CN113820357A - Material thermodynamic parameter measuring equipment and measuring method - Google Patents
Material thermodynamic parameter measuring equipment and measuring method Download PDFInfo
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- CN113820357A CN113820357A CN202111386708.1A CN202111386708A CN113820357A CN 113820357 A CN113820357 A CN 113820357A CN 202111386708 A CN202111386708 A CN 202111386708A CN 113820357 A CN113820357 A CN 113820357A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a material thermodynamic parameter measuring device and a measuring method, comprising a box body, a sample container, a heating device, a first sensor, a second sensor and a collecting device, wherein the box body can be insulated to form an insulating space; the sample container is arranged in the heat insulation space; the heating device is arranged in the heat insulation space and is suitable for heating the test sample; a first sensor disposed within the sample container, the first sensor adapted to monitor a temperature of the test sample and generate a first temperature signal; a second sensor adapted to thermally insulate the space, the second sensor adapted to monitor a temperature of the thermally insulated space and generate a second temperature signal; the heating device, the first sensor and the second sensor are electrically connected with the acquisition device, and the acquisition device is suitable for acquiring the voltage of the heating device, the current of the heating device, the first temperature signal and the second temperature signal and recording time information. The material thermodynamic parameter measuring equipment disclosed by the invention is simple to operate, short in measuring time and high in measuring precision.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of material thermodynamic parameter measurement, in particular to material thermodynamic parameter measurement equipment and a measurement method using the same.
Background
A fuel cell is a chemical device that directly converts chemical energy of fuel into electrical energy, and the fuel cell generates heat during operation, and in order to better understand the operating characteristics of the fuel cell, it is necessary to measure thermodynamic parameters such as specific heat capacity and phase transition enthalpy of materials in the fuel cell. In the related technology, thermodynamic parameters are mainly researched and measured through differential scanning calorimetry, and the measuring method is mainly used for laboratory tests and has the problems of complex operation, long time consumption and large measuring error.
Disclosure of Invention
The present invention is directed to solving, at least to some extent, one of the technical problems in the related art.
Therefore, the embodiment of the invention provides the material thermodynamic parameter measuring equipment which is simple to operate, short in measuring time and high in measuring precision.
The embodiment of the invention also provides a material thermodynamic parameter measuring method applying the measuring equipment.
The material thermodynamic parameter measuring device of the embodiment of the invention comprises: a box body, the box body being thermally insulated so as to be adapted to form a thermally insulated space within the box body; a sample container disposed at a central position of the insulating space, the sample container being adapted to hold a test sample; the heating device is arranged in the heat insulation space and is suitable for heating the test sample; a first sensor disposed within the sample container, the first sensor adapted to monitor a temperature of the test sample and generate a first temperature signal; the second sensor is arranged in the middle of the heat insulation space and is suitable for monitoring the temperature of the heat insulation space and generating a second temperature signal; the collecting device is suitable for collecting the voltage of the heating device, the current of the heating device, the first temperature signal and the second temperature signal and recording time information.
The material thermodynamic parameter measuring equipment provided by the embodiment of the invention is simple to operate, short in measuring time and high in measuring precision.
In some embodiments, the heating device includes a heating wire wound around an outer circumferential side of the sample container, the heating wire being adapted to heat the test sample inside the sample container.
In some embodiments, the material thermodynamic parameter measurement device comprises a power source electrically connected with the heating device, the first sensor, the second sensor and the acquisition device, wherein the power source is suitable for supplying power.
In some embodiments, the power supply is a constant voltage power supply or a constant current power supply or a constant power supply.
In some embodiments, the material thermodynamic parameter measurement device includes a connector, one end of the connector is connected to the sample container, the other end of the connector is connected to the box, and the connector is adapted to fix the sample container in the insulating space.
In some embodiments, the material thermodynamic parameter measurement device comprises a processing device electrically connected to the collection device, the processing device adapted to receive the voltage of the heating device, the current of the heating device, the first temperature signal, the second temperature signal, the time information to calculate the solid-state specific heat capacity and/or the solid-liquid phase-change enthalpy and/or the liquid-state specific heat capacity of the test sample.
The method for measuring thermodynamic parameters of materials comprises the following steps:
placing a standard sample in a sample container, operating the equipment and collecting the measurement parameters of the standard sample;
calculating the overall environment heat absorption coefficient k through the measurement parameters of the standard samplee；
Placing a test sample in a sample container, operating the equipment and collecting measurement parameters of the test sample;
passing the measured parameter of the test sample and the overall environmental endothermic coefficient keCalculating thermodynamic parameters of the test sample.
In some embodiments, the overall ambient heat absorption coefficient keObtained by the following formula:
in the formula: q0Total input heat; qeAbsorbing heat for the whole environment; q1Absorbing heat for the standard sample; c. CeThe equivalent specific heat capacity of the whole environment; m iseThe quality is equivalent to the whole environment; k is a radical ofeThe overall environmental heat absorption coefficient; Δ TeThe overall environmental temperature change value; c. C1Is the specific heat capacity of a standard sample; m is1Is the standard sample mass; Δ T1Is the temperature change value of the standard sample; u is the input voltage of the heating device; i is heatingThe device inputs current; t is t0Is the test start time; t is t1Is the test termination time.
In some embodiments, the thermodynamic parameters include a solid specific heat capacity and a liquid specific heat capacity, the solid specific heat capacity and the liquid specific heat capacity being obtained by the following equations:
in the formula: c. CpThe specific heat capacity of the test sample is measured; q0Total input heat; qeAbsorbing heat for the whole environment; m ispTo test sample quality; Δ TpThe temperature change value of the test sample is obtained; t is txIs the test start time; t is tyIs the test termination time; k is a radical ofeThe overall environmental heat absorption coefficient; Δ TeThe overall environmental temperature change value; u is the input voltage of the heating device; i is the input current of the heating device.
In some embodiments, the thermodynamic parameter comprises a solid-liquid phase change enthalpy, the solid-liquid phase change enthalpy obtained by the formula:
in the formula: Δ H is the solid-liquid phase change enthalpy; q0Total input heat; qeAbsorbing heat for the whole environment; m ispTo test sample quality; t is txIs the test start time; t is tyIs the test termination time; k is a radical ofeThe overall environmental heat absorption coefficient; Δ TeThe overall environmental temperature change value; u is the input voltage of the heating device; i is the input current of the heating device.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic view of the overall structure of a material thermodynamic parameter measuring apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of a standard sample test of the thermodynamic parameter measurement device for the material in fig. 1.
Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of a test sample of the thermodynamic parameter measurement device for the material of fig. 1.
FIG. 4 is a schematic temperature time curve of the test sample.
Reference numerals:
a box body 1; a sample container 2; a first sensor 3; a heating device 4; a second sensor 5; a collecting device 6; a power supply 7; a standard sample 8; sample 9 was tested.
Detailed Description
Reference will now be made in detail to embodiments of the present invention, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings. The embodiments described below with reference to the drawings are illustrative and intended to be illustrative of the invention and are not to be construed as limiting the invention.
As shown in fig. 1 to 3, the material thermodynamic parameter measuring apparatus according to the embodiment of the present invention includes a case 1, a sample container 2, a heating device 4, a first sensor 3, a second sensor 5, and a collection device 6.
The tank 1 may be thermally insulated so as to be suitable for forming a thermally insulating space within the tank 1. As shown in fig. 1, the box 1 may be a square box, and the box 1 may be formed by a heat insulating material, so that the inner space of the box 1 may form a heat insulating space, thereby preventing the external environment from affecting the test.
A sample container 2 is provided in the middle position of the insulating space, the sample container 2 being adapted to receive a test sample 9. The sample container 2 may be mounted in an insulated space of the cabinet 1, for example, the sample container 2 may be suspended in the insulated space. The top of the sample holder 2 may be open and a test sample 9 may be placed into the sample holder 2 during testing.
A heating device 4 is provided in the insulating space, the heating device 4 being adapted to heat the test specimen 9. The heating device 4 can be an electric heating device or a radiation heating device, and the heating device 4 can heat the test sample 9 so as to provide heat energy for the test.
A first sensor 3 is arranged in the sample container 2, the first sensor 3 being adapted to monitor the temperature of the test sample 9 and to generate a first temperature signal, a second sensor 5 being arranged in a central position in the insulating space, the second sensor 5 being adapted to monitor the temperature in the insulating space and to generate a second temperature signal.
As shown in fig. 1, the first sensor 3 and the second sensor 5 may both be temperature sensors, and the first sensor 3 and the second sensor 5 may be suspended in the box 1, wherein the first sensor 3 may protrude into the sample container 2 from the top opening of the sample container 2, so that the first sensor 3 is in contact with the test sample 9, thereby facilitating direct measurement of the temperature of the test sample 9. The second sensor 5 is located outside the sample container 2, and during the test process, the second sensor 5 can measure the temperature of the heat insulation space, so that the monitoring of the overall environment temperature is realized.
The heating device 4, the first sensor 3 and the second sensor 5 are electrically connected with the acquisition device 6, and the acquisition device 6 is suitable for acquiring the voltage of the heating device 4, the current of the heating device 4, the first temperature signal and the second temperature signal and recording time information. The collecting device 6 can be a signal collector, in the testing process, the collecting device 6 can receive the voltage and the current of the heating device 4, the first temperature signal, the second temperature signal and the time information in real time, and thermodynamic parameters of the testing sample 9 can be calculated through the information, wherein the thermodynamic parameters can be specific heat capacity and the like.
The material thermodynamic parameter measuring equipment provided by the embodiment of the invention has no requirement on the form of a sample during testing, and more samples can be tested in one test, so that the problems that less samples are selected and accidental errors are easily caused in the related technology are solved, and the accuracy and precision of measurement are improved. Because the second sensor 5 monitors in the heat insulation space, all objects except the sample are regarded as the whole environment, the influence of the whole environment can be directly deducted during calculation, the influence of the environment on the test result is simplified, and the accuracy of measurement is further improved.
In addition, the measuring equipment provided by the embodiment of the invention has a simple structure, is convenient to operate, can directly carry out measurement, does not need equipment preheating, is short in measuring time, can realize quick feedback of measurement, and improves the convenience of measurement.
In some embodiments, the heating device 4 comprises a heating wire wound around the outer circumference of the sample container 2, the heating wire being adapted to heat the test sample 9 inside the sample container 2. Specifically, as shown in fig. 1, a heating wire may be spirally wound on the outer circumferential side of the sample container 2 and heating the test sample 9 is achieved by means of thermal conduction. Thereby, the fixed mounting of the heating device 4 is facilitated.
Preferably, the heating wire is spirally wound around the outer circumferential side of the sample container 2. From this, can make the heater strip equipartition at the periphery side of sample container 2 for sample container 2 can thermally equivalent, is favorable to improving measurement accuracy.
In some embodiments, the material thermodynamic parameter measuring device comprises a power source 7, the power source 7 is electrically connected with the heating device 4, the first sensor 3, the second sensor 5 and the acquisition device 6, and the power source 7 is suitable for supplying power.
In some embodiments, the power supply 7 is a constant voltage power supply or a constant current power supply or a constant power supply.
In some embodiments, the material thermodynamic parameter measurement device comprises a connector (not shown) having one end connected to the sample container 2 and the other end connected to the box 1, the connector being adapted to secure the sample container 2 within the insulating space. Specifically, the connecting piece can be a thin steel column, one end of the connecting piece is connected with the sample container 2, the other end of the connecting piece is connected with the box body 1, and the sample container 2 is fixedly installed under the supporting effect of the connecting piece.
Preferably, the connecting piece can be made of heat insulating materials, so that heat loss can be reduced, and the measuring accuracy is improved.
In some embodiments, the collecting device 6 is arranged above the box body 1, and the first sensor 3 and the second sensor 5 are connected with the collecting device 6 and suspended in the box body 1. As shown in fig. 1, the collecting device 6 is disposed right above the box 1, and the first sensor 3 and the second sensor 5 can be suspended in the box 1 through wires, so that the components in the box 1 can be simplified, the heat loss can be reduced, and the measurement accuracy can be improved.
In some embodiments, the case 1 has a height dimension and a length dimension, the first sensor 3 is located at a position of one-half of the height dimension, the second sensor 5 is located at a position of one-half of the height dimension, and the first sensor 3 and the second sensor 5 trisect the length dimension.
Specifically, as shown in fig. 1, the box 1 may be a rectangular box, the height of the box 1 is the size of the box 1 in the up-down direction, and the length of the box 1 is the size of the box 1 in the left-right direction. The first sensor 3 and the second sensor 5 are both suspended at the half position of the height of the box body, the first sensor 3 and the second sensor 5 are arranged at intervals along the left-right direction, and the distance between the first sensor 3 and the left box wall of the box body 1, the distance between the first sensor 3 and the second sensor 5 and the distance between the second sensor 5 and the right box wall of the box body 1 are all substantially equal, so that the anisotropy of the azimuth can be reduced, and the measurement precision is improved.
In some embodiments, the material thermodynamic parameter measurement device comprises a processing device electrically connected to the collection device 6, the processing device being adapted to receive the voltage of the heating device 4, the current of the heating device 4, the first temperature signal, the second temperature signal, and the time information to calculate the solid-state specific heat capacity and/or the solid-liquid phase-change enthalpy and/or the liquid-state specific heat capacity of the test sample 9.
In particular, the processing means may be a processor, which may be independent of the acquisition means 6 or integrated with the acquisition means 6. The thermodynamic formula can be input into the processing device in advance, the data acquired by the acquisition device 6 can be directly transmitted to the processing device, and then the calculation of the solid specific heat capacity, the solid-liquid phase change enthalpy and the liquid specific heat capacity of the test sample 9 can be realized through the calculation of the corresponding time period. It will be appreciated that in other embodiments, the calculation may be performed manually.
The method for measuring thermodynamic parameters of materials according to the embodiment of the present invention is described below.
The method for measuring thermodynamic parameters of materials comprises the following steps:
s1: the standard sample 8 is placed in the sample container 2, the apparatus is operated and the measured parameters of the standard sample 8 are collected. As shown in fig. 2, a standard sample 8 may be placed in the sample container 2, and the standard sample 8 may be paraffin, polyethylene glycol, or other substances with known phase transition functions.
Preferably, the standard sample 8 is an inorganic hydrated salt, such as sodium sulfate decahydrate or the like.
The measurement parameters include a voltage of the heating device 4, a current of the heating device 4, a first temperature signal, a second temperature signal, time information, and the like.
Treat standard sample 8 and place the completion after, can the operation equipment, in the operation process, heating device 4 can heat standard sample 8 in the sample container 2, first sensor 3 can be real-time monitors standard sample 8's temperature, second sensor 5 can be real-time monitors the temperature in the adiabatic space, the information of monitoring can be transmitted to collection device 6 department, and simultaneously, heating device 4 real-time voltage and electric current also are transmitted to collection device 6 department, corresponding time information also can be transmitted to collection device 6 department.
S2: calculating the overall environment heat absorption coefficient k through the measurement parameters of the standard sample 8e。
Overall ambient heat absorption coefficient keObtained by the following formula:
in the formula: q0Total input heat; qeAbsorbing heat for the whole environment; q1Absorbing heat for the standard sample; c. CeThe equivalent specific heat capacity of the whole environment; m iseThe quality is equivalent to the whole environment; k is a radical ofeThe overall environmental heat absorption coefficient; Δ TeThe overall environmental temperature change value; c. C1Is the specific heat capacity of a standard sample; m is1Is the standard sample mass; Δ T1The temperature change value of the standard sample 8 is obtained; u is the input voltage of the heating device 4; i is the input current of the heating device 4; t is t0Is the test start time; t is t1Is the test termination time.
S3: the test specimen 9 is placed in the specimen container 2, the apparatus is operated and the measured parameters of the test specimen 9 are collected. Specifically, as shown in fig. 3, the test sample 9 may be placed in the sample container 2, and the measurement process of the test sample 9 may be the same as the test process of the standard sample 8 in step S1, and will not be described herein.
S4: measured parameters and overall environmental heat absorption coefficient k of the passing test sample 9eThermodynamic parameters of test sample 9 were calculated.
Specifically, the thermodynamic parameters may include a solid specific heat capacity, a solid-liquid phase change enthalpy and a liquid specific heat capacity, and in the calculation, only one of the solid specific heat capacity, the solid-liquid phase change enthalpy and the liquid specific heat capacity may be calculated, or at least two of them may be calculated.
The solid specific heat capacity and the liquid specific heat capacity are obtained by the following formulas:
in the formula: c. CpTest sample 9 specific heat capacity; q0Total input heat; qeAbsorbing heat for the whole environment; m ispTo test sample 9 mass; Δ TpThe temperature change value of the test sample 9 is obtained; t is txIs the test start time; t is tyIs the test termination time; k is a radical ofeThe overall environmental heat absorption coefficient; Δ TeThe overall environmental temperature change value; u is the input voltage of the heating device 4; i is the current input to the heating means 4.
Specifically, as shown in FIG. 4, the power supply 7 inputs heat during the time t1-t2
The unit J;
ambient endotherm at t1-t2
Unit J, wherein keThe overall environment heat absorption coefficient is obtained for the previous step;
the solid-state specific heat capacity calculation of the test sample 9 can be substituted into the formula
All quantities in this calculation can be recorded by the acquisition device 6 in J/(. degree. C. g) unitsAnd (5) recording.
Specifically, as shown in FIG. 4, the time t3-t4 corresponds to the liquid specific heat capacity cp of test sample 92. Liquid specific heat capacity cp of sample2Method of calculating the solid-state specific heat capacity of the above-mentioned test sample 9 is the same, and will not be described in detail herein.
Liquid specific heat capacity of sample
All quantities in this calculation are recorded by the acquisition device 6 in units J/(° c · g).
The solid-liquid phase change enthalpy can be obtained by the following formula:
in the formula: Δ H is the solid-liquid phase change enthalpy; q0Total input heat; qeAbsorbing heat for the whole environment; m ispTo test sample 9 mass; t is txIs the test start time; t is tyIs the test termination time; k is a radical ofeThe overall environmental heat absorption coefficient; Δ TeThe overall environmental temperature change value; u is the input voltage of the heating device 4; i is the current input to the heating means 4.
Specifically, the time t2-t3 corresponds to the solid-liquid phase change enthalpy Δ H of the test sample 9. the solid-liquid phase change enthalpy H of the sample is calculated within the time t2-t3, and the constant temperature process has the following relations: enthalpy of solid-liquid phase change of sample
Wherein Q ispIs the heat absorbed by the sample during the phase change process, unit J; heat absorption in phase change process
Wherein
For the total heat input by the power supply 7 during time t2-t3,
absorbing total heat for the environment from time t2-t 3;
enthalpy of phase change of sample
All data in the calculation formula can be acquired by the acquisition device 6.
The following describes a first embodiment of the present invention.
The method comprises the steps of constructing a testing device by taking a constant-current power supply, an adiabatic box, a temperature sensor, a signal receiver and the like as parts, wherein the specific equipment structure is shown in figure 1, calibrating and calculating an integral environment heat absorption coefficient ke by using a known specific heat capacity standard sample 8, testing paraffin with known specific heat capacity and phase change enthalpy, testing the solid specific heat capacity, the liquid specific heat capacity and the solid-liquid phase change enthalpy of the paraffin, averaging for 5 times, measuring for 33min in a single measurement time, and comparing the sampling quantity with standard data, wherein the error of the solid specific heat capacity, the error of the liquid specific heat capacity and the error of the phase change enthalpy are found to be 4.8%, 4.1% and 3.6% respectively; the same sample test is carried out by a PerkinElmer DSC8000 model of America DSC, the sampling amount of a single test is 6mg, the test time of phase change enthalpy (including startup and shutdown) is 150min, and the test error is 1.3%.
The following describes a second embodiment of the present invention.
The method comprises the steps of constructing a testing device by taking a constant-current power supply, a heat insulation box, a temperature sensor, a signal receiver and the like as parts, wherein the specific equipment structure is shown in figure 1, calibrating and calculating an integral environment heat absorption coefficient ke by using a known specific heat capacity standard sample 8, testing polyethylene glycol (PEG 6000) with molecular weight of 6000 and known specific heat capacity and phase transition enthalpy, testing the solid specific heat capacity, the liquid specific heat capacity and the solid-liquid phase transition enthalpy, averaging for 5 times, measuring for 35min at a time, sampling 20g, comparing with standard data of the solid specific heat capacity, the liquid specific heat capacity and the solid-liquid phase transition enthalpy, and finding that the error of the solid specific heat capacity obtained by testing by using a self-made device is 4.9%, the error of the liquid specific heat capacity is 4.2% and the error of the phase transition enthalpy is 3.3%; the same sample test is carried out by a PerkinElmer DSC8000 model in America DSC, the sampling amount of a single test is 7mg, the test time of phase change enthalpy (including startup and shutdown) is 153min, and the test error is 1.2%.
The third embodiment of the present invention is described below.
The method comprises the steps of constructing a testing device by taking a constant-current power supply, an adiabatic box, a temperature sensor, a signal receiver and the like as parts, wherein the specific equipment structure is shown in figure 1, calibrating and calculating an integral environment heat absorption coefficient ke by using a known specific heat capacity standard sample 8, testing polyethylene glycol (PEG 8000) with molecular weight 8000 and known specific heat capacity and phase change enthalpy, testing the solid specific heat capacity, the liquid specific heat capacity and the solid-liquid phase change enthalpy of the polyethylene glycol, wherein the single measurement time is 38min, the sampling amount is 20g, and comparing with standard data of the polyethylene glycol, the error of the solid specific heat capacity, the error of the liquid specific heat capacity and the error of the phase change enthalpy are found to be 4.9%, 3.6% and 3.2% respectively; the same sample test is carried out by a PerkinElmer DSC8000 model in America DSC, the sampling amount of a single test is 6mg, the test time of phase change enthalpy (including startup and shutdown) is 159min, and the test error is 1.5%.
In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms "center," "longitudinal," "lateral," "length," "width," "thickness," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," "clockwise," "counterclockwise," "axial," "radial," "circumferential," and the like are used in the orientations and positional relationships indicated in the drawings for convenience in describing the present invention and to simplify the description, and are not intended to indicate or imply that the referenced device or element must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and are therefore not to be considered limiting of the present invention.
Furthermore, the terms "first", "second" and "first" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one such feature. In the description of the present invention, "a plurality" means at least two, e.g., two, three, etc., unless explicitly specifically defined otherwise.
In the present invention, unless otherwise expressly stated or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," "secured," and the like are to be construed broadly and can, for example, be fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally formed; may be mechanically coupled, may be electrically coupled or may be in communication with each other; they may be directly connected or indirectly connected through intervening media, or they may be connected internally or in any other suitable relationship, unless expressly stated otherwise. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood by those skilled in the art according to specific situations.
In the present invention, unless otherwise expressly stated or limited, the first feature "on" or "under" the second feature may be directly contacting the first and second features or indirectly contacting the first and second features through an intermediate. Also, a first feature "on," "over," and "above" a second feature may be directly or diagonally above the second feature, or may simply indicate that the first feature is at a higher level than the second feature. A first feature being "under," "below," and "beneath" a second feature may be directly under or obliquely under the first feature, or may simply mean that the first feature is at a lesser elevation than the second feature.
In the description herein, references to the description of the term "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "an example," "a specific example," or "some examples," etc., mean that a particular feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the invention. In this specification, the schematic representations of the terms used above are not necessarily intended to refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples. Furthermore, various embodiments or examples and features of different embodiments or examples described in this specification can be combined and combined by one skilled in the art without contradiction.
Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described above, it is understood that the above embodiments are exemplary and should not be construed as limiting the present invention, and that variations, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to the above embodiments by those of ordinary skill in the art within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A material thermodynamic parameter measurement device, comprising:
a box body, the box body being thermally insulated so as to be adapted to form a thermally insulated space within the box body;
a sample container disposed at a central position of the insulating space, the sample container being adapted to hold a test sample;
the heating device is arranged in the heat insulation space and is suitable for heating the test sample;
a first sensor disposed within the sample container, the first sensor adapted to monitor a temperature of the test sample and generate a first temperature signal;
the second sensor is arranged in the middle of the heat insulation space and is suitable for monitoring the temperature of the heat insulation space and generating a second temperature signal;
the collecting device is suitable for collecting the voltage of the heating device, the current of the heating device, the first temperature signal and the second temperature signal and recording time information.
2. The material thermodynamic parameter measurement apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the heating device includes a heating wire wound around an outer peripheral side of the sample container, the heating wire being adapted to heat the test sample within the sample container.
3. The material thermodynamic parameter measurement device of claim 1, comprising a power source electrically connected to the heating device, the first sensor, the second sensor, and the collection device, the power source adapted to supply power.
4. The material thermodynamic parameter measurement device according to claim 3, wherein the power supply is a constant voltage power supply or a constant current power supply or a constant power supply.
5. The material thermodynamic parameter measurement device of claim 1, comprising a connector, one end of the connector being connected to the sample container and the other end of the connector being connected to the box, the connector being adapted to secure the sample container within the insulating space.
6. The material thermodynamic parameter measurement device according to any one of claims 1-5, comprising a processing device in electrical communication with the collection device, the processing device adapted to receive the voltage of the heating device, the current of the heating device, the first temperature signal, the second temperature signal, the time information to calculate the solid-state specific heat capacity and/or the solid-liquid phase change enthalpy and/or the liquid-state specific heat capacity of the test sample.
7. A material thermodynamic parameter measurement method based on the material thermodynamic parameter measurement device according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized by comprising the steps of:
placing a standard sample in a sample container, operating the equipment and collecting the measurement parameters of the standard sample;
calculating the overall environment heat absorption coefficient k through the measurement parameters of the standard samplee；
Placing a test sample in a sample container, operating the equipment and collecting measurement parameters of the test sample;
passing the measured parameter of the test sample and the overall environmental endothermic coefficient keCalculating the test sampleThermodynamic parameters of the product.
8. Method for measuring thermodynamic parameters of materials according to claim 7, wherein the overall environmental endotherm coefficient keObtained by the following formula:
in the formula: q0Total input heat; qeAbsorbing heat for the whole environment; q1Absorbing heat for the standard sample; c. CeThe equivalent specific heat capacity of the whole environment; m iseThe quality is equivalent to the whole environment; k is a radical ofeThe overall environmental heat absorption coefficient; Δ TeThe overall environmental temperature change value; c. C1Is the specific heat capacity of a standard sample; m is1Is the standard sample mass; Δ T1Is the temperature change value of the standard sample; u is the input voltage of the heating device; i is input current of the heating device; t is t0Is the test start time; t is t1Is the test termination time.
9. The method of measuring a thermodynamic parameter of a material according to claim 7, wherein the thermodynamic parameter includes a solid state specific heat capacity and a liquid state specific heat capacity, the solid state specific heat capacity and the liquid state specific heat capacity being obtained by the following equations:
in the formula: c. CpThe specific heat capacity of the test sample is measured; q0Total input heat; qeAbsorbing heat for the whole environment; m ispTo test sample quality; Δ TpThe temperature change value of the test sample is obtained; t is txIs the test start time; t is tyIs the test termination time; k is a radical ofeThe overall environmental heat absorption coefficient; Δ TeThe overall environmental temperature change value; u is the input voltage of the heating device; i is addedThe thermal device inputs an electric current.
10. The method of measuring thermodynamic parameters of a material according to claim 7, wherein the thermodynamic parameters include solid-liquid phase change enthalpy, which is obtained by the following formula:
in the formula: Δ H is the solid-liquid phase change enthalpy; q0Total input heat; qeAbsorbing heat for the whole environment; m ispTo test sample quality; t is txIs the test start time; t is tyIs the test termination time; k is a radical ofeThe overall environmental heat absorption coefficient; Δ TeThe overall environmental temperature change value; u is the input voltage of the heating device; i is the input current of the heating device.
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