CN113812520A - Fermented paper mulberry feed and application thereof in preparation of feed suitable for pigs of different ages in days - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a fermented paper mulberry feed, which is prepared by ensiling crushed paper mulberry, and fermenting in anaerobic pit pile for more than or equal to 30 d; the fermented paper mulberry feed is suitable for the feeds of pigs of different ages in days, so that the enrichment of probiotics lactobacillus and bacillus flora can be effectively improved, the enrichment of enterococcus flora is reduced, the antibody level of the pigs is obviously improved, and the disease resistance of the pigs is enhanced.

Description

Fermented paper mulberry feed and application thereof in preparation of feed suitable for pigs of different ages in days

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of paper mulberry feed, in particular to fermented paper mulberry feed and application thereof in preparation of feed suitable for pigs of different ages in days.

Background

The hybrid broussonetia papyrifera is a plant of broussonetia of Moraceae, is a new broussonetia papyrifera variety cultivated by space carrying breeding by adopting a modern agricultural breeding technology, has the characteristics of fast growing, high yield, multi-resistance, easy propagation, short felling period, salt and alkali resistance and strong adaptability, is rich in plant protein, carbohydrate, trace elements and the like, and has better development prospect. The hybrid paper mulberry is used as a high-protein woody feed, the protein content is about 18 percent, the nutritional ingredients such as amino acid, vitamin, carbohydrate, trace elements and the like are very rich, the feed value is very good, and the hybrid paper mulberry can be used as a substitute raw material of the protein feed. In addition, the broussonetia papyrifera contains various bioactive substances such as polysaccharide, alkaloid, flavone and the like, has various biological activities such as antibiosis, antivirus and the like, and is a novel, high-quality, high-efficiency and immunity-enhancing biological feed raw material with wide market prospect.

However, the broussonetia papyrifera feed has the defects of high lignin content, rich tannin content and the like, so that the utilization efficiency of the broussonetia papyrifera feed in production is low, and the development of the broussonetia papyrifera industry is seriously influenced. In addition, although some paper mulberry feed products exist in the market, paper mulberry powder is mostly directly used for fermentation after being matched, the fermentation cost is high, the fermentation effect is poor, the feed mixing is not uniform, and the feed utilization efficiency is poor.

The complete feed used in the current market has the advantages of high nutritive value, convenience in transportation, good palatability and the like, but the problems of excessive addition of chemical feed additives, poor meat quality of raised pigs and the like exist at present, and due to the fact that the intestinal digestion characteristics and tolerance characteristics of pigs at different ages are greatly different, the feed in the current market cannot meet the growth requirements of the pigs at all ages.

Therefore, the technical personnel in the field need to solve the problem of how to effectively utilize the broussonetia papyrifera raw material, prepare a broussonetia papyrifera fermented feed and develop a complete broussonetia papyrifera compound feed suitable for pigs of different ages in days.

Disclosure of Invention

In view of the above, the invention provides fermented paper mulberry feed and application thereof in preparation of feed for pigs of different ages in days.

In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:

a fermented paper mulberry feed is prepared by ensiling crushed paper mulberry, and fermenting in anaerobic pit for more than or equal to 30 days.

As a preferable technical scheme of the invention, the length of the crushed paper mulberry is 2-3 cm.

As a preferred technical scheme of the invention, the small sections are bundled, sealed by a sealing bag, stacked and covered with a film, and the anaerobic nest pile is fermented under the condition of 20-35 ℃.

The invention also claims the application of the fermented paper mulberry feed in preparing the feed suitable for pigs with different ages of days as the same inventive concept of the above subject.

A nursery pig feed comprising: 30-40 parts of corn, 10-20 parts of fermented paper mulberry feed, 1-5 parts of wheat bran, 10-15 parts of soybean meal, 1-5 parts of premix, 0.5-2 parts of vegetable oil, 0.1-1 part of glucose, 0.1-1 part of lysine, 0.01-1 part of paper mulberry leavening agent and 30-40 parts of water.

Wherein, each part of premix comprises: vitamin B2 is more than or equal to 110mg, vitamin E is more than or equal to 550IU, vitamin K3 is more than or equal to 60mg, biotin is more than or equal to 4.5mg, iron 1900-6000mg, selenium is 4-8.3mg, phosphorus is 5-50mg, copper 1500-2083mg, calcium pantothenate is more than or equal to 300mg, nicotinic acid is more than or equal to 600mg, sodium chloride is 4-8%, total phosphorus is 1-5%, vitamin A150000-266666IU, vitamin D35000-8333IU, manganese 1000-2500mg, zinc 800-1833mg, calcium is 5-15%, and water is less than or equal to 10%;

the vegetable oil comprises soybean oil.

A preparation method of a nursery pig feed comprises the following steps:

1) weighing: weighing the raw materials according to the weight part ratio;

2) crushing: crushing the fermented paper mulberry feed;

3) mixing: uniformly mixing the crushed fermented broussonetia papyrifera feed with glucose and a broussonetia papyrifera starter, adding vegetable oil, and uniformly mixing to obtain a mixture A1;

4) mixing: adding corn, wheat bran, soybean meal, premix and lysine into the mixture A1, and uniformly mixing to obtain a mixture B1;

5) mixing: and spraying water into the mixture B1, uniformly stirring, subpackaging into sealed storage bags, and storing and fermenting for more than or equal to 3d to obtain the nursery pig feed.

A feed for finishing pigs, comprising: 20-30 parts of corn, 20-30 parts of fermented paper mulberry feed, 1-10 parts of wheat bran, 5-10 parts of soybean meal, 1-5 parts of premix, 0.1-1 part of glucose, 0.1-1 part of lysine, 0.01-1 part of paper mulberry leavening agent and 30-40 parts of water.

A preparation method of a feed for growing pigs comprises the following steps:

1) weighing: weighing the raw materials according to the weight part ratio;

2) crushing: crushing the fermented paper mulberry feed;

3) mixing: uniformly mixing the crushed fermented broussonetia papyrifera feed with glucose and a broussonetia papyrifera starter to obtain a mixture A2;

4) mixing: adding corn, wheat bran, soybean meal, premix and lysine into the mixture A2, and uniformly mixing to obtain a mixture B2;

5) mixing: and spraying water into the mixture B2, uniformly stirring, subpackaging into sealed storage bags, storing and fermenting for 3d to obtain the bred pig feed.

A feed for fattening pigs, comprising: 15-25 parts of corn, 60-75 parts of fermented broussonetia papyrifera feed, 10-20 parts of wheat bran, 1-3 parts of premix, 0.1-1 part of glucose, 0.1-1 part of lysine and 0.01-1 part of broussonetia papyrifera starter.

A preparation method of a fattening pig feed comprises the following steps:

1) weighing: weighing the raw materials according to the weight part ratio;

2) crushing: crushing the fermented paper mulberry feed;

3) mixing: uniformly mixing the crushed fermented broussonetia papyrifera feed with glucose and a broussonetia papyrifera starter to obtain a mixture A3;

4) mixing: adding corn, wheat bran, premix and lysine into the mixture A3, and uniformly mixing to obtain a mixture B3;

5) mixing: spraying water into the mixture B3, stirring, subpackaging into sealed storage bags, storing and fermenting for 3d to obtain fattening pig feed

According to the technical scheme, the fermented paper mulberry is used for replacing part of bean pulp in the feed in the prior art, the bean pulp is finally and completely replaced, the production cost of the feed is reduced, in addition, the paper mulberry contains rich natural compounds, the health of pigs in different development stages is favorably ensured, and the fermented paper mulberry contains rich probiotics, so that the improvement of the intestinal microecology of the pigs is facilitated

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to the provided drawings without creative efforts.

FIG. 1 is a graph showing the effect of complete formula paper mulberry feed of different groups on the abundance of flora.

Detailed Description

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

The embodiment of the invention discloses fermented broussonetia papyrifera feed and feed prepared by the fermented broussonetia papyrifera feed and suitable for pigs of different ages in days, wherein the preparation method of the broussonetia papyrifera starter comprises the following steps:

1) preparing materials: taking raw materials of composite bacteria, composite enzyme and reinforcer according to parts by weight, mixing 8% of cellulolytic enzyme, 6% of amylase, 7% of acid protease, 7% of neutral protease and 8% of ligninase into composite enzyme for later use, and mixing 5% of active polysaccharide, 13% of functional polypeptide, 3% of vitamin and 0.5% of trace element into reinforcer for later use;

2) inoculation: inoculating 7% of lactobacillus acidophilus, 4% of lactobacillus plantarum, 14% of bacillus coagulans, 14% of bacillus licheniformis and 12% of bacillus subtilis to corresponding culture media, controlling the temperature at 30 ℃ and culturing for 16 hours;

3) mixing: mixing the cultured composite bacteria and live bacteria according to a mass ratio, adding 30% of composite enzyme and 15% of reinforcer according to a mixed weight ratio, and stirring for 4 minutes to obtain the broussonetia papyrifera starter.

The preparation method of the fermented paper mulberry feed comprises the following steps: is prepared by ensiling pulverized paper mulberry with the length of 2-3cm, and fermenting in anaerobic pit for 30 d.

Example 1

A complete formula broussonetia papyrifera feed for nursery pigs is prepared by weighing the raw materials in the table 1 and mixing and fermenting:

TABLE 1

Corn (corn)	30 portions of
		Water (W)	38 portions of
Fermented feed for paper mulberry	11 portions of
		Wheat bran	5 portions of
Soybean meal	13 portions of
		Premix compound	1 part of
Soybean oil	1 part of
		Glucose	0.2 part
Lysine	0.5 portion
		Broussonetia papyrifera starter	0.3 part

Example 2 a complete formula broussonetia papyrifera feed for nursery pigs was prepared by weighing raw materials as shown in table 2, and performing mixed fermentation:

TABLE 2

Corn (corn)	35 portions of
		Water (W)	35 portions of
Fermented feed for paper mulberry	13 portions of
		Wheat bran	3 portions of
Soybean meal	11 portions of
		Premix compound	1.5 parts of
Soybean oil	0.8 portion of
		Glucose	0.3 part
Lysine	0.4 portion of
		Broussonetia papyrifera starter	0.2 part

Example 3 a complete formula broussonetia papyrifera feed for growing pigs, the raw materials are weighed according to table 3, and mixed and fermented:

TABLE 3

Example 4 a complete formula broussonetia papyrifera feed for growing pigs, which is prepared by weighing raw materials as shown in table 4 and mixing and fermenting:

TABLE 4

Corn (corn)	28 portions of
		Water (W)	32 portions of
Fermented feed for paper mulberry	26 portions of
		Wheat bran	8 portions of
Soybean meal	6 portions of
		Premix compound	1.8 parts of
Glucose	0.4 portion of
		Lysine	0.5 portion
Broussonetia papyrifera starter	0.8 portion of

Embodiment 5 provides a complete formula broussonetia papyrifera feed for fattening pigs, which is prepared by weighing raw materials as shown in table 5 and performing mixed fermentation:

TABLE 5

Corn (corn)	15 portions of
		Fermented feed for paper mulberry	71.5 parts of
Wheat bran	10 portions of
		Premix compound	2 portions of
Glucose	0.6 part
		Lysine	0.3 part
Broussonetia papyrifera starter	0.6 part

Example 6 a complete formula broussonetia papyrifera feed for fattening pigs, which is prepared by weighing raw materials as shown in table 6 and performing mixed fermentation:

TABLE 6

The process of the mixed fermentation comprises the following steps:

1) weighing: weighing the raw materials according to the weight part ratio;

2) crushing: crushing the fermented paper mulberry feed;

3) mixing: uniformly mixing the crushed fermented broussonetia papyrifera feed with glucose and a broussonetia papyrifera starter, and adding vegetable oil (no soybean oil is added in the ingredients) to obtain a mixture A;

4) mixing: adding water (selectively added according to the table), soybean meal (selectively added according to the table), corn, wheat bran, premix and lysine into the mixture A, and uniformly mixing to obtain a mixture B;

5) mixing: spraying water into the mixture B, stirring, subpackaging into sealed storage bags, storing and fermenting for 3d to obtain fattening pig feed

The complete formula broussonetia papyrifera feed fermented in examples 1-6 is subjected to microorganism enrichment sequencing, and meanwhile, a control group is set, wherein the control group comprises: changing fermented paper mulberry feed into fresh paper mulberry powder. The abundance analysis at the sequencing genus level of the three main microorganisms is shown in FIG. 1. It is known that the fermented broussonetia papyrifera-containing feed can effectively improve the abundance of probiotic lactobacillus and bacillus flora and reduce the abundance of enterococcus flora. Enterococcus is widely found in the environment and intestinal tract, particularly in vertebrate feces, and is an important infectious pathogen next to staphylococcus in gram-positive bacteria. The enterococcus in the feed is mainly from pig manure returned to the field.

Example 7

Three experimental groups, namely a paper mulberry feed 1 group, a paper mulberry feed 2 group and a control group, are arranged in different feeding pens of the same colony house; broussonetia papyrifera feed 1 component stage is fed with the formulas of example 1, example 3 and example 5, broussonetia papyrifera feed 2 component stage is fed with the formulas of example 2, example 4 and example 6, and the control group is fed with the corresponding commercial feed. Randomly collecting 100 parts of serum for IgG and IgM determination in a nursing period, a growing period and a fattening period respectively, wherein the determination method is detailed in a commercial kit, and the results are shown in Table 7; the complete formula broussonetia papyrifera feed can obviously improve the antibody level of the pigs and enhance the disease resistance of the pigs.

TABLE 7 influence of different complete broussonetia papyrifera feeds on the immune index of swine

Note: p <0.05, indicating significant difference compared to control.

As can be seen from Table 7, the addition of the fermented paper mulberry feed can significantly improve the resistance of pigs in different periods.

The embodiments in the present description are described in a progressive manner, each embodiment focuses on differences from other embodiments, and the same and similar parts among the embodiments are referred to each other.

The previous description of the disclosed embodiments is provided to enable any person skilled in the art to make or use the present invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the generic principles defined herein may be applied to other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention. Thus, the present invention is not intended to be limited to the embodiments shown herein but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.

Claims (10)

1. A fermented paper mulberry feed is characterized in that the feed is prepared by ensiling crushed paper mulberry, and fermenting in anaerobic pit pile for more than or equal to 30 days.

2. The fermented broussonetia papyrifera feed as claimed in claim 1, wherein the length of the broussonetia papyrifera after being crushed is 2-3 cm.

3. The fermented paper mulberry feed according to claim 1, wherein the ensiling process comprises bundling of small segments, sealing of sealed bags, stacking and film covering, and the anaerobic pit stack fermentation condition is 20-35 ℃.

4. Use of a fermented paper mulberry feed according to any one of claims 1 to 3 for the preparation of a feed suitable for pigs of different ages in days.

5. A nursery pig feed, comprising: 30-40 parts of corn, 10-20 parts of fermented paper mulberry feed, 1-5 parts of wheat bran, 10-15 parts of soybean meal, 1-5 parts of premix, 0.5-2 parts of vegetable oil, 0.1-1 part of glucose, 0.1-1 part of lysine, 0.01-1 part of paper mulberry leavening agent and 30-40 parts of water.

6. The method for preparing the nursery pig feed as claimed in claim 5, which comprises the following steps:

1) weighing: weighing the raw materials according to the weight part ratio;

2) crushing: crushing the fermented paper mulberry feed;

3) mixing: uniformly mixing the crushed fermented broussonetia papyrifera feed with glucose and a broussonetia papyrifera starter, adding vegetable oil, and uniformly mixing to obtain a mixture A1;

4) mixing: adding corn, wheat bran, soybean meal, premix and lysine into the mixture A1, and uniformly mixing to obtain a mixture B1;

5) mixing: and spraying water into the mixture B1, uniformly stirring, subpackaging into sealed storage bags, and storing and fermenting for more than or equal to 3d to obtain the nursery pig feed.

7. A feed for finishing pigs, comprising: 20-30 parts of corn, 20-30 parts of fermented paper mulberry feed, 1-10 parts of wheat bran, 5-10 parts of soybean meal, 1-5 parts of premix, 0.1-1 part of glucose, 0.1-1 part of lysine, 0.01-1 part of paper mulberry leavening agent and 30-40 parts of water.

8. The method for preparing a feed for finishing pigs according to claim 7, comprising the following steps:

1) weighing: weighing the raw materials according to the weight part ratio;

2) crushing: crushing the fermented paper mulberry feed;

3) mixing: uniformly mixing the crushed fermented broussonetia papyrifera feed with glucose and a broussonetia papyrifera starter to obtain a mixture A2;

4) mixing: adding corn, wheat bran, soybean meal, premix and lysine into the mixture A2, and uniformly mixing to obtain a mixture B2;

5) mixing: and spraying water into the mixture B2, uniformly stirring, subpackaging into sealed storage bags, storing and fermenting for 3d to obtain the bred pig feed.

9. A feed for fattening pigs is characterized by comprising: 15-25 parts of corn, 60-75 parts of fermented broussonetia papyrifera feed, 10-20 parts of wheat bran, 1-3 parts of premix, 0.1-1 part of glucose, 0.1-1 part of lysine and 0.01-1 part of broussonetia papyrifera starter.

10. The method of preparing a finishing pig feed according to claim 9, comprising the steps of:

1) weighing: weighing the raw materials according to the weight part ratio;

2) crushing: crushing the fermented paper mulberry feed;

3) mixing: uniformly mixing the crushed fermented broussonetia papyrifera feed with glucose and a broussonetia papyrifera starter to obtain a mixture A3;

4) mixing: adding corn, wheat bran, premix and lysine into the mixture A3, and uniformly mixing to obtain a mixture B3;

5) mixing: and spraying water into the mixture B3, uniformly stirring, subpackaging into sealed storage bags, and storing and fermenting for 3d to obtain the feed for fattening pigs.

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