CN113802069A - Novel die steel material and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Novel die steel material and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN113802069A CN113802069A CN202111103042.4A CN202111103042A CN113802069A CN 113802069 A CN113802069 A CN 113802069A CN 202111103042 A CN202111103042 A CN 202111103042A CN 113802069 A CN113802069 A CN 113802069A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
- C22C38/40—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel
- C22C38/46—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel with vanadium
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D8/00—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment
- C21D8/005—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment of ferrous alloys
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B9/00—General processes of refining or remelting of metals; Apparatus for electroslag or arc remelting of metals
- C22B9/16—Remelting metals
- C22B9/18—Electroslag remelting
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C33/00—Making ferrous alloys
- C22C33/04—Making ferrous alloys by melting
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/001—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing N
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/02—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing silicon
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/04—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing manganese
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
- C22C38/40—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel
- C22C38/44—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel with molybdenum or tungsten
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- Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
- Treatment Of Steel In Its Molten State (AREA)
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Abstract
The invention discloses a novel die steel material and a preparation method thereof, wherein the novel die steel material comprises the following components: c: 0.37 to 0.45%, Si: 0-0.6%, Mn: 0-0.6%, P: less than or equal to 0.02 percent, S: less than or equal to 0.002%, Cr: 15-16.5%, Mo: 1.5-1.9%, Ni: 0-0.3%, V: 0.2-0.4%, N: 0.16-0.25% and the balance Fe. The die steel material prepared by the invention uniformly blends N element into the matrix material of the die steel, improves the strength and toughness of the existing die steel, and also has high corrosivity and high wear resistance.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of die steel, in particular to a novel die steel material and a preparation method thereof.
Background
The die steel is a steel grade used for manufacturing dies such as plastic dies, cold stamping dies, hot forging dies, die casting dies and the like. The die is a main processing tool for manufacturing parts in industrial departments of mechanical manufacturing, radio instruments, motors, electric appliances and the like. The quality of the die directly affects the quality of the pressure processing technology, the precision yield of products and the production cost, and the quality and the service life of the die are mainly affected by die materials and heat treatment except by reasonable structural design and processing precision.
The existing die steel cannot be uniformly added with N element in molten steel during a smelting process, so that the strength of the die steel material is not low enough, and the existing die steel material is poor in wear resistance and corrosion resistance and insufficient in toughness.
Disclosure of Invention
According to the embodiment of the invention, the novel die steel material comprises the following components:
c: 0.37 to 0.45%, Si: 0-0.6%, Mn: 0-0.6%, P: less than or equal to 0.02 percent, S: less than or equal to 0.002%, Cr: 15-16.5%, Mo: 1.5-1.9%, Ni: 0-0.3%, V: 0.2-0.4%, N: 0.16-0.25% and the balance Fe.
Further, the hardness of the novel die steel material after heat treatment is 56-60 HRC.
A preparation method of a novel die steel material comprises the following steps:
designing the components of the die steel according to the requirements, and collecting corresponding materials as raw materials according to the mass percent of the components, wherein the die steel comprises the following components in percentage by mass: c: 0.37 to 0.45%, Si: 0-0.6%, Mn: 0-0.6%, P: less than or equal to 0.02 percent, S: less than or equal to 0.002%, Cr: 15-16.5%, Mo: 1.5-1.9%, Ni: 0-0.3%, V: 0.2-0.4%, N: 0.16-0.25%, the balance being Fe, and the residual gas content being: h2: 2ppm or less, O2: less than or equal to 20 ppm;
putting the raw materials into an electric arc furnace for high-temperature smelting to obtain high-temperature molten steel;
transferring the high-temperature molten steel into a ladle of a molten steel container, and carrying out ladle refining to obtain refined molten steel;
transferring the refined molten steel into a vacuum device, vacuumizing and degassing, adding nitrogen elements into the refined molten steel after vacuum degassing, and casting and solidifying the refined molten steel into a solid steel ingot;
transferring the solid steel ingot to an ESR electroslag remelting process, remelting, slagging and purifying an original steel ingot, adding nitrogen again at the same time, and then re-solidifying the original steel ingot into a new solid steel ingot;
heating the new solid steel ingot to a preset temperature, and performing forging deformation according to a preset forging ratio and shape requirements to obtain a forged solid steel ingot;
softening and quenching the forged solid steel ingot to obtain an annealed steel product;
and performing fine sand blasting and shot blasting treatment on the surface of the steel in the annealing state to obtain the finished product die steel.
Further, the heating temperature of the electric arc furnace is 1600 ℃ or higher.
Further, the ladle refining comprises: secondary degassing, deoxidation, desulphurization, inclusion removal and fine adjustment of alloy components.
Further, the preset temperature is 900-1250 ℃.
According to the novel die steel material and the preparation method thereof provided by the embodiment of the invention, the prepared die steel material uniformly blends N element into the matrix material of the die steel, so that the strength and toughness of the existing die steel are improved, and the die steel material also has high corrosivity and high wear resistance.
It is to be understood that both the foregoing general description and the following detailed description are exemplary and are intended to provide further explanation of the claimed technology.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a method for preparing a novel die steel material according to an embodiment of the invention.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be further explained by describing preferred embodiments of the present invention in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
According to the novel die steel material and the preparation method thereof disclosed by the embodiment of the invention, the prepared die steel material uniformly blends N element into the matrix material of the die steel, so that the strength and toughness of the existing die steel are improved, and the die steel material also has high corrosivity and high wear resistance.
The novel die steel material (SP 60 for short) comprises the following components:
c: 0.37 to 0.45%, Si: 0-0.6%, Mn: 0-0.6%, P: less than or equal to 0.02 percent, S: less than or equal to 0.002%, Cr: 15-16.5%, Mo: 1.5-1.9%, Ni: 0-0.3%, V: 0.2-0.4%, N: 0.16-0.25% and the balance Fe.
Further, the hardness of the novel die steel material after heat treatment is 56-60 HRC.
A preparation method of a novel die steel material comprises the following steps:
s1: as shown in fig. 1, the composition design of the die steel is performed according to the requirements, and corresponding materials are collected as raw materials according to the mass percentage of the composition, wherein the die steel comprises the following components by mass percent: c: 0.37 to 0.45%, Si: 0-0.6%, Mn: 0-0.6%, P: less than or equal to 0.02 percent, S: less than or equal to 0.002%, Cr: 15-16.5%, Mo: 1.5-1.9%, Ni: 0-0.3%, V: 0.2-0.4%, N: 0.16-0.25%, the balance being Fe, and the residual gas content being: h2: 2ppm or less, O2: less than or equal to 20 ppm;
s2: as shown in fig. 1, the raw materials are charged into an electric arc furnace to be high-temperature smelted, the electric arc furnace is used for heating the raw materials to 1600 ℃ or higher, all the raw materials are smelted into high-temperature molten steel, and the high-temperature molten steel is obtained through smelting treatments such as an oxidation period and a decarburization period of the high-temperature molten steel, so that the main alloying of the molten steel is completed.
S3: as shown in fig. 1, high-temperature molten steel is transferred to a ladle of a molten steel container, and ladle refining is performed to obtain refined molten steel. In this embodiment, the ladle refining comprises: secondary degassing, deoxidation, desulfurization, inclusion removal, fine adjustment of alloy components and the like.
S4: as shown in fig. 1, the refined molten steel is transferred to a vacuum device, vacuum degassing is performed, gas impurities (such as hydrogen, oxygen, carbon monoxide and the like) dissolved in the refined molten steel are removed under the action of a vacuum negative pressure principle, nitrogen elements are added at the same time, the refined molten steel after vacuum degassing is cast through a bottom ingot casting process, the refined molten steel is cast into steel ingot molds with different sizes, and solid steel ingots are obtained after solidification.
S5: as shown in fig. 1, the solid steel ingot is transported to an ESR electroslag remelting process, and when remelting, slagging and purifying an original steel ingot, nitrogen is added again to liquid pure molten steel, and then the molten steel is solidified again to form a new solid steel ingot. In the embodiment, slag making and purification are carried out after remelting, redundant nonmetallic inclusions in the material are removed,
s6: as shown in figure 1, heating a new solid steel ingot to a preset temperature (namely 900-1250 ℃), and performing forging deformation according to a preset forging ratio and shape requirements to obtain a forged solid steel ingot. In the embodiment, the forging deformation is carried out through a free forging hydraulic press, and the new solid steel ingot is subjected to repeated upsetting and elongation under the action force of the free forging hydraulic press to reach a certain forging ratio. So that enough extrusion deformation is generated in the material to promote the density of the steel ingot core to be improved.
S7: as shown in fig. 1, the forged solid steel ingot is subjected to softening quenching treatment to obtain an annealed steel product. In the embodiment, the steel is sent into a heat treatment workshop according to different structures and hardness requirements, and uniform and fine annealed spherical pearlite structures are obtained through integral uniform refining annealing treatment; and a few types of steel are required to reach the pre-hardening range state of specific HH, and need to be subjected to quenching and tempering process after annealing treatment to reach the required surface hardness.
S8: as shown in fig. 1, the surface of the steel material in the annealed state is subjected to fine sand blasting to obtain the finished product of the die steel. In this embodiment, since the black oxide skin layer is formed on the surface of the heat-treated die steel by the high-temperature processes such as the hot forging and the heat treatment, the surface of the die steel is subjected to fine blasting to make the black skin of the surface slightly flat and remove the black oxide skin layer.
In addition, various detections are also inserted in the production process of the ESR die steel, such as component control detection, purity non-metallic inclusion control detection, visual detection aiming at surface microcracks before delivery or fluorescent magnetic powder surface flaw detection, ultrasonic flaw detection aiming at microcrack defects in the die steel and other related detections required by the material hardness detection and other requirements in the steel making process.
It should be noted that, in the present specification, the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitation, an element defined by the phrase "comprising … …" does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises the element.
While the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, it should be understood that the above description should not be taken as limiting the invention. Various modifications and alterations to this invention will become apparent to those skilled in the art upon reading the foregoing description. Accordingly, the scope of the invention should be determined from the following claims.
Claims (6)
1. The novel die steel material is characterized by comprising the following components:
c: 0.37 to 0.45%, Si: 0-0.6%, Mn: 0-0.6%, P: less than or equal to 0.02 percent, S: less than or equal to 0.002%, Cr: 15-16.5%, Mo: 1.5-1.9%, Ni: 0-0.3%, V: 0.2-0.4%, N: 0.16-0.25% and the balance Fe.
2. The novel die steel material as claimed in claim 1, wherein the hardness of the novel die steel material after heat treatment is 56-60 HRC.
3. A preparation method of a novel die steel material as claimed in any one of claims 1-2, characterized by comprising the following steps:
designing components of the die steel according to needs, and collecting corresponding materials as raw materials according to the mass percent of the components, wherein the die steel comprises the following components in percentage by mass: c: 0.37 to 0.45%, Si: 0-0.6%, Mn: 0-0.6%, P: less than or equal to 0.02 percent, S: less than or equal to 0.002%, Cr: 15-16.5%, Mo: 1.5-1.9%, Ni: 0-0.3%, V: 0.2-0.4%, N: 0.16-0.25%, the balance being Fe, and the residual gas content being: h2: 2ppm or less, O2: less than or equal to 20 ppm;
putting the raw materials into an electric arc furnace for high-temperature smelting to obtain high-temperature molten steel;
transferring the high-temperature molten steel into a ladle of a molten steel container, and carrying out ladle refining to obtain refined molten steel;
transferring the refined molten steel into a vacuum device, vacuumizing and degassing, adding nitrogen elements into the refined molten steel after vacuum degassing, and casting and solidifying the refined molten steel into a solid steel ingot;
transferring the solid steel ingot to an ESR electroslag remelting process, remelting, slagging and purifying an original steel ingot, adding nitrogen again at the same time, and then re-solidifying the original steel ingot into a new solid steel ingot;
heating the new solid steel ingot to a preset temperature, and performing forging deformation according to a preset forging ratio and shape requirements to obtain a forged solid steel ingot;
softening and quenching the forged solid steel ingot to obtain an annealed steel product;
and carrying out fine sand blasting and shot blasting treatment on the surface of the steel in the annealing state to obtain the finished product die steel.
4. The method for preparing a novel die steel material according to claim 3, wherein the heating temperature of the electric arc furnace is 1600 ℃ or higher.
5. The method for preparing a novel die steel material according to claim 3, wherein the ladle refining comprises: secondary degassing, deoxidation, desulphurization, inclusion removal and fine adjustment of alloy components.
6. The method for preparing a novel die steel material as claimed in claim 3, wherein the preset temperature is 900-1250 ℃.
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| CN202111103042.4A CN113802069A (en) | 2021-09-18 | 2021-09-18 | Novel die steel material and preparation method thereof |
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| CN202111103042.4A CN113802069A (en) | 2021-09-18 | 2021-09-18 | Novel die steel material and preparation method thereof |
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| CN110408855A (en) * | 2019-08-28 | 2019-11-05 | 王庆 | A kind of high performance plastics mould steel and its manufacturing method |
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| KR20200117587A (en) * | 2019-04-05 | 2020-10-14 | 한국해양대학교 산학협력단 | Metal surface treatment method of die steel materials using post-deposition heat treatment |
| CN111893381A (en) * | 2020-07-18 | 2020-11-06 | 钢铁研究总院 | High-nitrogen stainless bearing steel and preparation method thereof |
| CN112899438A (en) * | 2021-01-15 | 2021-06-04 | 东北大学 | Method for duplex smelting of high-nitrogen steel by pressurized ladle refining and pressurized electroslag remelting |
-
2021
- 2021-09-18 CN CN202111103042.4A patent/CN113802069A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (10)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN1676653A (en) * | 2005-04-18 | 2005-10-05 | 宝钢集团上海五钢有限公司 | Anticorrosion, wear-resistant plastic die steel 4Cr16Mo and its mirror large-die-block preparing and producing method |
| CN1948541A (en) * | 2006-05-31 | 2007-04-18 | 沈阳市铸威特殊钢有限公司 | Corrosion resistant mould steel |
| CN101967608A (en) * | 2010-11-12 | 2011-02-09 | 上海大学 | Nitrogen-containing corrosion-resistance plastic die steel and preparation process thereof |
| CN105463298A (en) * | 2015-12-01 | 2016-04-06 | 东北大学 | Method for smelting low-aluminum high-nitrogen martensitic stainless steel in pressurization and induction manner |
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