CN113806919B - Deepwater stratum parameter prediction method based on riser external gas content monitoring - Google Patents
Deepwater stratum parameter prediction method based on riser external gas content monitoring Download PDFInfo
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- CN113806919B CN113806919B CN202110973277.2A CN202110973277A CN113806919B CN 113806919 B CN113806919 B CN 113806919B CN 202110973277 A CN202110973277 A CN 202110973277A CN 113806919 B CN113806919 B CN 113806919B
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- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 51
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 36
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 45
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 230000005514 two-phase flow Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 93
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 claims description 27
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000003345 natural gas Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000009545 invasion Effects 0.000 abstract description 11
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000035699 permeability Effects 0.000 description 18
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000013535 sea water Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000002159 abnormal effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002955 isolation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
- G06F30/00—Computer-aided design [CAD]
- G06F30/20—Design optimisation, verification or simulation
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B47/00—Survey of boreholes or wells
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B49/00—Testing the nature of borehole walls; Formation testing; Methods or apparatus for obtaining samples of soil or well fluids, specially adapted to earth drilling or wells
Abstract
The invention relates to a deepwater stratum parameter prediction method based on riser external gas content monitoring, which has the technical scheme that: firstly, according to a pre-established wellbore gas-liquid two-phase flow calculation model and an along-path friction equation, a gas-liquid two-phase density equation and a gas content calculation equation are used for obtaining a corresponding relation between the gas content and stratum parameters; drawing a plate of the corresponding relation between the gas content and the stratum parameters according to the obtained corresponding relation between the gas content and the stratum parameters, predicting the stratum parameters, and identifying and predicting the overflow condition of the shaft; the beneficial effects are that: according to the method, doppler ultrasonic monitoring technology and riser gas content monitoring are combined, a map of the corresponding relation between formation parameters and gas content is obtained based on a two-phase flow calculation model after gas invasion during drilling, and the formation parameters are predicted by using the map by combining the riser gas content monitoring result, so that the prediction of the formation parameters for monitoring the gas content outside the riser of the deep well is realized.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of oil and gas development, in particular to a deepwater stratum parameter prediction method based on riser external gas content monitoring.
Background
Along with the exploration and development of oil and gas wells, the oil and gas wells are gradually oriented to complicated geological condition areas such as deep sea, the drilling is mostly subjected to abnormal high-pressure stratum, gas invasion is easy to occur, drilling accidents such as blowout and the like are frequent, the drilling process is seriously influenced, and even drilling safety accidents are caused. Thus, prevention and control of blowouts is becoming increasingly important in deep water drilling processes.
The early monitoring of gas invasion is an important component part of well control, has important significance for improving the success rate of well control, the earlier the gas invasion is monitored, the smaller the change of bottom hole pressure is, the easier the well control measures are taken for overflow characteristics, the well control measures are beneficial to preventing blowout from being out of control, and after overflow occurs, the acquisition of formation parameters for reducing overflow consequences is also important, so how to predict the formation parameters becomes a key problem of deep water safety drilling according to the monitoring of the gas content outside a water isolation pipe after overflow occurs.
Chinese patent document publication No. CN107060737B presents a device and a method for simulating gas invasion while drilling, which show the effective role of Doppler ultrasonic detection means in gas invasion monitoring. Chinese patent publication No. CN110185433a discloses a method for monitoring riser gas invasion based on a method for analyzing the characteristics of water, which illustrates the feasibility of riser gas invasion monitoring in early gas invasion detection. However, due to extremely complicated underground conditions, no formation parameter prediction method for overflow is available at present, and particularly, a formation parameter prediction method for deep water based on monitoring of the out-of-riser gas content is available.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims at overcoming the defects of the prior art, and provides a deepwater stratum parameter prediction method based on riser external gas content monitoring.
The invention relates to a deepwater stratum parameter prediction method based on riser external gas content monitoring, which adopts the technical scheme that: the method comprises the following steps:
firstly, according to a pre-established wellbore gas-liquid two-phase flow calculation model and an along-path friction equation, a gas-liquid two-phase density equation and a gas content calculation equation are used for obtaining a corresponding relation between the gas content and stratum parameters;
drawing a plate of the corresponding relation between the gas content and the stratum parameter according to the obtained corresponding relation between the gas content and the stratum parameter;
3. monitoring sound wave monitoring data in the drilling process by using an ultrasonic Doppler detector, monitoring the gas content of a deep water well in real time, and drawing a relation curve of the gas content along with the well depth;
4. according to the drawn curve, the gas content and stratum parameter corresponding relation template obtained through calculation are combined, stratum parameters are predicted, and the overflow situation of a shaft is identified and predicted;
the pre-established wellbore gas-liquid two-phase flow calculation model comprises a gas-liquid two-phase continuity equation and a momentum equation, wherein:
equation of gas continuity:
wherein ,Eg -volume fraction of gas-invaded gas in the wellbore, v g The flow rate of the gas-invaded gas in the well bore,-gas intrusion gas density, t-gas intrusion time, z-is well depth;
continuity equation of drilling fluid:
wherein ,Em -volume fraction of circulating drilling fluid in the wellbore, v m The flow rate of the drilling fluid in the wellbore,-drilling fluid density;
momentum equation:
wherein p-pressure; f-friction along the journey.
Temperature field model:
wherein the T-temperature field.
Along equation Cheng Mazu:
。
preferably, the gas-liquid two-phase density equation includes:
density equation of gas:
wherein the deviation coefficient of Z-natural gas;-natural gas relative density;
density equation of drilling fluid:
further, the gas-liquid two-phase velocity equation includes:
bubble flow equation:
wherein ,qg Volumetric flow rate of gas-intrusion gas, q m -circulating drilling fluid volumetric flow, a-flow cross-sectional area;
the slug flow equation:
preferably, the above air content calculation equation includes:
the volume fraction equation of gas-invaded gas in the wellbore:
wherein ,gas intrusion gas conversion rate
Volume fraction equation of circulating drilling fluid in wellbore:
。
preferably, in the second step, acoustic wave monitoring data in the drilling process is monitored by an ultrasonic doppler detector, and an experimental curve is drawn, specifically:
an ultrasonic transmitter is arranged outside the marine riser at intervals of 100 meters, and an ultrasonic receiver is arranged at a corresponding position to monitor the air content of the corresponding position, so that sound wave monitoring data are obtained from the platform monitor; the ultrasonic transmitter adopts a 900V high-voltage generating device, so that ultrasonic waves with different frequencies penetrate through the wall of the water-proof pipe and gas-liquid two-phase fluid, and the quality of an acoustic wave monitoring signal is ensured; and drawing a relation chart of the gas content along with the well depth according to the data obtained by the experiment.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
1. in the deep water drilling process, an ultrasonic Doppler detector monitors the gas content in real time to obtain the change relation of the gas content along with the well depth, and the change relation is compared with a drawing board drawn by the invention to predict stratum parameters;
2. the drawn pattern relates to a plurality of stratum parameters, each curve represents the change relation between different stratum parameters and gas content, and the change relation can be used for predicting the underground state, so that the timely operation treatment is realized after the deepwater drilling overflow is found, and the well kick and blowout are prevented.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a formation parameter prediction method of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of an ultrasonic Doppler detector monitoring the gas content of a riser;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of an ultrasonic Doppler measurement;
fig. 4 is an exemplary plate and experimental diagram of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings, it being understood that the preferred embodiments described herein are for illustration and explanation of the present invention only, and are not intended to limit the present invention.
In embodiment 1, the invention provides a deepwater stratum parameter prediction method based on riser external gas content monitoring, according to a method flow chart shown in fig. 1, a corresponding relation between stratum parameters (permeability and the like) and gas content can be obtained by establishing a wellbore gas-liquid two-phase flow calculation model, further, a pattern of the change of the gas content along with well depth is drawn, and the stratum parameters (permeability and the like) are predicted by using the pattern in combination with the riser gas content monitoring result, so that deepwater well gas content monitoring and stratum parameter prediction are realized.
The specific method comprises the following steps:
1. obtaining parameters of deep water well
Comprising the following steps: water depth H, well depth H, sea water surface temperature T, circulation displacement L, drilling fluid physical density ρ and original stratum pressure P o ；
2. Establishing a wellbore gas-liquid two-phase flow calculation model, including a gas-liquid two-phase continuity equation and a momentum equation, setting stratum parameters (permeability and the like), and drawing a plate according to the calculation model and the deep water well parameters:
gas continuity equation:
wherein ,Eg -volume fraction of gas-invaded gas in the wellbore, v g The flow rate of the gas-invaded gas in the well bore,-gas intrusion gas density, t-gas intrusion time, z-is well depth;
drilling fluid continuity equation:
wherein ,Em -volume fraction of circulating drilling fluid in the wellbore, v m The flow rate of the drilling fluid in the wellbore,-drilling fluid density;
momentum equation:
wherein p-pressure; f-edge Cheng Mazu;
further, the temperature field model:
wherein, T-temperature field;
further along the friction equation:
further, the gas-liquid two-phase density equation includes:
gas density equation:
wherein the deviation coefficient of Z-natural gas;-natural gas relative density;
drilling fluid tightness equation:
further, the gas-liquid two-phase velocity equation includes:
bubble flow equation:
wherein ,qg Volumetric flow rate of gas-intrusion gas, q m -circulating drilling fluid volumetric flow, a-flow cross-sectional area;
the slug flow equation:
further, the air content calculation equation includes:
the volume fraction equation of gas-invaded gas in the wellbore:
wherein ,gas intrusion gas conversion rate
Volume fraction equation of circulating drilling fluid in wellbore:
。
3. and (3) carrying out experiments, monitoring acoustic wave monitoring data in the drilling process by using an ultrasonic Doppler detector, and drawing an experiment curve:
referring to fig. 2, a drilling platform is installed on the sea level, a platform monitor 1 is provided on the drilling platform, a marine riser 3, an ultrasonic transmitter 2 and an ultrasonic receiver 4 are provided under the sea level, a well is arranged under the seabed mud line, the ultrasonic transmitter 2 is installed at intervals outside the marine riser 3, the ultrasonic receiver 4 is installed at corresponding positions for monitoring the air content of the corresponding positions, and sound wave monitoring data are obtained from the platform monitor 1. The ultrasonic transmitter 2 adopts a 900V high-voltage generating device, so that ultrasonic waves with different frequencies penetrate through the wall of the water-proof pipe 3 and gas-liquid two-phase fluid, and the quality of an acoustic wave monitoring signal is ensured; and drawing a relation chart of the gas content along with the well depth according to the data obtained by the experiment.
4. Predicting formation parameters:
and (3) carrying the experimental curve into the plate through the plate obtained in the second step and the experimental curve obtained in the third step, comparing the data of the monitoring points, and finding out a data curve similar to the plate, wherein the stratum parameter represented by the curve on the plate is a reference value of the stratum parameter under the experimental condition.
Based on a mass conservation equation and a momentum equation of gas invasion during drilling, the influence of certain along-distance friction is considered, the influence of gas-liquid two-phase density and the influence of gas-liquid two-phase speed are considered, different initial value conditions are established for different conditions, a two-phase flow calculation model after gas invasion during drilling is established to establish the corresponding relation between formation parameters (permeability and the like) and gas content, a map of the corresponding relation between the formation parameters (permeability and the like) and the gas content is drawn, and the formation parameters (permeability and the like) are predicted according to the map by monitoring the gas content of a water-proof pipe, so that accurate results are provided for preventing blowout from losing control, identifying and monitoring overflow, and predicting the formation parameters, and reliable theoretical basis is provided for adopting different blowout control modes and the like for different subsequent overflow characteristics.
In the case of example 2,
the stratum parameter prediction method based on the monitoring of the gas content outside the marine riser after the deepwater well overflows comprises the following specific processes:
1. obtaining parameters of a deep well:
comprising the following steps: water depth h=1500m, well depth h=3500 m, sea water surface temperature t=105 ℃, circulation displacement l=30l/S, drilling fluid physical density ρ=1.2 g/cm 3 Original formation pressure P o =33MPa。
2. Establishing a wellbore gas-liquid two-phase flow calculation model, and drawing a plate according to the calculation model and deep water well parameters:
establishing a deep well gas-liquid two-phase flow model, including a gas-liquid two-phase continuity equation and a momentum equation, setting stratum parameters (permeability and the like), calculating to obtain a corresponding relation between the gas content and the stratum parameters (permeability and the like), and setting the stratum parameters to have permeability of 10md, 50md, 100md, 150md and 200md respectively. A graph of the relationship of gas content with well depth at different permeabilities is obtained, with particular reference to fig. 3.
3. And (3) carrying out experiments, monitoring acoustic wave data in the drilling process through an ultrasonic Doppler detector, and drawing an experiment curve:
referring to fig. 2, a drilling platform is installed on the sea level, a platform monitor 1 is provided on the drilling platform, a marine riser 3, an ultrasonic transmitter 2 and an ultrasonic receiver 4 are provided under the sea level, a well is arranged under the marine mud line, the ultrasonic transmitter 2 is installed at intervals of 100 meters outside the marine riser 3, the ultrasonic receiver 4 is installed at the corresponding position for monitoring the gas content of the corresponding position, and sound wave monitoring data are obtained from the platform monitor 1. The ultrasonic transmitter 2 adopts a 900V high-voltage generating device, so that ultrasonic waves with different frequencies penetrate through the wall of the water-proof pipe and gas-liquid two-phase fluid, and the quality of an acoustic wave monitoring signal is ensured. According to the experimental data, a relation chart of the gas content along with the well depth is drawn, specifically referring to fig. 4, the experimental data are drawn into curves, and compared with the chart, the experimental curves are found to be approximately consistent with the curves under the condition of the permeability of 100md, so that one permeability of the stratum parameters under the experimental condition can be predicted to be about 100md.
4. Predicting formation parameters:
and according to the measured relation curve of the gas content and the well depth under the condition, the real-time prediction of the stratum parameters is completed by using the plate. The following is a specific example of the determination of parameters under the different permeability conditions mentioned herein: and comparing the relation curve of the gas content and the well depth obtained by monitoring with the relation curve of the gas content and the well depth under the condition of bringing the permeability (10-200 md) into the template, and determining a curve basically similar to the relation curve, wherein the stratum parameters (permeability and the like) represented by the curve in the determined template are the required stratum parameters (permeability and the like). The data obtained by the experiment are plotted into a curve, and the curve is compared with a plate to find that the experiment curve is approximately matched with the curve under the condition of 100md of permeability, so that the reference value of the permeability of one stratum parameter under the experiment condition can be predicted to be 100md.
The above description is only a few preferred embodiments of the present invention, and any person skilled in the art may make modifications to the above described embodiments or make modifications to the same. Accordingly, the corresponding simple modifications or equivalent changes according to the technical scheme of the present invention fall within the scope of the claimed invention.
Claims (4)
1. A deepwater stratum parameter prediction method based on marine riser external gas content monitoring is characterized by comprising the following steps: the method comprises the following steps:
firstly, according to a pre-established wellbore gas-liquid two-phase flow calculation model and an along-path friction equation, a gas-liquid two-phase density equation and a gas content calculation equation are used for obtaining a corresponding relation between the gas content and stratum parameters;
drawing a plate of the corresponding relation between the gas content and the stratum parameter according to the obtained corresponding relation between the gas content and the stratum parameter;
3. monitoring sound wave monitoring data in the drilling process by using an ultrasonic Doppler detector, monitoring the gas content of a deep water well in real time, and drawing a relation curve of the gas content along with the well depth;
4. according to the drawn curve, the gas content and stratum parameter corresponding relation template obtained through calculation are combined, stratum parameters are predicted, and the overflow situation of a shaft is identified and predicted;
the pre-established wellbore gas-liquid two-phase flow calculation model comprises a gas-liquid two-phase continuity equation and a momentum equation, wherein:
equation of gas continuity:
，
wherein ,Eg -volume fraction of gas-invaded gas in the wellbore, v g The flow rate of the gas-invaded gas in the well bore,-gas intrusion gas density, t-gas intrusion time, z-is well depth;
continuity equation of drilling fluid:
，
wherein ,Em -volume fraction of circulating drilling fluid in the wellbore, v m The flow rate of the drilling fluid in the wellbore,-drilling fluid density;
momentum equation:
，
wherein p-pressure; f-edge Cheng Mazu;
temperature field model:
，
wherein, T-temperature field;
along equation Cheng Mazu:
。
2. the deepwater formation parameter prediction method based on riser external gas content monitoring according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps of:
the gas-liquid two-phase density equation comprises:
density equation of gas:
，
wherein the deviation coefficient of Z-natural gas;-natural gas relative density;
density equation of drilling fluid:
，
further, the gas-liquid two-phase velocity equation includes:
bubble flow equation:
，
wherein ,qg Volumetric flow rate of gas-intrusion gas, q m -circulating drilling fluid volumetric flow, a-flow cross-sectional area;
the slug flow equation:
。
3. the deepwater formation parameter prediction method based on riser external gas content monitoring according to claim 2, wherein the method comprises the following steps of:
the air content calculation equation comprises:
the volume fraction equation of gas-invaded gas in the wellbore:
，
wherein ,gas intrusion gas conversion rate
Volume fraction equation of circulating drilling fluid in wellbore:
。
4. the deepwater formation parameter prediction method based on riser external gas content monitoring according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps of:
in the second step, monitoring acoustic wave monitoring data in the drilling process by an ultrasonic Doppler detector, and drawing an experimental curve, specifically:
an ultrasonic transmitter is arranged outside the marine riser at intervals of 100 meters, and an ultrasonic receiver is arranged at a corresponding position to monitor the air content of the corresponding position, so that sound wave monitoring data are obtained from the platform monitor; the ultrasonic transmitter adopts a 900V high-voltage generating device, so that ultrasonic waves with different frequencies penetrate through the wall of the water-proof pipe and gas-liquid two-phase fluid, and the quality of an acoustic wave monitoring signal is ensured; and drawing a relation chart of the gas content along with the well depth according to the data obtained by the experiment.
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Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105545285A (en) * | 2015-10-22 | 2016-05-04 | 中国石油大学(华东) | Deepwater drilling well gas cut monitoring method based on marine riser gas-liquid two-phase flow identification |
| CN209212227U (en) * | 2018-09-18 | 2019-08-06 | 中国石油天然气集团有限公司 | Transmission-type ultrasonic wave gas cut monitors imitative experimental appliance |
| CN113032987A (en) * | 2021-03-11 | 2021-06-25 | 西南石油大学 | Dynamic analysis method for gas invasion characteristic of drilling without marine riser |
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| AU2019212793A1 (en) * | 2018-01-23 | 2020-09-17 | Tyco Fire Products Lp | System and method for monitoring and controlling a fire suppression system |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105545285A (en) * | 2015-10-22 | 2016-05-04 | 中国石油大学(华东) | Deepwater drilling well gas cut monitoring method based on marine riser gas-liquid two-phase flow identification |
| CN209212227U (en) * | 2018-09-18 | 2019-08-06 | 中国石油天然气集团有限公司 | Transmission-type ultrasonic wave gas cut monitors imitative experimental appliance |
| CN113032987A (en) * | 2021-03-11 | 2021-06-25 | 西南石油大学 | Dynamic analysis method for gas invasion characteristic of drilling without marine riser |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
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| 深水钻井沿隔水管超声波气侵实时监测技术研究;耿亚楠;李轶明;朱磊;马昭华;朱连望;周云健;;中国海上油气(01);全文 * |
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