-loop controller 18 adopt a vehicle-mounted storage battery to supply power. The pipeline adopts a heat-insulating pressure-resistant stainless steel pipe or hose.
According to the embodiment, on the basis of zero emission of the hydrogen fuel internal combustion engine, the thermal efficiency and stability of the system are improved through an argon circulation steam auxiliary technology. According to the embodiment, argon is used as working medium, argon circulation is adopted to solve the problem of argon supply, the heat insulation index of the working medium in thermodynamic circulation can be remarkably improved, and the circulation heat efficiency is greatly improved. The quality of working medium is increased by increasing the content of water vapor in the cylinder, so that the thermal efficiency of the internal combustion engine is improved. The water vapor in the cylinder is used for auxiliary injection, high-temperature and high-pressure water is used as a medium to recycle low-grade energy in high-temperature tail gas of the engine, and the injection time is close to the combustion top dead center. A great amount of high-temperature high-pressure steam is prepared in the in-cylinder combustion process by establishing flash boiling, and on the basis of regulating and controlling the in-cylinder combustion temperature, the in-cylinder steam power cycle is established, so that the thermal efficiency of the system is further improved.
Example 2:
the embodiment provides a basic in-cylinder steam-assisted argon circulation zero-emission internal combustion engine structure, which comprises an argon circulation internal combustion engine body 5, a water injection system and a control system.
The water injection system comprises a high-pressure water pump 12, a heat exchanger 10, a high-pressure water common rail 7 and an in-cylinder high-temperature water nozzle 6 which are connected in sequence. A water temperature balance pipeline is connected between the outlet and the inlet of the heat exchanger 10. The water temperature balance pipeline is provided with a water temperature balance valve 9. A temperature sensor 8 is arranged on a pipeline between the high-pressure water common rail 7 and the heat exchanger 10. The in-cylinder high-temperature water nozzle 6 is installed in the combustion chamber 503 of the engine body 5. The injection water is pressurized and heated by the high-pressure water pump 12 and the heat exchanger 10, and then accumulated in the common rail chamber of the high-pressure water common rail 7. The high-pressure water common rail 7 eliminates pressure fluctuation in the injection water and then delivers the injection water to the in-cylinder high-temperature water nozzle 6. The in-cylinder high-temperature water nozzle 6 injects high-temperature water into the combustion chamber 503.
The control system comprises an ion current signal processing device 1, a high-voltage ion current power supply device 2, an in-cylinder ion current sensor 4 and a closed-loop controller 18. The in-cylinder ion current sensor 4 is installed in the combustion chamber 503. The high-voltage ion current power supply device 2 applies a voltage to a cylinder block 501 and a combustion chamber 503 of the internal combustion engine body 5. The in-cylinder ion current sensor 4 detects an in-cylinder ion current signal and transmits it to the ion current signal processing device 1. The ion current signal processing device 1 performs signal processing on the in-cylinder ion current signal, and extracts an in-cylinder explosion characteristic signal. The ion current signal processing device 1, the high-temperature water nozzle 6 in the cylinder, the high-pressure water common rail 7, the temperature sensor 8, the water temperature balance valve 9, the heat exchanger 10 and the high-pressure water pump 12 are all connected with the closed-loop controller 18. The closed loop controller 18 adjusts the in-cylinder water injection strategy based on the current engine operating conditions and in-cylinder knock signature.
In the embodiment, the combustible mixed gas based on hydrogen/oxygen/argon is realized in the combustion chamber of the internal combustion engine by establishing an argon circulation gas supply system. Hydrogen is used as fuel for internal combustion engines. Oxygen is used as an oxidant to participate in combustion. Argon acts as a medium for pushing the piston. The combustion process optimization control and the in-cylinder steam supplementation are realized by injecting high temperature water in the cylinder in the working process of the internal combustion engine, so that the combustion stability and the thermal efficiency are improved.
Example 3:
the main structure of this embodiment is the same as that of embodiment 2, and a condenser 17 is further included. The argon-cycle internal combustion engine body 5 includes a cylinder block 501, a cylinder head, a crankshaft, a connecting rod, a piston 502, and a combustion chamber 503. The upper end opening of the cylinder body 501 is sealed by a cylinder cover. The crankshaft and connecting rod reciprocate a piston 502 within a cylinder block 501. The cylinder head, cylinder block 501 and piston 502 enclose a combustion chamber 503. An air inlet and an air outlet are provided on the side wall of the cylinder block 501. The air inlet and the air outlet communicate the combustion chamber 503 with the external environment. The intake port is provided with an intake manifold 3. The air outlet is provided with an exhaust manifold 11. The high-temperature tail gas enters a condenser 17 through an exhaust manifold 11 for condensation separation. The condensed water vapor is converted into liquid water so as to realize the separation of argon and water vapor, and the separated argon is introduced into the air inlet manifold 3 to realize the circulation of the argon, so that the problem of how to realize the recycling of the argon under the argon atmosphere is solved.
Example 4:
the main structure of this embodiment is the same as that of embodiment 2, wherein the water spray system further includes a water tank 16. The normal pressure spray water is stored in the water tank 16. The side wall of the water tank 16 is provided with a high-temperature water pipe 15. The heat source of the high-temperature water pipe 15 comes from heat released during the operation of the internal combustion engine. A water tank heating control valve 14 is arranged at the inlet of the high-temperature water pipe 15.
Since water may generate freezing at 0 c, the water temperature is maintained using the high temperature water pipe 15. The heat source of the high-temperature water pipe 15 comes from heat released during the operation of the internal combustion engine. In order to realize accurate control of the temperature of the water in the water tank, the water level and temperature sensor 13 is adopted to monitor the temperature of the water in the water tank in real time, and information is transmitted back to the closed-loop controller 18 to provide basic information for calculating the heat required when the current water tank temperature is lower than 15 ℃. The closed-loop controller 18 combines a PID closed-loop control strategy, uses different proportional coefficients, integral coefficients and differential coefficients to control the opening and closing of the water tank heating control valve 14, drives the water tank heating control valve 14 to regulate the flow in the high-temperature water pipe 15, and achieves accurate control of the water temperature in the water tank, thereby effectively avoiding adverse phenomena such as freezing of water in the water tank.
Example 5:
the main structure of this embodiment is the same as that of embodiment 2, wherein the high-voltage ion current power supply device 2, the ion current signal processing device 1 and the closed-loop controller 18 are powered by a vehicle-mounted storage battery.
Example 6:
the main structure of this embodiment is the same as that of embodiment 2, wherein the operating state of the internal combustion engine is provided by a crank sensor, a camshaft sensor, an intake pressure temperature sensor and/or an original machine controller.
Example 7:
the main structure of the embodiment is the same as that of the embodiment 2, wherein the pipeline adopts a heat-insulating heat-preserving pressure-resistant stainless steel pipe or hose.
Example 8:
the present embodiment is mainly structured as in embodiment 2, wherein the in-cylinder high-temperature water nozzle 6 injects high-temperature water into the combustion chamber 503 when the difference between the in-cylinder knocking maximum characteristic value and the lower threshold value is greater than zero.
Example 9:
in the working engineering of the internal combustion engine, the generation condition of knock characteristic signals in a cylinder is acquired in real time by using an ion current detection technology, and the ion current signals in the cylinder pass through the cylinderThe working principle of the internal ion current sensor is that the high-voltage ion current power supply device is adopted to apply 50-300V direct current voltage required by ion current detection to the combustion chamber and the cylinder body, in the combustion process, the combustible gas mixture can generate chemical ionization and thermal ionization reaction, the generated ions directionally flow in the detection circuit to form weak current, and the current signal is processed by the ion current signal processing device through complex filtering, amplifying, digital-analog conversion, integration, ion current voltage signal extraction and other calculation methods to obtain the in-cylinder explosion characteristic signal under each crank angle. Assume that the rotation speed is 2000 r.min -1 Under the working conditions that the torque 80 N.m and the excess air coefficient=1 correspond to each other, the in-cylinder explosion characteristic signal is provided through the ion current detection technology, the communication is carried out with the closed-loop controller through the CAN communication protocol, the lower threshold value 5V is set on the basis, when the difference between the maximum in-cylinder explosion characteristic value and the lower threshold value is larger than zero, water is sprayed into the cylinder, along with the increase of the difference, the in-cylinder water injection moment and the injection pulse width are accurately controlled by the closed-loop controller according to the experimental obtained difference and water spraying quantity relation curve, and the in-cylinder explosion real-time control is realized.
Normal temperature water is stored in the water tank, and the water temperature is maintained by adopting a high temperature water pipe arranged inside because the water can generate the hidden danger of freezing at 0 ℃. The heat source of the high temperature water pipe comes from the heat released during the working process of the internal combustion engine. In order to realize accurate control of the temperature of water in the water tank, the water level and the temperature sensor of the water tank are adopted to monitor the temperature of the water in the water tank in real time, and the information is transmitted back to the closed-loop controller to provide basic information for calculating the heat required when the current water tank temperature is lower than 15 ℃. The closed-loop controller combines a PID closed-loop control strategy, uses different proportional coefficients, integral coefficients and differential coefficients to control the opening and closing of a water tank heating control valve at the inlet of the high-temperature water pipe, so that the low-temperature heat exchanger in the water tank starts to work, thereby realizing the high-temperature liquid flow in the high-temperature water pipe, and finally achieving the accurate control of the water temperature in the water tank, and further effectively avoiding adverse phenomena such as freezing of water in the water tank.
On the basis, after water is pressurized to 15-40 MPa by using a water pump, the water is heated by a heat exchanger, the heated water temperature is approximately 200 ℃ according to the heat exchange efficiency of 60% of the heat exchanger and the exhaust temperature of 400 ℃, a temperature sensor feeds back a water temperature signal of a closed-loop controller, the acquired information of the air inflow, the rotating speed and the calibration MAP graph is fed back to the closed-loop controller, the required temperature is determined to be 120-180 ℃, and then a water temperature balance valve is opened to perform temperature neutralization through unheated water and heated water, so that the target temperature is reached. And then the pressure of the high-pressure water common rail is monitored in real time by a rail pressure sensor and is transmitted to a closed-loop controller, the closed-loop controller completes decision making on the basis of comparing a target value with a current value, and the outlet flow of the water pump is controlled to increase or decrease the pressure of the high-pressure water common rail. The high-pressure water common rail has the functions of realizing water injection distribution of each cylinder, inhibiting pressure fluctuation in the water injection process and providing guarantee for accurate control of the water injection process.
The problem that argon provided under the argon gas environment is that high-temperature tail gas (argon and water vapor) at 400 ℃ discharged by an exhaust manifold is cooled to below 85 ℃ through a condenser for condensation and separation, the water vapor after condensation is converted into liquid water so as to realize the separation of the argon gas and the water vapor, the separated water vapor is introduced into a water tank for storage, and the separated argon gas is introduced into an air inlet manifold again so as to realize the argon gas circulation, so that the problem of how to realize the argon gas reutilization under the argon gas atmosphere is solved.
According to the argon circulation zero-emission internal combustion engine structure based on in-cylinder steam assist, the high-efficiency zero-emission internal combustion power concept is realized through the argon circulation engine, and the heat efficiency and the stability of the system are improved through the in-cylinder steam assist technology, so that the aims of zero emission and high efficiency of the internal combustion engine in the future can be met.
Example 10:
the present embodiment provides a method for operating the internal combustion engine structure according to any one of embodiments 1 to 9, the in-cylinder high-temperature water nozzle 6 injecting water stored in the high-pressure water common rail 7 into the combustion chamber 503. Wherein, the closed loop controller 18 controls the water temperature balance valve 9 to adjust the output temperature of the high-pressure water in real time and the output flow of the high-pressure water pump 12 in real time according to the target rail pressure and the target water temperature requirement. The controller 18 adjusts the injection timing and the injection pulse width of the high temperature water nozzle 6 in real time according to the operating state of the internal combustion engine. Specifically, water is pressurized to 15 to 40MPa using a water pump 12. After the water is pressurized by the high-pressure water pump 12, the high-pressure water exchanges heat with the high-temperature exhaust gas in the heat exchanger 10. The water temperature signal heated by the heat exchanger 10 is fed back to the closed-loop controller 18 through the water temperature sensor 8, and the closed-loop controller 18 controls the water temperature balance valve 9 according to feedback information to accurately control the water temperature. The heated high-pressure water is supplied to and stored in the high-pressure water common rail 7. The high pressure water common rail pressure is monitored in real time by a rail pressure sensor and transmitted to the closed-loop controller 18, the closed-loop controller 18 makes a decision on the basis of comparing the target value with the current value, and the outlet flow of the water pump 12 is controlled to increase or decrease the high pressure water common rail pressure. The high-pressure water common rail 7 distributes high-pressure water to the high-temperature water nozzles 6 in each cylinder of the internal combustion engine, and the high-pressure water is controlled to be sprayed into the combustion chamber at proper time through the closed-loop controller 18, so that the knocking tendency is reduced and additional working medium is added in the working process of the internal combustion engine.
The embodiment has the capability of obviously improving the emission characteristic of the internal combustion engine and increasing the thermal efficiency of the internal combustion engine, can ensure that the water spray quantity is more accurate, improves the control of the internal combustion engine cylinder explosion tendency, and effectively improves the working stability of the argon circulation internal combustion engine.
Example 11:
the present embodiment provides a vehicle system including the internal combustion engine structure according to any one of embodiments 1 to 9.
Claims (10)
1. An in-cylinder steam-assisted argon circulation zero-emission internal combustion engine structure is characterized in that: comprises an argon circulation internal combustion engine body (5), a water injection system and a control system;
the water injection system comprises a high-pressure water pump (12), a heat exchanger (10), a high-pressure water common rail (7) and an in-cylinder high-temperature water nozzle (6) which are connected in sequence; a water temperature balance pipeline is connected between the outlet and the inlet of the heat exchanger (10); a water temperature balance valve (9) is arranged on the water temperature balance pipeline; a temperature sensor (8) is arranged on a pipeline between the high-pressure water common rail (7) and the heat exchanger (10); the in-cylinder high-temperature water nozzle (6) is arranged in a combustion chamber (503) of the internal combustion engine body (5); the injection water is pressurized and heated by a high-pressure water pump (12) and a heat exchanger (10) and then accumulated in a common rail cavity of a high-pressure water common rail (7); the high-pressure water common rail (7) is used for conveying the injection water to the high-temperature water nozzle (6) in the cylinder after eliminating pressure fluctuation in the injection water;
the control system comprises an ion current signal processing device (1), a high-voltage ion current power supply device (2), an in-cylinder ion current sensor (4) and a closed-loop controller (18); the in-cylinder ion current sensor (4) is arranged in the combustion chamber (503); the high-voltage ion current power supply device (2) applies voltage to a cylinder block (501) and a combustion chamber (503) of an internal combustion engine body (5); the in-cylinder ion current sensor (4) detects an in-cylinder ion current signal and transmits the in-cylinder ion current signal to the ion current signal processing device (1); the ion current signal processing device (1) is used for performing signal processing on the ion current signal in the cylinder and extracting a cylinder explosion characteristic signal; the ion current signal processing device (1), the in-cylinder high-temperature water nozzle (6), the high-pressure water common rail (7), the temperature sensor (8), the water temperature balance valve (9), the heat exchanger (10) and the high-pressure water pump (12) are all connected with the closed-loop controller (18);
when the device works, hydrogen is used as fuel of an internal combustion engine, oxygen is used as an oxidant to participate in combustion, and argon is used as a medium for pushing a piston; the high-temperature water nozzle (6) in the cylinder sprays high-temperature water into the combustion chamber (503), thereby increasing the quality of working medium and improving the thermal efficiency of the internal combustion engine; the closed-loop controller (18) adjusts the in-cylinder water injection strategy according to the current working state of the internal combustion engine and the in-cylinder knock characteristic signal.
2. An in-cylinder steam-assisted argon circulation zero-emission internal combustion engine structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: further comprising a condenser (17); the high-temperature tail gas enters a condenser (17) through an exhaust manifold (11) for condensation separation; the separated argon gas is introduced into an air inlet manifold (3), and the separated liquid water is introduced into a water injection system.
3. An in-cylinder steam-assisted argon circulation zero-emission internal combustion engine structure according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: the water injection system further comprises a water tank (16); the normal pressure injection water is stored in a water tank (16).
4. An in-cylinder steam-assisted argon circulation zero-emission internal combustion engine structure as claimed in claim 3, wherein: the water tank (16) maintains the temperature of the water using a high temperature heat source generated during operation of the internal combustion engine.
5. A cylinder steam assist based argon circulation zero emission internal combustion engine structure according to claim 1 or 3, characterized in that: the high-voltage ion current power supply device (2), the ion current signal processing device (1) and the closed-loop controller (18) are powered by adopting a vehicle-mounted storage battery.
6. An in-cylinder steam-assisted argon circulation zero-emission internal combustion engine structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: the operating state of the internal combustion engine is provided by a crankshaft sensor, a camshaft sensor, an intake pressure temperature sensor and/or an original machine controller.
7. An in-cylinder steam-assisted argon circulation zero-emission internal combustion engine structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: the pipeline adopts a heat-insulating pressure-resistant stainless steel pipe or hose.
8. An in-cylinder steam-assisted argon circulation zero-emission internal combustion engine structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: when the difference value between the maximum characteristic value of the in-cylinder explosion and the lower threshold value is larger than zero, the in-cylinder high-temperature water nozzle (6) sprays high-temperature water into the combustion chamber (503).
9. A method for operating an internal combustion engine arrangement according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that: the in-cylinder high-temperature water nozzle (6) sprays water stored in the high-pressure water common rail (7) into the combustion chamber (503); the closed-loop controller (18) controls the water temperature balance valve (9) to regulate the output temperature of the high-pressure water in real time and regulate the output flow of the high-pressure water pump (12) in real time according to the target rail pressure and the target water temperature requirement; the closed-loop controller (18) adjusts the injection time and the injection pulse width of the high-temperature water nozzle (6) in real time according to the working state of the internal combustion engine.
10. A vehicle system characterized by: an internal combustion engine structure comprising any one of claims 1 to 8.
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| CN116006316B (en) * | 2023-01-02 | 2024-05-14 | 重庆长安汽车股份有限公司 | Hydrogen engine system and vehicle based on waste heat utilization |
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