CN113832287A - Rapid steel tapping method based on shot-shooting type sublance measurement - Google Patents

Rapid steel tapping method based on shot-shooting type sublance measurement Download PDF

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CN113832287A
CN113832287A CN202111200772.6A CN202111200772A CN113832287A CN 113832287 A CN113832287 A CN 113832287A CN 202111200772 A CN202111200772 A CN 202111200772A CN 113832287 A CN113832287 A CN 113832287A
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steel
fruit
meter
tapping
chinese wolfberry
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CN113832287B (en
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占小立
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Nanjing Baoxi Intelligent Technology Co ltd
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21C—PROCESSING OF PIG-IRON, e.g. REFINING, MANUFACTURE OF WROUGHT-IRON OR STEEL; TREATMENT IN MOLTEN STATE OF FERROUS ALLOYS
    • C21C5/00—Manufacture of carbon-steel, e.g. plain mild steel, medium carbon steel or cast steel or stainless steel
    • C21C5/28—Manufacture of steel in the converter
    • C21C5/30—Regulating or controlling the blowing
    • C21C5/32—Blowing from above
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21C—PROCESSING OF PIG-IRON, e.g. REFINING, MANUFACTURE OF WROUGHT-IRON OR STEEL; TREATMENT IN MOLTEN STATE OF FERROUS ALLOYS
    • C21C5/00—Manufacture of carbon-steel, e.g. plain mild steel, medium carbon steel or cast steel or stainless steel
    • C21C5/28—Manufacture of steel in the converter
    • C21C5/42—Constructional features of converters
    • C21C5/46—Details or accessories
    • C21C5/4673—Measuring and sampling devices
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21C—PROCESSING OF PIG-IRON, e.g. REFINING, MANUFACTURE OF WROUGHT-IRON OR STEEL; TREATMENT IN MOLTEN STATE OF FERROUS ALLOYS
    • C21C2300/00—Process aspects
    • C21C2300/06—Modeling of the process, e.g. for control purposes; CII
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
    • Y02P10/20—Recycling
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
    • Y02P10/25—Process efficiency

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
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  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Carbon Steel Or Casting Steel Manufacturing (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a quick steel tapping method based on shot type sublance measurement, and belongs to the technical field of converter smelting. Blowing molten steel in converter by introducing oxygen, throwing measuring probe of throwing sublance into molten steel in converter to measure C, T and P of molten steel, and measuring residual carbon content CMeasuringDeviation from target carbon content C (0) and measured molten steel temperature TMeasuringCalculating the actual residual oxygen blowing amount delta V by the deviation from the target temperature T (0)Fruit of Chinese wolfberryThe actual residual oxygen blowing amount DeltaV is setFruit of Chinese wolfberryContinuously blowing the molten steel to complete converting, wherein the molten steel hits the end point C, T and the required range of P, and the tapping condition is met; the throwing measurement time of the measuring probe in the smelting heat is as follows: when C is presentMeterWhen the content is in the range of 0.05 wt% to 0.18 wt%, the content is regulated by a formula delta VMeter＝VGeneral assembly*γ*ln[(CMeter‑C(0))/(C(HM)‑C(0))]Calculating Delta VMeterControl factThe oxygen amount reaches VGeneral assembly‑ΔVMeterMeasurements are taken. The invention can effectively shorten the smelting period and realize quick steel tapping under the condition of ensuring the steel-making quality.

Description

Rapid steel tapping method based on shot-shooting type sublance measurement
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of converter smelting, and particularly relates to a quick steel tapping method based on shot type sublance measurement.
Background
At present, the oxygen top-blown converter steelmaking is the main steelmaking method in China at present, and is characterized by various raw material ranges, high reaction speed in the converter, short smelting period, more influencing factors in the smelting process and complex reaction. The converter end point control technology is important operation in the later stage of converter smelting, wherein the blowing end point refers to the moment when molten steel reaches the blowing target requirement, and the end point control mainly refers to the control of the components (carbon element (C) and phosphorus element (P)) and temperature (T) of the blowing end point. By introducing the sublance technology, T and C measurements are carried out on the molten steel in the converter at a specific moment, and the temperature measurement and sampling process of the converter in front of the converter is replaced. At present, two types of common sublance technologies are provided, one type is a mechanical sublance, and a probe extends into the liquid level of steel for a certain depth to perform measurement and sampling actions by utilizing a lance body and a lifting mechanism similar to an oxygen lance; one is a projectile-type sublance, which utilizes a projectile device to throw a measuring probe into the molten steel of a converter, and the measured data is transmitted through a lead connected with the probe. The missile throwing type sublance has the characteristics of simple equipment, small occupied space, high reliability, wide adaptability to the volume of the converter and low investment, and is more and more emphasized by steelmaking operators.
Generally, the sublance equipment only replaces the original temperature measurement and sampling device in front of the converter, so that the time for shaking the converter at the blowing end point is reduced, and the molten steel end point control still needs to be judged by the experience of a steelmaking operator. The development of the existing dynamic steelmaking model is only based on the improvement of the hit rate of the steelmaking end point, and a mechanical sublance is needed to complete two measurement actions. The patent or publication of papers or patents is less concerned with optimizing the process of near-end smelting of steel and end-point control of a projectile type sublance.
Through search, the Chinese invention patent CN110484677A discloses an efficient steelmaking process method, which comprises the following steps: feeding the refined material into a furnace; high scrap steel ratio and heat balance loading; a variable-gun and variable-pressure oxygen supply technology; the end point adopts a bullet throwing temperature measuring and carbon determining technology; optimizing the tapping process and changing the converter deslagging process flow. Although the process method provided by the patent reduces splashing and drying, the abnormal heat number cannot be corrected in time by measuring at the steelmaking blowing terminal point, and the molten steel cannot be ensured to meet the requirements of target components because the sampling is not carried out in the patent; in addition, the patent also lacks the calculation and monitoring of P, and the risk that the molten steel P exceeds the standard cannot be avoided.
Through retrieval, the Chinese invention patent CN102344986A discloses a method, a device and a system for controlling a converter steelmaking end point, which are used for solving the problems of large probe consumption and poor applicability of the existing sublance technology. The method comprises the following steps: when the decarburizing oxygen efficiency value is smaller than a preset value, calculating the carbon content of the molten pool and the temperature of the molten pool, and comparing the carbon content of the molten pool with the target carbon content of the molten pool and the target temperature of the molten pool; according to the comparison result, calculating the oxygen blowing amount and the coolant addition amount or the recarburizer addition amount required by the subsequent converting, and controlling the oxygen blowing and feeding operation according to the calculated oxygen blowing amount and coolant addition amount; and repeatedly calculating the carbon content of the molten pool and the temperature of the molten pool, and sending out an instruction of stopping smelting when the requirements of the target carbon content and the target temperature are met. Although the technical scheme of the patent can also ensure the high hit rate of the smelting end point, the shot-throwing type sublance is lacked for measurement, the measurement time cannot be dynamically adjusted, and the accuracy of the end point calculation cannot be ensured
In summary, although there are some methods for improving the hit rate of the smelting end point and determining the oxygen blowing amount according to the smelting parameters in the prior art, the smelting period cannot be effectively shortened, and the quality and yield of steel making cannot be ensured. Therefore, there is a need to design a process control method that can effectively shorten the smelting period and ensure the quality and yield of steel making.
Disclosure of Invention
1. Problems to be solved
Aiming at the problems that the oxygen blowing amount required by the smelting process cannot be accurately controlled, the smelting period is long and the steelmaking end point quality is poor in the prior art, the invention provides a quick tapping method based on shot-type sublance measurement; the method has the advantages that the bullet throwing measurement of the bullet throwing type sublance is carried out and the bullet throwing time is accurately controlled in the smelting process, so that the problems that the oxygen blowing amount required in the smelting process cannot be accurately controlled, the smelting period is long and the steelmaking end point quality is poor are effectively solved.
2. Technical scheme
In order to solve the problems, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
the invention relates to a quick tapping method based on a projectile type sublance measurement, which is characterized in that oxygen is introduced to blow converter molten steel, a measuring probe of the projectile type sublance is thrown to C, T and P in the converter molten steel to measure molten steel in the blowing process, andaccording to the measured residual carbon content CMeasuringDeviation from target carbon content C (0) and measured molten steel temperature TMeasuringCalculating the actual residual oxygen blowing amount delta V by the deviation from the target temperature T (0)Fruit of Chinese wolfberryThe actual residual oxygen blowing amount DeltaV is setFruit of Chinese wolfberryContinuously blowing the molten steel to complete converting, wherein the molten steel hits the end point C, T and the required range of P, and the tapping condition is met; the throwing measurement time of the measuring probe in the smelting heat is as follows: when C is presentMeterWhen the content is in the range of 0.05 wt% to 0.18 wt%, the content is regulated by a formula delta VMeter＝VGeneral assembly*γ*ln[(CMeter-C(0))/(C(HM)-C(0))]Calculating Delta VMeterControlling the actual oxygen blowing amount to reach VGeneral assembly-ΔVMeterMeasuring is carried out; in the above formula,. DELTA.VMeterFor the calculated residual oxygen blowing amount, VGeneral assemblyTotal oxygen required for smelting heat, gamma is dynamic parameter, CMeterC (HM) is the carbon content of the molten iron of the smelting heat for calculating the residual carbon content. Wherein Δ VMeter、VGeneral assemblyHas the unit of m3，CMeterThe units of C (0), C (HM) are in wt%. The invention aims to achieve quick steel tapping based on the combination of the methods of the measurement of the projectile equipment, the calculation of process parameters and the measurement of a time window.
Preferably, for medium carbon steel or low carbon steel, when C isMeterAnd performing projectile shooting measurement when the weight is within the range of 0.12 wt% -0.16 wt%.
Preferably, said Δ VMeter/VGeneral assembly4 to 6 percent. Generally, by the calculation, the shot measurement is carried out when the oxygen blowing amount reaches 95% +/-1% of the total oxygen amount, and a better result can be obtained.
Preferably, γ is-0.26 to-0.24.
Preferably, the specific operation steps are as follows:
(1) confirming a target C value, a target T value, a target P value and an upper limit C of a steelmaking end point according to steel gradesMaxLower limit of CMinUpper limit of TMaxLower limit of TMin；
(2) Calculating the total oxygen consumption V required by the converter according to the raw material conditions and the historical heat dataGeneral assembly；
(3) Calculating delta V according to historical reference heatMeter，ΔVMeter＝(4％～6％)*VGeneral assemblyFurther controlling the actual oxygen blowing amount to reach VGeneral assembly-ΔVMeterCarrying out projectile measurement;
(4) according to C measured by a measuring probeMeasuringDeviation from target carbon content C (0) and measured molten steel temperature TMeasuringCalculating the actual residual oxygen blowing amount delta V by the deviation from the target temperature T (0)Fruit of Chinese wolfberryWill Δ VMeterCorrected to Δ VFruit of Chinese wolfberryPerforming supplementary blowing;
(5) calculating molten steel T and C after oxygen blowing is finished;
(6) calculating P according to the molten steel T;
(7) t, C and P meet the target requirements, the blowing process is selected to be finished, and tapping operation is carried out;
(8) tapping the steel from the converter, sampling the steel during tapping, and calculating the deviation between C, T and P of a sample after the converter and C, T and P of a process sample measured by a measuring probe;
(9) c, T and P obtained by sampling during tapping are used as reference standards for the next smelting, and the operations of the steps (1) to (8) are continued.
Preferably, in the step (1), a target C value, a target T value and a target P value of a converter blowing end point are determined according to steel grade composition requirements by taking a process standard or historical data as a reference; the historical data includes C, T and P sampled during tapping of the smelting furnace before the smelting furnace. The rapid tapping can reduce the time transfer between the converter and the casting machine, is beneficial to reducing the steelmaking blowing end point temperature level, and generally, the end point blowing temperature can be reduced by 5-10 ℃ after the rapid tapping is realized.
Preferably, in the step (2), the basic data of the steelmaking of a plurality of heats can be statistically classified, the basic oxygen blowing amount is determined according to the smelting parameters, and then the incremental model algorithm is utilized to calculate the corresponding oxygen blowing amount change under the smelting parameter level of the heat based on the basic oxygen blowing amount of the reference heat; the smelting parameters comprise one or more of molten iron weight, molten iron temperature, molten iron components (C, Si, Mn, P, S), scrap steel weight, iron block weight, scrap steel temperature, lime consumption and dolomite consumption. The specific calculation formula is as follows:
Figure BDA0003302826200000031
wherein: v () is the oxygen blowing amount metering value of the smelting process; j and k are respectively a smelting heat and a reference heat; x is the number ofiAnd ylThe method comprises the following steps of (1) influencing factors such as components, temperature and the like in the smelting process and influencing factors of the consumption of raw materials; gi() And q isl() Is a relational expression of the influence of each component, temperature and raw material dosage on oxygen blowing quantity; m and n are the number of the influencing factors such as components, temperature and the like and the influencing factors of the raw material consumption. And (5) searching the heat of the closest raw material condition in a clustering mode.
Preferably, the number of the steelmaking furnace numbers for statistically classifying the basic data is 10 to 20.
Preferably, the measurement of the throwing type sublance is generally carried out after blowing is stopped or when the terminal point is judged manually, and is used as a substitute for measuring the temperature in front of the converter. Generally, the shot type sublance calculates the C content according to the measured temperature T and oxygen content alpha (O) in molten steel by the carbon determination formula which is Log10CMeter＝2.236-1303/T-Log10α (O); in the carbon determination formula, T is the molten steel temperature and is expressed in the unit of DEG C, alpha (O) is the molten steel oxygen content and is expressed in the unit of ppm, and C can be obtained by knowing the T and alpha (O) of the molten steelMeter。
For example, as shown in FIG. 3, the carbon-oxygen volume curve in FIG. 3 is plotted for a carbon determination formula at a molten steel temperature of 1600 ℃. From the carbon oxygen product curve, the probe is at CMeterAt a content of [0.050 wt%, 0.180 wt%]Is more controllable, the measurement is more effective, and is at CMeter>0.20 wt% or CMeter<The slope of the curve at 0.03 wt% is too low or too high, and the smelting progress is not easy to control. When throwingToo early, the carbon content in the converter molten bath is high, the oxygen content in the molten steel is not available, and the molten steel C can not be calculated by measuring alpha (O)MeterThe probe measurement data is invalid; if the throwing time is too late, the blowing end point adjusting window is too small, and the intervention on the blowing end point cannot be carried out. Therefore, C can be ensured by reasonably selecting the oxygen blowing amount at the measurement momentMeasuringThe accuracy of the results and the effectiveness of the adjustment means are preserved.
In addition, the actual residual oxygen blowing amount Δ VFruit of Chinese wolfberryThe current heat can be calculated by referring to the historical heat, and the formula for calculating the residual oxygen is as follows: Δ v (j) ═ Δ v (k) ((C) (k) -C (0))/(C (j) -C (0)); wherein, Δ V (j) is the residual oxygen quantity of the calculated heat, Δ V (k) is the residual oxygen quantity of the selected reference heat, C (j) is the C content of the calculated heat measurement, and C (k) is the C content of the reference heat measurement.
Preferably, in said step (4), according to CMeasuringΔ V (C) calculated from the deviation from C (0)Fruit of Chinese wolfberryRange of (1) Δ V (C)min～ΔV(C)maxAccording to TMeasuringΔ V (T) calculated from the deviation from T (0)Fruit of Chinese wolfberryRange of (1) Δ V (T)min～ΔV(T)max；
When Δ V (C)Fruit of Chinese wolfberryAnd Δ V (T)Fruit of Chinese wolfberryWhen there is an intersection of the ranges of (1), Δ VFruit of Chinese wolfberry＝ΔV(T)Fruit of Chinese wolfberry；
When Δ V (T)Fruit of Chinese wolfberry＞ΔV(C)maxWhen is Δ VFruit of Chinese wolfberry＝ΔV(T)min；
When Δ V (T)Fruit of Chinese wolfberry＜ΔV(C)minWhen is Δ VFruit of Chinese wolfberry＝ΔV(C)min。
In the actual smelting process, the residual oxygen amount Δ V (C) corresponding to the measured value is calculated from the difference between the measured value and the target valueFruit of Chinese wolfberryAnd Δ V (T)Fruit of Chinese wolfberryThe method is numerous, different smelting processes can have corresponding empirical formulas, and the invention does not limit the calculation process as long as the delta V (C) is calculatedFruit of Chinese wolfberryAnd Δ V (T)Fruit of Chinese wolfberryCan be used in the present invention to determine Δ VFruit of Chinese wolfberryThe method of (1). In addition, the present invention is preferably calculated by the following empirical formula.
It is known thatProcess sample C during measurement by sublanceMeasuringAnd C (0) as an end point, and oxygen blowing amount DeltaV (C)Fruit of Chinese wolfberryAnd (3) calculating:
ΔV(C)fruit of Chinese wolfberry＝(CMeasuring-C(0))*W*K；ΔV(C)max＝(CMeasuring-(C(0)+Cmin))*W*K；ΔV(C)min＝(CMeasuring-(C(0)+Cmax) W K); w is the weight of molten steel, and the unit is as follows: ton; k is an oxygen blowing decarburization coefficient, and is obtained by learning and analyzing a reference heat, wherein K is 0.5-1.5.
T of process sample in measurement of known sublanceMeasuringAnd the end point requirement T (0), the oxygen blowing amount is delta V (T)Fruit of Chinese wolfberryAnd (3) calculating:
ΔV(T)fruit of Chinese wolfberry＝(T(0)-TMeasuring)*W*H；ΔV(T)max＝((T(0)+Tmax)-TMeasuring)*W*H；ΔV(T)min＝((T(0)+Tmin)-TMeasuring) W H; w is the weight of molten steel, and the unit is as follows: ton; h is an oxygen blowing temperature rise coefficient, and is obtained by learning and analyzing a reference heat, wherein H is 0.40-0.80.
Through the above process, as shown in FIG. 4,. DELTA.V (T)Fruit of Chinese wolfberryThe determination method comprises the following steps:
(1) if [ Delta V (T)min，ΔV(T)max]And [ Delta V (C)min，ΔV(C)max]The intersection shows that C and T can be hit simultaneously, the simultaneous equation has a solution, and the oxygen supply amount is delta V (T)Fruit of Chinese wolfberry。
(2) If [ Delta V (T)min，ΔV(T)max]>ΔV(C)maxIf the temperature of the molten steel is low, the temperature of the molten steel is preferably ensured to meet the lower limit requirement, the C content is properly reduced (namely the end point C is lower than the lower limit of the target C), and the oxygen supplementing amount is delta V (T)min。
(3) If [ Delta V (T)min，ΔV(T)max]<ΔV(C)minWhen the temperature of the molten steel is measured, the temperature is higher, the temperature can be adjusted by adding a coolant (such as iron ore and sintered ore), and the oxygen supplementing amount is delta V (C)min。
Preferably, in the (6) step, P:
1) the distribution formula of P in the converter is as follows:
Figure BDA0003302826200000051
wherein: lp is the distribution coefficient of P and the ratio of the molten steel P to the slag P;
t is the temperature of molten steel, DEG C; (% CaO) is the mass fraction of CaO in the slag, and is generally 30-50%; (% TFe) is the mass fraction of TFe in the slag, generally 12-20%;
2) calculation of P of molten steel
Figure BDA0003302826200000052
Wherein: [ P ]: for the molten steel contains P content%
W: is the weight of molten steel, ton; wSlagThe amount of slag is 0.05-0.15 ton per ton of molten steel, generally, per 1 ton of molten steel; omega PMaterialThe weight of P carried in the steel-making furnace charge is ton.
3)ωPMaterial＝ωPMolten iron+ ω P scrap-WMolten iron*[P]Molten iron+WScrap steel*[P]Molten steel
Wherein: wMolten ironIs the weight of molten iron, ton; [ P ]]Molten ironThe content of P in molten iron is percent; wWaste molten steelThe weight of the scrap steel is ton; [ P ]]Molten steelThe P content of the scrap steel is percent, and the default is generally equal to the P content of the molten steel.
The P content in the molten steel can be calculated through the steps.
Preferably, in the step (8), a slag receiving tank is added to a buggy ladle by canceling temperature measurement sampling before the converter when oxygen blowing is finished and changing the technological process of converter deslagging, the converter directly taps steel after the converter, deslagging operation is carried out after the converter taps steel at the same time, slag 1/2-2/3 is left in the converter, slag splashing is directly splashed to dry in a furnace protection manner, scrap steel adding and iron adding operations are carried out, and a new steelmaking oxygen blowing smelting process is restarted.
The deviation in the step (8) includes two aspects:
1) the relationship between a process sample CTP at the moment of measurement of the sublance and an end sample CTP at the blowing end;
referring to the step (5), the calculation process of the final sample application CTP at the blowing end point is generally verified by measuring the temperature of the molten steel at the blowing end point of the furnace 2 of the new casting time and sampling the temperature by using the calculation process of the actual final sample application CTP and the final sample application CTP obtained by inspection.
2) Relation between the end sample CTP of the blowing end and the CTP of the sample after the furnace;
in the tapping process, the phenomena of rephosphorization and decarburization can occur under the influence of factors such as the fact that slag enters a steel ladle and molten steel contacts air. By analyzing the deviation between the end sample CTP of the blowing end sampling inspection heat and the end sample CTP of the furnace back sample CTP, the phosphorus return amount and the decarburization amount can be calculated for correcting the CTP calculation formula of the end sample application.
By calculating the deviation of the two parts, the relation between the CTP of the sample after the furnace and the CTP of the sample at the measuring moment of the sublance is established, so that the CTP level of the sample after the furnace can be quickly calculated by utilizing the CTP of the sample after the furnace through oxygen blowing, the CTP of the sample after the furnace can meet the requirement of a target steel grade, and the quality of molten steel can meet the technological requirement.
3. Advantageous effects
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
(1) the invention relates to a quick tapping method based on projectile type sublance measurement, which is characterized in that oxygen is introduced to blow converter molten steel, a measuring probe of the projectile type sublance is thrown into the converter molten steel to measure C, T and P of the molten steel in the blowing process, and the measured residual carbon content C is used as the basisMeasuringDeviation from target carbon content C (0) and measured molten steel temperature TMeasuringCalculating the actual residual oxygen blowing amount delta V by the deviation from the target temperature T (0)Fruit of Chinese wolfberryThe actual residual oxygen blowing amount DeltaV is setFruit of Chinese wolfberryContinuously blowing the molten steel into the molten steel to complete converting, wherein the molten steel hits the requirement ranges of the end points C and T, and the tapping condition is met; the throwing measurement time of the measuring probe in the smelting heat is as follows: when C is presentMeterWhen the content is in the range of 0.05 wt% to 0.18 wt%, the content is regulated by a formula delta VMeter＝VGeneral assembly*γ*ln[(CMeter-C(0))/(C(HM)-C(0))]Calculating Delta VMeterControlling the actual oxygen blowing amountTo reach VGeneral assembly-ΔVMeterMeasuring is carried out; in the above formula,. DELTA.VMeterFor the calculated residual oxygen blowing amount, VGeneral assemblyTotal oxygen required for smelting heat, gamma is dynamic parameter, CMeterC (HM) is the carbon content of the molten iron of the smelting heat for the calculated residual carbon content; by the method, the C can be calculated by monitoring the temperature and the oxygen activity of the molten steel in the smelting processMeterWhen C is presentMeterWhen the residual oxygen blowing amount is within the preferable range of the present invention, C, T and P of molten steel are measured by throwing and the actual residual oxygen blowing amount DeltaV is calculatedFruit of Chinese wolfberryThe oxygen blowing amount required by the whole process can be accurately controlled by continuously blowing the oxygen into the molten steel, so that the quality of the molten steel and the steelmaking yield are stably improved; in addition, particularly, the throwing measurement time of the invention is close to the converting terminal point of the converter, at the moment, the throwing measurement not only can adjust the oxygen blowing amount at the terminal point position in time, but also saves the time wasted by measuring after finishing smelting, shortens the smelting period, realizes quick steel tapping and ensures the high hit rate of the terminal point.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic flow chart of a rapid tapping method based on a projectile type sublance measurement in the invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic flow chart of comparative example 1;
FIG. 3 is a graph showing the carbon-oxygen product curve of the molten steel temperature at 1600 ℃;
FIG. 4 is a graph showing the relationship among the molten steel temperature, the carbon content and the residual oxygen blowing amount.
Detailed Description
The following detailed description of exemplary embodiments of the invention refers to the accompanying drawings, which form a part hereof, and in which are shown by way of illustration exemplary embodiments in which the invention may be practiced, and in which features of the invention are identified by reference numerals. The following more detailed description of the embodiments of the invention is not intended to limit the scope of the invention, as claimed, but is presented for purposes of illustration only and not limitation to describe the features and characteristics of the invention, to set forth the best mode of carrying out the invention, and to sufficiently enable one skilled in the art to practice the invention. It will, however, be understood that various modifications and changes may be made without departing from the scope of the invention as defined in the appended claims. The detailed description and drawings are to be regarded as illustrative rather than restrictive, and any such modifications and variations are intended to be included within the scope of the present invention as described herein. Furthermore, the background is intended to be illustrative of the state of the art as developed and the meaning of the present technology and is not intended to limit the scope of the invention or the application and field of application of the invention.
Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention belongs; the terminology used in the description of the invention herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the invention.
The invention is further described with reference to specific examples.
Example 1
As shown in FIG. 1, the present example provides a method for rapid tapping based on the measurement of a shot type sublance, which uses a 70T top-blown oxygen converter 2 seat of a certain steel mill with the furnace number 91H210651 and the smelting steel grade HRB 400E. The specific operation steps are as follows:
(1) confirming a target C value, a target T value and a target P value of a steelmaking end point according to the steel grade; in this example, the target temperature T of molten steel was 1660 ℃, the target C was 0.10 wt%, and the target P was 0.025 wt%, depending on the production conditions.
(2) The used steelmaking raw materials comprise 64.84t of molten iron, 14.61t of scrap steel, C: 4.13 wt%, Si: 0.35 wt%, Mn: 0.26 wt%, S: 0.023 wt%, P0.125wt%, molten iron temperature 1335 ℃. Calculating the total oxygen consumption V required by the converter according to the raw material conditions and the reference heatGeneral assembly＝3812m3。
(3) At the CMeterIn the range of 0.12 wt% to 0.16 wt%, according to Δ VMeter＝(4％～6％)*VGeneral assembly＝152m3～228m3Selecting Δ VMeter＝172m3Measuring to control actual oxygen blowing amount to reach VGeneral assembly-ΔVMeter＝3640m3The shot-shooting measurement is carried out.
(4) According toC measured by measuring probeMeasuringDeviation of 0.143 wt% from the target carbon content C (0) and the measured molten steel temperature TMeasuringCalculating the deviation between 1608 deg.C and target temp. T (0) to obtain actual residual oxygen-blowing quantity delta VFruit of Chinese wolfberry＝218m3Will Δ VMeterCorrected to Δ VFruit of Chinese wolfberryThe supplementary blowing is carried out, and the final total oxygen blowing amount is recorded as 3858m3。
In step (4), according to CMeasuringΔ V (C) calculated from the deviation from C (0)min＝161m3，ΔV(C)max＝441m3According to TMeasuringΔ V (T) calculated from the deviation from T (0)Fruit of Chinese wolfberry＝218m3，ΔV(T)min＝155m3，ΔV(T)max＝281m3(ii) a With reference to figure 4 of the drawings,
condition 1: when Δ V (T)Fruit of Chinese wolfberryAnd Δ V (C)Fruit of Chinese wolfberryWhen there is an intersection of the ranges of (1), Δ VFruit of Chinese wolfberry＝ΔV(T)Fruit of Chinese wolfberry；
Condition 2: when Δ V (T)Fruit of Chinese wolfberry＞ΔV(C)maxWhen is Δ VFruit of Chinese wolfberry＝ΔV(T)min；
Condition 3: when Δ V (T)Fruit of Chinese wolfberry＜ΔV(C)minWhen is Δ VFruit of Chinese wolfberry＝ΔV(C)min；
The calculation result meets the condition 1, and the delta V is takenFruit of Chinese wolfberry＝ΔV(T)Fruit of Chinese wolfberry＝202m3。
(5) Calculating molten steel T and C after oxygen blowing is finished;
T＝1660℃，C＝0.112％。
(6) calculating P according to the molten steel T;
Lp＝62.40，[P]＝0.027％。
(7) t, C and P meet the target requirements, and the blowing process is selected to be finished to carry out tapping operation.
(8) Tapping by the converter, sampling in the tapping process, sampling behind the converter to obtain C in the molten steel: 0.096 wt%, temperature T: 1657 ℃, P: 0.019 wt%. The deviation between C, T and P of the sample after the furnace and C, T and P of the process sample measured by the measuring probe are calculated and corrected to prepare for the next smelting.
(9) C, T and P obtained by sampling during tapping are used as reference standards for the next smelting, and the operations of the steps (1) to (8) are continued.
Through the operation, the final oxygen blowing time is 13.2min, the smelting period is 24.3min, and the period is shortened by 1.2min compared with the period of the normal smelting (comparative example 1).
Example 2
As shown in figure 1, the embodiment provides a rapid steel tapping method based on shot-type sublance measurement, which adopts a 70T top-blown oxygen converter 2 seat of a certain steel mill, the furnace number is 91H210687, and the smelting steel type is HRB 400E. The specific operation steps are as follows:
(1) confirming a target C value, a target T value and a target P value of a steelmaking end point according to the steel grade; in this example, the target temperature T of molten steel was 1660 ℃, the target C was 0.10 wt%, and the target P was 0.025 wt%, depending on the production conditions.
(2) The used steelmaking raw materials comprise 63.25t of molten iron, 15.64t of scrap steel, C: 4.26 wt%, Si: 0.33 wt%, Mn: 0.28 wt%, S: 0.025 wt%, P0.128wt%, molten iron temperature 1326 deg.c. Calculating the total oxygen consumption V required by the converter according to the raw material conditions and the reference heatGeneral assembly＝3885m3。
(3) At the CMeterIn the range of 0.12 wt% to 0.16 wt%, according to Δ VMeter＝(4％～6％)*VGeneral assembly＝155m3～233m3Selecting Δ VMeter＝194m3Measuring to control actual oxygen blowing amount to reach VGeneral assembly-ΔVMeter＝3691m3The shot-shooting measurement is carried out.
(4) According to C measured by a measuring probeMeasuringDeviation of 0.107 wt.% from target carbon content C (0) and measured molten steel temperature TMeasuringCalculating the deviation between 1602 ℃ and the target temperature T (0) to obtain the actual residual oxygen blowing amount delta VFruit of Chinese wolfberry＝190m3Will Δ VMeterCorrected to Δ VFruit of Chinese wolfberryThe supplementary blowing was carried out, and the final total oxygen blowing amount was recorded as 3881m3。
In step (4), according to CMeasuringΔ V (C) calculated from the deviation from C (0)min＝0m3，ΔV(C)max＝179m3According to TMeasuringΔ V (T) calculated from the deviation from T (0)Fruit of Chinese wolfberry＝256m3，ΔV(T)min＝190m3，ΔV(T)max＝322m3(ii) a With reference to figure 4 of the drawings,
condition 1: when Δ V (T)Fruit of Chinese wolfberryAnd Δ V (C)Fruit of Chinese wolfberryWhen there is an intersection of the ranges of (1), Δ VFruit of Chinese wolfberry＝ΔV(T)Fruit of Chinese wolfberry；
Condition 2: when Δ V (T)Fruit of Chinese wolfberry＞ΔV(C)maxWhen is Δ VFruit of Chinese wolfberry＝ΔV(T)min；
Condition 3: when Δ V (T)Fruit of Chinese wolfberry＜ΔV(C)minWhen is Δ VFruit of Chinese wolfberry＝ΔV(C)min；
The calculation result meets the condition 2, and the delta V is takenFruit of Chinese wolfberry＝ΔV(T)min＝190m3。
(5) Calculating molten steel T and C after oxygen blowing is finished;
T＝1660℃，C＝0.084％。
(6) calculating P according to the molten steel T;
Lp＝81.20，[P]＝0.020％。
(7) t, C and P meet the target requirements, and the blowing process is selected to be finished to carry out tapping operation.
(8) Tapping by the converter, sampling in the tapping process, sampling behind the converter to obtain C in the molten steel: 0.082 wt%, temperature T: 1658 ℃, P: 0.018 wt%. The deviation between C, T and P of the sample after the furnace and C, T and P of the process sample measured by the measuring probe are calculated and corrected to prepare for the next smelting.
(9) C, T and P obtained by sampling during tapping are used as reference standards for the next smelting, and the operations of the steps (1) to (8) are continued.
Through the operation, the final oxygen blowing time is 13.5min, the smelting period is 24.5min, and the period is shortened by 1.0min compared with the period of the normal smelting (comparative example 1).
Example 3
As shown in FIG. 1, the present example provides a method for rapid tapping based on the measurement of a shot type sublance, which uses 2 seats of a 70T top-blown oxygen converter of a certain steel mill, with the furnace number 91H210713 and the smelting steel type Q195. The specific operation steps are as follows:
(1) confirming a target C value, a target T value and a target P value of a steelmaking end point according to the steel grade; in this example, the target temperature T of molten steel was 1645 ℃, the target C was 0.09 wt%, and the target P was 0.020 wt%, depending on the production conditions.
(2) The used steelmaking raw materials comprise 65.33t of molten iron, 13.18t of scrap steel, C: 4.33 wt%, Si: 0.38 wt%, Mn: 0.22 wt%, S: 0.021 wt%, P0.120wt%, molten iron temp. 1330 deg.C. Calculating the total oxygen consumption V required by the converter according to the raw material conditions and the reference heatGeneral assembly＝3905m3。
(3) At the CMeterIn the range of 0.12 wt% to 0.16 wt%, according to Δ VMeter＝(4％～6％)*VGeneral assembly＝156m3～234m3Selecting Δ VMeter＝195m3Measuring to control actual oxygen blowing amount to reach VGeneral assembly-ΔVMeter＝3710m3The shot-shooting measurement is carried out.
(4) According to C measured by a measuring probeMeasuringDeviation from target carbon content C (0) of 0.128 wt% and measured molten steel temperature TMeasuringCalculating the deviation between 1628 ℃ and the target temperature T (0) to obtain the actual residual oxygen blowing amount delta VFruit of Chinese wolfberry＝132m3Will Δ VMeterCorrected to Δ VFruit of Chinese wolfberryThe supplementary blowing was carried out, and the final total oxygen blowing amount was recorded as 3842m3。
In step (4), according to CMeasuringΔ V (C) calculated from the deviation from C (0)min＝132m3，ΔV(C)max＝425m3According to TMeasuringΔ V (T) calculated from the deviation from T (0)Fruit of Chinese wolfberry＝62m3，ΔV(T)min＝7m3，ΔV(T)max＝117m3(ii) a With reference to figure 4 of the drawings,
condition 1: when Δ V (T)Fruit of Chinese wolfberryAnd Δ V (C)Fruit of Chinese wolfberryWhen there is an intersection of the ranges of (1), Δ VFruit of Chinese wolfberry＝ΔV(T)Fruit of Chinese wolfberry；
Condition 2: when Δ V (T)Fruit of Chinese wolfberry＞ΔV(C)maxWhen is Δ VFruit of Chinese wolfberry＝ΔV(T)min；
Condition 3: when Δ V (T)Fruit of Chinese wolfberry＜ΔV(C)minWhen is Δ VFruit of Chinese wolfberry＝ΔV(C)min；
The calculation result meets the condition 3, and the delta V is takenFruit of Chinese wolfberry＝ΔV(C)min＝132m3。
(5) Calculating molten steel T and C after oxygen blowing is finished;
T＝1645℃，C＝0.118％。
(6) calculating P according to the molten steel T;
Lp＝99.9，[P]＝0.018％。
(7) t, C and P meet the target requirements, and the blowing process is selected to be finished to carry out tapping operation.
(8) Tapping by the converter, sampling in the tapping process, sampling behind the converter to obtain C in the molten steel: 0.103 wt%, temperature T: 1642 ℃, P: 0.019 wt%. The deviation between C, T and P of the sample after the furnace and C, T and P of the process sample measured by the measuring probe are calculated and corrected to prepare for the next smelting.
(9) C, T and P obtained by sampling during tapping are used as reference standards for the next smelting, and the operations of the steps (1) to (8) are continued.
Through the operation, the final oxygen blowing time is 13.3min, the smelting period is 24.0min, and the period is shortened by 1.5min compared with the period of the normal smelting (comparative example 1).
Comparative example 1
The comparative example provides a conventional smelting method, the operation flow of which can be seen in figure 2, the furnace number is 91H200451, and the smelting steel grade is Q195. The specific smelting steps and parameters are as follows:
(1) confirming a target C value, a target T value and a target P value of a steelmaking end point according to the steel grade; in this example, the target temperature T of molten steel was 1645 ℃, the target C was 0.09 wt%, and the target P was 0.020 wt%, depending on the production conditions.
(2) The used steelmaking raw materials comprise 63.59t of molten iron, 14.12t of scrap steel, molten iron C: 4.31 wt%, Si: 0.32 wt%, Mn: 0.24 wt%, S: 0.027 wt%, P0.122wt%, molten iron temperature 1334 ℃. Calculating the total oxygen consumption V required by the converter according to the raw material conditions and the reference heatGeneral assembly＝3885m3。
(3) Blowing oxygen to 3885m by a converter3When the measuring probe is used, the bullet-throwing type sublance is started to measure according to C measured by the measuring probeMeasuring0.102 wt%, molten steel temperature TMeasuring＝1624℃。
(4) The temperature of the molten steel is lower than the lower limit of 1630 ℃, and the oxygen supplementing quantity is 115m3。
(5) Restarting the projectile-throwing type sublance for measurement according to C measured by the measuring probeMeasuring0.091 wt%, molten steel temperature TMeasuring＝1648℃。
(6) And T and C meet the target requirements, and the blowing process is selected to be finished to carry out tapping operation.
(7) Tapping by the converter, sampling in the tapping process, sampling behind the converter to obtain C in the molten steel: 0.065 wt%, temperature T: 1638 ℃, P: 0.018 wt%. The deviation between C, T and P of the sample after the furnace and C, T and P of the process sample measured by the measuring probe are calculated and corrected to prepare for the next smelting.
Through the operation, the final oxygen blowing time is 15.3min, and the smelting period is 25.5 min.
By comparing examples 1-3 with comparative example 1, it can be seen that the method for rapidly tapping steel based on the shot type sublance measurement can effectively shorten the smelting period and achieve rapid tapping under the condition of ensuring the steel-making quality.
More specifically, although exemplary embodiments of the invention have been described herein, the invention is not limited to these embodiments, but includes any and all embodiments modified, omitted, combined, e.g., between various embodiments, adapted and/or substituted, as would be recognized by those skilled in the art from the foregoing detailed description. The limitations in the claims are to be interpreted broadly based the language employed in the claims and not limited to examples described in the foregoing detailed description or during the prosecution of the application, which examples are to be construed as non-exclusive. Any steps recited in any method or process claims may be executed in any order and are not limited to the order presented in the claims. The scope of the invention should, therefore, be determined only by the appended claims and their legal equivalents, rather than by the descriptions and examples given above.
Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention belongs. In case of conflict, the present specification, including definitions, will control. When "oxygen content, oxygen blown amount, temperature, time, mass ratio, or other value or parameter is expressed as a range, preferred range, or as a range defined by a list of upper preferable values and lower preferable values, this is to be understood as specifically disclosing all ranges formed from any pair of any upper range limit or preferred value and any lower range limit or preferred value, regardless of whether ranges are separately disclosed. For example, a range of 1 to 50 should be understood to include any number, combination of numbers, or subrange selected from 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24, 25, 26, 27, 28, 29, 30, 31, 32, 33, 34, 35, 36, 37, 38, 39, 40, 41, 42, 43, 44, 45, 46, 47, 48, 49, or 50, and all fractional values between the above integers, e.g., 1.1, 1.2, 1.3, 1.4, 1.5, 1.6, 1.7, 1.8, and 1.9. With respect to sub-ranges, specifically consider "nested sub-ranges" that extend from any endpoint within the range. For example, nested sub-ranges of exemplary ranges 1-50 may include 1-10, 1-20, 1-30, and 1-40 in one direction, or 50-40, 50-30, 50-20, and 50-10 in another direction. ".

Claims (10)

1. A quick steel tapping method based on the measurement of a bullet-throwing type sublance is characterized in that oxygen is introduced to blow molten steel of a converter, a measuring probe of the bullet-throwing type sublance is thrown into the molten steel of the converter to measure C, T and P of the molten steel in the blowing process, and the measured residual carbon content C is used as the basisMeasuringDeviation from target carbon content C (0) and measured molten steel temperature TMeasuringCalculating the actual residual oxygen blowing amount delta V by the deviation from the target temperature T (0)Fruit of Chinese wolfberryThe actual residual oxygen blowing amount DeltaV is setFruit of Chinese wolfberryContinuously blowing the molten steel to complete converting, wherein the molten steel hits the end point C, T and the required range of P, and the tapping condition is met;
the throwing measurement time of the measuring probe in the smelting heat is as follows: when C is presentMeterWhen the content is in the range of 0.05 wt% to 0.18 wt%, the content is regulated by a formula delta VMeter＝VGeneral assembly*γ*ln[(CMeter-C(0))/(C(HM)-C(0))]Calculating Delta VMeterControlling the actual oxygen blowing amount to reach VGeneral assembly-ΔVMeterMeasuring is carried out; in the above formula,. DELTA.VMeterFor the calculated residual oxygen blowing amount, VGeneral assemblyTotal oxygen required for smelting heat, gamma is dynamic parameter, CMeterC (HM) is the carbon content of the molten iron of the smelting heat for calculating the residual carbon content.
2. The method for rapid tapping based on the shot-type sublance measurement according to claim 1, wherein C is measured for medium-carbon steel or low-carbon steelMeterAnd performing projectile shooting measurement when the weight is within the range of 0.15 wt% -0.16 wt%.
3. Method for rapid tapping based on a shotgun measurement according to claim 1, wherein Δ ν is measuredMeter/VGeneral assembly＝4％～6％。
4. The method for rapid tapping based on the shotgun type measurement according to claim 1, wherein γ is-0.26 to-0.24.
5. The quick tapping method based on the shot-type sublance measurement as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized by comprising the following specific operation steps:
(1) confirming a target C value, a target T value, a target P value and an upper limit C of a steelmaking end point according to steel gradesMaxLower limit of CMinUpper limit of TMaxLower limit of TMin；
(2) Calculating the total oxygen consumption V required by the converter according to the raw material conditions and the historical heat dataGeneral assembly；
(3) Calculating delta V according to historical reference heatMeter，ΔVMeter＝(4％～6％)*VGeneral assemblyFurther controlling the actual oxygen blowing amount to reach VGeneral assembly-ΔVMeterCarrying out projectile measurement;
(4) according to C measured by a measuring probeMeasuringWith a target carbon contentDeviation of C (0) and measured molten steel temperature TMeasuringCalculating the actual residual oxygen blowing amount delta V by the deviation from the target temperature T (0)Fruit of Chinese wolfberryWill Δ VMeterCorrected to Δ VFruit of Chinese wolfberryContinuously blowing oxygen until the blowing is finished;
(5) calculating molten steel T and C after oxygen blowing is finished;
(6) calculating P according to the molten steel T;
(7) t, C and P meet the target requirements, the blowing process is selected to be finished, and tapping operation is carried out;
(8) tapping the steel from the converter, sampling the steel during tapping, and calculating the deviation between C, T and P of a sample after the converter and C, T and P of a process sample measured by a measuring probe;
(9) c, T and P obtained by sampling during tapping are used as reference standards for the next smelting, and the operations of the steps (1) to (8) are continued.
6. The quick tapping method based on the shot-type sublance measurement as claimed in claim 5, characterized in that in said step (1), the target C value, the target T value and the target P value of the converter blowing end point are determined according to the steel grade composition requirements by taking the process standard or historical data as reference; the historical data includes C, T and P sampled during tapping of the smelting furnace before the smelting furnace.
7. The rapid steel tapping method based on the shot-type sublance measurement as claimed in claim 5, wherein in the step (2), the basic data of a plurality of heats of steel making are statistically classified, the basic oxygen blowing amount is determined according to the smelting parameters, and then the corresponding oxygen blowing amount change at the level of the smelting parameters of the heat is calculated based on the basic oxygen blowing amount of the reference heat by using an incremental model algorithm; the smelting parameters comprise one or more of molten iron weight, molten iron temperature, molten iron components, scrap steel weight, iron block weight, scrap steel temperature, lime consumption and dolomite consumption.
8. The rapid tapping method based on the shot-type sublance measurement as claimed in claim 7, wherein the number of the steelmaking furnace passes for which the basic data are statistically classified is 10 to 20.
9. The method for rapid tapping based on shotgun measurements according to claim 5, wherein in step (4), according to CMeasuringΔ V (C) calculated from the deviation from C (0)Fruit of Chinese wolfberry＝ΔV(C)min～ΔV(C)maxAccording to TMeasuringΔ V (T) calculated from the deviation from T (0)Fruit of Chinese wolfberry＝ΔV(T)min～ΔV(T)max；
When Δ V (C)Fruit of Chinese wolfberryAnd Δ V (T)Fruit of Chinese wolfberryWhen there is an intersection of the ranges of (1), Δ VFruit of Chinese wolfberry＝ΔV(T)Fruit of Chinese wolfberry；
When Δ V (T)Fruit of Chinese wolfberry＞ΔV(C)maxWhen is Δ VFruit of Chinese wolfberry＝ΔV(T)min；
When Δ V (T)Fruit of Chinese wolfberry＜ΔV(C)minWhen is Δ VFruit of Chinese wolfberry＝ΔV(C)min。
10. The rapid steel tapping method based on the shot-type sublance measurement as claimed in claim 5, characterized in that in the step (8), a slag receiving tank is added on the buggy ladle, slag is discharged while tapping, the converter directly taps after the converter, and the tapping simultaneously carries out slag dumping operation from the back of the converter, slag is left in the converter 1/2-2/3, the slag is splashed and protected directly, and scrap steel adding and iron adding operations are carried out, so that a new steelmaking oxygen-blown smelting process is restarted.
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