CN111458761B - Offshore gravity comparison field construction method - Google Patents
Offshore gravity comparison field construction method Download PDFInfo
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- CN111458761B CN111458761B CN202010299538.2A CN202010299538A CN111458761B CN 111458761 B CN111458761 B CN 111458761B CN 202010299538 A CN202010299538 A CN 202010299538A CN 111458761 B CN111458761 B CN 111458761B
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Abstract
The invention provides a construction method of an offshore gravity comparison field. The method comprises the following steps: determining the stable center position of the measuring ship; the plurality of marine gravimeters are installed in a way of being parallel to the ship axis direction near the central axis as much as possible, and the constructed ship body coordinate system is utilized to accurately measure the positions of the gravimeters with different types relative to the ship-borne coordinate; a plurality of gravimeters use the same set of navigation positioning signals; processing data according to the standard requirement, and evaluating the data quality according to the intersection conforming precision and the repeated line conforming precision; evaluating the reliability, stability and precision of each type of gravimeter; and according to the multi-parameter evaluation result, carrying out weighted average on the repeated survey line data, and constructing a comparison survey line gravity standard value. The construction method of the offshore gravity comparison field provided by the invention can be used for constructing the offshore gravity comparison field with an accurate measuring line.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of gravity field measurement, in particular to a construction method of a marine gravity comparison field.
Background
The earth gravity field reflects the composition and distribution information of the substances in the earth, and the distribution and the change of the substances can be inversely estimated by accurately measuring the earth gravity field. Therefore, the high-precision gravity measurement has important application prospect in the fields of basic geological research, regional gravity investigation, land survey, oil and gas field and solid mineral resource exploration, gravity-assisted navigation and the like.
The marine gravimeters mainly used in China at present comprise Lacoste & Romberg SII, KSS31M, Dynamic Gravity System, GT-2M and the like. In addition, CHZ-II, SAG-2M, SGA-WZ and ZL-11A gravimeters which are independently developed in China are gradually put into production and application. The measurement principles of various gravimeters are different, noise levels and inherent system noises generated by external influences in the measurement process are different, and inherent filtering methods of acquisition systems are different (at present, FIR filtering, Kalman filtering, Cosine filters and the like based on Blackman window functions are mainly adopted), so that certain differences exist in measured gravity anomaly, and certain differences are generated in quality evaluation results such as measurement accuracy and resolution.
Besides the static test, the marine gravimeter which is newly received and subjected to major overhaul needs to be subjected to marine test to verify the performance index.
The technical index inspection and the self-inspection of the marine gravimeter based on different measurement principles are selected by different scientific research and production units in different test areas, a unified national standard is not formed, and objective evaluation cannot be performed on the marine gravimeter.
At present, no measuring line similar to a comparison base line in aviation gravity measurement exists in marine gravity measurement, and a marine gravity comparison field is urgently required to be constructed.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a construction method of a marine gravity comparison field, which can be used for constructing the marine gravity comparison field with accurate measuring lines.
In order to solve the technical problem, the invention provides a method for building a marine gravity ratio field, which comprises the following steps: determining the stable center position of the measuring ship; the plurality of marine gravimeters are arranged in parallel to the ship axis direction, and the constructed ship body coordinate system is utilized to accurately measure the positions and the precision of gravimeters of different types relative to the ship-borne coordinate, and is used for calculating the positions of measurement results; the multiple gravimeters use the same set of navigation positioning signals, so that the position coordinates and time of each gravimeter are unified; processing data according to the standard requirement, and evaluating the data quality according to the intersection conforming precision and the repeated line conforming precision; according to a multi-parameter evaluation system consisting of the root mean square error, the mutual difference standard deviation and the correlation result of the measurement result, the reliability, the stability and the precision of the gravimeters of various types are comprehensively evaluated; and according to the multi-parameter evaluation result, carrying out weighted average on the repeated survey line data, and constructing a comparison survey line gravity standard value.
In some embodiments, when the plurality of marine gravimeters are installed in parallel to the ship axis direction, the deviation from the central axis is not more than 5m, and the number of the marine gravimeters is not less than 5.
In some embodiments, when the data processing is performed according to the specification requirements, the data processing performed includes: base point comparison, zero drift correction, draft change space correction, Hertz correction, platform inclination calculation, normal gravity calculation, measurement point absolute gravity value calculation and space gravity anomaly calculation.
In some embodiments, further comprising: and determining the weight of each measuring line before carrying out weighted average on the repeated measuring line data according to the multi-parameter evaluation result and the correlation analysis result and establishing and comparing the gravity standard value of the measuring line.
In some embodiments, determining the weight for each line comprises: calculating the repetition times m of the measured value of each gravimeter relative to the measuring line, the measuring point n and the average value of m and n; calculating residual items, and considering that enough measuring point data exist to enable the average value of the noise to be zero, so that the noise level of each gravimeter is obtained; and carrying out weighted average on the measurement results of each gravimeter to realize construction of comparison measurement line standard values.
In some embodiments, calculating the residual term includes: the residual term calculation is performed according to the following formula:
D ij ＝g ij -g i· -g ·j +g ·· ＝N ij -N i· -N ·j +N ··
wherein, g ij Representing the measured value of gravity of a single gravimeter measured on a repetition line with respect to the j-th measurement of the ith line, g i· Representing the average value of the gravity values measured by a single gravimeter on the repetition line with respect to the repetition number m of the ith measurement line, g ·j The average value of the abnormal gravity values measured by all measuring points on the jth measurement of a single gravimeter with respect to n is represented, g ·· Representing the mean value, N, of the gravity anomaly measured on a single gravimeter replicate line with respect to survey line m and survey point N ij Represents that a single gravimeter measures the measurement noise value of the jth measuring point of the ith measuring line on the repeated line, N i· Mean value, N, representing the gravity value measured by a single gravimeter on a repetition line with respect to the number m of repetitions of the measurement line ·j Representing the average value of the noise of all measuring points on the j measurement of a single gravimeter with respect to N, N ·· Represents the average of the noise measured on a single gravimeter repeat line with respect to the line m and the station n.
In some embodiments, further comprising: and selecting an offshore operation measurement carrier before determining the stable center position of the measurement ship.
In some embodiments, the selected offshore operation measurement carrier comprises: and 4, a scientific investigation ship with the grade of 4500 tons or more.
In some embodiments, further comprising: before selecting a measurement carrier for offshore operation, designing a comparison field measurement line according to a comparison field measurement line design principle, wherein the length of the measurement line is more than 300 km.
In some embodiments, further comprising: selecting a marine gravity comparison field area before designing a comparison field survey line according to a comparison field survey line design principle, wherein the selected marine gravity comparison field area comprises: land frame, big land slope, high land on the slope, sea mountain, cave, heave, gravity abnormal fluctuation is more than 50 mGal.
After adopting such design, the invention has at least the following advantages:
firstly, at least 5 marine gravimeters with different models are operated on the same ship to carry out repeated measurement for more than 3 times on a survey line designed in a planned sea area, and the survey line is required to have a cross point, so that the integral adjustment treatment is facilitated; then, processing the measurement data of each marine gravimeter according to a national standard processing method, and respectively performing precision evaluation by using parameter indexes such as root mean square error, system deviation, cross standard deviation, correlation and the like; and finally, a multi-parameter evaluation result is obtained, and a comparison measurement line gravity standard value is constructed through weighted average. The method can realize the separation of real gravity signals and system noise in the ship-borne gravity measurement value, obtain the gravity abnormal standard value on the measurement line, and can be used for the performance evaluation of the marine gravimeter and the quality evaluation of ship-borne gravity measurement data.
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The foregoing is only an overview of the technical solutions of the present invention, and in order to make the technical means of the present invention more clearly understood, the present invention is further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and the detailed description.
Fig. 1 is a flow chart of a marine gravity ratio field construction method according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a plan view of a marine gravity ratio field construction area provided by an embodiment of the invention;
fig. 3 is a noise separation of multiple repeated measurements provided by an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, and it will be understood that they are described herein for the purpose of illustration and explanation and not limitation.
Fig. 1 is a flowchart of a mirror copy data caching method according to an embodiment of the present invention. Referring to fig. 1, the method for building a field by using marine gravity ratio comprises the following steps:
step 1: and selecting a field area by marine gravity ratio.
The selection of the region for offshore gravity ratio field construction is shown in fig. 2, and the region comprises a plurality of geological structures such as land frames, big land slopes, high lands on slopes, sea mountains, depressions, bulges and the like, and the region with large fluctuation and rich details of the submarine topography, the fluctuation of the submarine topography and abnormal fluctuation of gravity are more than 50 mGal.
And 2, step: comparing with the design principle of field survey line.
The design survey line should span a variety of different geologic formation types, with a survey line length greater than 300 km.
And step 3: and selecting a measurement carrier for offshore operation.
And selecting a scientific investigation ship with the ton grade of 4500 or more as a marine gravity ratio field construction measurement carrier.
And 4, step 4: and determining the steady center part of the measuring ship, namely a cabin with the minimum horizontal acceleration caused by rolling and pitching of the ship, avoiding mechanical vibration interference and frequent personnel movement areas, and constructing a ship-borne coordinate system.
And 5: and (4) installing a plurality of marine gravimeters at the stable center positions of the ship in the step (4) in a direction parallel to the ship axis, coaxially installing the marine gravimeters close to the central axis as much as possible according to the internal structural characteristics of the measuring ship, deviating the central axis by no more than 5m, and accurately measuring the positions of the gravimeters with different models relative to the ship-borne coordinate by utilizing the constructed ship body coordinate system for calculating the position of the measurement result.
Step 6: the multiple gravimeters use the same set of navigation positioning signals, so that the gravimeters meet the requirement of unifying position coordinates and time.
And 7: processing shipborne gravity measurement data: and processing data according to the standard requirements, including base point comparison, zero drift correction, draft change space correction, ElteWalsh correction, platform inclination calculation, normal gravity calculation, measurement point absolute gravity value calculation and space gravity anomaly calculation, and evaluating data quality according to intersection conforming accuracy and repeated line conforming accuracy.
And 8: and a multi-parameter evaluation system is formed according to the root mean square error, the mutual difference standard deviation and the correlation result of the measurement result, so that the reliability, the stability and the precision of the gravimeters of various types are comprehensively evaluated.
And step 9: and according to the multi-parameter evaluation result, carrying out weighted average on the repeated survey line data, and constructing a comparison survey line gravity standard value. The weight value selection rule is as follows:
considering the gravity value after the shipborne gravity data processing as a measuring point gravity standard value P i And noise N i The sum of (a):
g ij ＝P i +N ij (1)
wherein: n is a radical of ij -noise magnitude for the ith observation on the jth replicate measurement on the replicate line.
And (3) calculating the repetition times m (m is more than or equal to 3) of the measured value of each gravimeter relative to the measuring line, the measuring point n and the average value of m and n, wherein the specific formula is as follows:
g i· ＝P i +N i· (2)
g ·j ＝P · +N .j (3)
g .. ＝P . +N .. (4)
wherein:
g i· -average of the values of gravity measured by a single gravimeter on the repetition line with respect to the number m of repetitions of the line.
N i· -average of the values of gravity measured by a single gravimeter on the repetition line with respect to the number m of repetitions of the line.
g ·j And the average value of the measured gravity outlier values of all measuring points on the jth measurement of the single gravimeter with respect to n.
N ·j Average of noise of all measurement points on the jth measurement of a single gravimeter with respect to n.
P · -repeating the average of the true gravity anomaly values for all the points on the line with respect to n.
g ·· -average of the gravity anomaly values measured on the single gravimeter repeat line with respect to the measuring line m and the measuring point n.
N ·· Average of the noise measured on a single gravimeter repeat line with respect to the measuring line m and the measuring point n.
And (4) combining the above expression and calculating the residual terms, wherein the expression is as follows:
D ij ＝g ij -g i· -g ·j +g ·· ＝N ij -N i. -N .j +N .. (5)
when the length of the measuring line is required to be more than 300km, and enough measuring point data are considered to enable the average value of the noise term to be zero, the noise level of each gravimeter is as follows:
D ij ≈N ij (6)
fig. 3 shows measurement abnormality, theoretical abnormality, and noise magnitude of each line in actual measurement. Using the root mean square error value σ of each line i Corresponding gravity meter noise variance var (D) ij ) Determining the weight of each measuring line according to the ratio, and carrying out weighted average on the measuring results of each gravimeter to realize construction of comparison of standard values of the measuring lines.
The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the present invention in any way, and it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the above description of the present invention can be applied to various modifications, equivalent variations or modifications without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A construction method for a marine gravity ratio field is characterized by comprising the following steps:
determining the stable center position of the measuring ship;
the plurality of marine gravimeters are arranged in parallel to the ship axis direction, and the constructed ship body coordinate system is utilized to accurately measure the positions of the gravimeters with different types relative to the ship-borne coordinate, and is used for calculating the position of the measurement result;
the multiple gravimeters use the same set of navigation positioning signals, so that the position coordinates and time of each gravimeter are unified;
processing data according to the standard requirement, and evaluating the data quality according to the intersection conforming precision and the repeated line conforming precision;
according to a multi-parameter evaluation system consisting of the root mean square error, the mutual difference standard deviation and the correlation result of the measurement result, the reliability, the stability and the precision of the gravimeters of various types are comprehensively evaluated;
using the root mean square error value σ of each line i Gravimeter noise variance var (D) corresponding thereto ij ) The weight of each measuring line is determined according to the ratio, and the measurement results of each gravimeter are weighted and averaged to realize the construction of the standard value of the comparison measuring line.
2. The offshore gravity ratio field construction method according to claim 1, wherein when a plurality of marine gravimeters are installed in parallel to the ship axis direction, the deviation from the central axis is not more than 5m, and the number of the marine gravimeters is not less than 5.
3. The offshore gravity ratio field construction method according to claim 1, wherein when the data processing is performed according to the specification requirement, the data processing includes: base point comparison, zero drift correction, draft change space correction, ErtWalsh correction, platform inclination calculation, normal gravity calculation, measurement point absolute gravity value calculation and space gravity anomaly calculation.
4. The offshore gravity ratio field building method according to claim 1, further comprising:
and determining the weight of each measuring line before carrying out weighted average on the repeated measuring line data according to the multi-parameter evaluation result and establishing and comparing the gravity standard value of the measuring line.
5. The offshore gravity comparison field construction method according to claim 4, wherein determining the weight of each line comprises:
calculating the repetition times m of the measured value of each gravimeter relative to the measuring line, the measuring point n and the average value of m and n;
calculating residual terms, and considering that enough measuring point data exist to enable the average value of the noise to be zero, thereby obtaining the noise level of each gravimeter;
and carrying out weighted average on the measurement results of each gravimeter to realize construction of comparison measurement line standard values.
6. The offshore gravity alignment field construction method according to claim 5, wherein the calculating of the residual items comprises:
the residual term calculation is performed according to the following formula:
D ij ＝g ij -g i· -g ·j +g .. ＝N ij -N i· -N ·j +N ··
wherein, g ij Measurement value representing the gravity value measured by a single gravimeter on a repetition line with respect to the jth measurement of the ith measurement line, g i· Representing the average value of the gravity values measured by a single gravimeter on the repetition line with respect to the repetition number m of the ith measurement line, g ·j The average value of the abnormal gravity values measured by all measuring points on the jth measurement of a single gravimeter with respect to n is represented, g .. Representing the mean value, N, of the gravity anomaly measured on a single gravimeter repeat line with respect to the survey line m and the survey point N ij Represents that a single gravimeter measures the measurement noise value of the jth measuring point of the ith measuring line on the repeated line, N i· Mean value, N, representing the gravity value measured by a single gravimeter on a repetition line with respect to the number m of repetitions of the measurement line ·j Representing the average value of the noise of all measuring points on the j measurement of a single gravimeter with respect to N, N .. Represents the average of the noise measured on a single gravimeter replicate line with respect to survey line m and survey point n.
7. The offshore gravity ratio field building method according to claim 1, further comprising:
and selecting an offshore operation measurement carrier before determining the stable center position of the measurement ship.
8. The offshore gravity comparison field construction method according to claim 7, wherein the selected offshore operation measurement carrier comprises: and 4, a scientific investigation ship with the grade of 4500 tons or more.
9. The offshore gravity ratio field building method according to claim 7, further comprising:
before selecting a measurement carrier for offshore operation, designing a comparison field measurement line according to a comparison field measurement line design principle, wherein the length of the measurement line is more than 300 km.
10. The offshore gravity alignment field construction method according to claim 9, further comprising:
selecting a marine gravity comparison field area before designing a comparison field survey line according to a comparison field survey line design principle, wherein the selected marine gravity comparison field area comprises: land frame, big land slope, high land on the slope, sea mountain, cave, heave, gravity abnormal fluctuation is more than 50 mGal.
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| GB2446174B (en) * | 2007-01-30 | 2011-07-13 | Arkex Ltd | Gravity survey data processing |
| US8028577B2 (en) * | 2009-01-14 | 2011-10-04 | Micro-G Lacoste, Inc. | Gravity survey with relative and absolute gravimeters |
| KR101416430B1 (en) * | 2014-02-19 | 2014-07-10 | 한국지질자원연구원 | Method for processing marine gravity data and Processing apparatus therefor |
| CN108387951B (en) * | 2018-01-19 | 2019-11-12 | 中国人民解放军92859部队 | A kind of new algorithm based on T1 Repeated Line Tl correction air-sea calibration of gravimeter |
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