CN113818800B - Emergency rescue drilling is along with boring water shutoff device - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention provides an emergency rescue drilling while-drilling water plugging device, relates to the field of drilling, and solves the problems that drilling needs to be switched when a drilling water-out stratum is encountered, and the drilling operation efficiency is low. The device comprises a bypass assembly, a pneumatic nozzle and a drill rod with an inner cavity, wherein at least the upper part of the drill rod is a double-wall drill rod with an inner pipe and an outer pipe, and a containing cavity for storing a plugging agent is formed between the inner pipe and the outer pipe; the pneumatic nozzle is provided with a liquid inlet and a gas inlet which are communicated with each other, and the liquid inlet can be communicated with the accommodating cavity; the bypass assembly is provided with a main flow passage and a bypass flow passage, the main flow passage is communicated with the inner cavity, and the bypass flow passage is blocked with the air inlet; when the main flow passage is blocked, the side flow passage is communicated with the air inlet, and air can enter the pneumatic spray head to be mixed with the plugging agent and then sprayed out. The device can leak stoppage while drilling, avoids a large amount of water from rushing into a drill hole from a water outlet stratum, avoids the problem that a large amount of time is consumed by switching materials back and forth during the traditional air drilling leak stoppage, and meets the requirements of rapidness, accuracy and safety of emergency rescue.

Description

Emergency rescue drilling is along with boring water shutoff device

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of emergency rescue drilling of mine accidents, in particular to a water plugging device while drilling for emergency rescue drilling.

Background

Mine accident emergency rescue is an important part of mine safety production work, and is widely concerned and highly valued by the society. In case of mine accidents, the roadway is easily blocked, miners are trapped underground, the communication channel is interrupted, the rescue channel is blocked, and rescue workers cannot approach the communication channel to rescue. In recent mine accident rescue, in addition to traditional methods of digging around roadways, digging connecting roadways and the like, a ground rapid drilling rescue technology is used for drilling trapped miners in a disaster area and forming effective communicating drill holes, communication is established with the trapped miners in the disaster area, rescue materials such as oxygen, drinking water, nutritional food and the like are conveyed to the disaster area, and large-diameter drill holes are used for lifting and implementing rescue. The life of trapped people is maintained by opening the small-diameter life support hole, so that time is strived for the excavation of a roadway or drainage implementation rescue, the method is an effective and practical rescue and lifesaving technical approach, and the method plays an important role in emergency rescue of mine accidents.

At present, the drilling mode commonly adopted by emergency rescue drilling of small-diameter life support holes comprises a conventional drilling process of positive circulation of slurry and an air down-the-hole hammer drilling process. The conventional slurry drilling process method has the practical problems of low rock crushing efficiency and low drilling speed, and the conventional slurry drilling process method needs to be switched to air drilling during roadway penetration, so that the auxiliary time is long. The air drilling is an underbalanced drilling technology which takes compressed air as a circulating medium and energy for breaking rocks. The air down-the-hole hammer is often used in the air drilling process to be matched with a drilling tool, and compared with mud drilling and foam drilling, the air down-the-hole hammer has the advantages of high drilling speed, high rock breaking efficiency, good drilling quality, stable hole wall, high drilling verticality and the like.

However, the applicant finds that the existing air down-the-hole hammer drilling technology at least has the following technical problems: although the pure drilling time can be shortened by adopting the air down-the-hole hammer for drilling, when water stratum and some special stratums are drilled, mud drilling or foam drilling technology is still needed to deal with. This is because if water is produced during drilling and leaks into the well, the plugging agent can be used to stop the leak in the well along with mud, foam, etc. Because the air down-the-hole hammer uses air as a circulating medium, the plugging agent cannot be conveyed to the well along with the air for plugging.

Therefore, in the prior art, when drilling, the air down-the-hole hammer and the drilling tool are usually combined for drilling, when drilling a water-out stratum and some special stratums, mud drilling or foam drilling technology needs to be switched, and after the water-out stratum is passed, the air down-the-hole hammer is switched back for drilling. The repeated switching of the modes consumes long time, seriously delays rescue time and does not meet the requirements of rapidness, accuracy and safety of emergency rescue to a certain extent.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide an emergency rescue drilling while-drilling water plugging device, which aims to solve the technical problems that in the prior art, when drilling a water-out stratum, air drilling needs to be switched to mud drilling, and the drilling operation efficiency is low; the technical effects that can be produced by the preferred technical scheme in the technical schemes provided by the invention are described in detail in the following.

In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme:

the invention provides an emergency rescue drilling while-drilling water plugging device, which comprises a bypass assembly, a pneumatic spray head and a drill rod with an inner cavity, wherein:

at least the upper part of the drill rod is a double-wall drill rod with an inner pipe and an outer pipe, and a containing cavity for storing a plugging agent is formed between the inner pipe and the outer pipe;

the pneumatic spray head is provided with a liquid inlet and an air inlet which are communicated with each other, and the liquid inlet is communicated with the accommodating cavity; the bypass assembly is provided with a main flow channel and a bypass flow channel, the main flow channel is communicated with the inner cavity, and the bypass flow channel is blocked from the air inlet; when the main flow passage is blocked, the bypass flow passage is communicated with the air inlet, and air can enter the pneumatic spray head to be mixed with the plugging agent and then sprayed out.

Preferably, the pneumatic nozzle further comprises a nozzle having a fluid outlet, a gas passage, a liquid passage, and a mixing chamber, wherein:

the gas channel is communicated with the gas inlet, the liquid channel is communicated with the liquid inlet, the downstream sections of the gas channel and the liquid channel are communicated with the mixing cavity, and the fluid outlet is communicated with the mixing cavity.

Preferably, the pneumatic nozzle further comprises a housing, a chamber located in the housing, and a rotor, wherein:

the fluid outlet is arranged on the shell, and the chamber is communicated with the mixing cavity and the fluid outlet;

the rotor is positioned in the cavity and is obliquely arranged compared with the axis of the cavity, one end of the rotor is fixed at the end part of the cavity close to the fluid outlet, and the high-pressure gas-liquid mixture can push the rotor to rotate along the axis of the cavity when flowing into the cavity.

Preferably, the pneumatic sprayer further comprises a shell, the part of the shell except the fluid outlet is positioned in the shell, and a gas cavity is formed in the shell;

a downstream portion of the gas passage extends into the housing and communicates with the gas cavity;

the liquid channel is sleeved in the gas channel except for the liquid inlet end and the liquid outlet end, the liquid outlet end of the liquid channel is coaxially arranged with the gas channel, a through hole is formed in the outer wall of the liquid outlet end of the liquid channel, and the through hole is communicated with the gas cavity.

Preferably, the bypass assembly comprises a lifting piston and a resilient member, wherein:

the lifting piston is positioned in an inner cavity of the drill rod, the main flow channel is formed in the lifting piston, the bypass flow channel is a bypass hole formed in the peripheral wall of the lifting piston, a communication hole site is formed in the outer wall of the drill rod, and the communication hole site is communicated with the air inlet;

the corresponding communication hole position and the corresponding bypass hole are positioned on the same vertical line and are arranged in a staggered manner in the vertical direction, and when the main flow channel is blocked, the high-pressure airflow can push the lifting piston to move downwards and enable the bypass hole to be communicated with the corresponding communication hole position;

the elastic component is sleeved outside the lifting piston and used for providing restoring force for the lifting piston.

Preferably, an elastic ring is fixed in the main flow channel, the elastic ring is arranged along the radial direction of the main flow channel, and the elastic ring is used for bearing a valve ball;

when the valve opening ball falls into the elastic ring, the main flow passage is blocked;

when the bypass hole is blocked, the valve opening ball can fall out of the elastic ring.

Preferably, a ball seat is formed in the lifting piston, the ball seat and the elastic ring form a step structure, the ball seat is used for supporting the valve closing ball, and the valve closing ball can block the bypass hole when falling into the ball seat.

Preferably, the water shutoff device further comprises a ball receiving mechanism, wherein the ball receiving mechanism is arranged in the inner cavity of the drill rod and is positioned below the bypass assembly and used for receiving a valve opening ball and a valve closing ball which fall from the bypass assembly.

Preferably, the ball receiving mechanism comprises a ball receiving basket for receiving the dropped valve opening ball and the dropped valve closing ball;

the ball receiving basket comprises a peripheral wall, grid holes are formed in the peripheral wall of the ball receiving basket, and air can flow through the grid holes;

the internal diameter of ball receiving basket from top to bottom reduces gradually, just the internal diameter that receives ball basket upper end is greater than open the valve ball with close the external diameter of valve ball, the internal diameter that receives ball basket lower extreme is less than open the valve ball with close the external diameter of valve ball, so that the perisporium with there is the passageway that supplies the gas circulation between the spheroid in the ball receiving basket.

Preferably, the ball receiving basket further comprises an upper edge plate and a lower edge plate, wherein: the upper edge plate and the lower edge plate are respectively connected to the upper end and the lower end of the peripheral wall and extend in the horizontal direction;

an upper supporting plate and a lower supporting plate are arranged on the inner wall of the drill rod, and the upper supporting plate and the lower supporting plate are arranged on the inner wall of the drill rod at intervals around the axis of the drill rod; the upper supporting plate supports the upper edge plate, and the lower supporting plate supports the lower edge plate to fix the ball receiving basket;

and after the ball receiving basket is fixed in place, a first side channel is arranged between the upper edge plate and the inner wall of the drill rod, a second side channel is arranged between the lower edge plate and the inner wall of the drill rod, and air flow can pass through the first side channel and the second side channel to circulate.

Compared with the prior art, the emergency rescue drilling while-drilling water plugging device provided by the invention has the following beneficial effects:

the plugging agent is stored in the accommodating cavity between the inner pipe and the outer pipe, when the drill bit is normally drilled, the main runner of the bypass assembly is communicated with the inner cavity of the drill rod, and high-pressure gas can smoothly flow into the bottom of the drill bit and acts on the air down-the-hole hammer; when the drill meets a water outlet stratum, a valve opening ball is put in to block the main flow passage, the bypass flow passage is communicated with the air inlet of the cyclone spray head, high-pressure air enters the spray head through the bypass hole and is mixed with a plugging agent flowing into the spray head from the accommodating cavity at the same time, and a gas-liquid mixture is sprayed out through the rotary spray head to perform plugging. And after the plugging is finished, the main flow passage is communicated with the inner cavity again, and the drilling work is continued. This emergency rescue probing is along with boring water plugging device can follow the drilling leaking stoppage, avoids going out the water stratum and gushes into a large amount of water in to drilling, simultaneously can be accurate, and the leaking stoppage is guaranteed to omnidirectional leaking stoppage. And the opening and closing mode of plugging is simple, the consumed time is less, and the problem that the precious gold rescue is lost for 72 hours because a large amount of time is consumed by switching materials back and forth during the traditional air drilling plugging is avoided.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without creative efforts.

FIG. 1 is an overall schematic diagram of a water plugging device while drilling, an air down-the-hole hammer and a drill bit for emergency rescue drilling according to the invention;

FIG. 2 is an overall sectional view of the water plugging while drilling device for emergency rescue according to the invention;

FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of a pneumatic sprinkler head;

FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the external structure of the pneumatic nozzle;

FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view of the bypass assembly;

FIG. 6 is a schematic view of the overall construction of the bypass assembly;

FIG. 7 is a schematic structural view of a ball catching mechanism;

in the figure: 1. a well wall; 2. an outer tube; 201. an accommodating chamber; 3. an inner tube; 4. a one-way valve; 5. a pneumatic nozzle; 6. a bypass assembly; 7. a holder; 8. an air down-the-hole hammer; 9. a drill bit; 501. an air inlet; 502. a liquid inlet; 503. a liquid channel; 504. a gas channel; 505. a housing; 506. a gas cavity; 507. a through hole; 508. a through hole; 509. a gas-liquid mixing chamber; 510. a housing; 511. a chamber; 512. a transverse through hole; 513. a mixing chamber; 514. a rotor; 515. a tip; 516. a fluid outlet; 517. a bushing; 601. a main flow channel; 602. a bypass hole; 603. an upper baffle ring; 604. a drill stem; 605. a lift piston; 606. an elastic sleeve; 607. an elastic ring; 608. communicating hole sites; 609. a rubber ring; 610. a support element; 611. a compression spring; 612. a ball catching mechanism; 613. a channel; 614. a lower gas channel; 615. a lower support plate; 616. a first side channel; 617. a second side channel; 618. an upper support plate; 619. a ball receiving basket; 6191. an upper edge plate; 6192. a lower edge plate; 620. grid holes; 621. a ball seat.

Detailed Description

In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the technical solutions of the present invention will be described in detail below. It is to be understood that the described embodiments are merely exemplary of the invention, and not restrictive of the full scope of the invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the examples given herein without any inventive step, are within the scope of the present invention.

In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms "center", "length", "width", "height", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "side", and the like, indicate orientations and positional relationships based on the orientations and positional relationships shown in the drawings, and are used merely for convenience of description and for simplicity of description, and do not indicate or imply that the equipment or elements referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and thus, are not to be construed as limiting the present invention. In the description of the present invention, "a plurality" means two or more unless otherwise specified.

The embodiment of the invention provides a water plugging device while drilling for emergency rescue, which can realize plugging while drilling, avoid the phenomenon that a large amount of water rushes into a drill hole from a water outlet stratum, and avoid the phenomenon that a large amount of time is consumed by switching materials back and forth during the traditional air drilling plugging.

The technical solution provided by the present invention is explained in more detail below with reference to fig. 1 to 7.

Example one

As shown in fig. 1 to 7, the present embodiment provides an emergency rescue drilling while drilling water shutoff device, which includes a bypass assembly 6, a pneumatic nozzle 5 and a drill pipe having an inner cavity, wherein: referring to fig. 1, a drill pipe is inserted into a borehole, the drill pipe is connected with an air down-the-hole hammer 8, and a drill bit 9 is connected to the lower end of the air down-the-hole hammer 8. At least the upper part of the drill rod is a double-walled drill rod with an inner tube 3 and an outer tube 2, see fig. 1, the upper part of the drill rod in this embodiment being a double-walled drill rod and the lower part being a conventional single-walled drill rod; a containing cavity 201 for storing the plugging agent is formed between the inner pipe 3 and the outer pipe 2; the pneumatic nozzle 5 is provided with a liquid inlet 502 and an air inlet 501 which are communicated, and the liquid inlet 502 is communicated with the accommodating cavity 201; the bypass assembly 6 is provided with a main flow channel 601 and a bypass flow channel, wherein the main flow channel 601 is communicated with the inner cavity, and the bypass flow channel is blocked from the air inlet 501 during normal drilling operation; when the main flow channel 601 is blocked, the bypass flow channel is communicated with the air inlet 501, and air can enter the pneumatic nozzle 5 to be mixed with the plugging agent and then sprayed out.

Wherein, a one-way valve 4 is arranged between the liquid inlet 502 and the accommodating cavity 201, and the one-way valve 4 only allows fluid to flow from the accommodating cavity 201 to the liquid inlet 502, so as to prevent the plugging agent from flowing reversely.

The check valve 4 can be in a normally open state, and when the normal drilling work is carried out, in other words, when special strata such as a groundwater layer and the like which are not encountered by drilling do not need to be plugged, plugging agents do not need to be put into the containing cavity. When the plugging operation is needed, the plugging agent is put into the accommodating cavity of the drill rod, and the plugging agent can smoothly flow into the pneumatic nozzle 5 through the accommodating cavity 201 and the liquid inlet 502 and is sprayed out after being mixed with high-pressure air.

Furthermore, in this embodiment, the plugging agent may be a water-soluble polyurethane chemical material, an oligomeric urethane prepolymer containing a free isocyanate group is prepared in advance before plugging, and enters the liquid inlet 502 from the check valve 4 along the containing cavity 201, and is carried to the leaking stratum by the high-pressure gas entering from the gas inlet 501 in the pneumatic nozzle 5, so that the prepolymer foams rapidly when encountering the water in the stratum, thereby achieving the effect of plugging.

Furthermore, the prepared pre-prepared urethane prepolymer is a low-viscosity single-component synthetic high-molecular polyurethane material, is in a slurry shape, foams quickly when meeting water after being sprayed into a water-containing stratum, the specific foaming time can be adjusted by the material proportion of the prepolymer, and the prepolymer cannot foam when being sprayed to a water-free stratum, so that a well hole cannot be blocked, and the effect of accurately stopping leakage can be achieved.

The air down-the-hole hammer 8 and the drill bit 9 are connected to the lower end of a drill rod by adopting the prior art, so that the rapid drilling is realized. The air down-the-hole hammer 8 is a mature technology in the prior art, and has the working characteristics that compressed air is used as power, and the energy of the compressed air passes through the down-the-hole hammer, namely an energy conversion device, to impact the tail part of the drill bit 9, so that high-frequency energy impact is generated on rocks to be crushed. The detailed structure thereof will not be described herein.

Specifically, a valve-opening ball in the prior art can be thrown into the well, so that the main flow channel 601 of the bypass assembly 6 is blocked by the valve-opening ball, and the bypass flow channel is communicated with the air inlet 501 of the pneumatic nozzle 5.

As shown in fig. 1, when drilling a water-out formation, a leakage of groundwater may occur at the well wall 1. According to the emergency rescue drilling water plugging device while drilling, the plugging agent is stored in the accommodating cavity 201 between the inner pipe 3 and the outer pipe 2, when drilling normally, the main flow channel 601 of the bypass assembly 6 is communicated with the inner cavity of the drill rod, and high-pressure gas can smoothly flow into the bottom of the well and act on the air down-the-hole hammer 8; when the drill meets a water outlet stratum, a valve opening ball is thrown in to block the main flow passage 601, the bypass flow passage is communicated with the air inlet 501 of the cyclone spray head, high-pressure air enters the spray head through the bypass hole 602 and is mixed with a plugging agent flowing into the spray head from the accommodating cavity 201 at the same time, and the air-liquid mixture is sprayed out through the rotary spray head to perform plugging. After the plugging is completed, the main runner 601 is communicated with the inner cavity again, and the drilling work is continued.

This emergency rescue probing is along with boring water plugging device can follow the drilling leaking stoppage, avoids going into a large amount of water in the stratum of water to drilling, simultaneously can be accurate, and the leaking stoppage is guaranteed to omnidirectional leaking stoppage. And the opening and closing mode of plugging is simple, the consumed time is less, and the problem that the precious gold rescue is lost for 72 hours because a large amount of time is consumed by switching materials back and forth during the traditional air drilling plugging is avoided.

The embodiment provides a specific implementation mode of a pneumatic nozzle 5, which can mix a plugging agent with high-pressure gas and spray the plugging agent and the high-pressure gas at a high speed after mixing:

referring to fig. 3 and 4, the pneumatic nozzle 5 of the present embodiment further includes a nozzle having a fluid outlet 516, a gas passage 504, a liquid passage 503, and a mixing chamber 513, wherein: gas channel 504 is in communication with gas inlet 501, liquid channel 503 is in communication with liquid inlet 502, the downstream sections of gas channel 504 and liquid channel 503 are both in communication with mixing chamber 513, and fluid outlet 516 is in communication with mixing chamber 513.

When the main flow channel 601 is blocked, the bypass flow channel is communicated with the air inlet 501, and at the moment, air can sequentially pass through the bypass flow channel and the air inlet 501, enter the pneumatic spray head 5, is mixed with the plugging agent in the mixing chamber 513, and is sprayed out through the fluid outlet 516 after being mixed. After the plugging agent is mixed with the high-pressure gas, the plugging agent can have a certain initial speed under the carrying of the high-pressure gas, and the plugging agent is fully pressurized and atomized and can be accurately sprayed into the pores of a leakage water layer, so that plugging is carried out, and the plugging effect is good.

In order to further increase the injection area of the plugging agent and the high-pressure air, as an alternative embodiment, referring to fig. 3, the pneumatic nozzle 5 further comprises a housing 510, a chamber 511 located in the housing 510, and a rotor 514, wherein: a fluid outlet 516 is provided on the housing 510, the chamber 511 communicating the mixing chamber 513 with the fluid outlet 516; the rotor 514 is disposed in the chamber 511 and is inclined with respect to the axis of the chamber 511, and a tip 515 of the rotor 514 is fixed to an end of the chamber 511 near the fluid outlet 516 through a bushing 517, so that the high-pressure gas-liquid mixture flowing into the chamber 511 can push the rotor 514 to rotate along the axis of the chamber 511. A rotor 514 is disposed in the chamber 511, and the rotor 514 is urged by the high-pressure gas-liquid mixture to perform a rotational motion along the axis of the chamber 511.

At this time, the tip 515 of the rotor 514 is in frictional rotational movement against the liner 517, and the gas-liquid mixture in the chamber 511 is discharged through the rotor 514 through the high-pressure fluid outlet 516.

When the high-pressure gas-liquid mixture pushes the rotor 514, the high-pressure gas-liquid mixture can rotate along with the rotor 514 and flows out through the fluid outlet 516, the radius of a larger spraying area is formed under the action of centrifugal force, the area of a water outlet stratum covered by the sprayed high-pressure gas-liquid mixture is larger, and therefore the plugging effect is improved.

As an alternative embodiment, referring to fig. 3 and 4, the pneumatic nozzle 5 further includes a casing 505, the housing 510 except the fluid outlet 516 is located in the casing 505, and the casing 505 forms a gas cavity 506 therein; the downstream portion of the gas channel 504 extends into the housing 505 and communicates with the gas cavity 506 through a through hole 507.

The liquid channel 503 is sleeved in the gas channel 504 except for the liquid inlet end and the liquid outlet end, the liquid outlet end of the liquid channel 503 is coaxially arranged with the gas channel 504, the outer wall of the liquid outlet end of the liquid channel 503 is provided with a through hole 508, the through hole 508 is communicated with the gas cavity 506, and the downstream part of the liquid channel 503 behind the through hole 508 forms a gas-liquid mixing chamber 509; and the gas-liquid mixing chamber 509 communicates with the mixing chamber 513.

Referring to fig. 3 and 4, the plugging agent entering from the liquid inlet 502 enters the gas-liquid mixing chamber 509 through the liquid passage 503, meanwhile, the high-pressure gas entering from the gas inlet 501 enters the gas cavity 506 through the gas passage 504 and the through hole 507, and then enters the gas-liquid mixing chamber 509 through the through hole 508, and the high-pressure gas and the liquid plugging agent are fully mixed in the gas-liquid mixing chamber 509 and then enter the mixing chamber 513. Further, the mixed high-pressure gas-liquid mixture enters the chamber 511 through the transverse through hole 512, and pushes the rotor 514 in the chamber 511 to rotate along the axis of the chamber 511.

Further, as shown in fig. 2, 3 and 4, the pneumatic nozzle 5 is arranged in a casing 505, the casing 505 covers the inner nozzle part as much as possible to protect the inner nozzle part and to seal the inner nozzle part to a certain extent, and a fixer 7 fixes the casing 505 at the bottom of the double-wall drill rod.

Example two

The present embodiment is an improvement on the above embodiment, and provides a specific implementation manner of the bypass assembly 6:

referring to fig. 2, 5 and 6, the bypass assembly 6 of the present embodiment includes a lifting piston 605 and an elastic member, in which: the lifting piston 605 is positioned in the inner cavity of the drill rod 604, the main flow channel 601 is formed in the lifting piston 605, the bypass flow channel is a bypass hole 602 arranged on the peripheral wall of the lifting piston 605, a communicating hole 608 is arranged on the outer wall of the drill rod 604, and the communicating hole 608 is communicated with the air inlet 501; the corresponding communication hole 608 and the bypass hole 602 are located on the same vertical line, and the two holes are arranged in a staggered manner in the vertical direction, and when the main flow channel 601 is blocked, the high-pressure air flow can push the lifting piston 605 to move downwards and make the bypass hole 602 be communicated with the corresponding communication hole 608.

As shown in fig. 5 and 6, a plurality of bypass holes 602 are uniformly arranged on the peripheral wall of the lifting piston 605 at intervals, all the bypass holes 602 are arranged at intervals around the axis of the lifting piston 605, similarly, the same number of communication hole sites 608 are arranged on the outer wall of the drill rod 604, the same number of pneumatic nozzles 5 are connected to the drill rod 604, and the corresponding bypass holes 602, communication hole sites 608 and pneumatic nozzles 5 can make the ejected plugging agent completely cover the well wall 1. Meanwhile, due to the mixing of the high-pressure gas, the plugging agent is fully pressurized and atomized, and can be accurately sprayed into the pores of the leakage water layer, so that a better plugging effect is achieved.

Referring to fig. 5, the elastic member is sleeved outside the lifting piston 605 and is used for providing a restoring force for the lifting piston 605. The elastic component comprises a compression spring 611, the compression spring 611 is sleeved outside the lifting piston 605, one end of the compression spring 611 is limited and fixed on the outer wall of the lifting piston 605, and the other end of the compression spring 611 is limited and fixed by a supporting element 610 on the inner wall of the drill rod 604. The support member 610 may be a support plate or the like. A rubber ring 609 is fixed between the inner edge of the supporting element 610 and the outer wall of the lifting piston 605, and the rubber ring 609 can reduce the friction resistance and the friction damage between the lifting piston 605 and the supporting element 610.

When the bypass hole 602 is closed, the main flow passage 601 is opened, and the up-down piston 605 is restored by the elastic member.

When the valve ball is thrown into the well and the main flow channel 601 is blocked, high-pressure gas cannot continuously flow into the bottom of the well through the inner wall of the drill rod, the high-pressure gas pushes the lifting piston 605 to move downwards, the compression spring 611 is compressed, the bypass hole 602 moves downwards at the moment until the bypass is communicated with the corresponding communication hole 608, and the high-pressure gas enters the pneumatic nozzle 5 through the gas inlet 501. When the bypass hole 602 is closed, the valve-opening ball falls, the main flow passage 601 is opened, and the lift piston 605 is returned by the elastic member.

In order to receive the valve ball and dredge the main runner 601 of the bypass assembly 6 again after the plugging operation, as an alternative embodiment, referring to fig. 5 and 6, an elastic ring 607 is fixed in the main runner 601, the elastic ring 607 is arranged along the radial direction of the main runner 601, and the elastic ring 607 is used for receiving the valve ball; when the opening ball falls into the elastic ring 607, the main flow passage 601 is blocked; when the bypass hole 602 is closed, the valve-opening ball can fall from the elastic ring 607.

The elastic ring 607 is sleeved with an elastic sleeve 606, both of which have certain elasticity, when the upper pressure is too large, the elastic ring 607 will contract, the ball will fall off from the elastic ring 607, the upper part of the elastic ring 607 is provided with 1 upper retaining ring 603, and the elastic ring 607 is fixed in the lifting piston 605.

Referring to fig. 5, when the valve opening ball is thrown in, the valve opening ball can fall into the elastic ring 607 to block the main flow passage 601, and as the pressure gradually increases, the high-pressure gas pushes the lifting piston 605 to move downward, the compression spring 611 is compressed, and at this time, the bypass hole 602 moves downward until the bypass hole 602 is communicated with the corresponding communication hole 608.

The bypass port 602 may be selectively blocked by a valve closing ball. After the plugging work is finished, when a valve ball is put into and closed, the bypass hole 602 is plugged by the valve ball, high-pressure gas cannot enter the pneumatic nozzle 5 any more, along with the gradual rise of the pressure in the drill rod, the high-pressure gas compresses the elastic ring 607 in the radial direction, the elastic ring 607 is compressed in the radial direction until the valve ball cannot be continuously supported, the valve ball falls from the elastic ring 607, the valve ball also falls off, the main flow passage 601 is communicated with the inner cavity of the drill rod again, the lifting piston 605 is reset under the action of the compression spring 611, and the high-pressure gas continuously flows into the bottom of the well through the inner wall of the drill rod and acts on the air down-the-hole hammer 8.

Alternatively, referring to fig. 5, a ball seat 621 is formed in the lifting piston 605, and the ball seat 621 forms a step structure with the elastic ring 607, and the ball seat 621 is used for holding the valve closing ball and blocking the bypass hole 602 when the valve closing ball falls into the ball seat 621. The ball seat 621 is configured to better support the valve closing ball, so that the valve closing ball blocks the bypass hole 602 when falling into the ball seat 621.

The emergency rescue drilling while-drilling water plugging device of the embodiment comprises the following specific operation methods according to different working stages:

during normal drilling, high-pressure gas discharged by a wellhead air compressor flows into the bottom of the well along the inner cavity of the drill rod, at the moment, the lifting piston 605 is arranged at the top end under the action of the compression spring 611, the bypass hole 602 and the communication hole 608 are not overlapped, and the gas cannot enter the pneumatic sprayer 5 from the bypass hole 602.

When the drill meets a water stratum, 1 valve opening ball is thrown from the well mouth, the small ball finally falls into the elastic ring 607, along with further gas discharge to the drill rod, the pressure in the drill rod gradually increases to push the lifting piston 605 to move downwards, the compression spring 611 is compressed until the bypass hole 602 and the communication hole position 608 coincide, the pressure in the drill rod is released, the lifting piston 605 is not pushed downwards any more, the compression spring 611 is not compressed any more, and at this time, high-pressure gas flows into the gas inlet 501 of the pneumatic nozzle 5 through the bypass hole 602 and the communication hole position 608.

After plugging is completed, valve closing balls with the same number as that of the bypass holes 602 are thrown in from a wellhead, and under the action of air pressure pushing and valve opening balls, the small balls finally stay on the ball seats 621 at the bypass holes 602 and block the bypass holes 602, the elastic ring 607 contracts along the radial direction along with the increase of the pressure in the holes, the valve opening balls fall from the elastic ring 607, and the valve closing balls also fall from the ball seats 621 along with the falling of the valve opening balls. The lift piston 605 is lifted by the compression spring 611, the bypass hole 602 and the communication hole 608 are staggered again, and the high-pressure gas does not flow to the bypass hole 602 any more and flows to the bottom of the well again.

EXAMPLE III

The present embodiment is an improvement on the above embodiment, and the water shutoff device further includes a ball catching mechanism 612, where the ball catching mechanism 612 is disposed in the inner cavity of the drill rod and located below the bypass assembly 6, and is used for receiving the valve opening ball and the valve closing ball falling from the bypass assembly 6. The ball receiving mechanism 612 is located below the bypass assembly 6, and can receive a falling valve opening ball and a falling valve closing ball, so that the smooth operation of drilling operation is ensured.

In the present embodiment, a specific implementation of the ball catching mechanism 612 is provided, and as shown in fig. 5 and fig. 7, the ball catching mechanism 612 of the present embodiment includes a ball catching basket 619 for receiving dropped valve opening balls and valve closing balls; the ball receiving basket 619 comprises a peripheral wall, the peripheral wall of the ball receiving basket 619 is provided with a grid hole 620, and air can pass through the grid hole 620 to circulate;

the internal diameter of the ball receiving basket 619 is gradually reduced from top to bottom, the internal diameter of the upper end of the ball receiving basket 619 is larger than the external diameters of the valve opening ball and the valve closing ball, and the internal diameter of the lower end of the ball receiving basket 619 is smaller than the external diameters of the valve opening ball and the valve closing ball, so that a channel 613 for gas circulation is formed between the peripheral wall and a ball body in the ball receiving basket 619.

When the ball receiving basket 619 receives the opening ball and the closing ball, air smoothly flows through the passage 613 and the grill holes 620 in the circumferential wall.

As shown in FIG. 5, after the valve-opening ball enters the ball-receiving mechanism 612, the valve-opening ball enters the bottom of the ball-receiving basket 619, so that the bottom of the ball-receiving basket 619 is blocked, and the valve-closing ball is prevented from falling into the well bottom. The valve closing ball in turn falls into the ball receiving basket 619 above the valve opening ball. The ball receiving basket 619 may be axially adjustable according to the actual requirements of the project.

As an alternative embodiment, referring to fig. 7, the basketball receiving basket 619 further comprises an upper edge plate 6191 and a lower edge plate 6192, wherein: an upper edge plate 6191 and a lower edge plate 6192 are respectively connected to the upper end and the lower end of the peripheral wall, and both extend along the horizontal direction; an upper support plate 618 and a lower support plate 615 are arranged on the inner wall of the drill rod, and the upper support plate 618 and the lower support plate 615 are arranged on the inner wall of the drill rod at intervals around the axis of the drill rod; the upper support plate 618 supports the upper edge plate 6191, and the lower support plate 615 supports the lower edge plate 6192 to fix the basketball basket 619.

The upper edge plate 6191 and the lower edge plate 6192 of the ball receiving basket 619 are respectively matched with the upper support plate 618 and the lower support plate 615 on the inner wall of the drill rod 604, so that the ball receiving basket 619 can be stably fixed in the inner wall of the drill rod 604. Referring to fig. 5, a lower gas passage 614 is formed between the ball receiving basket 619 and the lower support plate 615, and air can smoothly flow to the bottom of the well through the passage 613 and the lower gas passage 614.

After the ball receiving basket 619 is fixed in place, referring to fig. 5, a first side channel 616 is arranged between the upper edge plate 6191 and the inner wall of the drill rod 604, and a second side channel 617 is arranged between the lower edge plate 6192 and the inner wall of the drill rod, so that air flow can pass through the first side channel 616 and the second side channel 617 for circulation, high-pressure air can smoothly flow to the bottom of the well, and the fixing of the ball receiving basket 619 does not affect the smooth circulation of the high-pressure air.

The emergency rescue drilling while-drilling water plugging device of the embodiment achieves the aims of no drilling lifting and no switching of drilling media or processes, so that the requirements of rapidness, accuracy and safety of emergency rescue are met.

The particular features, structures, or characteristics may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples.

In the description herein, references to the description of the term "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "an example," "a specific example," or "some examples," etc., mean that a particular feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the invention. In this specification, the schematic representations of the terms used above are not necessarily intended to refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples. Furthermore, various embodiments or examples and features of different embodiments or examples described in this specification can be combined and combined by one skilled in the art without contradiction.

The above description is only for the specific embodiments of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any person skilled in the art can easily conceive of the changes or substitutions within the technical scope of the present invention, and all the changes or substitutions should be covered within the scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention shall be subject to the protection scope of the appended claims.

Claims (10)

1. The emergency rescue drilling water plugging device while drilling is characterized by comprising a bypass assembly (6), a pneumatic spray head (5) and a drill rod with an inner cavity, wherein:

at least the upper part of the drill rod is a double-wall drill rod with an inner pipe (3) and an outer pipe (2), and a containing cavity (201) for storing a plugging agent is formed between the inner pipe (3) and the outer pipe (2);

the pneumatic spray head (5) is provided with a liquid inlet (502) and a gas inlet (501) which are communicated with each other, and the liquid inlet (502) is communicated with the accommodating cavity (201); the bypass assembly (6) is provided with a main flow channel (601) and a bypass flow channel, the main flow channel (601) is communicated with the inner cavity, and the bypass flow channel is blocked from the air inlet (501); when the main flow channel (601) is blocked, the bypass flow channel is communicated with the air inlet (501), and air can enter the pneumatic nozzle (5) to be mixed with the plugging agent and then is sprayed out.

2. The emergency rescue drilling while drilling water shutoff device according to claim 1, characterized in that the pneumatic nozzle (5) further comprises a nozzle having a fluid outlet (516), a gas passage (504), a liquid passage (503) and a mixing chamber (513), wherein:

the gas channel (504) is communicated with the gas inlet (501), the liquid channel (503) is communicated with the liquid inlet (502), the downstream sections of the gas channel (504) and the liquid channel (503) are communicated with the mixing chamber (513), and the fluid outlet (516) is communicated with the mixing chamber (513).

3. The emergency rescue drilling while drilling water shutoff device according to claim 2, wherein the pneumatic nozzle (5) further comprises a housing (510), a chamber (511) located in the housing (510), and a rotor (514), wherein:

the fluid outlet (516) is disposed on the housing (510), the chamber (511) communicating the mixing chamber (513) and the fluid outlet (516);

the rotor (514) is positioned in the chamber (511) and is obliquely arranged relative to the axis of the chamber (511), one end of the rotor (514) is fixed at the end part of the chamber (511) close to the fluid outlet (516), and when a high-pressure gas-liquid mixture flows into the chamber (511), the rotor (514) can be pushed to rotate along the axis of the chamber (511).

4. The emergency rescue drilling while drilling water shutoff device according to claim 3, characterized in that the pneumatic nozzle (5) further comprises a housing (505), the housing (510) except the fluid outlet (516) is positioned in the housing (505), and a gas cavity (506) is formed in the housing (505);

a downstream portion of the gas channel (504) extends into the housing (505) and communicates with the gas cavity (506);

the liquid channel (503) is sleeved in the gas channel (504) except for the liquid inlet end and the liquid outlet end, the liquid outlet end of the liquid channel (503) is coaxially arranged with the gas channel (504), a through hole (508) is formed in the outer wall of the liquid outlet end of the liquid channel (503), and the through hole (508) is communicated with the gas cavity (506).

5. The emergency rescue drilling while-drilling water shutoff device according to claim 1, wherein the bypass assembly (6) comprises a lifting piston (605) and a resilient member, wherein:

the lifting piston (605) is positioned in an inner cavity of the drill rod, the main flow channel (601) is formed in the lifting piston (605), the bypass flow channel is a bypass hole (602) formed in the peripheral wall of the lifting piston (605), a communication hole site (608) is formed in the outer wall of the drill rod, and the communication hole site (608) is communicated with the air inlet (501);

the corresponding communication hole position (608) and the corresponding bypass hole (602) are located on the same vertical line and are arranged in a staggered mode in the vertical direction, and when the main flow channel (601) is blocked, high-pressure air flow can push the lifting piston (605) to move downwards and enable the bypass hole (602) to be communicated with the corresponding communication hole position (608);

the elastic component is sleeved outside the lifting piston (605) and used for providing restoring force for the lifting piston (605).

6. The emergency rescue drilling while-drilling water shutoff device according to claim 5, characterized in that an elastic ring (607) is fixed in the main flow passage (601), the elastic ring (607) is arranged along the radial direction of the main flow passage (601), and the elastic ring (607) is used for receiving a valve ball;

when the valve opening ball falls into the elastic ring (607), the main flow passage (601) is blocked;

when the bypass hole (602) is blocked, the valve opening ball can fall out of the elastic ring (607).

7. The emergency rescue drilling while drilling water shutoff device according to claim 6, characterized in that a ball seat (621) is formed in the lifting piston (605), the ball seat (621) forms a step structure with an elastic ring (607), the ball seat (621) is used for supporting a valve closing ball and can block the bypass hole (602) when the valve closing ball falls into the ball seat (621).

8. The emergency rescue drilling while drilling water shutoff device according to claim 1 or 7, characterized in that the water shutoff device further comprises a ball catching mechanism (612), wherein the ball catching mechanism (612) is arranged in the inner cavity of the drill rod and is positioned below the bypass assembly (6) and used for receiving a valve opening ball and a valve closing ball which fall from the bypass assembly (6).

9. The emergency rescue drilling while drilling water shutoff device according to claim 8, characterized in that the ball receiving mechanism (612) comprises a ball receiving basket (619) for receiving the dropped valve opening ball and valve closing ball;

the ball receiving basket (619) comprises a peripheral wall, the peripheral wall of the ball receiving basket (619) is provided with grid holes (620), and air can pass through the grid holes (620) to circulate;

the internal diameter that connects ball basket (619) reduces from top to bottom gradually, just it is greater than to connect the internal diameter of ball basket (619) upper end the open valve ball with the external diameter of closing the valve ball, it is less than to connect the internal diameter of ball basket (619) lower extreme the open valve ball with the external diameter of closing the valve ball, so that the perisporium with it has the passageway that supplies the gas circulation to connect to exist between the spheroid in ball basket (619).

10. The emergency rescue drilling while drilling water shutoff device according to claim 9, wherein the ball receiving basket (619) further comprises an upper edge plate (6191) and a lower edge plate (6192), wherein: the upper edge plate (6191) and the lower edge plate (6192) are respectively connected to the upper end and the lower end of the peripheral wall and extend in the horizontal direction;

an upper supporting plate (618) and a lower supporting plate (615) are arranged on the inner wall of the drill rod, and the upper supporting plate (618) and the lower supporting plate (615) are arranged on the inner wall of the drill rod at intervals around the axis of the drill rod; the upper supporting plate (618) supports the upper edge plate (6191), and the lower supporting plate (615) supports the lower edge plate (6192) to fix the ball receiving basket (619);

and after the ball receiving basket (619) is fixed in place, a first side channel (616) is arranged between the upper edge plate (6191) and the inner wall of the drill rod, a second side channel (617) is arranged between the lower edge plate (6192) and the inner wall of the drill rod, and air flow can flow through the first side channel (616) and the second side channel (617).

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