CN113800650B - Environment-friendly preparation for blue-green algae treatment and preparation method thereof - Google Patents

Environment-friendly preparation for blue-green algae treatment and preparation method thereof Download PDF

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CN113800650B
CN113800650B CN202111234394.3A CN202111234394A CN113800650B CN 113800650 B CN113800650 B CN 113800650B CN 202111234394 A CN202111234394 A CN 202111234394A CN 113800650 B CN113800650 B CN 113800650B
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stirring
montmorillonite
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solution
environment
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CN113800650A (en
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许生军
戴佳亮
李洁
苏园园
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Xingyuan Environment Technology Co ltd
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    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02FTREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F3/00Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F3/34Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage characterised by the microorganisms used
    • C02F3/342Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage characterised by the microorganisms used characterised by the enzymes used
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02FTREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F1/00Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F1/52Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by flocculation or precipitation of suspended impurities
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02FTREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F1/00Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F1/52Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by flocculation or precipitation of suspended impurities
    • C02F1/5263Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by flocculation or precipitation of suspended impurities using natural chemical compounds
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02FTREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F1/00Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F1/52Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by flocculation or precipitation of suspended impurities
    • C02F1/54Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by flocculation or precipitation of suspended impurities using organic material
    • C02F1/56Macromolecular compounds

Abstract

The invention discloses an environment-friendly preparation for blue-green algae treatment and a preparation method thereof, and relates to the technical field of environment protection. According to the environment-friendly preparation for blue-green algae treatment and the preparation method thereof, the number of blue-green algae in the water body can be effectively reduced, the eutrophication of the water body is reduced, the light transmittance of the water body is improved and a good treatment effect is achieved in a mode of combining biological, chemical and physical prevention and treatment modes.

Description

Environment-friendly preparation for blue-green algae treatment and preparation method thereof
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of environmental protection, in particular to an environment-friendly preparation for blue algae treatment and a preparation method thereof.
Background
Blue-green algae is unicellular prokaryotic organism, called blue-green algae and cyanobacteria, and most of the blue-green algae have colloidal coats outside cell walls, and are called glutinous algae. Among all algae, the blue algae is the simplest and most original one, when the content of the blue algae in water is less, the blue algae is dispersed in water in an individual manner, if the blue algae meets the appropriate conditions of water temperature, eutrophication, organic phosphorus and the like, the blue algae can grow rapidly, the blue algae can generate a colony effect after developing to a certain degree, the blue algae is gathered and covered on the water surface in a green paint shape, the water bloom is called as water bloom, the concentration of dissolved oxygen in the water body is reduced through various ways, and therefore aquatic animals such as fishes and shrimps can die, and further the water environment and aquatic ecosystem are damaged.
At present, the treatment of the blue algae comprises a physical control method, a chemical control method and a biological control method, wherein the physical control method comprises the steps of collecting the blue algae in a water body by a power mechanical device and then removing the blue algae out of the water body, or crushing a blue algae group by an algae removing machine, controlling the quantity and proliferation of the blue algae, or adsorbing by using activated carbon, aerating and enriching the oxygen, so that the method generally has good effect on small-area emergency treatment, and has a better effect on large-area pollution; the chemical prevention and control method adopts a chemical algicide to inhibit the blue algae or kill the blue algae, but the blue algae is killed, and simultaneously, the water body is polluted, so that secondary pollution is easily caused; the biological control method mainly adopts measures of planting fast-growing aquatic plants, stocking aquatic animals, biological grids, artificial biological floating islands and the like, is green and environment-friendly, but is usually longer in treatment period.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems, the invention aims to design and provide an environment-friendly preparation for blue-green algae treatment and a preparation method thereof, which can effectively reduce the number of blue-green algae in a water body, reduce water eutrophication, improve the light transmittance of the water body and achieve good treatment effect in a mode of combining biological, chemical and physical prevention and treatment modes.
The invention solves the technical problems by the following technical means:
the preparation is microcapsule particles, the microcapsule takes a compound of polyethylene glycol, sodium alginate and chitosan as a capsule shell, modified montmorillonite as a capsule core, and an algicidal bacterium layer is filled between the capsule core and the capsule shell.
The blue algae treatment medicament disclosed by the invention combines biological, chemical and physical control modes, adopts a water-soluble material as a capsule skin, is scattered into a water area to be treated when in use, the capsule skin is molten when meeting water, chitosan and sodium alginate in the capsule skin can also play a certain condensation role at the moment, so that dispersed blue algae are aggregated to a certain extent, the subsequent treatment is facilitated, then the internal algae-dissolving bacteria are released, enzyme capable of dissolving cellulose of the blue algae is released to digest the cell walls of the blue algae cells, the whole blue algae cells are gradually dissolved, the blue algae are captured and aggregated by the internal modified montmorillonite, and meanwhile, nitrogen, phosphorus and the like in the water body are removed in ion exchange, pore channel adsorption and other modes, so that the purposes of effectively reducing the blue algae content in the water body, reducing the eutrophication of the water body and improving the light transmittance of the water body are achieved.
Further, the modified montmorillonite is obtained by activating montmorillonite and then carrying out graft modification by using gallic acid and dopamine hydrochloride as modifiers.
According to the modified montmorillonite, the gallic acid and the dopamine hydrochloride are introduced to the montmorillonite to serve as active side chain structures, so that phenolic hydroxyl groups and amino groups are introduced to the natural montmorillonite, the effect of hydrogen bonds formed between the natural montmorillonite and water molecules can be increased by introducing the phenolic hydroxyl groups, the hydrophilicity of the montmorillonite is increased, long-chain molecules of the gallic acid can play a certain auxiliary flocculation role in the use process, in addition, the phenolic hydroxyl groups and the amino groups are introduced, so that the modified montmorillonite can mutually form a network-shaped adhesion structure in the use process, the effects of network adhesion and electrostatic adsorption can be better generated on blue-green algae in a water body, then the modified montmorillonite is coagulated to form large-particle alum flocs, then the large-particle alum flocs are settled, and the large-particle alum flocs can be favorably sucked and carried out by utilizing a silt boat and the like in the follow-up process.
In addition, as phenolic hydroxyl groups on the gallic acid are easy to oxidize and lose effects, the microcapsule form and the algicidal bacterium layer outside the modified montmorillonite can also protect the gallic acid, thereby ensuring the action effect.
Further, the mass ratio of the polyethylene glycol to the sodium alginate to the chitosan is (5-7) to 2.
The invention also discloses a preparation method of the environment-friendly preparation for blue algae treatment, which comprises the following steps:
s1: respectively weighing polyethylene glycol, sodium alginate and chitosan, respectively preparing aqueous solutions, and uniformly mixing the aqueous solutions to obtain a wall material solution;
s2: weighing zymolytic bacteria, adding the zymolytic bacteria into deionized water, and stirring to prepare a zymolytic bacteria suspension;
s3: taking modified montmorillonite, stirring and dispersing the modified montmorillonite uniformly in the zymolytic suspension, slowly dropwise adding the wall material solution under the stirring condition, and freezing the mixed solution in a refrigerator for 30min after the mixed solution is completely homogenized;
s4: and performing synchronous ultrasonic emulsification and inclusion on the frozen mixed solution, and then drying and forming to obtain microcapsule particles, namely the environment-friendly preparation for treating the blue algae.
Further, the polyethylene glycol is prepared into a solution with the mass fraction of 10-15%, the sodium alginate is prepared into a solution with the mass fraction of 5-8%, and the chitosan is prepared into a solution with the mass fraction of 3-4%.
Further, in the present invention, it is preferable that,
the preparation method of the modified montmorillonite comprises the following steps:
pretreatment: taking activated montmorillonite, stirring and adding the activated montmorillonite into brominated 1-butyl-3-methyl halogenated imidazole, magnetically stirring and dispersing, performing low-temperature plasma treatment, performing suction filtration after the treatment is finished, washing a filter cake with cold ether for three times, and freeze-drying;
grafting: dissolving dopamine hydrochloride in deionized water by stirring, adding a hydrochloric acid solution to adjust the pH value to 4-4.5 to obtain a dopamine hydrochloride solution, weighing pretreated montmorillonite, adding the montmorillonite into the dopamine hydrochloride solution, oscillating for 20-30min to obtain a suspension, adding sodium borate and sodium bicarbonate into N-methylpyrrolidone respectively, stirring for 20-30min, adding gallic acid, continuing stirring for 30min, adding the suspension, dropwise adding a glutaraldehyde solution, continuing stirring and reacting for 15-18h under the nitrogen atmosphere, performing suction filtration after the reaction is finished, washing the obtained filter cake with deionized water, and performing freeze drying to obtain modified montmorillonite.
Furthermore, during the low-temperature plasma treatment, helium is used as working gas, the pressure is 1.4kV, the vacuum degree is 7Pa, and the treatment time is 4-6min. .
Further, the activation of the montmorillonite is specifically as follows: spraying 10wt% sulfuric acid solution on montmorillonite, stirring, aging for 4 hr, rolling for 2 times, oven drying in rotary kiln, roasting for activation, and rapidly cooling to obtain activated montmorillonite.
Through sulfuric acid treatment and roasting, the impurity content in the montmorillonite can be improved and reduced, and meanwhile, the active functional group content on the modified montmorillonite can be increased, so that the subsequent grafting modification is facilitated.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. the environment-friendly preparation for blue-green algae treatment disclosed by the invention can effectively reduce the number of blue-green algae in a water body, reduce the eutrophication of the water body, improve the light transmittance of the water body and achieve a good treatment effect in a mode of combining biological, chemical and physical prevention and treatment modes.
2. The environment-friendly preparation for blue algae treatment provided by the invention has the advantages that the raw materials are all natural substances, no heavy metal ions and the like are used, the environment is protected, and no secondary pollution is generated.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to specific examples:
the invention relates to an environment-friendly preparation for blue algae treatment, which is microcapsule particles, wherein the microcapsule particles take a compound of polyethylene glycol, sodium alginate and chitosan as a capsule shell, modified montmorillonite as a capsule core, and an algicidal bacterium layer is filled between the capsule core and the capsule shell, and specifically comprise the following components:
example one
Preparation of modified montmorillonite
And (3) activation: spraying 10wt% sulfuric acid solution on montmorillonite, stirring, aging for 4 hr, rolling for 2 times, oven drying in rotary kiln at 100 deg.C for 2 hr, heating to 200 deg.C for 1 hr for activation, and rapidly cooling to obtain activated montmorillonite.
Pretreatment: taking activated montmorillonite, stirring and adding the activated montmorillonite into brominated 1-butyl-3-methyl halogenated imidazole with the mass 4 times that of the montmorillonite, magnetically stirring and dispersing, taking helium as working gas, performing low-temperature plasma treatment for 4min under the conditions that the pressure is 1.4kV and the vacuum degree is 7Pa, performing suction filtration after the treatment is finished, washing a filter cake for three times by using cold ether, and freeze-drying;
grafting: according to the solid-liquid ratio of dopamine hydrochloride to deionized water of 3.
Preparation of the formulations
S1: respectively weighing polyethylene glycol, sodium alginate and chitosan according to the mass ratio of 7;
s2: weighing zymolysis bacteria, adding the zymolysis bacteria into deionized water with the mass 10 times that of the zymolysis bacteria, and stirring to prepare a zymolysis bacteria suspension;
s3: adding modified montmorillonite into the zymolytic bacteria suspension according to the solid-to-liquid ratio of 35g/L, stirring and dispersing uniformly, slowly dropwise adding the wall material solution under the stirring condition, and freezing the mixed solution in a refrigerator for 30min after homogenizing completely;
s4: and adding the frozen mixed solution into a sound insulation chamber of an ultrasonic cell crusher, performing synchronous ultrasonic emulsification and inclusion on the mixed solution, and then drying and forming at the temperature of 80 ℃ to obtain microcapsule particles, namely the environment-friendly preparation for blue algae treatment.
Example two
Preparation of modified montmorillonite
And (3) activation: spraying 10wt% sulfuric acid solution on montmorillonite, stirring, aging for 4 hr, rolling for 2 times, oven drying in rotary kiln at 200 deg.C for 2 hr, heating to 300 deg.C, calcining for 0.5-1 hr for activation, and rapidly cooling to obtain activated montmorillonite
Pretreatment: taking activated montmorillonite, stirring and adding the activated montmorillonite into brominated 1-butyl-3-methyl halogenated imidazole with the mass 5 times that of the montmorillonite, magnetically stirring and dispersing, taking helium as working gas, carrying out low-temperature plasma treatment for 6min under the conditions that the pressure is 1.4kV and the vacuum degree is 7Pa, carrying out suction filtration after the treatment is finished, washing a filter cake with cold ether for three times, and freeze-drying the montmorillonite;
grafting: according to the solid-liquid ratio of dopamine hydrochloride to deionized water of 3.
Preparation of the formulations
S1: respectively weighing polyethylene glycol, sodium alginate and chitosan according to the mass ratio of 6;
s2: weighing lysobacter, adding the lysobacter into deionized water with the mass 11 times that of the lysobacter, and stirring to prepare a lysobacter suspension;
s3: adding modified montmorillonite into the zymolytic bacteria suspension according to a solid-to-liquid ratio of 20g/L, stirring and dispersing uniformly, slowly dropwise adding the wall material solution under the stirring condition, and after homogenizing completely, placing the mixed solution in a refrigerator for freezing for 30min;
s4: adding the frozen mixed solution into a sound insulation chamber of an ultrasonic cell crusher, carrying out synchronous ultrasonic emulsification and inclusion on the mixed solution, and then drying and forming at the temperature of 80 ℃ to obtain microcapsule particles, namely the environment-friendly preparation for blue algae treatment
EXAMPLE III
Preparation of modified montmorillonite
And (3) activation: spraying 10wt% sulfuric acid solution on montmorillonite, stirring, aging for 4 hr, rolling for 2 times, oven drying in rotary kiln at 250 deg.C for 1 hr, heating to 350 deg.C, calcining for 0.5 hr for activation, and rapidly cooling to obtain activated montmorillonite.
Pretreatment: taking activated montmorillonite, stirring and adding the activated montmorillonite into brominated 1-butyl-3-methyl halogenated imidazole with the mass 3 times that of natural montmorillonite, magnetically stirring and dispersing, taking helium as working gas, carrying out low-temperature plasma treatment for 5min under the conditions that the pressure is 1.4kV and the vacuum degree is 7Pa, carrying out suction filtration after the treatment is finished, washing a filter cake with cold ether for three times, and freeze-drying the montmorillonite;
grafting: according to the solid-liquid ratio of dopamine hydrochloride to deionized water of 3 g/ml, dopamine hydrochloride is taken and stirred to be dissolved in deionized water, 1mol/L hydrochloric acid solution is added to adjust the pH value to 4-4.5 to obtain dopamine hydrochloride solution, pretreated montmorillonite with 2 times of dopamine hydrochloride mass is weighed and added into the dopamine hydrochloride solution, the mixture is oscillated for 30min to obtain suspension, sodium borate and sodium bicarbonate are respectively added into N-methylpyrrolidone, after stirring for 20min, gallic acid is added, the mass ratio of N-methylpyrrolidone, sodium borate, sodium bicarbonate, dopamine hydrochloride to gallic acid is 4.
Preparation of the formulations
S1: respectively weighing polyethylene glycol, sodium alginate and chitosan according to the mass ratio of 5;
s2: weighing lysobacter, adding into deionized water with the mass 12 times that of the lysobacter, and stirring to prepare a lysobacter suspension;
s3: adding modified montmorillonite into the zymolytic bacteria suspension according to a solid-to-liquid ratio of 25g/L, stirring and dispersing uniformly, slowly dropwise adding the wall material solution under the stirring condition, and after homogenizing completely, placing the mixed solution in a refrigerator for freezing for 30min;
s4: and adding the frozen mixed solution into a sound insulation chamber of an ultrasonic cell crusher, performing synchronous ultrasonic emulsification and inclusion on the mixed solution, then timely feeding the emulsified solution into a drying unit, and drying and forming to obtain microcapsule particles, namely the environment-friendly preparation for blue algae treatment.
The environment-friendly preparation for blue algae treatment prepared in the first to third embodiments is used for treating a lake generating water blooms, the detection shows that before treatment, the amount of blue algae in raw water is 98.07 mu g/L, the total nitrogen content is 6.97mg/L, and the total phosphorus content is 0.23mg/L, 5L of lake water is taken, the environment-friendly preparation for blue algae treatment prepared in the first to third embodiments is respectively added according to the solid-to-liquid ratio of 5g/L, and after stirring treatment for 1d, secondary detection is carried out on indexes in a water body, and the detection results are shown in Table 1:
TABLE 1 indexes in water after treatment
Item Example one Example two EXAMPLE III
Blue algae amount/microgram/L 6.9 7.2 6.5
Total nitrogen content/mg/L 1.96 1.97 2.01
Total phosphorus content mg/L 0.03 0.03 0.02
As can be seen from the data in Table 1, after the water body generating the water bloom is treated for 1d by adopting the environment-friendly medicament for treating the blue algae, the removal rate of the blue algae in the water body reaches over 90 percent, and the content of nitrogen and phosphorus in the water body is also greatly reduced.
Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes may be made and equivalents may be substituted without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined in the appended claims. The techniques, shapes, and configurations not described in detail in the present invention are all known techniques.

Claims (7)

1. The environment-friendly preparation for blue algae treatment is characterized in that the preparation is microcapsule particles, the microcapsule takes a compound of polyethylene glycol, sodium alginate and chitosan as a capsule shell, modified montmorillonite is taken as a capsule core, an algicidal bacterium layer is filled between the capsule core and the capsule shell, and the modified montmorillonite is obtained by activating montmorillonite and then grafting and modifying by taking gallic acid and dopamine hydrochloride as modifiers; the preparation method of the preparation comprises the following steps:
s1: respectively weighing polyethylene glycol, sodium alginate and chitosan, respectively preparing aqueous solutions, and uniformly mixing the aqueous solutions to obtain a wall material solution;
s2: weighing zymolytic bacteria, adding the zymolytic bacteria into deionized water, and stirring to prepare a zymolytic bacteria suspension;
s3: adding modified montmorillonite into the zymolytic bacteria suspension, stirring and dispersing uniformly, slowly dropwise adding the wall material solution under the stirring condition, and completely homogenizing, and then placing the mixed solution in a refrigerator for freezing for 30min;
s4: performing synchronous ultrasonic emulsification and inclusion on the frozen mixed solution, and then performing drying and forming to obtain microcapsule particles, namely the environment-friendly preparation for blue-green algae treatment; the preparation method of the modified montmorillonite comprises the following steps:
pretreatment: taking activated montmorillonite, stirring and adding the activated montmorillonite into brominated 1-butyl-3-methyl halogenated imidazole, magnetically stirring and dispersing, performing low-temperature plasma treatment, performing suction filtration after the treatment is finished, washing a filter cake with cold ether for three times, and freeze-drying;
grafting: taking dopamine hydrochloride, stirring and dissolving in deionized water, adding a hydrochloric acid solution to adjust the pH value to 4-4.5 to obtain a dopamine hydrochloride solution, weighing pretreated montmorillonite, adding the montmorillonite into the dopamine hydrochloride solution, oscillating for 20-30min to obtain a suspension, adding sodium borate and sodium bicarbonate into N-methylpyrrolidone respectively, stirring for 20-30min, adding gallic acid, continuing stirring for 30min, adding the suspension, dropwise adding a glutaraldehyde solution, continuing stirring and reacting for 15-18h under a nitrogen atmosphere, after the reaction is finished, performing suction filtration, washing the obtained filter cake with deionized water, and performing freeze drying to obtain modified montmorillonite.
2. The environment-friendly preparation for treating blue-green algae according to claim 1, wherein the mass ratio of the polyethylene glycol to the sodium alginate to the chitosan is (5-7) to 2.
3. The preparation method of the environment-friendly preparation for blue algae treatment according to any one of claims 1 to 2, wherein the preparation method comprises the following steps:
s1: respectively weighing polyethylene glycol, sodium alginate and chitosan, respectively preparing aqueous solutions, and uniformly mixing the aqueous solutions to obtain a wall material solution;
s2: weighing zymolytic bacteria, adding the zymolytic bacteria into deionized water, and stirring to prepare a zymolytic bacteria suspension;
s3: adding modified montmorillonite into the lysobacter suspension, stirring and dispersing uniformly, slowly dropwise adding the wall material solution under the stirring condition, and completely homogenizing, and then placing the mixed solution in a refrigerator for freezing for 30min;
s4: and performing synchronous ultrasonic emulsification and inclusion on the frozen mixed solution, and then drying and forming to obtain microcapsule particles, namely the environment-friendly preparation for treating the blue algae.
4. The method for preparing the environment-friendly preparation for blue-green algae treatment according to claim 3, wherein the polyethylene glycol is prepared into a solution with a mass fraction of 10-15%, the sodium alginate is prepared into a solution with a mass fraction of 5-8%, and the chitosan is prepared into a solution with a mass fraction of 3-4%.
5. The preparation method of the environment-friendly preparation for treating blue-green algae according to claim 4, wherein the preparation method of the modified montmorillonite is as follows:
pretreatment: taking activated montmorillonite, stirring and adding the activated montmorillonite into brominated 1-butyl-3-methyl halogenated imidazole, magnetically stirring and dispersing, performing low-temperature plasma treatment, performing suction filtration after the treatment is finished, washing a filter cake with cold ether for three times, and freeze-drying;
grafting: dissolving dopamine hydrochloride in deionized water by stirring, adding a hydrochloric acid solution to adjust the pH value to 4-4.5 to obtain a dopamine hydrochloride solution, weighing pretreated montmorillonite, adding the montmorillonite into the dopamine hydrochloride solution, oscillating for 20-30min to obtain a suspension, adding sodium borate and sodium bicarbonate into N-methylpyrrolidone respectively, stirring for 20-30min, adding gallic acid, continuing stirring for 30min, adding the suspension, dropwise adding a glutaraldehyde solution, continuing stirring and reacting for 15-18h under the nitrogen atmosphere, performing suction filtration after the reaction is finished, washing the obtained filter cake with deionized water, and performing freeze drying to obtain modified montmorillonite.
6. The method for preparing the environment-friendly preparation for blue algae treatment according to claim 5, wherein helium gas is used as working gas in the low-temperature plasma treatment, the pressure is 1.4kV, the vacuum degree is 7Pa, and the treatment time is 4-6min.
7. The method for preparing the environment-friendly preparation for blue algae treatment according to claim 6, wherein the activation of the montmorillonite is specifically as follows: spraying 10wt% sulfuric acid solution on montmorillonite, stirring, aging for 4 hr, rolling for 2 times, oven drying in rotary kiln, roasting for activation, and rapidly cooling to obtain activated montmorillonite.
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