CN113819882B - Method for calculating gravity potential difference between cross-sea elevation points - Google Patents

Method for calculating gravity potential difference between cross-sea elevation points Download PDF

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CN113819882B
CN113819882B CN202111054248.2A CN202111054248A CN113819882B CN 113819882 B CN113819882 B CN 113819882B CN 202111054248 A CN202111054248 A CN 202111054248A CN 113819882 B CN113819882 B CN 113819882B
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王建波
陈顺德
齐鑫敏
周睿康
肖开林
韩友美
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Abstract

The invention discloses a method for calculating a gravity head difference between cross-sea elevation points, which is used for determining the elevation of a land peripheral island (reef) in coastal countries. Comprising the following steps: performing astronomical geodesic deviation, gravity and GNSS geodesic height measurement on elevation points on two sides of land and sea islands; measuring the measuring point gravity data and the GNSS sea surface height between the land and the sea by using the shipborne gravity/GNSS survey line, and calculating the corrected gravity/ground height data to the average sea surface; deducing a gravity potential difference calculation formula between the cross-sea elevation points according to a gravity potential theory and an astronomical level principle; combining the deviation of astronomical geodetic plumb lines on elevation points on both sides of land and sea, and improving the deviation precision of the plumb lines of the survey line measuring points according to a removal-recovery technology; substituting the result into a derived gravity potential difference calculation formula to realize the calculation of the sea-crossing gravity potential difference. And calculating the gravity potential difference between the cross-sea elevation points by utilizing the elevation point data of a certain place in Shandong province, wherein the distance between the elevation points is about 10.5km, and the elevation value calculated according to the gravity potential difference meets the requirements of the third level measurement precision of the national level measurement standard.

Description

Method for calculating gravity potential difference between cross-sea elevation points
Technical Field
The invention relates to a method for calculating the gravity head between remote cross-sea elevation points, in particular to a method for calculating the gravity head between survey line type cross-sea elevation points integrating the deviation of astronomical geodesic lines on two sides of land and sea with gravity, GNSS measurement and shipborne gravity/GNSS.
Background
The calculation of the gravity potential difference between the cross-sea elevation points can be used for completing the unification of the elevation references of the land and the sea islands. China is a large ocean country, and coastal areas have a plurality of islands (reefs). The sea island (reef) elevation system unified with land is established, and the sea island (reef) elevation system can be used for development and protection of sea islands (reefs), marine environment protection, marine disaster monitoring, marine resource exploration and development and the like. Therefore, the unified land and sea elevation system has important significance in scientific research, national economy construction and national defense construction. Traditional gravity head calculation is mainly performed on land, such as precise leveling measurement and the like. Accurate leveling measurement cannot be performed between land and islands due to the influence of sea environment; the land and sea islands can be subjected to calculation of the gravity equipotential surfaces between the land Gao Chengdian and the sea island elevation points by a static leveling method and a dynamic leveling method. However, the static leveling method is relatively expensive in cost and is not suitable for calculating the gap between long-distance cross-sea elevation points, the dynamic leveling method is long in measurement period, and due to the influence of sea surface topography, the calculation error is increased along with the increase of the interval distance of the tide station.
With the development of the age, the accuracy of on-board GNSS and on-board gravity measurement in marine surveying is increasing. By means of on-board gravity and GNSS measurement, accurate positioning of the ship and high-precision sea surface route gravity measurement are achieved, and high-precision sea surface height information is obtained. The on-board gravity and GNSS measurements link the gravity and elevation on the course between elevation points on both sides of the land and sea. By means of measurement and high-precision data processing, the high measurement precision of the shipborne GNSS sea surface can reach the centimeter level. By means of intersection coincidence value analysis, the accuracy of the gravity measurement achieved by the offshore ship-borne gravity measurement is +/-1.0 < - > 2.0mGAL, and the accuracy achieved by the ocean is +/-1.5 < - > 3.0mGAL. EGM2008 is a global ultra-high order earth gravitational field model recently released by the united states national geospatial information office. The order of the model is completely up to 2 159 (and the order of the spherical harmonic coefficients is extended to 2 190 times), corresponding to a spatial resolution of the model of about 5' (about 9 km). The model adopts GRACE satellite tracking data (ITG-GRACE 03S bit coefficient information and corresponding covariance information), satellite height measurement data, ground gravity data and the like, and the model has great progress in both precision and resolution. However, the precision of the ground level constructed by the earth gravity field model still cannot meet the requirement of the transmission precision of the cross-sea elevation, and in order to realize the high-precision transmission of the cross-sea elevation, the ground level still needs to be further refined by a large amount of shipborne gravity measurement data.
Chinese patent CN 102230795A discloses a sea island reef cross-sea elevation reference transfer method, which derives a cross-sea gravity head calculation formula according to the relationship between gravity head and elevation; and calculating the gravity position value of a certain point in the sea area according to a calculation formula and the ocean gravity field data, and then determining the elevation value of the point relative to the land elevation reference. According to the method, the gravity potential difference theory is applied to cross-sea elevation transmission, in the method, sea surface dynamic topography difference is one of main factors influencing potential difference calculation, because sea surface dynamic topography cannot be measured on site, in sea surface dynamic topography calculation, only the difference between an average sea surface obtained by satellite height measurement and a ground level surface obtained by an earth gravity field model can be used for obtaining dynamic sea surface topography, and because the resolution ratio problem of the height measurement sea surface model and the earth gravity field model is different from the actual measurement result, the accuracy of the gravity potential difference calculation result is reduced.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects at present, the invention provides a method for realizing the calculation of the gravity head between the remote and high-precision survey line type cross-sea elevation points, which utilizes the shipborne gravity/GNSS survey line type survey to combine the astronomical geodetic deviation measured on the elevation points at both sides of the land and the sea, the GNSS geodetic height and the EGM2008 earth gravity field model to accurately calculate the gravity head between the cross-sea elevation points.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
a method for calculating gravity potential difference between cross-sea elevation points comprises the following steps:
s1: measuring A, B astronomical earth plumb line deviation of elevation points on both sides of land and sea to obtain A, B astronomical earth plumb line deviation meridian component and mortise unitary component which are (xi) respectively A ，η A ) And (xi) B ，η B ) The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the Gravity and GNSS measurements of the elevation points A, B on both sides of the land and sea; carrying out sea surface shipborne gravity/GNSS survey line measuring point gravity and geodetic height measurement between the land and the sea;
s2: processing shipborne gravity/GNSS measurement data to reduce the measurement data to an average sea level, and obtaining astronomical earth plumb line deviation of a survey line measurement point by combining an earth gravity field model EGM2008
Figure BDA0003254035630000021
Zeta with abnormal elevation i ；
S3: according to the astronomical geodetic deviation on the land-sea elevation datum point, combining with a removal-recovery technology, further improving the astronomical geodetic deviation of the sea surface measuring point;
s4：ε i for the small correction value epsilon when calculating the gravity potential difference of the measuring point i i Power sea surface topography in
Figure BDA0003254035630000022
Calculating the difference between the sea surface height on the average sea surface and the elevation abnormality calculated by the earth gravity field model EGM2008 at the point by using the shipborne GNSS measurement value;
s5: substituting the calculated result into a formula for calculating the gravity head difference between the sea-crossing elevation points which is derived according to the gravity head theory and the astronomical level principle
Figure BDA0003254035630000023
Obtaining the gravity potential difference delta W between the elevation points A, B on the two sides of the land and the sea AB 。
Preferably, in the step S3, for two A, B points, the deviation of the perpendicular line of the route measurement point is obtained through the earth gravity field model
Figure BDA0003254035630000031
And->
Figure BDA0003254035630000032
Obtaining A, B two-point residual vertical deviation components by using the astronomical geodesic deviation measured at A, B two points and the A, B-point vertical deviation obtained by using the EGM 2008; further improving the measurement point (ζ) of the measurement line by a removal-recovery technology i ，η i ) Vertical line deviation accuracy: the high frequency part, namely the earth gravity field calculation result, is subtracted firstly, (the change among the data to be processed is relatively gentle, the corresponding data processing is carried out after interpolation and estimation is convenient), and the subtracted high frequency part is added to the processed result.
Preferably, the step S3 includes the steps of:
SS1, obtaining the residual vertical deviation component of A, B two points
Figure BDA0003254035630000033
And->
Figure BDA0003254035630000034
Figure BDA0003254035630000035
SS2, assuming that the deviation of the residual vertical line of the sea surface survey line measuring point i is linearly changed, and establishing a residual linear model of the sea surface survey line measuring point i
Figure BDA0003254035630000036
Figure BDA0003254035630000037
In the method, in the process of the invention,
Figure BDA0003254035630000038
and->
Figure BDA0003254035630000039
The length of the component of the distance between the two points A, B in the meridian and mortise unitary directions is->
Figure BDA00032540356300000310
And->
Figure BDA00032540356300000311
The lengths of the components of the distances from the sea surface measuring point i to the point A in the meridian and mortise unitary directions are respectively;
Figure BDA00032540356300000312
perpendicular deviation component of sea surface measuring point i along i, i+1 direction
Figure BDA00032540356300000313
Can be expressed as
Figure BDA00032540356300000314
Wherein alpha is i，i+1 In azimuth along the i, i+1 direction.
Preferably, in the step S2, the high-precision geodetic height and gravity information of the two points A, B and the measuring point on the sea surface also need to be corrected to obtain the plane position and geodetic height of the average sea surface, and obtain the gravity value at the position of the average sea surface coordinates; A. b difference in level DeltaW between two points AB The gravity average value of measuring points and the power sea surface topography can be measured by the opposite measuring line
Figure BDA00032540356300000315
Expressed as the difference, the discretization formula is
Figure BDA0003254035630000041
Wherein N is the total number of measuring points, and the average power sea surface ground at the point i on the average sea surfaceShape of a Chinese character
Figure BDA0003254035630000042
It may be expressed as that,
Figure BDA0003254035630000043
in the method, in the process of the invention,
Figure BDA0003254035630000044
mean sea surface height at point i ζ i Is the elevation anomaly at point i.
Figure BDA0003254035630000045
In (1) the->
Figure BDA0003254035630000046
Is the average sea surface height at point i.
Preferably, in said step S5, it is possible, that,
Figure BDA0003254035630000047
is available according to the astronomical level principle,
Figure BDA0003254035630000048
in θ Ag Is the component of the included angle between the normal line of the reference ellipsoid and the vertical line on the point i in the dl direction; v is the component of the included angle between the normal gravity line at the point i and the normal line of the reference ellipsoid in the dl direction; upsilon (v) Ag The astronomical geodesic deviation for point i is the component in the dl direction. When the formula (4) is applied to the sea surface, two adjacent measuring points i and i+1 are closely spaced, and upsilon can be measured Ag And (g-gamma) varies as a straight line between i and i+1, then a formula is obtained,
Figure BDA0003254035630000049
in the method, in the process of the invention,
Figure BDA00032540356300000410
and->
Figure BDA00032540356300000411
Astronomical geodesic deviation components of two points of the power sea surface topography i and i+1 respectively; (g-gamma) i And (g-gamma) i+1 The space gravity of the two points is abnormal; />
Figure BDA00032540356300000412
Substituting the above formula into the formula (3) for the average normal gravity of two points,
Figure BDA00032540356300000413
in the formulas (1) and (4), the average normal gravity value calculation formula is as follows
Figure BDA0003254035630000051
In the method, in the process of the invention,
Figure BDA0003254035630000052
is the normal gravity from the point A along the normal gravity line to the projection point on the reference ellipsoid, and after the sphere approximation, the point A is +.>
Figure BDA0003254035630000053
Approximately calculated as its average on a global scale (i.e., -0.3086 mGal/m), the average normal gravity value at line station i can be calculated by the following formula,
Figure BDA0003254035630000054
the technical scheme can obtain the following beneficial effects:
in the invention, GNSS measurement and astronomical geodetic plumb line deviation measurement are firstly carried out on land and sea island elevation points, then shipborne gravity/GNSS survey line survey point gravity/geodetic height measurement is carried out on the sea surface between the land and the sea island, the measurement result is calculated to the average sea surface of the survey point, and the obtained cross-sea elevation transfer formula is substituted by combining an earth gravity field model EGM2008 and a removal-restoration technology. The measurement of the measurement point gravity and the ground height can be realized with high precision through the shipborne gravity/GNSS; the vertical line deviation of the measuring point is calculated by combining the measured astronomical earth vertical line deviation measured on the elevation datum points on the two sides of the land and the earth gravity field model EGM2008 with a removal-recovery technology, and the calculated accuracy of the vertical line deviation of the measuring point is improved by combining the measured vertical line deviation with the removal-recovery technology. Therefore, the method can realize the calculation of the gravity potential difference between the long-distance and high-precision cross-sea elevation points.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a graph of example 1 showing the calculation of the gravity difference between the points of sea level crossing and the height Cheng Dianwei.
Detailed Description
The invention is further described with reference to the accompanying drawings:
the invention discloses a method for calculating the gravity head between remote cross-sea elevation points, which comprises the steps of measuring the astronomical geodetic deviation, gravity and GNSS geodetic height of elevation points on two sides of land and sea, measuring the gravity of sea surface shipborne gravity/GNSS survey line measuring points between the land and sea and geodetic height, calculating the astronomical geodetic deviation and geodetic height of survey line measuring points by using an earth gravity field model, and comprises the following steps:
s1: measuring A, B astronomical earth plumb line deviation of elevation points on both sides of land and sea to obtain A, B astronomical earth plumb line deviation meridian component and mortise unitary component which are (xi) respectively A ，η A ) And (xi) B ，η B ) The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the Performing gravity and GNSS measurement on elevation points A, B on the two sides of the land and the sea; carrying out sea surface shipborne gravity/GNSS survey line measuring point gravity and geodetic height measurement between the land and the sea;
s2: processing the on-board gravity/GNSS measurements to reduce them to average sea level, combined with earth weightThe force field model EGM2008 obtains the astronomical earth plumb line deviation of the measuring point of the measuring line
Figure BDA0003254035630000055
High zeta of ground-like level i ；
S3: according to the astronomical geodetic deviation on the land-sea elevation datum point, combining with a removal-recovery technology, further improving the astronomical geodetic deviation of the sea surface measuring point;
S4：ε i for the small correction value epsilon when calculating the gravity potential difference of the measuring point i i Power sea surface topography in
Figure BDA0003254035630000061
Calculating the difference between the sea surface height on the average sea surface and the elevation abnormality calculated by the earth gravity field model EGM2008 at the point by using the shipborne GNSS measurement value;
s5: substituting the calculated result into a formula for calculating the gravity head difference between the sea-crossing elevation points which is derived according to the gravity head theory and the astronomical level principle
Figure BDA0003254035630000062
Obtaining the gravity potential difference delta W between the elevation points A, B on the two sides of the land and the sea AB 。
In step S3, for A, B two points, obtaining the deviation of the perpendicular line of the route measuring point through the earth gravity field model
Figure BDA0003254035630000063
And->
Figure BDA0003254035630000064
Obtaining A, B two-point residual vertical deviation components by using the astronomical geodesic deviation measured at A, B two points and the A, B-point vertical deviation obtained by using the EGM 2008; further improving the measurement point (ζ) of the measurement line by a removal-recovery technology i ，η i ) Vertical line deviation accuracy: i.e. subtracting (removing) the high frequency part (earth gravitational field calculation) first, so that the change between the data to be processed is comparedAnd the interpolation and estimation are convenient, the corresponding data processing is carried out, and the subtracted high-frequency part is added (recovered) to the processed result.
Specifically, step 3 includes:
SS1, obtaining the residual vertical deviation component of A, B two points
Figure BDA0003254035630000065
And->
Figure BDA0003254035630000066
Figure BDA0003254035630000067
SS2, assuming that the deviation of the residual vertical line of the sea surface survey line measuring point i is linearly changed, and establishing a residual linear model of the sea surface survey line measuring point i
Figure BDA0003254035630000068
Figure BDA0003254035630000069
In the method, in the process of the invention,
Figure BDA00032540356300000610
and->
Figure BDA00032540356300000611
The length of the component of the distance between the two points A, B in the meridian and mortise unitary directions is->
Figure BDA00032540356300000612
And->
Figure BDA00032540356300000613
The lengths of the components of the distances from the sea surface measuring point i to the point A in the meridian and mortise unitary directions are respectively;
Figure BDA0003254035630000071
perpendicular deviation component of sea surface measuring point i along i, i+1 direction
Figure BDA0003254035630000072
Can be expressed as
Figure BDA0003254035630000073
Wherein alpha is i，i+1 In azimuth along the i, i+1 direction.
In the step S2, the point A is positioned on land, the point B is positioned on a sea island, the point A and the point B are both close to the coastline, and high-precision geodetic height and gravity information of the two points A, B and the measuring point on the sea surface can be obtained through shipborne gravity/GNSS measuring line measurement. The result of the GNSS receiver or the marine gravimeter is instantaneous positioning position and gravity value, and the positioning result also needs to be corrected by marine tide, ship attitude, wind wave and other environmental errors, ship draft and the like to obtain the plane position and the ground height of the average sea surface; the instantaneously measured gravity value is corrected by zero drift, gravity hysteresis effect, early correction, space correction and the like to obtain the gravity value at the average sea surface coordinate position. A. B difference in level DeltaW between two points AB The gravity average value of measuring points and the power sea surface topography can be measured by the opposite measuring line
Figure BDA0003254035630000074
Expressed as the difference, the discretization formula is
Figure BDA0003254035630000075
Wherein N is the total number of measuring points, and the average power sea surface topography at the i point on the average sea surface
Figure BDA0003254035630000076
It may be expressed as that,
Figure BDA0003254035630000077
in the method, in the process of the invention,
Figure BDA0003254035630000078
mean sea surface height at point i ζ i Is the elevation anomaly at point i.
Figure BDA0003254035630000079
In (1) the->
Figure BDA00032540356300000710
Is the average sea surface height at point i.
In the step S5, the above formula is substituted into the formula (1),
Figure BDA00032540356300000711
is available according to the astronomical level principle,
Figure BDA00032540356300000712
wherein v is the component of the included angle between the normal gravity line at the point i and the normal line of the reference ellipsoid in the dl direction; upsilon (v) Ag The astronomical geodesic deviation for point i is the component in the dl direction. When the formula (4) is applied to the sea surface, two adjacent measuring points i and i+1 are closely spaced, and upsilon can be measured Ag And (g-gamma) varies as a straight line between i and i+1, then a formula is obtained,
Figure BDA0003254035630000081
in the method, in the process of the invention,
Figure BDA0003254035630000082
and->
Figure BDA0003254035630000083
Astronomical geodesic deviation components of two points of the power sea surface topography i and i+1 respectively; (g-gamma) i And (g-gamma) i+1 The space gravity of the two points is abnormal; />
Figure BDA0003254035630000084
Substituting the above formula into the formula (3) for the average normal gravity of two points,
Figure BDA0003254035630000085
wherein N is the number of measuring points including land and island elevation points; g i The gravity value measured by the measuring point i is calculated to be the average sea surface gravity value on the sea surface;
Figure BDA0003254035630000086
the GNSS geodetic altitude data measured by the measuring point i are the geodetic altitude data which are calculated to the average sea surface on the sea surface; />
Figure BDA0003254035630000087
The astronomical geodetic plumb line deviation data of the measuring point i; (g-gamma) i The space gravity abnormal data of the measuring point i; />
Figure BDA0003254035630000088
Sea surface topography data of the measuring point i; />
Figure BDA0003254035630000089
The average value of the average normal gravity values of the measuring points i and i+1 is obtained; />
Figure BDA00032540356300000810
In the formulas (1) and (4), the average normal gravity value calculation formula is as follows
Figure BDA00032540356300000811
In the method, in the process of the invention,
Figure BDA00032540356300000812
is the normal gravity from the point A along the normal gravity line to the projection point on the reference ellipsoid, and after the sphere approximation, the point A is +.>
Figure BDA00032540356300000813
Approximately calculated as its average on a global scale (i.e., -0.3086 mGal/m), the average normal gravity value at line station i can be calculated by the following formula,
Figure BDA00032540356300000814
example 1:
as shown, there are two known points SLZ1 and NZ2 on the coast of the sea, which are about 10.5km apart, the CGCS2000 geodetic coordinates and normal altitude of which are known (table 1), and at which astronomical geodetic deviation measurements were made. One point (SLZ 1) is selected as a known land point, and the other point (NZ 2) is a sea island point to be measured for simulation test. The test is carried out by adopting a simulated route, 3 routes are selected, and the ship-borne gravity data g of the measuring point i on the route is selected i Gravity anomaly Δg calculated by using DTU10 i Plus normal gravity gamma i Simulation to get g i ＝γ i +Δg i
The average sea surface height of the shipborne GNSS survey line measuring point i is obtained by adopting a DTU10 simulation, and the rest is calculated by adopting the method. The number of the route measuring points is related to the distance between measuring sections on the route, three routes are simulated in the test, the measuring section distance of each route is selected from five types of measuring sections of 0.2km, 0.5km, 1.0km, 2.0km and 2.5km, and the gravity potential difference between A, B points and the normal height result of NZ2 point are shown in table 2.
Table 1 geodetic and normal high values for both SLZ1 and NZ2 points
Figure BDA0003254035630000091
TABLE 2 calculation of three routes at different values for each distance
Figure BDA0003254035630000092
As can be seen from Table 2, the calculated NZ2 normal height ranges from 26.91214 m to 26.91274m, and in Table 2, the calculated result is most accurate for each distance of 2.5km for route 2, and the difference between the calculated normal height and the measured value is 26.27mm. The accuracy of the calculated result of each distance of 0.2km of the route 1 is relatively lowest, and the difference between the calculated normal height and the measured value is 26.87mm. Because the total length of the cross sea is about 10.5km, the three-level back-and-forth measurement does not accord with the national standard for level measurement
Figure BDA0003254035630000093
Is +38.88mm. Therefore, the test result meets the third leveling accuracy requirement of the national leveling standard.
The gravity head between the sea-crossing elevation points is calculated by utilizing shipborne gravity/GNSS survey line measurement and combining astronomical geodetic deviation, gravity, GNSS geodetic height and EGM2008 earth gravity field model measured on reference points on two sides of the land and the sea, one main factor affecting the accuracy of the method is survey line measuring point gravity and geodetic height, and the other is survey line measuring point perpendicular deviation. The measurement of the measurement point gravity and the ground height can be realized with high precision through the shipborne gravity/GNSS; the vertical line deviation of the measuring point is calculated by combining the measured astronomical earth vertical line deviation measured on the elevation datum points on the two sides of the land and the earth gravity field model EGM2008 with a removal-recovery technology, and the calculated accuracy of the vertical line deviation of the measuring point is improved by combining the measured vertical line deviation with the removal-recovery technology. Therefore, the method can realize the calculation of the gravity potential difference between the long-distance and high-precision cross-sea elevation points. The gravity potential difference between the sea-crossing elevation points is calculated according to the measured elevation data of a certain place in Qingdao city in Shandong province, the distance between the elevation points is about 10.5km, and the elevation value calculated according to the gravity potential difference meets the requirements of the third level measurement precision of the national level measurement standard.
The foregoing is a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and modifications, obvious to those skilled in the art, of the various equivalent forms of the present invention can be made without departing from the principles of the present invention, are intended to be within the scope of the appended claims.

Claims (1)

1. A method for calculating the gravity potential difference between sea-crossing elevation points is characterized in that: the method comprises the following steps:
s1: the astronomical geodesic deviation, gravity and GNSS geodesic height of elevation points A, B on two sides of land and sea islands are measured to obtain an astronomical geodesic deviation meridian component and a mortise unitary component (xi) of two A, B points A ，η A )、(ξ B ，η B ) Gravity and ground height;
s2: on the sea surface between land and sea island elevation points, carrying out shipborne gravity/GNSS measuring point gravity and ground elevation measurement, wherein N points are obtained by internal measurement of land elevation point A and sea island elevation point B, and a certain measuring point at the sea measuring line is i; processing the shipborne gravity/GNSS measurement data and calculating the same to the average sea level;
s3: obtaining an astronomical earth plumb line deviation model value of a land elevation point A, a sea island elevation point B and a route measurement point i by using an earth gravity field model EGM2008
Figure FDA0004232421130000011
And->
Figure FDA0004232421130000012
According to the astronomical geodetic deviation measured on the land and sea island elevation points, the removal-recovery technology is combined, so that the astronomical geodetic deviation of the sea surface measuring points is further improved;
s4: according to the calculated astronomical geodetic deviation, geodetic height and gravity value of the land elevation point A, the island elevation point B and the line measuring point i, the gravity potential difference calculation formula which is jointly derived by combining the earth gravity field model EGM2008, the gravity potential theory and the astronomical level principle is used for obtaining the gravity potential difference between the land elevation datum point A and the island elevation point B;
in the step S4, the gravity potential difference calculation formula which is derived by combining the gravity potential theory and the astronomical level principle is formula (8),
Figure FDA0004232421130000013
the deduction process is that
The elevation point A is positioned on land, the elevation point B is positioned on a sea island, the point A and the point B are both close to a coastline, and the gravity potential difference delta W between the two points A, B AB Represented as
Figure FDA0004232421130000014
In Deltah i The sea surface topography level height difference of the i measuring section is; g i The gravity value is measured from the point A of the land elevation point to the point B of the island elevation point;
Figure FDA0004232421130000015
Figure FDA0004232421130000016
Figure FDA0004232421130000017
due to epsilon i Has small value epsilon i In (a)
Figure FDA0004232421130000018
The elevation anomaly calculated by the earth gravity field model EGM2008 can be subtracted from the measured geodetic elevation value from point A of the land elevation until point B of the island elevation endsObtaining; />
Figure FDA0004232421130000019
The normal gravity value is calculated by a calculation formula;
substituting formula (3) into formula (1)
Figure FDA0004232421130000021
Is available according to the astronomical level principle,
Figure FDA0004232421130000022
in θ Ag Is the component of the included angle between the normal line of the reference ellipsoid and the vertical line on the point i in the dl direction; v is the component of the included angle between the normal gravity line at the point i and the normal line of the reference ellipsoid in the dl direction; v Ag The component of the astronomical geodesic deviation for point i in the dl direction; by applying the formula (6) to the sea surface, the distance between two adjacent measuring points i and i+1 is very close, and v can be calculated Ag And (g-gamma) varies as a straight line between i and i+1, then a formula is obtained,
Figure FDA0004232421130000023
in the method, in the process of the invention,
Figure FDA0004232421130000024
and->
Figure FDA0004232421130000025
The deviation components of the astronomical geodetic perpendicular lines of the two measuring points i and i+1 are respectively measured; (g-gamma) i And (g-gamma) i+1 The space gravity of the two points is abnormal; />
Figure FDA0004232421130000026
Substituting the above formula into the formula (5) for the average normal gravity of two points,
Figure FDA0004232421130000027
middle l i The distance between the measuring points i and i+1 is measured;
Figure FDA0004232421130000028
in the formula +.>
Figure FDA0004232421130000029
Can be obtained by subtracting the constant value of the altitude Cheng Yi calculated by the earth gravity field model EGM2008 from the measured geodetic altitude value from the beginning of the land altitude point A to the end of the island altitude point B;
s3 comprises the following steps:
SS1, obtaining the residual vertical deviation component of A, B two points
Figure FDA00042324211300000210
And->
Figure FDA00042324211300000211
Figure FDA00042324211300000212
SS2, assuming that the deviation of the residual vertical line of the sea surface survey line measuring point i is linearly changed, and establishing a residual linear model of the sea surface survey line measuring point i
Figure FDA00042324211300000213
Figure FDA0004232421130000031
In the method, in the process of the invention,
Figure FDA0004232421130000032
and->
Figure FDA0004232421130000033
The length of the component of the distance between the two points A, B in the meridian and mortise unitary directions is->
Figure FDA0004232421130000034
And->
Figure FDA0004232421130000035
The lengths of the components of the distances from the sea surface measuring point i to the point A in the meridian and mortise unitary directions are respectively;
Figure FDA0004232421130000036
perpendicular deviation component of sea surface measuring point i along i, i+1 direction
Figure FDA0004232421130000037
Can be expressed as
Figure FDA0004232421130000038
Wherein alpha is i，i+1 Azimuth along i, i+1 direction;
the result of the GNSS receiver or the marine gravimeter is instantaneous positioning position and gravity value, and the positioning result also needs to be corrected by marine tide, ship attitude, wind wave and other environmental errors, ship draft and the like to obtain the plane position and the ground height of the average sea surface; the instantaneously measured gravity value obtains the gravity value at the average sea surface coordinate position through zero drift correction, gravity meter hysteresis effect correction, early correction, space correction and the like;
the deviation precision of the vertical line of the measuring line measuring point is further improved through a removing-recovering technology: the high frequency part is deducted firstly, so that the change among the data to be processed is relatively gentle, the corresponding data processing is carried out after interpolation and estimation, and the deducted high frequency part is added to the processed result.
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