CN113831168A - Composting process of groove type pile turning machine - Google Patents
Composting process of groove type pile turning machine Download PDFInfo
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- CN113831168A CN113831168A CN202111355028.3A CN202111355028A CN113831168A CN 113831168 A CN113831168 A CN 113831168A CN 202111355028 A CN202111355028 A CN 202111355028A CN 113831168 A CN113831168 A CN 113831168A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
- C05F17/00—Preparation of fertilisers characterised by biological or biochemical treatment steps, e.g. composting or fermentation
- C05F17/20—Preparation of fertilisers characterised by biological or biochemical treatment steps, e.g. composting or fermentation using specific microorganisms or substances, e.g. enzymes, for activating or stimulating the treatment
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
- C05F17/00—Preparation of fertilisers characterised by biological or biochemical treatment steps, e.g. composting or fermentation
- C05F17/90—Apparatus therefor
- C05F17/964—Constructional parts, e.g. floors, covers or doors
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
- C05F17/00—Preparation of fertilisers characterised by biological or biochemical treatment steps, e.g. composting or fermentation
- C05F17/90—Apparatus therefor
- C05F17/964—Constructional parts, e.g. floors, covers or doors
- C05F17/971—Constructional parts, e.g. floors, covers or doors for feeding or discharging materials to be treated; for feeding or discharging other material
- C05F17/979—Constructional parts, e.g. floors, covers or doors for feeding or discharging materials to be treated; for feeding or discharging other material the other material being gaseous
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F26—DRYING
- F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
- F26B21/00—Arrangements or duct systems, e.g. in combination with pallet boxes, for supplying and controlling air or gases for drying solid materials or objects
- F26B21/004—Nozzle assemblies; Air knives; Air distributors; Blow boxes
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F26—DRYING
- F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
- F26B2200/00—Drying processes and machines for solid materials characterised by the specific requirements of the drying good
- F26B2200/12—Manure
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/40—Bio-organic fraction processing; Production of fertilisers from the organic fraction of waste or refuse
Abstract
The invention discloses a composting process of a trough type pile turning machine, which comprises the following steps: s1: pretreatment of raw materials: mixing the material and a conditioner in proportion, and controlling the water content, the carbon-nitrogen ratio, the carbon-phosphorus ratio and the acidity of the material to be proper indexes; s2: inoculating bacteria: uniformly adding a certain proportion of microbial inoculum into the mixed material; turning over the heap subassembly through the setting, when facing not unidimensional fermentation vat, can artifical visual inspection fermentation vat's width, the adjustment of adaptability is two sets of to turn over the interval between the heap subassembly, can be at formal during operation, make the interval between the stirring piece reduce, then realize the effect that adapts to not unidimensional fermentation vat, make this strong adaptability of turning over heap equipment, utilize No. three motors to drive the straight-teeth gear, mesh with the rack of both sides, thereby can realize the removal in opposite directions on two sets of walking chassis under the drive of a set of motor in step, when improving the efficiency of turning over heap subassembly adjustment, and can use manpower sparingly and cost.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of composting, in particular to a composting process of a groove type pile turning machine.
Background
The tank type composting is that the mixed raw materials are periodically sent to the front end of a fermentation tank through mechanical equipment, and the raw materials are displaced while being uniformly stirred through the operation of a pile turning machine.
The height and the width of the fermentation tank are flexible, and the fermentation tank generally has a width of 4-12 meters, a height of 1.2-1.8 meters and a length of 40-60 meters. The specification is mainly determined by site conditions, raw materials, auxiliary materials and the type of pile turning equipment. Common agricultural wastes mainly comprise livestock and poultry excrement, mushroom residues, straws, bran coats, garden crushed products, sawdust and the like, and the relative density of the materials is low.
The conventional turning equipment mainly comprises a turning wheel type turning machine and a chain plate type turning machine, the traditional turning wheel type turning machine mainly turns the compost through a turning wheel, and when fermentation tanks with different sizes face each other, the turning machine with the same model cannot be used for turning the fermentation tanks with different sizes due to the corresponding different sizes of the fermentation tanks with different sizes, so that the adaptability of the turning machine is low, the turning efficiency is influenced, and the cost of compost fermentation is increased to a certain extent; therefore, the composting process of the trough turner is provided for solving the problems.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to make up for the defects of the prior art, when fermentation tanks with different sizes are faced, due to the fact that the fermentation tanks with different sizes correspond to different sizes, the same type of pile turning machine cannot be used for turning the fermentation tanks with different sizes, so that the adaptability of the pile turning machine is low, the pile turning efficiency is affected, and the cost of compost fermentation is increased to a certain extent.
A composting process of a trough type pile turning machine comprises the following steps:
s1: pretreatment of raw materials: mixing the material and a conditioner in proportion, and controlling the water content, the carbon-nitrogen ratio, the carbon-phosphorus ratio and the acidity of the material to be proper indexes;
s2: inoculating bacteria: uniformly adding a certain proportion of microbial inoculum into the mixed material;
s3: entering a groove: conveying the fermented material into a fermentation tank by using a forklift or a conveyor belt;
s4: fermentation: turning and aerating by using turning equipment at regular time until the materials are thoroughly decomposed, and discharging the materials out of the tank.
Preferably, in S4, when the compost is turned and aerated by the turning device, the motor in the turning device is mainly used to drive the rotating disc to rotate, the paddle disc contacts the compost and drives the compost to be turned, and meanwhile, the compost is dried during the turning process; wherein leachate generated by the groove type composting is secondarily mixed with materials through a reflux groove or sprayed into the middle section of a fermentation tank, closed negative pressure is kept in a workshop, and a deodorizing device is prepared outside the workshop; the ratio of the aeration start-stop time is 1: 3-5; when the piled materials are positioned at the tail end of the groove, the measuring temperature is lower than 40 ℃, and when the moisture is lower than 40%, the materials are discharged for secondary aging.
Preferably, in S4, the pile turning device is composed of a walking frame, a drying assembly, a baffle and a pile turning assembly; the drying component is fixedly connected to the top of one side of the walking frame; the baffle is fixedly connected to the top of one side of the walking frame far away from the drying assembly; the pile turning assemblies are arranged in two groups, and the two groups of pile turning assemblies are respectively connected to two ends of the walking frame in a sliding manner; the pile turning assembly consists of a walking chassis, a first motor, a fixed support, a belt, a fixed seat, a rack and a stirring piece; the walking chassis is connected to two ends of the walking frame in a sliding manner; the fixed bracket is fixedly connected to the top of the walking chassis; the first motor is arranged at the top of the walking chassis and fixedly connected to the bottom of the fixed support; the belt is meshed and connected with the output end of the first motor; the fixed seat is arranged at one end of the walking chassis; the tail end of the rack is fixedly connected to the fixed seat; the stirring piece is arranged at the bottom of the walking frame; wherein when turning over a heap equipment during operation, carry out the stoving of certain degree by the stoving subassembly to the compost after turning over the heap, later under the effect of stirring spare for the continuous cover of compost can be then be on the in-process that turns over the heap subassembly displacement lasts and dry the compost after newly turning over the heap, the humidity of effectual control compost, and the baffle then is used for sheltering from the compost of turning over the heap in-process, avoids the compost to spill and fall in the place ahead of turning over a heap equipment and influence stoving effect.
Preferably, two ends of the walking frame are fixedly connected with four groups of first connecting seats correspondingly, and the tops of the two ends of the walking frame are provided with grooves; sliding rails are arranged on two sides of the groove; the middle part of the walking frame is provided with symmetrically arranged through grooves, and the middle part of the walking frame is provided with a second connecting seat corresponding to the position of the rack; a rotating shaft penetrates through the first connecting seat on one side, rollers are fixedly connected to two ends of the rotating shaft, and a first gear is fixedly connected to the middle of the rotating shaft; the middle part of the bottom surface of the walking frame is fixedly connected with a limiting seat; furthermore, the sliding rails arranged on the two sides of the groove are used for limiting the moving path of the walking chassis, so that the walking chassis can only slide on the fixed path, the running stability of the bottom turning assembly is kept, and the blocking is avoided.
Preferably, the drying component consists of a fan cover and a fan; the two groups of fans are symmetrically and fixedly connected to two ends of the walking frame; the two groups of the wind shields are correspondingly arranged and are respectively and fixedly connected with the air outlet of the fan; with the continuous advance of the equipment of turning over a heap, constantly have fresh compost to cover on initial compost, then can make fresh compost can receive the stoving of fan all the time to can control the humidity of compost.
Preferably, the walking chassis is slidably connected in the groove, and two ends of the walking chassis are respectively slidably connected in the sliding rails; the first gear is arranged in the through groove of the walking frame; the first gear arranged in the middle of the rotating shaft connected with the roller can synchronously rotate at two sides of the walking frame when the roller rotates.
Preferably, the stirring piece consists of a second gear, a first transmission shaft, a paddle disc and a second transmission shaft; the second gear is meshed with the bottoms of the belts at two ends; one end of the first transmission shaft is fixedly connected to the inner side of the corresponding second gear, and one end of the second transmission shaft is fixedly connected to the inner side of the corresponding second gear; the paddle disks are arranged in a plurality of groups, and the plurality of groups of paddle disks are fixedly connected with the first transmission shaft and the second transmission shaft; a movable cavity is formed in the second transmission shaft, and a spring is fixedly connected to the bottom of the movable cavity; the first transmission shaft is connected in the movable cavity in a sliding manner; one end of the second transmission shaft, which is far away from the second gear, rotates in the limiting seat; through setting up the baffle, shelter from this part compost to when it receives the oar dish pile turning and function, can collide on the baffle, and fall to the compost under the effect of gravity on, then receive the repeated pile turning operation of oar dish, until it pile turning to the rear of turning over the equipment of piling, and receive the stoving effect of stoving subassembly.
Preferably, a second motor is fixedly connected to the two sides of the walking frame corresponding to the first gear, and a third gear is fixedly connected to the output end of the second motor; the third gear is meshed with the first gear; therefore, when the second motor is started, the rotating shaft and the roller can be driven to rotate by the meshing of the third gear and the first gear, and then the purpose that the roller drives the walking frame to move is achieved.
Preferably, the top surface of the middle part of the walking frame is fixedly connected with a supporting disc, and the top of the supporting disc is fixedly connected with a third motor; the output end of the third motor penetrates through the supporting disc, and a straight gear is fixedly connected with the output end of the third motor; the straight gear is arranged inside the supporting disc and meshed with the racks on the two sides; the bottom of the straight gear is rotatably connected to the top of the walking frame; and starting the third motor, driving the straight gear to rotate by the third motor, and enabling the two groups of racks to move in the opposite direction or in the opposite direction after the straight gear rotates, namely realizing the opposite direction or the opposite direction of the two groups of walking chassis.
The invention has the advantages that:
1. according to the fermentation tank turning device, due to the arrangement of the turning assemblies, when fermentation tanks with different sizes face each other, the width of the fermentation tank can be manually checked visually, the distance between the two groups of turning assemblies can be adjusted adaptively, namely, the distance between the stirring pieces can be reduced during formal work, and then the fermentation tanks with different sizes can be adapted to, so that the adaptability of the turning device is strong, the three motors are used for driving the straight gears to be meshed with the racks on the two sides, the two groups of walking chassis can be synchronously moved oppositely under the driving of one group of motors, and the labor and the cost can be saved while the adjustment efficiency of the turning assemblies is improved.
2. According to the invention, by arranging the drying component, when the pile turning component turns the compost, the drying component is used for drying the turned fresh compost, and the turned fresh compost can continuously fall on the dried compost along with the continuous pile turning of the pile turning component, so that the drying component can continuously dry the fresh compost, the drying efficiency of the drying component is ensured, the humidity of the turned compost is controlled, and the fermentation of the compost is facilitated.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to these drawings without inventive exercise.
FIG. 1 is a flow diagram of a composting process of the invention;
FIG. 2 is a first perspective view of one embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a second perspective view of an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a third perspective view of an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a perspective view of a stirring member in one embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view of an agitation member in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a perspective view of a walking frame in one embodiment of the present invention.
In the figure: 1. a traveling frame; 11. a first connecting seat; 12. a groove; 13. a slide rail; 14. a through groove; 15. a second connecting seat; 16. a rotating shaft; 161. a roller; 162. a first gear; 17. a limiting seat; 2. a fan housing; 21. a fan; 3. a baffle plate; 4. a walking chassis; 41. a first motor; 42. fixing a bracket; 43. a belt; 44. a fixed seat; 45. a rack; 46. a second gear; 47. a first transmission shaft; 48. a paddle disk; 49. a second transmission shaft; 491. a movable cavity; 492. a spring; 5. a second motor; 51. a third gear; 6. a support disc; 61. a third motor; 62. a straight gear.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Referring to fig. 1-7, a composting process of a trough turner includes the following steps:
s1: pretreatment of raw materials: mixing the material and a conditioner in proportion, and controlling the water content, the carbon-nitrogen ratio, the carbon-phosphorus ratio and the acidity of the material to be proper indexes;
s2: inoculating bacteria: uniformly adding a certain proportion of microbial inoculum into the mixed material;
s3: entering a groove: conveying the fermented material into a fermentation tank by using a forklift or a conveyor belt;
s4: fermentation: turning and aerating by using turning equipment at regular time until the materials are thoroughly decomposed, and discharging the materials out of the tank.
In S4, when the compost is turned and aerated by the turning device, the motor in the turning device is mainly used to drive the rotating disc to rotate, the paddle disc contacts the compost and drives the compost to be turned, and the compost is simultaneously dried during the turning process; wherein leachate generated by the groove type compost is secondarily mixed with materials through a backflow groove or sprayed into the middle section of the fermentation tank, closed negative pressure is kept in a workshop, and a deodorizing device is required to be prepared outside the workshop.
Specifically, during raw material pretreatment, agricultural waste raw and auxiliary materials are required to be uniformly mixed according to a certain proportion, the water content of the mixed materials is 55-65%, the C/N is 25-35:1, the C/P is 30-60:1, and the pH value is 6.0-9.0; feeding materials uniformly as much as possible, wherein the pile turning frequency is 1 time/day, and the aeration start-stop time ratio is 1: 3-5; when the piled materials are positioned at the tail end of the groove, the measuring temperature is lower than 40 ℃, and when the moisture is lower than 40%, the materials are discharged for secondary aging.
As an embodiment of the present invention, in S4, the pile-turning device is composed of a traveling frame 1, a drying assembly, a baffle 3 and a pile-turning assembly; the drying component is fixedly connected to the top of one side of the walking frame 1; the baffle 3 is fixedly connected to the top of one side of the walking frame 1 far away from the drying assembly; the pile turning assemblies are arranged in two groups, and the two groups of pile turning assemblies are respectively connected to two ends of the walking frame 1 in a sliding manner; the turning assembly consists of a walking chassis 4, a first motor 41, a fixed support 42, a belt 43, a fixed seat 44, a rack 45 and a stirring piece; the walking chassis 4 is connected to two ends of the walking frame 1 in a sliding manner; the fixed bracket 42 is fixedly connected to the top of the walking chassis 4; the first motor 41 is arranged at the top of the walking chassis 4, and the first motor 41 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the fixed support 42; the belt 43 is connected to the output end of the first motor 41 in a meshed manner; the fixed seat 44 is arranged at one end of the walking chassis 4; the tail end of the rack 45 is fixedly connected to the fixed seat 44; the stirring piece is arranged at the bottom of the walking frame 1.
Particularly, when the pile turning device works, the distance between the two pile turning components can be properly adjusted according to the groove width, thereby the whole width of the stack turning component is adapted to the groove width, in particular to the stack turning component slides on the walking frame 1 through the walking chassis 4, so that the walking chassis 4 at the two ends can be close to or far away from each other, and when being noted, when the walking chassis 4 are close to or far away from each other, the rack 45 at one end of the walking chassis 4 and the stirring piece at the bottom of the walking chassis 4 move along with the movement of the walking chassis 4, and then when the walking chassis 4 at two ends are required to be close to or far away from each other, the walking chassis 4 can be driven to move only by driving the rack 45 to move, when the walking chassis 4 are close to each other, the stirring pieces approach each other, so that the distance between the two ends of the stirring pieces is reduced, and the function of adapting to different groove widths is realized; wherein when turning over a heap equipment during operation, carry out the stoving of certain degree by the stoving subassembly to the compost after turning over the heap, later under the effect of stirring spare for the continuous cover of compost can be then be on the in-process that turns over a heap subassembly displacement lasts and dry the compost after newly turning over the heap, the humidity of effectual control compost, and baffle 3 then is used for sheltering from the compost of turning over a heap in-process, avoids the compost to spill and fall in the place ahead of turning over a heap equipment and influence the stoving effect.
As an embodiment of the present invention, two ends of the walking frame 1 are fixedly connected with four groups of connection seats 11, and the tops of the two ends of the walking frame 1 are both provided with grooves 12; sliding rails 13 are arranged on two sides of the groove 12; the middle part of the walking frame 1 is provided with through grooves 14 which are symmetrically arranged, and the middle part of the walking frame 1 corresponding to the position of the rack 45 is provided with a second connecting seat 15; a rotating shaft 16 penetrates through the first connecting seat 11 on one side, rollers 161 are fixedly connected to two ends of the rotating shaft 16, and a first gear 162 is fixedly connected to the middle of the rotating shaft 16; the middle part of the bottom surface of the walking frame 1 is fixedly connected with a limiting seat 17.
Specifically, the removal of walking frame 1 utilizes gyro wheel 161 to roll at the top of fermentation vat, and the subassembly of piling of turning over of walking frame 1 bottom then is located the inside of fermentation vat, thereby can turn over the operation of piling to the compost in the fermentation vat at the in-process that walking frame 1 removed, the recess 12 that walking frame 1 top set up is used for supplying walking chassis 4 to slide, and further, it is spacing to the removal route of walking chassis 4 to utilize the slide rail 13 of seting up in recess 12 both sides, make the walking chassis slide on fixed route only, keep the operating stability of the subassembly of piling is turned over to the bottom, avoid blocking.
As an embodiment of the present invention, the drying assembly is composed of a fan housing 2 and a blower 21; two groups of fans 21 are arranged, and the two groups of fans 21 are symmetrically and fixedly connected to two ends of the walking frame 1; the two groups of the wind shields 2 are correspondingly arranged, and the two groups of the wind shields 2 are respectively and fixedly connected with an air outlet of the fan 21.
Specifically, when the heap subassembly turns over the compost when turning over the heap, the synchronous start of stoving subassembly, when the compost turns over to the rear of the equipment of turning over under the drive of stirring, the subassembly of drying this moment passes through fan 21 and fan housing 2, carry wind-force by fan housing 2 to the compost after the bottom is fresh to turn over the heap, along with the continuation of the equipment of turning over gos forward, constantly have fresh compost to cover on initial compost, then can make fresh compost can receive fan 21's stoving all the time, thereby can control the humidity of compost.
As an embodiment of the present invention, the traveling chassis 4 is slidably connected in the groove 12, and both ends of the traveling chassis 4 are slidably connected in the sliding rails 13, respectively; the first gear 162 is disposed in the through groove 14 of the traveling frame 1.
Specifically, the first gear 162 is disposed at the middle of the rotating shaft 16 connected to the roller 161, and can rotate synchronously at both sides of the traveling frame 1 when the roller 161 rotates.
As an embodiment of the invention, the stirring piece consists of a second gear 46, a first transmission shaft 47, a paddle disk 48 and a second transmission shaft 49; the second gear 46 is meshed with the bottoms of the belts 43 connected to the two ends; one end of the first transmission shaft 47 is fixedly connected to the inner side of the corresponding second gear 46, and one end of the second transmission shaft 49 is fixedly connected to the inner side of the corresponding second gear 46; the paddle disks 48 are arranged in a plurality of groups, and the plurality of groups of paddle disks 48 are fixedly connected with the first transmission shaft 47 and the second transmission shaft 49; an active cavity 491 is arranged inside the second transmission shaft 49, and a spring 492 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the active cavity 491; the first transmission shaft 47 is connected in the movable cavity 491 in a sliding way; one end of the second transmission shaft 49, which is far away from the second gear 46, rotates in the limiting seat 17.
Specifically, when the compost is turned over, a first motor 41 and a belt 43 arranged on a traveling chassis 4 drive a second gear 46 at the bottom to rotate, when the second gear 46 rotates, a first transmission shaft 47 and a second transmission shaft 49 combination positioned between the second gears 46 at two ends can rotate along with the first gear, and a paddle disk 48 positioned outside the first gear rotates due to the rotation of the first transmission shaft 47 and the second transmission shaft 49 combination, so that the first gear can be contacted with the compost at the bottom, the turning operation of the compost at the bottom is realized, when the paddle disk 48 drives the compost to turn over, the moving track of part of the compost is wider, at the moment, in order to avoid that part of the compost moves to the front of turning equipment, the part of the compost is shielded by arranging a baffle 3, so that the part of the compost can collide against the baffle 3 and fall onto the compost under the action of gravity when the paddle disk 48 turns over the compost, then the stack turning operation is repeated by the paddle disk 48 until the stack is turned to the rear of the stack turning device and is dried by the drying component.
As an embodiment of the present invention, a second motor 5 is fixedly connected to two sides of the traveling frame 1 corresponding to the first gear 162, and a third gear 51 is fixedly connected to an output end of the second motor 5; the third gear 51 is meshed with the first gear 162.
Specifically, No. two motors 5 located at the top of the walking frame 1 drive the No. three gears 51 to rotate, and since the No. three gears 51 are meshed with the No. one gear 162, when the No. two motors 5 are started, the No. three gears 51 are meshed with the No. one gear 162 to drive the rotating shaft 16 and the roller 161 to rotate, so that the purpose of driving the walking frame 1 to move by the roller 161 is achieved.
As an embodiment of the present invention, a supporting disc 6 is fixedly connected to the top surface of the middle portion of the traveling frame 1, and a third motor 61 is fixedly connected to the top of the supporting disc 6; the output end of the third motor 61 penetrates through the support disc 6, and a straight gear 62 is fixedly connected with the output end of the third motor 61; the straight gear 62 is arranged inside the supporting disc 6, and the straight gear 62 is meshed with the racks 45 on two sides; the bottom of the spur gear 62 is rotatably connected to the top of the walking frame 1.
Specifically, the supporting disc 6 at the top of the walking frame 1 is mainly used for supporting the third motor 61, the straight gear 62 connected to the bottom of the third motor 61 is mainly used for meshing with the two sets of racks 45 and driving the two sets of racks 45 to move in the opposite direction or move in the opposite direction, the third motor 61 is started, the third motor 61 drives the straight gear 62 to rotate, and after the straight gear 62 rotates, the two sets of racks 45 move in the opposite direction or in the opposite direction, namely, the two sets of walking chassis 4 move in the opposite direction or in the opposite direction.
The working principle is as follows: the traditional pile turning equipment cannot be adjusted in a self-adaptive manner according to the groove width when in use, so that the use of the pile turning equipment has obvious limitation;
when the pile turning device is used, firstly, the whole pile turning device is integrally placed at the top of a fermentation tank, the rollers 161 are matched with the fixed rollers 161 and the walking frame 1 of the rotating shaft 16 through the contact of the rollers 161 and the top of the fermentation tank, the support of the pile turning component is realized, when the pile turning device works, the distance between the two pile turning components is properly adjusted according to the tank width, so that the whole width of the pile turning component can adapt to the tank width, the pile turning component slides on the walking frame 1 through the walking chassis 4, the walking chassis 4 at two ends can be close to or away from each other, when the walking chassis 4 is close to or away from each other, the rack 45 at one end of the walking chassis 4 and the stirring piece at the bottom of the walking chassis 4 move along with the movement of the walking chassis 4, then, when the walking chassis 4 at two ends need to be close to or away from each other, the driving of the rack 45 can be driven to move the walking chassis 4, when the traveling chassis 4 are close to each other, the stirring pieces are close to each other, so that the distance between two ends of each stirring piece is reduced, and the function of adapting to different groove widths is realized, namely, the third motor 61 is started, the third motor 61 drives the straight gear 62 to rotate, and after the straight gear 62 rotates, the two groups of racks 45 move in the opposite direction or in the opposite direction, namely, the two groups of traveling chassis 4 move in the opposite direction or in the opposite direction; in order to adapt to a fermentation tank with smaller tank width, the third motor 61 drives the racks 45 to move oppositely, so that the walking chassis 4 is close to each other, the distance between the bottom stirring pieces can be changed, and then the tank width is adapted, and when the composting equipment adapts to the tank width, formal work can be started; the third gear 51 is driven to rotate by the second motor 5 positioned at the top of the walking frame 1, and the third gear 51 is meshed with the first gear 162, so that when the second motor 5 is started, the rotating shaft 16 and the roller 161 can be driven to rotate by the meshing of the third gear 51 and the first gear 162, and the purpose that the roller 161 drives the walking frame 1 to move is achieved;
when the pile turning equipment works, the first motor 41 and the belt 43 arranged on the walking chassis 4 drive the second gear 46 at the bottom to rotate, when the second gear 46 rotates, the combination of the first transmission shaft 47 and the second transmission shaft 49 positioned between the second gears 46 at two ends can rotate along with the first gear, and the combination of the first transmission shaft 47 and the second transmission shaft 49 rotates, the paddle disk 48 positioned at the outer side of the combination rotates, so that the combination can be contacted with the compost at the bottom and the pile turning operation of the compost at the bottom is realized, when the paddle disk 48 drives the compost to turn the pile, the moving track of partial compost is wider, at the moment, in order to avoid moving part of the compost to the front of the pile turning equipment, the part of the compost is shielded by arranging the baffle 3, so that the part of the compost can collide on the baffle 3 when the pile turning equipment is subjected to the pile turning action of the paddle disk 48, and falls onto the compost under the action of gravity and is subjected to the repeated pile turning operation of the paddle disk 48, until the pile is turned to the rear of the pile turning device and is dried by the drying component;
wherein the drying assembly carries out the stoving of certain degree to the compost after turning over the heap, when turning over the heap subassembly to the compost promptly, the synchronous start of drying assembly, when the compost is turned over to the rear of turning over the equipment under the drive of stirring, the drying assembly passes through fan 21 and fan housing 2 this moment, carry wind-force to the compost after the fresh heap of turning over of bottom by fan housing 2 on, along with the continuation of the equipment that turns over gos forward, constantly there is fresh compost to cover on initial compost, then can make fresh compost can receive fan 21's stoving all the time, thereby can control the humidity of compost.
In the description herein, references to the description of "one embodiment," "an example," "a specific example" or the like are intended to mean that a particular feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the invention. In this specification, the schematic representations of the terms used above do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples.
The foregoing shows and describes the general principles, essential features, and advantages of the invention. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the embodiments described above, which are described in the specification and illustrated only to illustrate the principle of the present invention, but that various changes and modifications may be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, which fall within the scope of the invention as claimed.
Claims (9)
1. A composting process of a trough type pile turning machine is characterized in that: the process method comprises the following steps:
s1: pretreatment of raw materials: mixing the material and a conditioner in proportion, and controlling the water content, the carbon-nitrogen ratio, the carbon-phosphorus ratio and the acidity of the material to be proper indexes;
s2: inoculating bacteria: uniformly adding a certain proportion of microbial inoculum into the mixed material;
s3: entering a groove: conveying the fermented material into a fermentation tank by using a forklift or a conveyor belt;
s4: fermentation: turning and aerating by using turning equipment at regular time until the materials are thoroughly decomposed, and discharging the materials out of the tank.
2. A composting process in a trough turner as claimed in claim 1, characterised in that: in the step S4, when the compost is turned and aerated by the turning device, the motor in the turning device is mainly used to drive the turntable to rotate, the paddle disk contacts with the compost and drives the compost to be turned and stirred, and the compost is simultaneously dried in the turning process; wherein leachate generated by the groove type compost is secondarily mixed with materials through a backflow groove or sprayed into the middle section of the fermentation tank, closed negative pressure is kept in a workshop, and a deodorizing device is required to be prepared outside the workshop.
3. A composting process in a trough turner as claimed in claim 2, characterised in that: in the step S4, the pile turning device consists of a walking frame (1), a drying assembly, a baffle (3) and a pile turning assembly; the drying component is fixedly connected to the top of one side of the walking frame (1); the baffle (3) is fixedly connected to the top of one side of the walking frame (1) far away from the drying assembly; the two pile turning assemblies are arranged and are respectively connected to two ends of the walking frame (1) in a sliding manner;
the pile turning assembly consists of a walking chassis (4), a first motor (41), a fixed support (42), a belt (43), a fixed seat (44), a rack (45) and a stirring piece; the walking chassis (4) is connected to two ends of the walking frame (1) in a sliding manner; the fixed bracket (42) is fixedly connected to the top of the walking chassis (4); the first motor (41) is arranged at the top of the walking chassis (4), and the first motor (41) is fixedly connected to the bottom of the fixed support (42); the belt (43) is connected to the output end of the first motor (41) in a meshed manner; the fixed seat (44) is arranged at one end of the walking chassis (4); the tail end of the rack (45) is fixedly connected to the fixed seat (44); the stirring piece is arranged at the bottom of the walking frame (1).
4. A composting process in a trough turner as claimed in claim 3, characterised in that: two ends of the walking frame (1) are correspondingly and fixedly connected with four groups of first connecting seats (11), and the tops of two ends of the walking frame (1) are provided with grooves (12); sliding rails (13) are arranged on two sides of the groove (12); the middle part of the walking frame (1) is provided with through grooves (14) which are symmetrically arranged, and the middle part of the walking frame (1) is provided with a second connecting seat (15) corresponding to the position of the rack (45); a rotating shaft (16) penetrates through the first connecting seat (11) on one side, two ends of the rotating shaft (16) are fixedly connected with rollers (161), and the middle part of the rotating shaft (16) is fixedly connected with a first gear (162); the middle part of the bottom surface of the walking frame (1) is fixedly connected with a limiting seat (17).
5. A composting process in a trough turner as claimed in claim 4, characterised in that: the drying component consists of a fan cover (2) and a fan (21); the two groups of fans (21) are arranged, and the two groups of fans (21) are symmetrically and fixedly connected to two ends of the walking frame (1); the fan housings (2) are correspondingly arranged in two groups, and the two groups of fan housings (2) are respectively and fixedly connected with the air outlet of the fan (21).
6. A composting process in a trough turner as claimed in claim 5, characterised in that: the walking chassis (4) is connected in the groove (12) in a sliding manner, and two ends of the walking chassis (4) are respectively connected in the sliding rail (13) in a sliding manner; the first gear (162) is arranged in the through groove (14) of the walking frame (1).
7. A composting process in a trough turner as claimed in claim 6, characterised in that: the stirring piece consists of a second gear (46), a first transmission shaft (47), a paddle disc (48) and a second transmission shaft (49); the second gear (46) is meshed with the bottoms of the belts (43) at two ends; one end of the first transmission shaft (47) is fixedly connected to the inner side of the corresponding second gear (46), and one end of the second transmission shaft (49) is fixedly connected to the inner side of the corresponding second gear (46); the paddle disks (48) are provided with a plurality of groups, and the plurality of groups of paddle disks (48) are fixedly connected with the first transmission shaft (47) and the second transmission shaft (49); a movable cavity (491) is arranged inside the second transmission shaft (49), and the bottom of the movable cavity (491) is fixedly connected with a spring (492); the first transmission shaft (47) is connected in the movable cavity (491) in a sliding way; one end of the second transmission shaft (49), which is far away from the second gear (46), rotates in the limiting seat (17).
8. A composting process in a trough turner as claimed in claim 7, characterised in that: a second motor (5) is fixedly connected to the positions, corresponding to the first gear (162), of the two sides of the walking frame (1), and a third gear (51) is fixedly connected to the output end of the second motor (5); the third gear (51) is meshed with the first gear (162).
9. A composting process in a trough turner as claimed in claim 8, characterised in that: a supporting disc (6) is fixedly connected to the top surface of the middle part of the walking frame (1), and a third motor (61) is fixedly connected to the top of the supporting disc (6); the output end of the third motor (61) penetrates through the supporting disc (6), and a straight gear (62) is fixedly connected with the output end of the third motor (61); the straight gear (62) is arranged inside the supporting disc (6), and the straight gear (62) is meshed with the racks (45) on the two sides; the bottom of the straight gear (62) is rotatably connected to the top of the walking frame (1).
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| CN202111355028.3A CN113831168A (en) | 2021-11-16 | 2021-11-16 | Composting process of groove type pile turning machine |
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| CN202111355028.3A CN113831168A (en) | 2021-11-16 | 2021-11-16 | Composting process of groove type pile turning machine |
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Cited By (1)
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN114804938A (en) * | 2022-05-18 | 2022-07-29 | 王勇 | Green organic fertilizer and preparation process thereof |
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