CN113814562A - Laser welding method - Google Patents
Laser welding method Download PDFInfo
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- CN113814562A CN113814562A CN202111190613.2A CN202111190613A CN113814562A CN 113814562 A CN113814562 A CN 113814562A CN 202111190613 A CN202111190613 A CN 202111190613A CN 113814562 A CN113814562 A CN 113814562A
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- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 253
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 42
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetone Chemical compound CC(C)=O CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000007664 blowing Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 abstract description 21
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 abstract description 6
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 6
- XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Argon Chemical compound [Ar] XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 4
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052786 argon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000001307 helium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052734 helium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- SWQJXJOGLNCZEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N helium atom Chemical compound [He] SWQJXJOGLNCZEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
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-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K26/00—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
- B23K26/08—Devices involving relative movement between laser beam and workpiece
- B23K26/0823—Devices involving rotation of the workpiece
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K26/00—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
- B23K26/08—Devices involving relative movement between laser beam and workpiece
- B23K26/0869—Devices involving movement of the laser head in at least one axial direction
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K26/00—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
- B23K26/20—Bonding
- B23K26/21—Bonding by welding
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K26/00—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
- B23K26/70—Auxiliary operations or equipment
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- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Optics & Photonics (AREA)
- Plasma & Fusion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Laser Beam Processing (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of welding, in particular to a laser welding method. The laser welding method comprises the following steps: controlling a positioner clamping the cylinder and the flange plate to rotate according to a preset linear speed; controlling the laser welding head to move from the initial position to the welding position, and gradually increasing the power of the laser welding head until the power of the laser welding head is increased to the preset power; controlling a laser welding head to be kept at a welding position within a preset time; and controlling the laser welding head to move from the welding position to the initial position, and gradually reducing the power of the laser welding head. The laser welding method can avoid the defects of perforation, cracks, deformation and the like of the test piece, reduce the residual stress of the test piece, and ensure the sealing property and the coaxiality of the test piece after welding, thereby improving the welding quality of the large thick-wall-difference sealing test piece.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of welding, in particular to a laser welding method.
Background
The welding of the large thick-wall difference sealing element has wide application space in the industrial fields of aerospace, petrochemical engineering, ocean engineering and the like, and when the traditional arc welding process is used for welding large thick-wall difference parts, the welding method has the limitations of large heat input quantity, large thin-wall deformation, easy welding of thin walls, low production efficiency and the like. The laser welding has the characteristics of high welding speed, small heat input quantity, high welding precision and the like, and is more suitable for welding large thick-wall differential sealing elements.
Welding of large thick-wall-difference high-pressure sealing flange pieces faces great challenges, and after the welding of the large thick-wall-difference high-pressure sealing flange pieces and the thick-wall-difference high-pressure sealing flange pieces, the coaxiality of the thin-wall pieces and the coaxiality of the thick-wall pieces are guaranteed to be consistent, and after the welding of the large thick-wall-difference high-pressure sealing flange pieces and the thick-wall-difference high-pressure sealing flange pieces are combined, good sealing performance is guaranteed to be achieved after the air pressure exceeds 5 MPa. When laser welding is used, great difficulties are also faced: the positions of the beginning and the end of welding are impacted by light beams greatly, so that a through hole and a crack are easy to form, the welding of the thin-wall part is sensitive, and the sealing performance of the flange part is greatly influenced; in the laser welding process, because the energy density is concentrated and the deep-melting small holes are unstable, the thin-wall part is easily perforated; during laser welding, if the heat input is insufficient, the thick-wall part is less melted, the joint strength of a welding seam is lower, and if the heat input is too large, the residual stress of the welded test piece is larger, the deformation of the thin-wall part is larger, and the coaxiality of the test piece is influenced.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a laser welding method which can avoid the defects of perforation, crack, deformation and the like of a test piece, reduce the residual stress of the test piece, and ensure the sealing performance and the coaxiality of the test piece after welding, thereby improving the welding quality of a large thick-wall difference sealing test piece.
Embodiments of the invention may be implemented as follows:
the invention provides a laser welding method, which comprises the following steps:
controlling a positioner clamping the cylinder and the flange plate to rotate according to a preset linear speed;
controlling the laser welding head to move from the initial position to the welding position, and gradually increasing the power of the laser welding head until the power of the laser welding head is increased to the preset power;
controlling a laser welding head to be kept at a welding position within a preset time;
and controlling the laser welding head to move from the welding position to the initial position, and gradually reducing the power of the laser welding head.
In an optional embodiment, before controlling the positioner which is clamped with the cylinder and the flange plate to rotate at a preset linear speed, the laser welding method comprises the following steps:
and cleaning the cylinder and the flange plate by using acetone and alcohol, and fixing the cylinder and the flange plate which are dried by blowing to a positioner.
In an alternative embodiment, the ratio of the thickness of the flange to the thickness of the cylinder is equal to or greater than 30, and the thickness of the cylinder is equal to or less than 1 mm.
In an optional embodiment, before controlling the positioner which is clamped with the cylinder and the flange plate to rotate at a preset linear speed, the laser welding method comprises the following steps:
and adjusting the incidence angle of the laser welding head, enabling the light spot of the laser welding head to be positioned at the joint of the cylinder and the flange plate, and keeping the ratio of the area of the light spot of the laser welding head positioned on the outer peripheral surface of the cylinder to the total area of the light spot of the laser welding head to be 1/4-1/3.
In an alternative embodiment, the laser welding head is at an angle of 30 ° to 60 ° to the plane of the flange, and the laser welding head is at an angle of 0 ° to 10 ° to the normal to the plane of the cylinder axis.
In an alternative embodiment, the step of controlling the laser welding head to move from the initial position to the welding position and gradually increasing the power of the laser welding head until the power of the laser welding head is increased to the preset power comprises:
controlling the defocusing amount of the laser welding head to be 15-30 mm under the condition that the laser welding head is at the initial position; and controlling the defocusing amount of the laser welding head to be 0-15 mm under the condition that the laser welding head is at the welding position.
In an alternative embodiment, the preset power of the laser welding head is between 1kw and 3 kw.
In an optional implementation mode, the step of controlling the positioner provided with the cylinder and the flange to rotate according to a preset linear speed comprises the following steps:
and controlling the copper pipe to blow air to the welding pool, wherein the center of the air outlet end of the copper pipe is right opposite to the light spot.
In an alternative embodiment, the step of controlling the laser welding head to move from the initial position to the welding position and gradually increasing the power of the laser welding head until the power of the laser welding head is increased to the preset power comprises:
and controlling the power of the laser welding head to be zero under the condition that the laser welding head is at the initial position.
In an optional embodiment, the preset linear speed of the positioner is 0.8m/min-3 m/min.
The embodiment of the invention has the beneficial effects that:
the laser welding method comprises the following steps: controlling a positioner clamping the cylinder and the flange plate to rotate according to a preset linear speed; controlling the laser welding head to move from the initial position to the welding position, and gradually increasing the power of the laser welding head until the power of the laser welding head is increased to the preset power; controlling a laser welding head to be kept at a welding position within a preset time; and controlling the laser welding head to move from the welding position to the initial position, and gradually reducing the power of the laser welding head.
Through the steps, the laser welding head can move in the welding process, and the energy change in the movement process can reduce the beam impact and the energy intensity of the cylinder and the flange plate at the positions of the beginning and the end of welding, so that the defects of perforation, crack, deformation and the like of a test piece can be avoided, the residual stress of the test piece is reduced, the sealing performance and the coaxiality of the welded test piece are ensured, and the welding quality of the large thick-wall-difference sealing test piece is improved.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings needed to be used in the embodiments will be briefly described below, it should be understood that the following drawings only illustrate some embodiments of the present invention and therefore should not be considered as limiting the scope, and for those skilled in the art, other related drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without inventive efforts.
FIG. 1 is a diagram illustrating the steps of a laser welding method according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a laser welding head in an initial position according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a laser welding head in a welding position according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Icon: 10-cylinder; 20-a flange plate; 30-a position changing machine; 40-laser welding head; 50-copper tube.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are some, but not all, embodiments of the present invention. The components of embodiments of the present invention generally described and illustrated in the figures herein may be arranged and designed in a wide variety of different configurations.
Thus, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention, presented in the figures, is not intended to limit the scope of the invention, as claimed, but is merely representative of selected embodiments of the invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
It should be noted that: like reference numbers and letters refer to like items in the following figures, and thus, once an item is defined in one figure, it need not be further defined and explained in subsequent figures.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that if the terms "upper", "lower", "inside", "outside", etc. indicate an orientation or a positional relationship based on that shown in the drawings or that the product of the present invention is used as it is, this is only for convenience of description and simplification of the description, and it does not indicate or imply that the device or the element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed in a specific orientation, and be operated, and thus should not be construed as limiting the present invention.
Furthermore, the appearances of the terms "first," "second," and the like, if any, are used solely to distinguish one from another and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.
It should be noted that the features of the embodiments of the present invention may be combined with each other without conflict.
Referring to fig. 1 to 3, the present embodiment provides a laser welding method, including:
s1: controlling a positioner 30 clamping the cylinder 10 and the flange plate 20 to rotate according to a preset linear speed;
s2: controlling the laser welding head 40 to move from the initial position to the welding position, and gradually increasing the power of the laser welding head 40 until the power of the laser welding head 40 is increased to the preset power;
s3: controlling the laser welding head 40 to be kept at the welding position within a preset time;
s4: the laser welding head 40 is controlled to move from the welding position to the initial position, and the power of the laser welding head 40 is gradually reduced.
It should be noted that, in this embodiment, the laser welding method is applied to welding of a large thick-wall difference sealing element, and is intended to avoid the occurrence of defects such as perforation, crack and deformation of a test piece, reduce the residual stress of the test piece, and ensure the sealing performance and coaxiality of the test piece after welding, thereby improving the welding quality of the large thick-wall difference sealing test piece, while in other embodiments of the present invention, the laser welding method may be applied to welding of other types of test pieces.
The working principle of the laser welding method is as follows:
referring to fig. 1-3, the laser welding method includes the steps of: controlling a positioner 30 clamping the cylinder 10 and the flange plate 20 to rotate according to a preset linear speed; controlling the laser welding head 40 to move from the initial position to the welding position, and gradually increasing the power of the laser welding head 40 until the power of the laser welding head 40 is increased to the preset power; controlling the laser welding head 40 to be kept at the welding position within a preset time; the laser welding head 40 is controlled to move from the welding position to the initial position, and the power of the laser welding head 40 is gradually reduced. Through the steps, the laser welding head 40 moves in the welding process, and the energy change in the movement process can reduce the beam impact on the cylinder 10 and the flange plate 20 at the positions where the welding starts and ends and the intensity of energy, so that the defects of perforation, crack, deformation and the like of a test piece can be avoided, the residual stress of the test piece is reduced, the sealing performance and the coaxiality of the welded test piece are ensured, and the welding quality of the large thick-wall-difference sealing test piece is improved.
Further, in the present embodiment, when the flange 20 and the cylinder 10 are welded, there is a certain thickness difference between the thickness of the flange 20 and the thickness of the cylinder 10, specifically, the ratio of the thickness of the flange 20 to the thickness of the cylinder 10 is not less than 30, and the thickness of the cylinder 10 is not more than 1mm, that is, the thickness of the flange 20 is not less than 30 mm.
In the present embodiment, when the laser welding head 40 starts to move, the positioner 30 starts to rotate, and the preset linear velocity of the positioner 30 is 0.8m/min to 3 m/min.
In addition, when the flange plate 20 and the cylinder 10 are welded, in order to ensure the welding quality, the flange plate 20 and the cylinder 10 need to be cleaned, and specifically, before the positioner 30 which is clamped with the cylinder 10 and the flange plate 20 is controlled to rotate according to a preset linear velocity, the laser welding method comprises the following steps: the cylinder 10 and the flange 20 are cleaned with acetone and alcohol, and the blow-dried cylinder 10 and flange 20 are fixed to the positioner 30.
Further, when the joint of the cylinder 10 and the flange 20 is welded, parameters of laser welding need to be determined, specifically, before the positioner 30 which is clamped with the cylinder 10 and the flange 20 is controlled to rotate according to a preset linear velocity, the laser welding method comprises the following steps: the incidence angle of the laser welding head 40 is adjusted so that the light spot of the laser welding head 40 is positioned at the joint of the cylinder 10 and the flange plate 20, and the ratio of the area of the light spot of the laser welding head 40 positioned on the outer peripheral surface of the cylinder 10 to the total area of the light spots of the laser welding head 40 is maintained at 1/4-1/3.
It should be noted that, after the angle of incidence of the laser welding head 40 is determined, when the laser welding head 40 moves from the initial position to the welding position or from the welding position to the initial position, and the angle of incidence is not changed, specifically, the angle between the laser welding head 40 and the plane where the flange plate 20 is located may be 30 ° to 60 °, and the angle between the laser welding head 40 and the normal of the plane where the axis of the cylinder 10 is located may be 0 ° to 10 °.
Further, in the present embodiment, when welding the joint between the cylinder 10 and the flange 20, the defocusing amount of the laser welding head 40 needs to be determined, and specifically, the step of controlling the laser welding head 40 to move from the initial position to the welding position and gradually increasing the power of the laser welding head 40 until the power of the laser welding head 40 is increased to the preset power includes: controlling the defocusing amount of the laser welding head 40 to be 15-30 mm under the condition that the laser welding head 40 is at the initial position; and controlling the defocusing amount of the laser welding head 40 to be 0-15 mm when the laser welding head 40 is at the welding position.
In addition, in the present embodiment, when welding the joint between the cylinder 10 and the flange 20, the preset power of the laser welding head 40 needs to be determined, and specifically, the preset power of the laser welding head 40 may be 1kw to 3 kw. And the step of controlling the laser welding head 40 to move from the initial position to the welding position and gradually increasing the power of the laser welding head 40 until the power of the laser welding head 40 is increased to the preset power comprises: controlling the power of the laser welding head 40 to be zero in the case where the laser welding head 40 is at the initial position; therefore, when the laser welding head 40 moves from the initial position to the welding position, the power of the laser welding head 40 is gradually increased from zero to the preset power; similarly, when the laser welding head 40 moves from the welding position to the initial position, the power of the laser welding head 40 is gradually reduced from the preset power to zero; thereby reducing the energy impact on the cylinder 10 and the flange 20 at the positions where the welding starts and ends by the energy change of the laser welding head 40 during the movement.
Further, referring to fig. 1 to 3, in this embodiment, the step of controlling the positioner 30, which is clamped with the cylinder 10 and the flange 20, to rotate at a preset linear velocity includes: the copper tube 50 is controlled to blow air to the welding pool, and the center of the air outlet end of the copper tube 50 is opposite to the light spot. Specifically, the inner diameter of the copper pipe 50 for outputting the shielding gas is 8-12mm, the shielding gas can be argon, nitrogen, helium or other mixed gas, and the flow rate of the shielding gas is 15-25L/min.
In the present embodiment, when welding the flange 20 and the cylinder 10, it is necessary to adjust the rotational speed of the positioner 30 and the setting parameters of the laser welding head 40 according to the thickness of the flange 20 and the thickness of the cylinder 10; the adjustment of the setting parameters of the laser welding head 40 comprises the adjustment of the incident angle of the laser welding head 40, the defocusing amount of the laser welding head 40 and the preset power of the laser welding head 40; the adjustment of the incident angle of the laser welding head 40 includes the adjustment of the included angle between the laser welding head 40 and the plane of the flange plate 20, the included angle between the laser welding head 40 and the normal of the plane of the axis of the cylinder 10, and the distribution of the light spot positions at the joint of the cylinder 10 and the flange plate 20.
In addition, as can be seen from the above, the laser welding method includes a first stage moving from the initial position to the welding position, a second stage remaining at the welding position, and a third stage moving from the welding position to the initial position, and in this embodiment, the durations of the first stage, the second stage, and the third stage may be the same. In other embodiments of the present invention, the rotational speed of the positioner 30 and the setting parameters of the laser welding head 40 may be adjusted according to the thickness of the flange 20 and the thickness of the cylinder 10, and then the duration of the first, second, and third stages may be adjusted.
In conclusion, the laser welding method well solves the problems of arc starting control during welding between the ultrathin alloy material and the ultrathin alloy material, energy distribution control and arc closing control during welding, avoids the generation of defects such as perforation and cracks through the mutual matching of the regulation and control of the change of the beam energy in the welding process and the regulation and control of the walking of a robot, greatly reduces the welding deformation, ensures the sealing property and the coaxiality of a post-welding test piece, provides a good solution for the difficult problem of high-quality welding of the ultrathin alloy material and the ultrathin alloy material, and has important practical application value in the fields of aerospace, petrochemical industry, ship manufacturing and the like.
Based on the above, referring to fig. 1-3, when the laser welding method is used to weld the thin-walled cylinder 10 and the thick-walled flange 20, both made of 1Cr18Ni6Ti stainless steel, the steps are as follows:
the dimensional parameters of the thin-walled cylinder 10 and the thick-walled flange 20 are as follows: the thickness of the thin-wall cylinder 10 is 0.5mm, the diameter is 50mm, the thickness of the thick-wall flange 20 is 35mm, and the diameter is 200 mm;
firstly, cleaning a thin-wall cylinder 10 and a thick-wall flange plate 20 by using acetone and alcohol, drying the thin-wall cylinder and the thick-wall flange plate, fixing the thin-wall cylinder and the thick-wall flange plate by using a welding fixture after the thin-wall cylinder and the thick-wall flange plate are dried, and fixing an assembly part on a positioner 30;
setting parameters of the laser welding head 40, wherein the preset power of the laser welding head 40 is 1.8kW, and when the laser welding head 40 is at the initial position, the power is zero; moreover, the duration of the laser welding head 40 in the first stage, the second stage and the third stage is 6s, and the preset time is 6 s;
setting the incidence angle of the laser welding head 40, so that the included angle between the incidence angle of the laser beam and the plane of the thick-wall flange plate 20 is 45 degrees and the included angle between the incidence angle of the laser beam and the normal of the cylinder 10 is 5 degrees, the spot size of the laser is positioned at the joint of the laser beam and the thick-wall flange plate, and the ratio of the spot size on the thin-wall cylinder 10 is 1/3;
the positioner 30 drives the cylinder 10 and the flange plate 20 to rotate according to a preset linear speed; the copper pipe 50 begins to blow protective gas to the welding pool; the protective gas blown out of the copper tube 50 is argon, and the flow rate is set to be 20L/min;
the laser welding head 40 is moved from the initial position to the welding position, and when the laser welding head 40 is at the initial position, the power is zero, and the defocusing amount of the laser beam is 20 mm; after moving from the initial position to the welding position, the power of the laser welding head 40 is gradually increased to a preset power;
the laser welding head 40 moves to a welding position, the defocusing amount of the laser beam is 20mm, and the position of the laser welding head 40 is kept unchanged within the preset time;
after a preset time, the laser welding head 40 moves from the welding position to the initial position; and taking down the test piece after welding.
The above description is only for the specific embodiments of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any changes or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the technical scope of the present invention are included in the scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention shall be subject to the protection scope of the claims.
Claims (10)
1. A laser welding method, comprising:
controlling a positioner clamping the cylinder and the flange plate to rotate according to a preset linear speed;
controlling the laser welding head to move from an initial position to a welding position, and gradually increasing the power of the laser welding head until the power of the laser welding head is increased to a preset power;
controlling the laser welding head to be kept at the welding position within a preset time;
and controlling the laser welding head to move from the welding position to the initial position, and gradually reducing the power of the laser welding head.
2. The laser welding method according to claim 1, characterized in that:
before the positioner which is clamped with the cylinder and the flange plate is controlled to rotate according to the preset linear velocity, the laser welding method comprises the following steps:
and cleaning the cylinder and the flange plate by using acetone and alcohol, and fixing the cylinder and the flange plate which are dried by blowing to the positioner.
3. The laser welding method according to claim 1, characterized in that:
the ratio of the thickness of the flange plate to the thickness of the cylinder is greater than or equal to 30, and the thickness of the cylinder is less than or equal to 1 mm.
4. The laser welding method according to claim 1, characterized in that:
before the positioner which is clamped with the cylinder and the flange plate is controlled to rotate according to the preset linear velocity, the laser welding method comprises the following steps:
and adjusting the incidence angle of the laser welding head, enabling the light spot of the laser welding head to be positioned at the joint of the cylinder and the flange plate, and keeping the ratio of the area of the light spot of the laser welding head positioned on the outer peripheral surface of the cylinder to the total area of the light spots of the laser welding head to be 1/4-1/3.
5. The laser welding method according to claim 4, characterized in that:
the included angle between the laser welding head and the plane where the flange plate is located is 30-60 degrees, and the included angle between the laser welding head and the normal of the plane where the axis of the cylinder is located is 0-10 degrees.
6. The laser welding method according to claim 1, characterized in that:
the step of controlling the laser welding head to move from the initial position to the welding position and gradually increasing the power of the laser welding head until the power of the laser welding head is increased to the preset power comprises the following steps:
controlling the defocusing amount of the laser welding head to be 15-30 mm under the condition that the laser welding head is at the initial position; and controlling the defocusing amount of the laser welding head to be 0-15 mm under the condition that the laser welding head is at the welding position.
7. The laser welding method according to claim 1, characterized in that:
the preset power of the laser welding head is 1kw-3 kw.
8. The laser welding method according to claim 1, characterized in that:
the step that the positioner with the cylinder and the flange plate clamped in the control device rotates according to the preset linear velocity comprises the following steps:
and controlling the copper pipe to blow air to the welding pool, wherein the center of the air outlet end of the copper pipe is right opposite to the light spot.
9. The laser welding method according to claim 1, characterized in that:
the step of controlling the laser welding head to move from the initial position to the welding position and gradually increasing the power of the laser welding head until the power of the laser welding head is increased to the preset power comprises the following steps:
controlling the power of the laser welding head to be zero when the laser welding head is at the initial position.
10. The laser welding method according to claim 1, characterized in that:
the preset linear speed of the positioner is 0.8-3 m/min.
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2003071579A (en) * | 2001-08-30 | 2003-03-11 | Mitsubishi Heavy Ind Ltd | Laser beam welding device |
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