CN113802989A - Ultrahigh working layer involute type water gap diamond-impregnated bit and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Ultrahigh working layer involute type water gap diamond-impregnated bit and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 16
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- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 68
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 37
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 230000002441 reversible effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 230000002787 reinforcement Effects 0.000 claims description 105
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 claims description 41
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 29
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 28
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims description 28
- 230000036346 tooth eruption Effects 0.000 claims description 27
- 229910003460 diamond Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 24
- 239000010432 diamond Substances 0.000 claims description 24
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 claims description 20
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- LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene glycol Chemical compound OCCO LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B10/00—Drill bits
- E21B10/46—Drill bits characterised by wear resisting parts, e.g. diamond inserts
- E21B10/54—Drill bits characterised by wear resisting parts, e.g. diamond inserts the bit being of the rotary drag type, e.g. fork-type bits
- E21B10/55—Drill bits characterised by wear resisting parts, e.g. diamond inserts the bit being of the rotary drag type, e.g. fork-type bits with preformed cutting elements
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F5/00—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the special shape of the product
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F7/00—Manufacture of composite layers, workpieces, or articles, comprising metallic powder, by sintering the powder, with or without compacting wherein at least one part is obtained by sintering or compression
- B22F7/06—Manufacture of composite layers, workpieces, or articles, comprising metallic powder, by sintering the powder, with or without compacting wherein at least one part is obtained by sintering or compression of composite workpieces or articles from parts, e.g. to form tipped tools
- B22F7/08—Manufacture of composite layers, workpieces, or articles, comprising metallic powder, by sintering the powder, with or without compacting wherein at least one part is obtained by sintering or compression of composite workpieces or articles from parts, e.g. to form tipped tools with one or more parts not made from powder
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F5/00—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the special shape of the product
- B22F2005/001—Cutting tools, earth boring or grinding tool other than table ware
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Abstract
The ultrahigh working layer involute water gap diamond-impregnated bit and the preparation method thereof, wherein a plurality of first slurry resisting structures and a plurality of second slurry resisting structures are vertically and alternately distributed in a water gap of a bit working part; a through U-shaped groove and a rectangular hole are respectively formed in the first slurry blocking structure and the second slurry blocking structure on the inner diameter side and the outer diameter side of the drill bit, and a water blocking sheet is arranged in the U-shaped groove; the outer water course and the interior water course and the middle runner intercommunication of drill bit work portion, no matter be positive circulation or reverse circulation, the drilling fluid all can pass through smoothly, including the interdental first layer strengthen or interior interdental second floor strengthen when just wearing and tearing completely, the second hinders the structural or first tie point that link up U type groove in the structural U type mouth of mud that link up of mud department that is worn out completely totally, the piece that hinders drops automatically to radial outwards pushed out along the drill bit under the pump pressure, generate the new mouth of a river.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the fields of geological drilling and oil and gas drilling, in particular to a super-high working layer involute water gap diamond-impregnated bit and a preparation method thereof.
Background
The drill bit is an essential and important component in the drilling technology, and the efficiency and the life of the drill bit directly influence the whole drilling period, cost and effect. The drill bit is one of the largest used objects in all consumption lists of drilling, the service life of the drill bit directly determines the drilling and tripping frequency, and the drilling efficiency and the service life of the drill bit jointly determine the drilling and drilling efficiency and the drilling period. Therefore, professional technicians at home and abroad start with the formula of the diamond material and the matrix material of the drill bit, the preparation process, the structure of the cutting teeth of the drill bit and the like respectively, a great deal of research is carried out, great progress is made in the last ten years, and the overall performance of the drill bit is greatly improved. However, the beauty is that the life and efficiency of the drill bit still do not meet the ideal requirements. In the aspect of materials, the working layer material of the matrix of the cutting teeth of the diamond-impregnated bit mainly plays a role in wrapping single crystal diamond and bearing various stresses from diamond-cut rocks, and mainly comprises framework powder, dipping alloy, some trace elements and other materials. However, the brittleness of the working layer of the existing drill bit matrix is larger, the height of the teeth of the existing drill bit matrix is greatly limited, and the height of the matrix of the highest working layer reported in the world at present is 26mm, and three layers of water gaps are arranged. However, the deeper the drilling depth, the more stringent the life requirements of the drill bit. Therefore, in deep hole drilling, the drill bit with long service life plays an important role in reducing the times of tripping and replacing the drill bit, prolonging the pure drilling time of the drill bit, improving the drilling bench-moon efficiency and reducing the drilling cost. For this reason, scholars and engineers at home and abroad seek to improve the life of the drill bit, with increasing the height of the cutting teeth of diamond-impregnated drill bits being a preferred solution.
In a Golden Jet diamond-impregnated drill bit developed in Sweden abroad, the height of a cutting tooth of the drill bit is 16mm, the width of the cutting tooth is wider, so that higher strength is kept, and meanwhile, slurry can be effectively dispersed by an inner slotting configuration, so that the slurry can better cool and lubricate the drill bit, but the matrix height is also limited due to the cooling of the drill bit and the circulation of the slurry; the CULCAN-26 type drill developed in Canada has the cutting teeth with the height as high as 26mm, and reinforcing ribs are arranged between the teeth, so that the drill aims to strengthen the strength of a high matrix, but the drill has the advantages that the powder carrying capacity of slurry is weaker, the phenomenon of repeated crushing of rock debris is easy to occur, and the requirement on the pump capacity is higher; the Ultramatrix drill bit developed in the United states designs 3 layers of water gaps, increases the height of cutting teeth of the drill bit, can continuously play a role in the second layer of water gaps after the first layer of water gaps are worn, and by analogy, the drill bit is always ensured to be cooled and chip removed in the service life of the whole drill bit, but the problem of cooling of the drill bit and the problem of powder carrying capacity of slurry cannot be fundamentally solved in the form.
And (4) domestic. The height of the cutting tooth is 16mm, which is researched by the research institute of mineral exploration engineering in Beijing of the Chinese geological survey bureau. The cutting tooth height of the double-layer water gap drill bit developed by the Seisan coal science research institute reaches 22mm, and the drilling life is improved by nearly half. The self-regeneration water gap drill bit developed by Jilin university, the water gaps of the second layer and the third layer are hidden water gaps, the space of the water gaps is occupied by graphite materials before coming out, when the water gap of the first layer is about to end, the hidden water gap of the second layer can be gradually exposed and can quickly form a new water gap in a very short time, but the mode is theoretically feasible, and the water gap is not exposed in time according to theoretical assumption in actual work. In addition, tin-free geological equipment companies developed high matrix reinforcing rib diamond-impregnated drill bits, the height of the cutting teeth of the drill bits is 16mm, and the service life of the drill bits is improved by more than 2 times of that of the drill bits with the conventional cutting teeth.
In spite of the current situation of high matrix drill bits at home and abroad, three technical problems exist at present: the method is characterized in that firstly, a matrix formula and a processing technology of a complex structure of the ultrahigh working layer are manufactured, when the ultrahigh working layer diamond-impregnated bit is manufactured, in order to ensure the strength of a cutting tooth of the bit, a relatively complex structure is adopted to ensure the strength of the bit, and if the ultrahigh working layer diamond-impregnated bit is manufactured, the problems of the matrix formula and the processing technology are solved firstly; secondly, the strength of the drill bit teeth of the ultrahigh working layer is reduced along with the increase of the drill bit matrix, and the height of the drill bit matrix is limited by the strength of the cutting teeth; thirdly, the matrix is increased to cause the problems of drill bit cooling and slurry powder carrying capacity, the height of a water gap is increased along with the increase of the matrix height, and the slurry tends to flow in the direction with small resistance because the water gap is higher, so most of the slurry can circulate from a water diversion port (a water gap at the root of a tooth) at the upper part of the hole bottom, which is called as 'false circulation', and the existence of the 'false circulation' reduces the cooling capacity and the slurry powder carrying capacity of the drill bit.
The invention provides a low-temperature matrix impregnating material of a rock cutting tool and a preparation method thereof in 2019, the patent number is 201910297863.2, and discloses a formula of the low-temperature matrix impregnating material for a non-pressure impregnation sintering method of a drill bit, the formula greatly reduces the sintering temperature of the drill bit and can greatly reduce the negative influence of high temperature on the performance of single crystal diamond, the low-temperature matrix impregnating material in the invention is combined with the non-pressure impregnation method, and can easily burn a diamond-impregnated drill bit with a complex structure, the invention enables the firing of a high-quality ultrahigh working layer matrix diamond-impregnated drill bit to be possible, and the formula and the non-pressure impregnation method solve one of three problems of the research of the ultrahigh working layer drill bit at present: the invention also provides a working foundation of the invention.
In the same year, the main inventor also invents an integrated cutting tooth diamond-impregnated drill bit with the patent number of 201921748695.6, and discloses a structural form and a preparation method of the drill bit with an integrated ultrahigh working layer and a matrix, wherein the patent aims to solve the strength problem of the cutting tooth of the ultrahigh working layer diamond-impregnated drill bit, and through the integrated matrix, single teeth of the drill bit are connected with the cutting teeth of the drill bit in a reinforcing mode, so that the 'single combat' of the cutting tooth is changed into 'overall combat' to greatly improve the strength of the cutting tooth of the drill bit and the integrity of the drill bit, but the requirement on the pump capacity of the drill bit with the structural form is higher, and although the strength problem of the cutting tooth of the drill bit can be solved, the problem of 'pseudo circulation' of slurry is still not solved.
The two patents solve the second three technical problems faced by the prior ultrahigh working layer drill bit: the invention relates to a matrix formula, a processing technique and an ultrahigh working layer single tooth strength, and aims to solve the third technical problem by carrying out drill bit mud circulation research on the basis of the working process: the problem of 'pseudo circulation' of the slurry is solved, and the cooling effect of the diamond-impregnated bit of the ultrahigh working layer and the powder carrying capacity of the slurry are improved. The ultrahigh working layer diamond-impregnated bit can normally drill under the conventional drilling condition, and finally the purpose of drilling one hole is achieved.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problems, the invention aims to provide an ultrahigh working layer gradually-opened water gap diamond-impregnated bit and a preparation method thereof, which can ensure the normal cooling of the bit, the normal circulation of slurry and the cleanness of the bottom of a hole under the condition of ensuring the integral strength of a cutting tooth, avoid the repeated crushing of rock debris, and solve the problem of 'false circulation', so as to achieve the aims of fast, stable and long-time drilling in the drilling process, realize the goal of drilling one bit, greatly shorten the drilling period and reduce the drilling cost.
The ultrahigh working layer involute water gap diamond-impregnated bit provided by the invention has the same framework, steel body and bit working part as the traditional bit, and is called as a bit main body. The invention mainly solves the problems of poor drill cooling and weak powder carrying capacity of the conventional high matrix drill bit through the slurry resistance structure, and the slurry resistance structure enables the water gap of the drill bit to be gradually exposed along with the abrasion of the drill bit, so that the problem of 'false circulation' is fundamentally solved, the cooling effect and the powder carrying capacity of the drill bit are improved, the repeated crushing of rock debris at the bottom of a hole is reduced, and the service life of the drill bit is further prolonged.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme:
the ultrahigh working layer involute water gap diamond-impregnated bit comprises a steel body and a bit working part connected to the upper end of the steel body;
a plurality of first slurry blocking structures and a plurality of second slurry blocking structures are vertically and alternately distributed in a water gap of the drill bit working part;
the first slurry blocking structure and the second slurry blocking structure are hollow cubes, and the hollow interiors of the first slurry blocking structure and the second slurry blocking structure form a middle flow channel;
a through U-shaped groove and a rectangular hole are respectively formed in the first slurry blocking structure and the second slurry blocking structure on the inner diameter side and the outer diameter side of the drill bit, and a water blocking sheet is arranged in the U-shaped groove; the center of the water-blocking sheet and the first layer strengthening center between the inner teeth are on the same straight line,
the outer water channel and the inner water channel of the working part of the drill bit are communicated with the middle flow channel, and drilling fluid can smoothly pass through the middle flow channel no matter in positive circulation or reverse circulation;
the upper surface of the second slurry blocking structure is flush with the upper surface of the first layer of reinforcement between the internal teeth, and the upper surface of the first slurry blocking structure is flush with the upper surface of the second layer of reinforcement between the internal teeth;
the longitudinal distance between the first layer of reinforcement between the inner teeth and the second layer of reinforcement between the inner teeth is not less than 3mm, the upper surface of the first layer of reinforcement between the inner teeth is not flush with the upper surface of the cutting teeth, the upper surface of the first layer of reinforcement between the outer teeth is flush with the upper surface of the cutting teeth, the lower surface of the first layer of reinforcement between the outer teeth is flush with the lower surface of the first layer of reinforcement between the inner teeth, and the second layer of reinforcement between the outer teeth is flush with the second layer of reinforcement between the inner teeth;
the first layer of external gauge and the first layer of internal gauge are respectively arranged on the cutting teeth which are level with the first layer of reinforcement between the internal teeth, and the second layer of external gauge and the second layer of internal gauge are respectively arranged on the cutting teeth which are level with the second layer of reinforcement between the internal teeth;
when the first layer between the inner teeth is strengthened or the second layer between the inner teeth is strengthened and is just completely abraded, only the connection point at the U-shaped opening penetrating through the U-shaped groove on the second slurry resistance structure or the first slurry resistance structure is abraded, the water resistance sheet automatically falls off and is pushed out along the drill bit radially outwards under the pressure of a pump, and a new water gap is generated.
The number of layers to be reinforced is 2 or more, the specific number of layers is determined according to the depth of the drilled hole and the rock abrasiveness, and generally, the larger the number of layers to be reinforced, the larger the height of the drill bit working part.
The preparation method of the ultrahigh working layer involute nozzle diamond-impregnated bit comprises the following steps: the drill bit bottom die and the drill bit core die are concentrically glued and fixed, the water channels are uniformly distributed in an annular space between the drill bit bottom die and the drill bit core die, the inner diameter-keeping polycrystalline diamond is glued to the outer wall of the drill bit core die, and the outer diameter-keeping polycrystalline diamond is glued to the inner wall of the drill bit bottom die; the weakening groove graphite flake is arranged on the bottom surface of an annular space between the drill bit bottom die and the drill bit core die through a 3D material reducing processing technology;
the preparation method comprises the following steps:
firstly, mixing materials; weighing each matrix powder and single crystal diamond particles according to the calculation, placing the matrix powder and the single crystal diamond particles in a prepared container, pouring glycol liquid according to the proportion, and stirring and mixing to form a viscous solid-liquid two-phase fluid mixture by the diamond, the matrix powder and the glycol liquid;
secondly, charging; uniformly pouring the mixed fluid mixture into gaps among the drill bit bottom die, the drill bit core die and the weakening groove graphite sheets, and filling the gaps to be filled with bubbles; adding a transition layer without single crystal diamond with the thickness of 3-10mm at the uppermost layer, wherein the transition layer materials need to be dry-mixed;
thirdly, placing a steel body; centering the steel body on the transition layer material, pouring a proper amount of transition layer material into the inner side and the outer side of the steel body, and enabling the steel body to enter the transition layer material by 3-8 mm;
fourthly, drying; putting a proper amount of low-temperature impregnated metal between the steel body and the drill bit bottom die, and putting the steel body and the drill bit bottom die in a drying furnace to volatilize completely at the temperature of 230 ℃;
fifthly, sintering by a pressureless method; the sintering temperature is 930 ℃, the temperature is continuously increased at the temperature increasing speed of 240 ℃/min, the temperature is kept for 30-100min after the temperature reaches 930 ℃, the low-temperature impregnated metal is seeped out from the core mold and the steel body, then the temperature is slowly cooled to 550 ℃ at the speed of 60 ℃/min, and then the temperature is naturally cooled to the room temperature.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
according to the invention, by increasing the height of the matrix, the service life of the drill bit is greatly prolonged, and the tripping operation is reduced, so that the drilling cost is reduced, and the pure drilling time, the drilling efficiency and the drilling profit are improved;
make every cutting tooth of drill bit and every tooth unit and drill bit main part form a whole through installation alternate layer strengthening structure and tooth unit strengthening rib structure (bridge structure for short), increase the shear strength of tooth, avoid the broken tooth condition to take place, arrange in turn through hindering mud structure, the piece that blocks water drops one by one along with the wearing and tearing of drill bit particular position, form alternative involute type mouth of a river structure, can effectually reduce the loss of mud from drill bit tooth root position, compare in other high matrix drill bits, cooling drill bit that can be better under the same condition, improve taking powder ability of mud, reduce the repeated breakage of detritus, further improve the life of drill bit.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a perspective view of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is an exploded schematic view of the alternating distribution of the first mud stop structure and the second mud stop structure in the working portion of the drill bit.
FIG. 3 is a perspective view of a diamond-impregnated bit with a super-high working layer matrix for an involute water gap with a water blocking structure and exposed from a first water gap of the first layer after the first layer between inner teeth is strengthened and abraded according to an embodiment of the invention.
FIG. 4 is a perspective view of a diamond-impregnated bit with a super-high working layer matrix for an involute type nozzle of a water blocking structure and exposed from a nozzle on the second layer of the nozzle after the inner inter-tooth second layer is subjected to enhanced abrasion in the embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 5 is a schematic perspective view of a diamond-impregnated bit with a matrix of an ultra-high working layer and exposed from a water gap of a third layer of an involute water gap of a water blocking structure after the third layer between inner teeth is strengthened and abraded in an embodiment of the invention.
FIG. 6 is a perspective view of a diamond-impregnated bit with a super-high working layer matrix for an involute water gap with a reinforced worn fourth layer of water-blocking structure between inner teeth and a exposed fourth layer of water gap according to an embodiment of the invention.
FIG. 7 is a three-dimensional structure diagram of the assembly of the mold for a three-layer interdental reinforcement involute type nozzle ultra-high working layer matrix diamond-impregnated bit according to the embodiment of the invention.
Detailed Description
In order to more clearly illustrate the invention, the invention is further described below with reference to preferred embodiments and the accompanying drawings. It is to be understood by persons skilled in the art that the following detailed description is illustrative and not restrictive, and is not to be taken as limiting the scope of the invention.
The ultrahigh working layer involute type water gap diamond-impregnated bit comprises a steel body 1 and a bit working part connected to the upper end of the steel body 1;
a plurality of first slurry blocking structures 19 and a plurality of second slurry blocking structures 20 are vertically and alternately distributed in a water gap of the drill bit working part;
the first slurry blocking structure 19 and the second slurry blocking structure 20 are hollow cubes, the hollow interiors of the first slurry blocking structure 19 and the second slurry blocking structure 20 form a middle flow channel 18, the sizes of the first slurry blocking structure 19 and the second slurry blocking structure 20 are continuously changed along with the change of the radial thickness of a working part of a drill bit, the wall thickness is about 1mm, the wall thickness is changed along with the change of the pump pressure under the working condition of drilling, and the wall thickness is increased along with the change of the pump pressure under the working condition of larger pump pressure;
a through U-shaped groove 29 and a rectangular hole 30 are respectively arranged on the first slurry blocking structure 19 and the second slurry blocking structure 20 on the inner diameter side and the outer diameter side of the drill bit, and a water blocking sheet 31 is arranged in the U-shaped groove 29; the center of the water-blocking sheet 31 and the center of the first layer of reinforcement 12 between the inner teeth are on the same straight line, and the length of the water-blocking sheet 31 is more than 12 mm; the length of the water-blocking sheet 31 is determined by the reinforced height of the inner and outer layers between the teeth, and generally: the upper edge of the water-blocking sheet 31 is 3mm higher than the upper edges of the inner and outer reinforcing layers, and the lower edge of the water-blocking sheet 31 is 3mm lower than the reinforced lower edges of the inner and outer layers between the teeth. So as to ensure that the pump-holding condition does not occur in the drilling process of the drill bit.
The through U-shaped groove 29 and the rectangular hole 30 are cut by adopting a linear cutting technology, wherein the through U-shaped groove 29 is formed by cutting into a U shape in the drill bit of the first slurry blocking structure 19 and the drill bit of the second slurry blocking structure 20, the groove width is 0.2mm, theoretically, the smaller the groove width is, the better the groove width is, the less slurry loss is caused when the groove is narrower, the slurry blocking effect is more obvious, and the length of the U-shaped groove 29 is equal to the distance between two layers of reinforcements in the same water gap;
the outer water channel 2 and the inner water channel 17 of the working part of the drill bit are communicated with the middle flow channel 18, and drilling fluid can smoothly pass through the middle flow channel no matter in positive circulation or reverse circulation;
the upper surfaces of the second slurry blocking structures 20 are flush with the upper surface of the first layer of reinforcement 12 between the inner teeth, and the upper surfaces of the first slurry blocking structures 19 are flush with the upper surface of the second layer of reinforcement 13 between the inner teeth;
the longitudinal distance between the first layer of reinforcement 12 between the inner teeth and the second layer of reinforcement 13 between the inner teeth is not less than 3mm, the upper surface of the first layer of reinforcement 12 between the inner teeth is not flush with the upper surface of the cutting teeth, the upper surface of the first layer of reinforcement 25 between the outer teeth is flush with the upper surface of the cutting teeth, the lower surface of the first layer of reinforcement 25 between the outer teeth is flush with the lower surface of the first layer of reinforcement 12 between the inner teeth, and the second layer of reinforcement 26 between the outer teeth is flush with the second layer of reinforcement 13 between the inner teeth;
the first layer outer gauge 3 and the first layer inner gauge 21 are respectively arranged on the cutting teeth which are level with the first layer reinforcement 12 between the inner teeth, and the second layer outer gauge 4 and the second layer inner gauge 22 are respectively arranged on the cutting teeth which are level with the second layer reinforcement 13 between the inner teeth;
when the first layer of reinforcement 12 between the inner teeth or the second layer of reinforcement 13 between the inner teeth is just completely worn, only connection points at the U-shaped opening penetrating through the U-shaped groove 29 on the second slurry blocking structure 20 or the first slurry blocking structure 19 are worn out, the water blocking piece 31 automatically falls off and is pushed out along the drill bit radially outwards under the pressure of a pump, and a new water gap is generated.
The presence of the first and second mud stop structures 19, 20 alters the mud circulation path before the first layer of reinforcement 25 between the outer teeth is not completely worn: the slurry flows through the inner water channel 17, the middle flow channel 18 and the outer water channel 2; after the first layer of reinforcement 25 between the outer teeth has been fully worn, the mud circulation path is the same as for a conventional drill bit.
Furthermore, the cutting teeth comprise an inner tooth unit 7, an intermediate tooth unit 8 and an outer tooth unit 9, weakening grooves 10 are formed between the inner tooth unit 7 and the intermediate tooth unit 8 and between the intermediate tooth unit 8 and the outer tooth unit 9, and tooth unit reinforcing ribs 11 are connected to the inner tooth unit 7, the intermediate tooth unit 8 and the outer tooth unit 9.
Furthermore, the hardness of the material adopted by the first slurry blocking structure 19 and the second slurry blocking structure 20 is less than that of the matrix, and the material can be copper, iron, aluminum and the like, so that the slurry can be blocked under normal pump pressure, the 'false circulation' condition is avoided, and the normal drilling of the drill bit is not influenced after the mud falls off.
Furthermore, the depth of the inner water channel 17 is 1mm, the width of the inner water channel 17 is consistent with the width of the water gap, the depth of the inner water channel 17 is determined according to specific construction conditions, and the depth of the inner water channel 17 can be properly increased for preventing the pump from being held when the pump amount is large.
This patent is illustrated with 5 inter-inner-tooth reinforcement and 4 inter-outer-tooth reinforcement;
when a single cutting tooth or tooth unit is subjected to abnormally high shear resistance, the other cutting teeth or tooth units share most of the load by the inner inter-tooth first layer reinforcement 12, the inner inter-tooth second layer reinforcement 25, the outer inter-tooth second layer reinforcement 26, the outer inter-tooth third layer reinforcement 27, the outer inter-tooth fourth layer reinforcement 28 and the tooth unit reinforcement 11, the single cutting tooth or tooth unit is prevented from being abnormally damaged; the height and thickness of the inner inter-tooth first layer reinforcement 12, the inner inter-tooth second layer reinforcement 13, the inner inter-tooth third layer reinforcement 14, the inner inter-tooth fourth layer reinforcement 15, the inner inter-tooth fifth layer reinforcement 16, the outer inter-tooth first layer reinforcement 25, the outer inter-tooth second layer reinforcement 26, the outer inter-tooth third layer reinforcement 27, and the outer inter-tooth fourth layer reinforcement 28 are determined according to the size of the drill, the unit size of a single tooth and a tooth, and are generally 3 to 20mm, and the thickness of the inner inter-tooth first layer reinforcement 12, the inner inter-tooth second layer reinforcement 13, the inner inter-tooth third layer reinforcement 14, the inner inter-tooth fourth layer reinforcement 15, the inner inter-tooth fifth layer reinforcement 16, the outer inter-tooth first layer reinforcement 25, the outer inter-tooth second layer reinforcement 26, the outer inter-tooth third layer reinforcement 27, and the outer inter-tooth fourth layer reinforcement 28 is generally 3 to 15 mm; the quantity of the internal tooth reinforcements and the quantity of the external tooth reinforcements of the gradually-opened water gap diamond-impregnated drill bit with the ultrahigh working layer are not less than 2, except for the first layer reinforcement 12 between internal teeth and the first layer reinforcement 25 between the external teeth, the other internal tooth reinforcements and the external teeth are in one-to-one correspondence, namely on the same plane, the distance between the first layer reinforcement 12 between the internal teeth and the second layer reinforcement 13 between the internal teeth is not less than 3mm, namely the distance between the lower surface of the first layer reinforcement 12 between the internal teeth and the upper surface of the second layer reinforcement 13 between the internal teeth is not less than 3mm, the distance between the second layer reinforcement 13 between the internal teeth and the third layer reinforcement 14 between the internal teeth is not less than 3mm, the distance between the third layer reinforcement 14 between the internal teeth and the fourth layer reinforcement 15 between the internal teeth is not less than 3mm, and the distance between the fourth layer reinforcement 15 between the internal teeth and the fifth layer reinforcement 16 between the internal teeth is not less than 3 mm;
the first layer of external gauge 3 and the first layer of internal gauge 21 are arranged on the inner and outer diameter surfaces of the cutting teeth which are flush with the first layer of reinforcement 12 between the internal teeth, the second layer of external gauge 4 and the second layer of internal gauge 22 are arranged on the inner and outer diameter surfaces of the cutting teeth which are flush with the second layer of reinforcement 26 between the external teeth, the third layer of external gauge 5 and the third layer of internal gauge 23 are arranged on the inner and outer diameter surfaces of the cutting teeth which are flush with the third layer of reinforcement 27 between the external teeth, and the fourth layer of external gauge 6 and the fourth layer of internal gauge 24 are arranged on the inner and outer diameter surfaces of the cutting teeth which are flush with the top end of the steel body 1; the number of layers of the inner gauge and the outer gauge is equal to the number of the reinforced outer gauge, the number of the first layer outer gauge 3 and the first layer inner gauge 21 on a single cutting tooth is not more than the number of the second layer outer gauge 4 and the second layer inner gauge 22, and so on, the number of the last layer inner gauge and the last layer outer gauge is the largest.
The use process comprises the following steps:
the ultrahigh working layer involute type water gap diamond-impregnated bit has four stages in the drilling abrasion process:
in the first stage, the first layer of reinforcement 12 between the inner teeth is just not worn from the drilling of a new drill bit, and slurry can circulate from 8 flow channels along with the wear of the drill bit, wherein the flow paths of the slurry are an inner water channel 17, an intermediate flow channel 18 and an outer water channel 2;
in the second stage, the first layer of reinforcement 12 between the inner teeth is just worn to the first layer of reinforcement 12 between the inner teeth is just completely worn, the drill bit is worn along with the worn first layer of reinforcement 12 between the inner teeth, only connection points at the U-shaped opening penetrating through the U-shaped groove 29 on the second slurry blocking structure 20 are worn and exhausted, the water blocking piece 31 automatically falls off at the moment and is pushed out outwards along the radial direction of the drill bit under the pressure of a pump, a new water port is generated at the moment, slurry can circulate from 4 flow channels before the new water port is not generated, the slurry flows through the inner flow channel 17, the middle flow channel 18 and the outer flow channel 2, and the middle flow channel 18 which flows through is the middle flow channel 18 where the first slurry blocking structure 19 is located;
a third stage, similar to the first stage, from just complete wear of the inter-inner tooth first layer reinforcement 12 to just no wear of the inter-inner tooth second layer reinforcement 13;
in the fourth stage, the second layer of reinforcement 13 between the inner teeth is just worn to the second layer of reinforcement 13 between the inner teeth is just completely worn, the drill bit is worn along with the wear of the drill bit, the second layer of reinforcement 13 between the inner teeth is also worn, only the connection points of the U-shaped opening penetrating through the U-shaped groove 29 on the first slurry blocking structure 19 are worn completely, the water blocking piece 31 automatically falls off at the moment and is pushed out outwards along the radial direction of the drill bit under the pressure of a pump, a new water port is generated at the moment, slurry can circulate from 4 flow channels before the new water port is not generated, the slurry flows through the inner water channel 17, the middle flow channel 18 and the outer water channel 2, and the middle flow channel 18 which flows through is the middle flow channel 18 where the second slurry blocking structure 20 is located;
thus, the second, third and fourth stages appear alternately until the working part of the drill bit is completely worn.
The preparation mould of the diamond-impregnated drill bit of the ultrahigh working layer involute gate comprises a drill bit bottom mould 32, wherein the drill bit bottom mould 32 and a drill bit core mould 37 are concentrically glued and fixed, water channel replacing blocks 33 are uniformly distributed in an annular space between the drill bit bottom mould 32 and the drill bit core mould 37, an inner diameter-keeping polycrystalline diamond 34 is glued to the outer wall of the drill bit core mould 37, and an outer diameter-keeping polycrystalline diamond 36 is glued to the inner wall of the drill bit bottom mould 32; the weakening groove graphite sheet 35 is arranged on the bottom surface of the annular space between the drill bottom die 32 and the drill core die 37 through a 3D material reducing processing technology.
The preparation method of the ultrahigh working layer involute nozzle diamond-impregnated bit comprises the following steps: the drill bit bottom die 32 is fixed with the drill bit core die 37 in a concentric gluing mode, the water channel replacing blocks 33 are evenly distributed in an annular space between the drill bit bottom die 32 and the drill bit core die 37, the inner diameter-keeping polycrystalline diamond 34 is glued to the outer wall of the drill bit core die 37, and the outer diameter-keeping polycrystalline diamond 36 is glued to the inner wall of the drill bit bottom die 32; the weakening groove graphite sheet 35 is arranged on the bottom surface of an annular space between the drill bit bottom die 32 and the drill bit core die 37 through a 3D material reducing processing technology;
the preparation method comprises the following steps:
firstly, mixing materials; weighing each matrix powder and single crystal diamond particles according to the calculation, placing the matrix powder and the single crystal diamond particles in a prepared container, pouring glycol liquid according to the proportion, and stirring and mixing to form a viscous solid-liquid two-phase fluid mixture by the diamond, the matrix powder and the glycol liquid;
secondly, charging; uniformly pouring the mixed fluid mixture into gaps among the drill bit bottom die 32, the drill bit core die 37 and the weakening groove graphite sheet 35, and filling the gaps to be full of bubbles; adding a transition layer without single crystal diamond with the thickness of 3-10mm at the uppermost layer, wherein the transition layer materials need to be dry-mixed;
thirdly, placing the steel body 1; centering the steel body 1 on the transition layer material, pouring a proper amount of transition layer material into the inner side and the outer side of the steel body 1, and enabling the steel body 1 to enter the transition layer material by 3-8 mm;
fourthly, drying; a proper amount of low-temperature dipping metal is put between the steel body 1 and the drill bit bottom die 32 and is put in a drying furnace to volatilize completely at the temperature of 230 ℃;
fifthly, sintering by a pressureless method; the sintering temperature is 930 ℃, the temperature is continuously increased at the temperature increasing speed of 240 ℃/min, the temperature is kept for 30-100min after the temperature reaches 930 ℃, the low-temperature impregnated metal is seeped out from the core mold and the steel body, then the temperature is slowly cooled to 550 ℃ at the speed of 60 ℃/min, and then the temperature is naturally cooled to the room temperature.
The working principle is as follows:
the invention changes the relative position and structure of strengthening between an inner tooth and an outer tooth on the basis of the 'integrated cutting tooth diamond-impregnated drill bit' invented in 2019, and simultaneously increases a mud blocking structure, and aims to fundamentally solve the problems of poor cooling of the drill bit, even burning of the drill bit, weak powder carrying capacity and other mud circulation problems of a high matrix drill bit, and finally achieve the purpose of 'one drill bit and one hole'.
Before the first layer of reinforcement 25 between the outer teeth is not completely worn, the mud circulation paths are the inner water channel 17, the intermediate flow channel 18 and the outer water channel 2 under the combined action of the first layer of reinforcement 25 between the outer teeth and the first mud blocking structure 19 and the second mud blocking structure 20. Along with the drilling, when the first layer of reinforcement 12 between the inner teeth begins to wear, the second mud blocking structure 20 also begins to wear along with the first layer of reinforcement 12 between the inner teeth, at the moment, the number of mud circulation channels is changed from 8 to 4, the circulation channel at the second mud blocking structure 20 is sealed due to the contact of the drill bit and the bottom of the well, the 4 mud channels can completely cool the drill bit and carry rock debris, the water blocking piece 31 automatically falls off and is pushed outwards under the water pressure after the first layer of reinforcement 12 between the inner teeth is completely worn along with the continuous wear of the drill bit, a new water gap is formed, the mud circulation of the water gap is the same as that of a conventional drill bit, the process is circulated repeatedly until the drill bit is completely worn, the advantages of the gradually-opened water gaps are embodied in the process, and the mud is forced to flow in a specific direction. The rules are obtained through test and simulation verification of a subject group: at different pump volumes: the loss amount of the mud from the through U-shaped groove 29 of the mud blocking structure is about 20 percent at 32L/min, 47L/min, 72L/min and 125L/min, and the loss of the mud is gradually reduced along with the reduction of the through U-shaped groove 29 along with the abrasion of the drill bit.
Claims (5)
1. Super high working layer gradually-opened mouth of a river is impregnated with diamond bit, its characterized in that: comprises a steel body (1) and a drill bit working part connected with the upper end of the steel body (1);
a plurality of first mud blocking structures (19) and a plurality of second mud blocking structures (20) are vertically and alternately distributed in a water gap of the drill bit working part;
the first slurry blocking structure (19) and the second slurry blocking structure (20) are hollow cubes, and the hollow interiors of the first slurry blocking structure (19) and the second slurry blocking structure (20) form a middle flow channel (18);
a through U-shaped groove (29) and a rectangular hole (30) are respectively arranged on the first slurry blocking structure (19) and the second slurry blocking structure (20) and positioned on the inner diameter side and the outer diameter side of the drill bit, a water blocking sheet (31) is arranged in the U-shaped groove (29), the center of the water blocking sheet (31) and the center of the first layer of reinforcement (12) between the inner teeth are positioned on the same straight line, and the length of the U-shaped groove (29) is equal to the distance between the two layers of reinforcement in the same water gap;
an outer water channel (2) and an inner water channel (17) of the working part of the drill bit are communicated with a middle flow channel (18), so that drilling fluid can smoothly pass through the middle flow channel no matter in positive circulation or reverse circulation;
the upper surfaces of the second slurry blocking structures (20) are flush with the upper surfaces of the first layer reinforcements (12) between the inner teeth, and the upper surfaces of the first slurry blocking structures (19) are flush with the upper surfaces of the second layer reinforcements (13) between the inner teeth;
the longitudinal distance between the first layer of reinforcement (12) between the inner teeth and the second layer of reinforcement (13) between the inner teeth is not less than 3mm, the upper surface of the first layer of reinforcement (12) between the inner teeth is not flush with the upper surface of the cutting teeth, the upper surface of the first layer of reinforcement (25) between the outer teeth is flush with the upper surface of the cutting teeth, the lower surface of the first layer of reinforcement (25) between the outer teeth is flush with the lower surface of the first layer of reinforcement (12) between the inner teeth, and the second layer of reinforcement (26) between the outer teeth is flush with the second layer of reinforcement (13) between the inner teeth;
the first layer of outer gauge (3) and the first layer of inner gauge (21) are respectively arranged on the cutting teeth which are level with the first layer of reinforcement (12) between the inner teeth, and the second layer of outer gauge (4) and the second layer of inner gauge (22) are respectively arranged on the cutting teeth which are level with the second layer of reinforcement (13) between the inner teeth;
when the first layer of reinforcement (12) between the inner teeth or the second layer of reinforcement (13) between the inner teeth is just completely worn, only connection points at the U-shaped opening which penetrates through the U-shaped groove (29) on the second slurry blocking structure (20) or the first slurry blocking structure (19) are worn out, the water blocking piece (31) automatically falls off and is pushed out along the radial direction of the drill bit under the pressure of a pump, and a new water gap is generated.
2. The ultra-high working layer involute nozzle diamond-impregnated bit of claim 1, wherein: the cutting tooth including setting up at internal tooth unit (7), middle tooth unit (8) and external tooth unit (9), internal tooth unit (7) and middle tooth unit (8) and external tooth unit (9) are within a definite time and are equipped with between weakening groove (10), internal tooth unit (7), middle tooth unit (8) and external tooth unit (9) are gone up and are connected with tooth unit strengthening rib (11).
3. The ultra-high working layer involute nozzle diamond-impregnated bit of claim 1, wherein: the first mud blocking structure (19) and the second mud blocking structure (20) are made of materials with hardness smaller than that of the tire body.
4. The ultra-high working layer involute nozzle diamond-impregnated bit of claim 1, wherein: the depth of the inner water channel (17) is 1mm, and the width of the inner water channel (17) is consistent with the width of the water gap.
5. The preparation method of the ultrahigh working layer involute nozzle diamond-impregnated bit is characterized in that:
the preparation mould used comprises: the water channel replacement blocks (33) are uniformly distributed in an annular space between the drill bit bottom die (32) and the drill bit core die (37), the inner diameter-keeping polycrystalline diamond (34) is glued to the outer wall of the drill bit core die (37), and the outer diameter-keeping polycrystalline diamond (36) is glued to the inner wall of the drill bit bottom die (32); the weakening groove graphite sheet (35) is arranged on the bottom surface of an annular space between the drill bit bottom die (32) and the drill bit core die (37) through a 3D material reducing processing technology;
the preparation method comprises the following steps:
firstly, mixing materials; weighing each matrix powder and single crystal diamond particles according to the calculation, placing the matrix powder and the single crystal diamond particles in a prepared container, pouring glycol liquid according to the proportion, and stirring and mixing to form a viscous solid-liquid two-phase fluid mixture by the diamond, the matrix powder and the glycol liquid;
secondly, charging; uniformly pouring the mixed fluid mixture into gaps among the drill bit bottom die (32), the drill bit core die (37) and the weakening groove graphite sheets (35), and filling the gaps to be full of bubbles; adding a transition layer without single crystal diamond with the thickness of 3-10mm at the uppermost layer, wherein the transition layer materials need to be dry-mixed;
thirdly, placing the steel body (1); the steel body (1) is placed on the transition layer material in a centering way, and a proper amount of transition layer material is poured into the inner side and the outer side of the steel body (1) to ensure that the steel body (1) enters the transition layer material to a depth of 3-8 mm;
fourthly, drying; a proper amount of low-temperature dipping metal is put between the steel body (1) and the drill bit bottom die (32), and the steel body is put in a drying furnace to volatilize completely at the temperature of 230 ℃;
fifthly, sintering by a pressureless method; the sintering temperature is 930 ℃, the temperature is continuously increased at the temperature increasing speed of 240 ℃/min, the temperature is kept for 30-100min after the temperature reaches 930 ℃, the low-temperature impregnated metal is seeped out from the core mold and the steel body, then the temperature is slowly cooled to 550 ℃ at the speed of 60 ℃/min, and then the temperature is naturally cooled to the room temperature.
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN115401197A (en) * | 2022-08-17 | 2022-11-29 | 中铁第四勘察设计院集团有限公司 | Diamond-impregnated bit manufacturing die, manufacturing method and diamond-impregnated bit |
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| CN101353946A (en) * | 2008-09-11 | 2009-01-28 | 吉林大学 | Diamond core bit capable of reproducing water gap |
| US20150184465A1 (en) * | 2013-12-30 | 2015-07-02 | Longyear Tm, Inc. | No-Waterway Or Single Waterway Drill Bits And Systems And Methods For Using Same |
| CN107476767A (en) * | 2017-08-29 | 2017-12-15 | 山东省地质矿产勘查开发局第三水文地质工程地质大队(山东省鲁南地质工程勘察院) | Implanted diamond-impregnated drill bit and manufacturing method thereof |
| CN110552622A (en) * | 2019-10-18 | 2019-12-10 | 吉林大学 | Integrated cutting tooth diamond-impregnated bit |
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Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101353946A (en) * | 2008-09-11 | 2009-01-28 | 吉林大学 | Diamond core bit capable of reproducing water gap |
| US20150184465A1 (en) * | 2013-12-30 | 2015-07-02 | Longyear Tm, Inc. | No-Waterway Or Single Waterway Drill Bits And Systems And Methods For Using Same |
| CN107476767A (en) * | 2017-08-29 | 2017-12-15 | 山东省地质矿产勘查开发局第三水文地质工程地质大队(山东省鲁南地质工程勘察院) | Implanted diamond-impregnated drill bit and manufacturing method thereof |
| CN110552622A (en) * | 2019-10-18 | 2019-12-10 | 吉林大学 | Integrated cutting tooth diamond-impregnated bit |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN115401197A (en) * | 2022-08-17 | 2022-11-29 | 中铁第四勘察设计院集团有限公司 | Diamond-impregnated bit manufacturing die, manufacturing method and diamond-impregnated bit |
| CN115401197B (en) * | 2022-08-17 | 2024-01-23 | 中铁第四勘察设计院集团有限公司 | Diamond-impregnated drill bit manufacturing die, manufacturing method and diamond-impregnated drill bit |
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