CN113805056B - Intelligent on-line traction motor insulation fault monitoring method - Google Patents
Intelligent on-line traction motor insulation fault monitoring method Download PDFInfo
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- CN113805056B CN113805056B CN202111100857.7A CN202111100857A CN113805056B CN 113805056 B CN113805056 B CN 113805056B CN 202111100857 A CN202111100857 A CN 202111100857A CN 113805056 B CN113805056 B CN 113805056B
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- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 22
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
- G01R31/34—Testing dynamo-electric machines
- G01R31/343—Testing dynamo-electric machines in operation
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
- G01R31/12—Testing dielectric strength or breakdown voltage ; Testing or monitoring effectiveness or level of insulation, e.g. of a cable or of an apparatus, for example using partial discharge measurements; Electrostatic testing
- G01R31/1227—Testing dielectric strength or breakdown voltage ; Testing or monitoring effectiveness or level of insulation, e.g. of a cable or of an apparatus, for example using partial discharge measurements; Electrostatic testing of components, parts or materials
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for intelligently monitoring insulation faults of a traction motor on line, which comprises the following steps: s1: judging whether a current signal exists after the IGBT control pulse is turned off in the running process of the train; s2: determining whether it is an insulation fault of the traction motor; s3: if the traction motor insulation fault is judged, judging the damage level of the traction motor insulation fault; s4: the intelligent operation and maintenance system automatically discharges corresponding maintenance plans. The invention monitors the current generated by the residual magnetism of the motor, thereby carrying out intelligent diagnosis of the insulation fault of the traction motor on line. The existing resources of the traction inverter are utilized in the train operation, the insulation fault condition of the traction motor is monitored and diagnosed on line, the intelligent diagnosis of the insulation fault of the traction motor in the train operation can be realized, the intelligent operation and maintenance of a train traction system can be effectively supported, the accuracy of the insulation detection of the traction motor is improved, and the reliability of the operation of the traction system is improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of traction motors, in particular to a method for intelligently monitoring insulation faults of a traction motor on line.
Background
At present, the construction of the strong traffic country in China is in the state of being outstanding, and intelligent railways and intelligent urban rails are taken as important components of the intelligent traffic in China and are becoming the technical development trend of the rail traffic equipment industry. Rail transit equipment technology is rapidly developing towards intelligence, rapidness, greenness, high safety and high reliability.
The intelligent operation and maintenance is an important embodiment of the rail transit equipment technology, and is a basic guarantee for realizing the rapidness, the high efficiency, the high safety and the high reliability of train operation and maintenance. The traction system is a core power system of rail transit equipment, the traction motor is a key power component of the traction system, and an intelligent on-line fault diagnosis technology for the traction motor is an important content for realizing intelligent operation and maintenance of the traction system. According to statistics and investigation reports of industries, insulation faults, bearing faults and the like of a traction motor belong to major faults which seriously affect the safe operation of a train, wherein the insulation faults of the traction motor possibly cause the serious faults of explosion of a traction inverter, isolation of a traction system, even top net and the like in the operation of the train. Therefore, how to carry out intelligent diagnosis on the insulation condition of the traction motor on line in the running process of the train, related fault hidden dangers can be diagnosed at the initial stage of insulation damage of the motor, and the intelligent diagnosis method has great practical significance for guaranteeing safe and reliable running of the train.
The existing insulation diagnosis of the traction motor is carried out by manually monitoring and judging the whole course after the train returns to the warehouse, and the working time and labor are wasted and the efficiency is low. Particularly in rainy and snowy days, the explosion fault of the traction inverter is caused by the fact that the traction motor is easy to water and insulate and damaged. In the existing online traction motor online monitoring method, a current sensor is needed to be additionally arranged in the traction inverter, leakage monitoring can only be carried out on a large system consisting of the traction inverter and peripheral components thereof such as a filter reactor, a brake resistor, a traction motor and the like, whether the leakage current of the component is overlarge cannot be judged, whether insulation damage of the traction motor cannot be effectively determined or not can not be effectively determined, and after a train returns to a warehouse, whole-process manual inspection still needs to be carried out for determination. The train warehouse-returning detection method is time-consuming and labor-consuming, the traction motor wiring is not allowed to be frequently disassembled and assembled, and the method is not suitable for daily maintenance work.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a method for intelligently monitoring insulation faults of a traction motor on line, which aims to overcome the technical problems.
A method for intelligently monitoring insulation faults of a traction motor on line includes the following steps:
s1: in the control software of the traction control unit, an intelligent monitoring software module is arranged to judge whether a current signal detected by an output current sensor of the traction inverter exists after the IGBT control pulse is turned off in the running process of the train;
s2: if the current signal is not detected, judging that no motor insulation fault occurs: if the current signal is detected, analyzing the current signal by the intelligent monitoring software module to determine whether the traction motor insulation fault exists;
s3: if the traction motor insulation fault is judged, the intelligent monitoring software module continues to analyze, so that the insulation fault damage level of the traction motor is judged;
s4: and the intelligent operation and maintenance system automatically discharges a corresponding maintenance plan according to the received traction motor insulation fault signal sent by the traction control unit.
Further, in the step S2, the method for determining whether the traction motor is an insulation fault is as follows:
if the intelligent monitoring software module detects that the waveform of the current signal is a positive half-wave sine waveform, judging that the traction motor insulation fault occurs;
and if the intelligent monitoring software module monitors that the waveform of the current signal is not a positive half-wave sine waveform, judging that the traction motor insulation fault does not occur.
Further, the method for judging the insulation fault damage level of the traction motor in the step S3 is as follows: and analyzing the amplitude of the positive half-wave sine waveform by the intelligent monitoring software module to judge the insulation fault damage level of the traction motor.
The invention discloses an intelligent on-line monitoring traction motor insulation fault method, which is an intelligent diagnosis method for on-line monitoring of motor insulation designed for intelligent operation and maintenance of rail transit trains, and monitors current generated by motor remanence so as to conduct intelligent diagnosis of traction motor insulation fault on line. The existing resources of the traction inverter are utilized in the train operation, the insulation fault condition of the traction motor is monitored and diagnosed on line, the intelligent diagnosis of the insulation fault of the traction motor in the train operation can be realized, the intelligent operation and maintenance of a train traction system can be effectively supported, the accuracy of the insulation detection of the traction motor is improved, and the reliability of the operation of the traction system is improved.
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In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions of the prior art, the drawings that are needed in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly described below, it will be obvious that the drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the present invention, and that other drawings can be obtained according to these drawings without inventive effort to a person skilled in the art.
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of a method for intelligent on-line monitoring of traction motor insulation faults according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a circuit topology analysis of a method for intelligently monitoring insulation faults of a traction motor on line;
FIG. 3a is a schematic diagram of a monitored current waveform when no insulation fault occurs in the motor according to the method for intelligently monitoring insulation faults of a traction motor on line of the present invention;
FIG. 3b is a schematic diagram of a monitored current waveform when an insulation fault occurs in a motor according to the method for intelligently monitoring insulation faults of a traction motor on line of the present invention;
fig. 4 is a flowchart of embedded control software for the method of intelligent on-line monitoring of traction motor insulation failure according to the present invention.
Wherein: A. a power supply network; B. a pantograph; C. a brake resistor; D. a traction motor; E. high-speed circuit breaker.
Detailed Description
For the purpose of making the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention more apparent, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is apparent that the described embodiments are some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
The invention discloses a method for intelligently monitoring insulation faults of a traction motor on line, which comprises the following steps: as shown in fig. 4.
Under normal conditions, when the train is in a long-time idle working condition or some protection working conditions and the IGBT control pulse is required to be turned off, the rotating traction motor can induce a certain counter electromotive force on the stator side due to the existence of short-time remanence of the traction motor. Because the asynchronous motor is internally provided with a magnetic field generated by current excitation, the traction inverter does not output current to the motor after the IGBT is turned off, the magnetic field established by the current in the motor before the IGBT is turned off can disappear within tens of milliseconds, and the part of the rapidly-disappeared magnetic field is remanence. The remanence must be less than the steady magnetic field established when there is current, so the back emf generated by the remanence must be lower than the bus voltage. Under normal conditions where the withstand voltage conditions of the various components of the traction system are good, no current is generated to flow through the current sensor, since the IGBT has been turned off and the freewheeling diode is reversed, as shown in fig. 2. The residual magnetism of the motor can induce current on the rotor side in the motor, namely, according to the electromagnetic induction principle, the squirrel cage structure of the rotor forms a loop, the rotating rotor squirrel cage can induce current in a residual magnetism magnetic field, the current can only flow in the rotor squirrel cage, and the current can be converted into heat energy under the action of loop resistance and is rapidly consumed in a heat energy form.
However, in the event of a failure of the traction motor due to insulation damage, the motor stator windings may have a low resistance path or a local short circuit to the motor housing. Because the motor shell is connected with the bogie and the car body, and the input direct current negative terminal is also connected with the car body, the electric speaking is that the motor stator winding forms a connected loop through the insulation damage and the direct current negative terminal, and the circuit topology analysis is shown in figure 2. Because of the electric loop, the counter electromotive force generated by remanence can sequentially pass through the motor stator winding, the insulation damage, the motor shell, the vehicle body, the direct current negative terminal, the flywheel diode of the inverter IGBT and the motor lead wire and then return to the stator winding to form a closed electric loop, so that a positive half-wave sinusoidal current waveform is generated at the output side of the inverter, the current waveform is a positive half-wave sinusoidal current waveform with the amplitude decreasing one by one, the current period is consistent with the motor rotating speed, and the amplitude and the remanence synchronously attenuate to zero. In the event of a failure of the traction motor due to insulation damage, a typical graph of the subsequent current waveforms detected by the output current sensors SC3 and SC4 is shown in fig. 3. Therefore, the invention monitors the current generated by the residual magnetism of the motor, thereby carrying out intelligent diagnosis of the insulation fault of the traction motor on line. The method comprises the following steps:
s1: in the control software of the traction control unit, an intelligent monitoring software module is arranged to judge whether a current signal detected by an output current sensor of the traction inverter exists after the IGBT control pulse is turned off in the running process of the train;
preferably, the present embodiment uses existing resources of the traction inverter, that is, three-phase output current sensors SC3 and SC4, to determine the leakage condition of the traction motor, thereby implementing intelligent determination of insulation damage condition of the traction motor.
Specifically, in mature embedded control software of the traction control unit, an intelligent monitoring software module for insulation monitoring of a traction motor is arranged, when a train runs, under a long-time idle working condition or some protection working conditions, IGBT control pulses need to be turned off, the intelligent monitoring software module can judge that currents detected by output current sensors SC3 and SC4 of the traction inverter are monitored after the IGBT control pulses are turned off in the running of the train, as shown in an attached figure 1;
the intelligent monitoring software module monitors the currents detected by the output current sensors SC3 and SC4 of the traction inverter through a given monitoring program; the monitoring program can be used for analyzing and monitoring whether the output current sensor detects the current signal or not, further analyzing the waveform characteristic and the amplitude of the current under the condition that the current is judged to exist, and further determining the fault type and the fault grade according to the waveform characteristic and the amplitude of the current.
S2: after the IGBT control pulse is turned off, if the current signal is not detected, judging that the motor insulation fault does not occur;
if the current signal is detected, analyzing the current signal by the intelligent monitoring software module to determine whether the traction motor insulation fault exists; after the IGBT control pulse is turned off, if the output current sensor of the traction inverter does not detect a current signal, judging that no motor insulation fault occurs;
if the output current sensor of the traction inverter detects a current signal, judging that the traction motor is likely to fail, and continuing to judge the insulation condition of the motor at the moment;
the method for determining whether the traction motor has insulation faults is as follows:
if the intelligent monitoring software module monitors that the waveform of the current signal detected by the output current sensor of the traction inverter is a positive half-wave sine waveform, judging that the traction motor insulation fault occurs;
if the intelligent monitoring software module monitors that the waveform of the current signal detected by the output current sensor of the traction inverter is not a positive half-wave sine waveform, judging that the traction motor insulation fault does not occur;
if the intelligent monitoring software module monitors that the waveform of the current signal detected by the output current sensor of the traction inverter is a positive half-wave sine waveform, judging that the traction motor insulation fault occurs; at the moment, executing a shutdown protection function of the traction inverter, and reporting an insulation fault information code of the traction motor;
if the intelligent monitoring software module monitors that the waveform of the current signal detected by the output current sensor of the traction inverter is not a positive half-wave sine waveform, judging that the traction motor insulation fault does not occur; but rather traction inverter failure; and reporting the fault information code of the traction inverter.
Specifically, in one embodiment of the present invention, the software in the intelligent monitoring software module that detects the current signal detected by the output current sensor of the traction inverter analyzes the current signal, and adopts a maximum correlation coefficient method, and adopts different waveform recognition methods for traction motors with different voltage levels and power levels. The method comprises the following steps: waveform identification is carried out on the collected fault current signals, and the specific steps are as follows: extracting time domain characteristic parameters of the current signals detected by the acquired output current sensor, carrying out phase alignment with a preset positive half-wave sine wave, then calculating a maximum correlation coefficient (namely similarity), judging a matching waveform when the similarity is more than or equal to 0.7, recognizing that the monitored current waveform is a positive half-wave sine wave, and correspondingly determining that the monitored current waveform is an insulation fault of the traction motor; when the similarity is smaller than 0.7, namely the non-matching waveform is judged, the monitored current waveform is not a positive half-wave sine shape and is not considered to be the traction motor insulation fault.
S3: if the traction motor insulation fault is judged, the intelligent monitoring software module continues to analyze, so that the insulation fault damage level of the traction motor is judged;
the method for judging the insulation fault damage level of the traction motor comprises the following steps: and analyzing the amplitude of the positive half-wave sine waveform by the intelligent monitoring software module to judge the insulation fault damage level of the traction motor.
Specifically, when judging the insulation fault of the traction motor, the intelligent monitoring software module analyzes the amplitude of the positive half-wave sine waveform, and correspondingly reports the fault grade corresponding to different insulation damage degrees according to different amplitudes, so as to judge the insulation damage degree of the motor. The intelligent monitoring software module analyzes the detected amplitude of the positive half-wave sine waveform and can judge the insulation fault damage level of the traction motor. The amplitudes of the characteristic currents of traction motors with different voltage levels and power levels after insulation damage are different. In one embodiment of the invention, the amplitude of the characteristic current is set for the traction motor to correspond to three damage levels: reaching 10A corresponding to slight damage; reaching 60A corresponding moderate injury; reaching 200A corresponds to severe injury.
S4: and the intelligent operation and maintenance system automatically discharges a corresponding maintenance plan according to the received traction motor insulation fault signal sent by the traction control unit.
Specifically, in this embodiment, the intelligent operation and maintenance system automatically installs and discharges the corresponding maintenance plan according to the insulation fault signal of the traction motor sent by the traction control unit and according to different insulation fault damage levels of the traction motor. The intelligent operation and maintenance system is an existing mature product and can make corresponding maintenance contents according to various fault information codes sent by the traction control unit. Specifically, the intelligent operation and maintenance system correspondingly discharges a maintenance plan according to the received insulation fault damage level of the traction motor: corresponding to slight damage, allowing the train to keep running, prompting the need of manual traction motor withstand voltage test detection after the train enters warehouse; corresponding to medium damage, immediately prohibiting the corresponding traction inverter from working, allowing the train to run under load, and requiring the manual traction motor withstand voltage test detection and necessary insulation recovery treatment after the train is put in storage; and immediately prohibiting the corresponding traction inverter from working corresponding to the serious damage, requiring the train to be immediately taken off line, and requiring the train to be put in storage to replace the traction motor.
In another embodiment of the invention, the three phases of the traction inverter are all provided with output current sensors, and the current generated by the three-phase output current sensors can be monitored by using the method for detecting the insulation fault of the traction motor.
Because the positions of the insulation damages of the traction motor are different and the initial value of the residual magnetism of the motor is different, the waveform shape of the leakage current and the number of wave heads are different, but the actual waveform is a positive half-wave sine current waveform.
When the waveform of the current signal detected by the intelligent monitoring software module is not a positive half-wave sine waveform, judging that the current signal is not the insulation fault of the traction motor, but is a traction inverter fault, further monitoring the traction inverter is needed, reporting a traction inverter fault code, and confirming a fault reason so as to prevent safety accidents caused by the traction inverter.
It should be noted that, in the intelligent monitoring software module, other methods, such as a mature fourier analysis method, or a bitmap analysis software module, are adopted to monitor the current signal detected by the output current sensor of the traction inverter, so as to determine whether there is an insulation fault of the traction motor, and different waveform recognition methods are adopted for the traction motors with different voltage levels and power levels, which belong to the protection scope of the present invention. :
the invention has the following beneficial effects:
1. the three-phase output current sensor of the traction inverter is utilized, no additional sensor is needed, the structure of the whole system can be simplified, and the cost can be reduced.
2. The method can carry out intelligent on-line monitoring on the insulation condition of the traction motor in the running process of the train, and does not need to carry out time-consuming and labor-consuming manual inspection offline after the train returns to a warehouse and stops running.
3. The method can effectively carry out intelligent diagnosis on the insulation condition of the traction motor and support intelligent operation and maintenance of a train traction system.
Finally, it should be noted that: the above embodiments are only for illustrating the technical solution of the present invention, and not for limiting the same; although the invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: the technical scheme described in the foregoing embodiments can be modified or some or all of the technical features thereof can be replaced by equivalents; such modifications and substitutions do not depart from the spirit of the invention.
Claims (2)
1. The intelligent on-line traction motor insulation fault monitoring method is characterized in that a strategy of the on-line traction motor insulation fault monitoring method comprises the following steps:
s1: in the control software of the traction control unit, an intelligent monitoring software module is arranged to judge whether a current signal detected by an output current sensor of the traction inverter exists after the IGBT control pulse is turned off in the running process of the train;
s2: if the current signal is not detected, judging that no motor insulation fault occurs: if the current signal is detected, analyzing the current signal by the intelligent monitoring software module to determine whether the traction motor insulation fault exists;
in the step S2, the method for determining whether the traction motor insulation fault exists is as follows:
if the intelligent monitoring software module detects that the waveform of the current signal is a positive half-wave sine waveform, judging that the traction motor insulation fault occurs;
if the intelligent monitoring software module monitors that the waveform of the current signal is not a positive half-wave sine waveform, judging that the traction motor insulation fault does not occur;
s3: if the traction motor insulation fault is judged, the intelligent monitoring software module continues to analyze, so that the insulation fault damage level of the traction motor is judged;
s4: and the intelligent operation and maintenance system automatically discharges a corresponding maintenance plan according to the received traction motor insulation fault signal sent by the traction control unit.
2. The method for intelligently monitoring insulation faults of the traction motor on line according to claim 1, wherein the method for judging the insulation fault damage level of the traction motor in the step S3 is as follows: and analyzing the amplitude of the positive half-wave sine waveform by the intelligent monitoring software module to judge the insulation fault damage level of the traction motor.
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