CN113812410B - 一种增效多杀霉素悬浮剂 - Google Patents

一种增效多杀霉素悬浮剂 Download PDF

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CN113812410B
CN113812410B CN202111177006.2A CN202111177006A CN113812410B CN 113812410 B CN113812410 B CN 113812410B CN 202111177006 A CN202111177006 A CN 202111177006A CN 113812410 B CN113812410 B CN 113812410B
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唐兴敏
刘立拴
崔晓红
贾成国
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Hebei Veyong Bio Chemical Co ltd
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Abstract

本发明涉及一种增效多杀霉素悬浮剂,属于农药悬浮剂技术领域,所述悬浮剂的活性成分包括多杀霉素和增效剂,所述多杀霉素和增效剂的总质量为悬浮剂总质量的5~25%。本发明采用全氟烷基聚氧乙烯醚与多杀霉素复配,能够有效提高多杀霉素防治刺吸式害虫梨木虱的作用效果,增强渗透性,可快速破解梨木虱分泌的粘液,能够使药液充分接触虫体,起到快速溶解、快速杀虫的作用,提高了药剂的速效性;多杀霉素及其制剂在光照条件下易分解,全氟烷基聚氧乙烯醚与多杀霉素复配制备成悬浮剂,能够起到抗光解的作用,提高了药剂稳定性,延长了药剂使用的持效期。

Description

一种增效多杀霉素悬浮剂
技术领域
本发明涉及一种增效多杀霉素悬浮剂,属于农药悬浮剂技术领域。
背景技术
多杀霉素是一种大环内酯类生物农药,对害虫具有快速触杀和胃毒作用,但无内吸作用;残效期较长,对一些害虫具有一定的杀卵作用,能有效控制的害虫包括鳞翅目、双翅目和缨翅目害虫,同时对鞘翅目、直翅目、膜翅目、等翅目、蚤目、革翅目和啮虫目的某些特定种类的害虫也有一定的毒杀作用,且该杀虫剂具有持效期长,低残留的优点。但多杀霉素在光照条件作用下,会被分解为无活性的化合物,保存、运输及使用过程中极易受到光照因素的影响而降解。
氟碳表面活性剂广泛应用于合成洗涤剂、化妆品、食品、橡胶、塑料、油墨等诸多行业。在感光材料中,主要用作润湿剂、乳化剂、抗静电剂等。氟碳表面活性剂自从用有机方法被合成以来,就引起了人们的广泛关注和兴趣,对其研究和应用随即迅速发展,在科技领域、工业和日常生活中与日俱增的重要意义也被普遍确认。全氟烷基聚氧乙烯醚为含氟非离子表面活性剂,主要用于塑料棚膜防雾剂、脱模剂、流平剂、润湿剂等。
梨木虱属同翅目木虱科,是梨树常见害虫,梨木虱以成、若虫刺吸芽、叶、嫩枝、花蕾汁液进行直接为害,若虫分泌黏液,引来蚜虫和煤污病菌,使叶片造成间接为害、出现褐斑而造成早期落叶,同时污染果实,严重影响梨的产量和品质,且梨木虱分泌的黏液可将虫体包裹,药液无法渗透到虫体,就没法杀死梨木虱,造成梨木虱极难防治。
发明内容
本发明的目的是提供一种增效多杀霉素悬浮剂,用于防治梨木虱,速效性强,持效期长。
为了实现上述目的,本发明采用的技术方案是:
一种增效多杀霉素悬浮剂,所述悬浮剂的活性成分包括多杀霉素和增效剂,所述多杀霉素和增效剂的总质量为悬浮剂总质量的5~25%。
本发明技术方案的进一步改进在于:所述增效剂为全氟烷基聚氧乙烯醚,分子式为C56F114O21
本发明技术方案的进一步改进在于:所述多杀霉素与增效剂的质量比为5:1~1:5。
本发明技术方案的进一步改进在于:所述悬浮剂还包括乳化剂、防冻剂、消泡剂、增稠剂和水。
本发明技术方案的进一步改进在于:所述乳化剂为烷基苯磺酸钙、壬基酚聚氧乙烯醚磷酸酯、脂肪醇聚氧乙烯醚、苯基酚聚氧乙基醚磷酸酯、苯乙烯聚氧乙烯醚硫酸铵盐、烷基联苯醚二磺酸镁盐、三乙醇胺盐、苯乙基酚聚氧乙基聚丙烯基醚、环氧乙烷-环氧丙烷嵌段共聚物、烷基芳基聚氧丙烯聚氧乙烯醚、山梨醇酐单硬脂酸酯和EO-PO嵌段聚合物中的一种或多种。
本发明技术方案的进一步改进在于:所述防冻剂为乙二醇、丙二醇、丙三醇、聚乙二醇和尿素中的一种。
本发明技术方案的进一步改进在于:所述消泡剂为有机硅油或异辛醇。
本发明技术方案的进一步改进在于:所述增稠剂为黄原胶和硅酸镁铝。
本发明技术方案的进一步改进在于:所述水为去离子水。
本发明技术方案的进一步改进在于:所述悬浮剂用于防治梨树上的梨木虱。
由于采用了上述技术方案,本发明取得的技术效果有:
本发明采用全氟烷基聚氧乙烯醚与多杀霉素复配,能够有效提高多杀霉素防治刺吸式害虫梨木虱的作用效果,增强渗透性,可快速破解梨木虱分泌的粘液,能够使药液充分接触虫体,起到快速溶解、快速杀虫的作用,提高了药剂的速效性;多杀霉素及其制剂在光照条件下易分解,全氟烷基聚氧乙烯醚与多杀霉素复配制备成悬浮剂,能够起到抗光解的作用,提高了药剂稳定性,延长了药剂使用的持效期。
本发明将全氟烷基聚氧乙烯醚与多杀霉素复配制备成悬浮剂,在防治梨木虱效果上具有明显的协同增效作用,安全环保。
具体实施方式
下面结合实施例对本发明做进一步详细说明。本发明保护范围不限于实施例,本领域技术人员在权利要求限定的范围内做出任何改动也属于本发明保护的范围。
一种增效多杀霉素悬浮剂,所述悬浮剂的活性成分包括多杀霉素和增效剂,所述多杀霉素和增效剂的总质量为悬浮剂总质量的5~25%,且多杀霉素与增效剂的质量比为5:1~1:5,所述增效剂为全氟烷基聚氧乙烯醚,分子式为C56F114O21
所述悬浮剂还包括乳化剂、防冻剂、消泡剂、增稠剂和水。所述乳化剂为烷基苯磺酸钙、壬基酚聚氧乙烯醚磷酸酯、脂肪醇聚氧乙烯醚、苯基酚聚氧乙基醚磷酸酯、苯乙烯聚氧乙烯醚硫酸铵盐、烷基联苯醚二磺酸镁盐、三乙醇胺盐、苯乙基酚聚氧乙基聚丙烯基醚、环氧乙烷-环氧丙烷嵌段共聚物、烷基芳基聚氧丙烯聚氧乙烯醚、山梨醇酐单硬脂酸酯和EO-PO嵌段聚合物中的一种或多种;所述防冻剂为乙二醇、丙二醇、丙三醇、聚乙二醇和尿素中的一种;所述消泡剂为有机硅油或异辛醇;所述增稠剂为黄原胶和硅酸镁铝;所述水为去离子水。所述悬浮剂用于防治梨树上的梨木虱。
实施例1
多杀霉素2.0%,全氟烷基聚氧乙烯醚3.0%,壬基酚聚氧乙烯醚磷酸酯3.0%,EO-PO嵌段聚合物2.0%,有机硅消泡剂0.3%,硅酸镁铝1.0%,黄原胶0.3%,乙二醇4.0%,去离子水补齐至100%。
制备工艺如下:根据配方要求,以水为介质,将有效成分、增效剂、乳化剂、消泡剂、增稠剂、防冻剂等组分按配方的比例混合均匀得到水悬浊液,25℃±5℃条件下,将得到的水悬浊液经砂磨机研磨60分钟后,再放入剪切机中剪切10分钟,制备成多杀霉素悬浮剂。
实施例2
多杀霉素15.0%,全氟烷基聚氧乙烯醚3.0%,壬基酚聚氧乙烯醚磷酸酯3.0%,EO-PO嵌段聚合物2.0%,有机硅消泡剂0.3%,硅酸镁铝1.0%,黄原胶0.3%,乙二醇4.0%,去离子水补齐至100%。
制备工艺同实施例1。
实施例3
多杀霉素2.0%,全氟烷基聚氧乙烯醚10.0%,壬基酚聚氧乙烯醚磷酸酯3.0%,EO-PO嵌段聚合物2.0%,有机硅消泡剂0.3%,硅酸镁铝1.0%,黄原胶0.3%,乙二醇4.0%,去离子水补齐至100%。
制备工艺同实施例1。
实施例4
多杀霉素15.0%,全氟烷基聚氧乙烯醚10.0%,壬基酚聚氧乙烯醚磷酸酯3.0%,EO-PO嵌段聚合物2.0%,有机硅消泡剂0.3%,硅酸镁铝1.0%,黄原胶0.3%,乙二醇4.0%,去离子水补齐至100%。
制备工艺同实施例1。
实施例5
多杀霉素5.0%,全氟烷基聚氧乙烯醚5.0%,壬基酚聚氧乙烯醚磷酸酯3.0%,EO-PO嵌段聚合物2.0%,有机硅消泡剂0.3%,硅酸镁铝1.0%,黄原胶0.3%,乙二醇4.0%,去离子水补齐至100%。
制备工艺同实施例1。
对比例1
多杀霉素5.0%,壬基酚聚氧乙烯醚磷酸酯3.0%,EO-PO嵌段聚合物2.0%,有机硅消泡剂0.3%,硅酸镁铝1.0%,黄原胶0.3%,乙二醇4.0%,去离子水补齐至100%。
制备工艺同实施例1。
对比例2
全氟烷基聚氧乙烯醚5.0%,壬基酚聚氧乙烯醚磷酸酯3.0%,EO-PO嵌段聚合物2.0%,有机硅消泡剂0.3%,硅酸镁铝1.0%,黄原胶0.3%,乙二醇4.0%,去离子水补齐至100%。
制备工艺同实施例1。
对比例3
多杀霉素5.0%,全氟烷基羧酸盐5.0%,壬基酚聚氧乙烯醚磷酸酯3.0%,EO-PO嵌段聚合物2.0%,有机硅消泡剂0.3%,硅酸镁铝1.0%,黄原胶0.3%,乙二醇4.0%,去离子水补齐至100%。
制备工艺同实施例1。
一、光照试验
为更好验证本发明的增效悬浮剂的光稳定性,将上述实施例1~5和对比例1、3进行光照试验。
将上述实施例1~5和对比例1及对比例3的制剂样品,分别取样放到25毫升石英管里,分别标记,并记为7个处理,每个处理两个石英管,分为两组,一组直接封口,另一组封口后用锡箔纸包裹避光,然后将两组石英管同时暴露在日光灯和近紫外灯下,重复试验3次,于处理的0天,3天,7天,14天取样检测,测定不同处理多杀霉素分解率。
表1 不同处理的光稳定性
Figure BDA0003295978940000051
Figure BDA0003295978940000061
光照试验结果表明,添加了全氟烷基聚氧乙烯醚的多杀霉素悬浮剂对光照稳定,14天光照照射条件下,分解率小于4.0%,解决了多杀霉素在光照条件下分解的问题。
二、室内生测试验
试验采用药膜法并加以改进:选择形状完整、生长良好、长势均一的无虫梨叶,洗去表面的灰尘,阴干备用。取干净梨叶分别在各处理药液中浸渍10秒,阴干后放在直径9cm的培养皿内备用,并用湿润脱脂棉包裹着叶柄处保湿,同时在培养皿底部放置含有适量水份的吸水纸,以保持培养皿内部湿度。然后用零号毛笔挑取大小一致、行动活泼的3龄若虫到上述处理过的叶片上,每叶30头,盖上培养皿盖,重复试验3次,另设清水对照,放入12H/12H光照培养箱(温度为25,湿度为60%)内培养,48小时检查活虫数,计算防治效果。
根据Gowing法确定混合物联合作用的效果评价,其公式为:
Eo=X+Y-XY/100
评价标准:当E-Eo>10%时,表示为协同增效作用;当-10%≤E-Eo≤10%时,表现协同相加作用;当E-Eo<-10%时,表示为协同拮抗作用。
式中,Eo为组分A和B以某种比例混合后对靶标害虫的防治效果的理论值或预期值,X为组分A单独使用时的百分防效,Y为组分B单独使用时的百分防效,E为组分A和B以某种比例混合后对靶标害虫的防治效果的实际值或观测值。
表2 对梨木虱的室内联合独立作用测定结果
Figure BDA0003295978940000071
注:上表中A多杀霉素,B全氟烷基聚氧乙烯醚。
从表2中数据可以看出,全氟烷基聚氧乙烯醚单用对防治梨木虱实际无效;多杀霉素与全氟烷基聚氧乙烯醚复配重量比1~5:5~1,对防治梨木虱具有协同增效作用。
三、田间药效试验
为更好验证本发明的增效悬浮剂的实际应用效果,取上述实施例1~5和对比例1~3产品分别进行防治梨木虱的田间药效试验。
梨木虱药效试验地点在石家庄市赵县,试验地区历年梨木虱发生危害严重,选取梨木虱危害严重的区域,试验设9个处理组(实施例1~5、对比例1~3和清水对照组),每组重复4次,共36个小区,栽培条件基本均匀一致,采用随机区组排列,每小区3颗梨树,每颗梨树选取5个试验点,定点统计梨木虱数量。施药前调查梨木虱虫口基数,药后3d、7d、15d调查虫口变化情况,统计叶片上的梨木虱活虫虫口的数量,计算梨木虱虫口减退率和防治效果,梨木虱虫口减退率及防效按照以下公式计算:
Figure BDA0003295978940000081
Figure BDA0003295978940000082
表3 大田药效结果
Figure BDA0003295978940000083
试验结果表明,本发明添加了全氟烷基聚氧乙烯醚的多杀霉素悬浮剂对梨木虱防治效果好,具有明显的增效作用,且延长了持效期,提高了有效成分的利用率,能够降低用药量,节约成本,减轻对环境的污染。
以上所述仅为本发明的较佳实施例而已,并不用以限制本发明,凡在本发明的精神和原则之内所作的任何修改、等同替换或改进等,均应包含在本发明的保护范围之内。

Claims (8)

1.一种增效多杀霉素悬浮剂,其特征在于:所述悬浮剂的活性成分包括多杀霉素和增效剂,所述多杀霉素和增效剂的总质量为悬浮剂总质量的5~25%,所述增效剂为全氟烷基聚氧乙烯醚,分子式为C56F114O21;所述悬浮剂用于防治梨树上的梨木虱。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种增效多杀霉素悬浮剂,其特征在于:所述多杀霉素与增效剂的质量比为5:1~1:5。
3.根据权利要求1所述的一种增效多杀霉素悬浮剂,其特征在于:所述悬浮剂还包括水以及乳化剂、防冻剂、消泡剂和增稠剂。
4.根据权利要求3所述的一种增效多杀霉素悬浮剂,其特征在于:所述乳化剂为烷基苯磺酸钙、壬基酚聚氧乙烯醚磷酸酯、脂肪醇聚氧乙烯醚、苯基酚聚氧乙基醚磷酸酯、苯乙烯聚氧乙烯醚硫酸铵盐、烷基联苯醚二磺酸镁盐、三乙醇胺盐、苯乙基酚聚氧乙基聚丙烯基醚、环氧乙烷-环氧丙烷嵌段共聚物、烷基芳基聚氧丙烯聚氧乙烯醚、山梨醇酐单硬脂酸酯和EO-PO 嵌段聚合物中的一种或多种。
5.根据权利要求3所述的一种增效多杀霉素悬浮剂,其特征在于:所述防冻剂为乙二醇、丙二醇、丙三醇、聚乙二醇和尿素中的一种。
6.根据权利要求3所述的一种增效多杀霉素悬浮剂,其特征在于:所述消泡剂为有机硅油或异辛醇。
7.根据权利要求3所述的一种增效多杀霉素悬浮剂,其特征在于:所述增稠剂为黄原胶和硅酸镁铝。
8.根据权利要求3所述的一种增效多杀霉素悬浮剂,其特征在于:所述水为去离子水。
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