CN113799531B - Fine concave-convex surface matte ceramic tile and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Fine concave-convex surface matte ceramic tile and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN113799531B CN113799531B CN202111226769.1A CN202111226769A CN113799531B CN 113799531 B CN113799531 B CN 113799531B CN 202111226769 A CN202111226769 A CN 202111226769A CN 113799531 B CN113799531 B CN 113799531B
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B44—DECORATIVE ARTS
- B44C—PRODUCING DECORATIVE EFFECTS; MOSAICS; TARSIA WORK; PAPERHANGING
- B44C5/00—Processes for producing special ornamental bodies
- B44C5/04—Ornamental plaques, e.g. decorative panels, decorative veneers
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
- B28B—SHAPING CLAY OR OTHER CERAMIC COMPOSITIONS; SHAPING SLAG; SHAPING MIXTURES CONTAINING CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
- B28B11/00—Apparatus or processes for treating or working the shaped or preshaped articles
- B28B11/04—Apparatus or processes for treating or working the shaped or preshaped articles for coating or applying engobing layers
- B28B11/044—Apparatus or processes for treating or working the shaped or preshaped articles for coating or applying engobing layers with glaze or engobe or enamel or varnish
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
- B28B—SHAPING CLAY OR OTHER CERAMIC COMPOSITIONS; SHAPING SLAG; SHAPING MIXTURES CONTAINING CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
- B28B11/00—Apparatus or processes for treating or working the shaped or preshaped articles
- B28B11/24—Apparatus or processes for treating or working the shaped or preshaped articles for curing, setting or hardening
- B28B11/243—Setting, e.g. drying, dehydrating or firing ceramic articles
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
- B28B—SHAPING CLAY OR OTHER CERAMIC COMPOSITIONS; SHAPING SLAG; SHAPING MIXTURES CONTAINING CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
- B28B3/00—Producing shaped articles from the material by using presses; Presses specially adapted therefor
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B44—DECORATIVE ARTS
- B44C—PRODUCING DECORATIVE EFFECTS; MOSAICS; TARSIA WORK; PAPERHANGING
- B44C1/00—Processes, not specifically provided for elsewhere, for producing decorative surface effects
- B44C1/24—Pressing or stamping ornamental designs on surfaces
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
- C03C8/00—Enamels; Glazes; Fusion seal compositions being frit compositions having non-frit additions
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
- C03C8/00—Enamels; Glazes; Fusion seal compositions being frit compositions having non-frit additions
- C03C8/14—Glass frit mixtures having non-frit additions, e.g. opacifiers, colorants, mill-additions
Abstract
The invention provides a fine concavo-convex matte ceramic tile and a preparation method thereof, wherein the ceramic tile comprises a blank layer with concavo-convex texture, a glaze layer consisting of feldspar calcium glaze is arranged on the blank layer, a pattern layer is arranged on the glaze layer, and a dry particle glaze layer is arranged on the pattern layer, wherein the glaze of the dry particle glaze layer comprises the following components in parts by mass: the invention provides a low-temperature glaze slip, a high-temperature dry grain, a medium-temperature dry grain, a high-temperature matte powder and a dry grain suspending agent, wherein the low-temperature glaze slip comprises 20-50 parts of the low-temperature glaze slip, 10-50 parts of the high-temperature dry grain, 50-100 parts of the medium-temperature dry grain, 30-50 parts of the high-temperature matte powder and 200-400 parts of the dry grain suspending agent, and the specific gravity of the low-temperature glaze slip is 1.85-1.95 g/ml.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of ceramic tiles, in particular to a fine concave-convex matte ceramic tile and a preparation method thereof.
Background
The investigation shows that the long-term invasion of various light pollutions in the surrounding environment is one of the main reasons that the myopia rate of teenagers in China is high at present, and the investigation also shows that the vision of people is temporarily reduced by 30 percent after people continuously watch television for several hours, so that light reflection generated by the smooth wall and the smooth ground can stimulate retina and exceed the coordination of eyes to cause eye fatigue and even cause visual function reduction when people live indoors and in living environments with the smooth wall and the smooth ground for a long time. Therefore, in order to minimize light pollution at home, smooth tiles need to be replaced by matt tiles (the glossiness is less than or equal to 35 degrees), and after specular reflection light of the smooth tiles is replaced by diffuse reflection light, the phenomena of dazzling and dazzling are avoided, and a stable, heavy and elegant feeling can be presented indoors.
The existing matte ceramic tile after improvement is improved to a certain extent, but the glossiness of the existing matte ceramic tile is closer to that of a soft-light ceramic tile, the existing matte ceramic tile is not matte enough, the existing matte ceramic tile needs to be further improved and adjusted to be matte, in the process flow of the existing matte ceramic tile, a spraying method is mostly adopted when dry granular glaze is applied, the method is easy to fog, further harm can be caused to the breathing of workers, and meanwhile, the maintenance of the on-site sanitary environment is not facilitated. For example, in "matte dry-grain glazed tile and preparation method thereof" (authorization notice number CN108911701B), it provides a tile blank, and a ground glaze and a dry-grain glaze sequentially disposed on the surface of the tile blank, wherein the ground glaze comprises, by mass: SiO 2 2 40-55％、Al 2 O 3 10-15％、CaO 8-10％、MgO 5-8％、ZnO 10-15％、K 2 O4-6％、Na 2 1-3% of O and 1-3% of BaO; the dry granular glaze comprises 40-50 parts of dry granules, 10-20 parts of protective glaze, 1-3 parts of kaolin slurry, 0.5-1.5 parts of calcined talc slurry, 1-3 parts of additive, 90-110 parts of suspending agent and 0.05-0.1 part of ink discharging agent in parts by weight; wherein, the dry granules comprise the following components in percentage by mass: al (Al) 2 O 3 5-15％、SiO 2 40-55％、CaO 10-18％、K 2 O 5-10％、MgO 5-12％、BaO4-10％、ZnO 2-5％、RuO 2 0.1-0.5％、V 2 O 5 0.1-0.5％、Bi 2 O 3 0.1-0.5% and TiO 2 0.1 to 0.5 percent; the protective glaze comprises 59-65% of transparent glaze powder and 0.2-0.5% of sodium carboxymethylcellulose by mass0.2 to 0.4 percent of sodium tripolyphosphate, 1 to 2 percent of aluminum chloride, 1 to 2 percent of aluminum sulfate, 1 to 2 percent of potassium aluminum sulfate dodecahydrate and 30 to 36 percent of water; the transparent glaze powder comprises Al in percentage by mass 2 O 3 10％、SiO 2 52％、CaO 15％、K 2 O 8％、MgO 5％、BaO 4.5％、ZnO 5％、Lu 2 O 3 0.5 percent; the patent also provides a preparation method of the matt dry particle glazed tile, which comprises the following steps: A. the free water in the green bricks which are pressed by the press is removed through primary drying, and the moisture content in the green bricks is controlled to be less than 0.5 percent of the total mass of the green bricks; spraying water mist on the surface of the green brick after the green brick is discharged from the drying kiln; B. then spraying base glaze on the surface of the blank, then using an ink jet machine to spray and draw patterns, and drying through a secondary drying kiln; C. spraying dry granular glaze, drying for the third time in a drying kiln, and firing for 60-70min at 1170-1185 ℃ to obtain a semi-finished product; D. and (4) edging the semi-finished product, performing soft polishing by using a fiber polishing module combination, checking quality and packaging to obtain a finished product.
The product of the existing scheme still has the problem of insufficient glossiness, the matte performance of the product still cannot meet the practical use requirement, and further improvement or alternative schemes are urgently needed.
Disclosure of Invention
The technical problem to be solved by the invention is to provide the fine concave-convex surface matte ceramic tile, and the matte ceramic tile is further subjected to matte adjustment by adopting a manufacturing process of fine mold, fine dry grain glaze spraying and brushing and polishing.
The technical means adopted by the invention are as follows:
the fine concavo-convex matte ceramic tile comprises a blank layer with concavo-convex texture, a surface glaze layer consisting of feldspar calcium glaze is arranged on the blank layer, a pattern layer is arranged on the surface glaze layer, and a dry grain glaze layer is arranged on the pattern layer, wherein the glaze of the dry grain glaze layer comprises the following main components in parts by mass: 20-50 parts of low-temperature glaze slip, 10-50 parts of high-temperature dry particles, 50-100 parts of medium-temperature dry particles, 30-50 parts of high-temperature matte powder and 200-400 parts of dry particle suspending agent.
Preferably, the specific gravity of the low-temperature glaze slip is 1.85-1.95 g/ml.
Preferably, the low-temperature glaze slip comprises the following components in percentage by mass: SiO 2 2 48～51％、Al 2 O 3 18～21％、K 2 O 0.5～2％、Na 2 2-4% of O, 12-14% of CaO, 2-3% of MgO, 4-6% of ZnO, 5-7% of BaO, and less than or equal to 4% of causticity, wherein the sum of the mass percentages of the components is 100%. The low-temperature glaze slip is mainly used for adjusting the lubricating texture of dry granular glaze, can generate a filling effect in gaps between dry granules, further improves the internal structure of the dry granular glaze, enables the lubricating texture of the glaze surface to be better and greatly improves the anti-fouling capability of products.
Preferably, the high-temperature dry granules are high-temperature matte transparent dry granules, the particle mesh number of the high-temperature dry granules is 100-300 meshes, and the high-temperature dry granules comprise the following components in percentage by mass: SiO 2 2 44～47％、Al 2 O 3 18～21％、K 2 O 2～4％、Na 2 O 3～5％、CaO 4～7％、MgO 1～3％、ZnO 4～6％、BaO 12～14％、SrO 2 4-7%, the ignition loss is less than or equal to 1%, and the sum of the mass percentages of the components is 100%.
Preferably, the medium-temperature dry granules are medium-temperature slightly bright transparent dry granules, the particle mesh number of the medium-temperature dry granules is 100-250 meshes, and the medium-temperature dry granules comprise the following components in percentage by mass: SiO 2 2 48～51％、Al 2 O 3 19～21％、K 2 O 2～4％、Na 2 O 3～4％、CaO 5～6％、MgO 1～2％、ZnO 7～9％、BaO 0.1～0.5％、SrO 2 6-7%, the ignition loss is less than or equal to 2%, and the sum of the mass percentages of the components is 100%.
Preferably, the high-temperature matte powder has a particle mesh number of less than 300 meshes, and comprises the following components in percentage by mass: SiO 2 2 38～42％、Al 2 O 3 18～21％、K 2 O 1～3％、Na 2 O 4～6％、CaO 1～3％、MgO 0.5～1％、ZnO 16～19％、BaO 6～9％、SrO 2 6-9%, the ignition loss is less than or equal to 1%, and the sum of the mass percentages of the components is 100%. The high-temperature matte powder is mainly used for adjusting the temperature and the glossiness of a formula.
Preferably, the dry particle suspending agent is viscous, and comprises the following main components in parts by weight: 20-30 parts of methyl glycol, 20-30 parts of sodium carboxymethylcellulose, 2-3 parts of sodium metaphosphate and 10-40 parts of water.
The dry particle suspending agent can well and completely suspend and disperse large and small particles of dry particles in the dry particle suspending agent, and can improve the overall suspensibility and fluidity of the dry particles.
The matching application of the dry particle types in the dry particle glaze and the selection of the components and the dosage can obtain a product with excellent performance and better texture effect, wherein, especially SrO 2 The addition of the (2) can improve the wear resistance and toughness of the dry granules and reduce the problem that the dry granules have large granular brittleness and fragility.
Preferably, the glaze of the overglaze layer comprises the following components in percentage by mass: SiO 2 2 57～60％、Al 2 O 3 26～28％、K 2 O 2～3％、Na 2 O 3～5％、CaO 0.5～1.5％、MgO 0～0.5％、ZnO 0.1～0.3％、BaO 0.1～0.4％、ZrO 2 4-6%, the ignition loss is less than or equal to 6%, and the sum of the mass percentages of the components is 100%.
A preparation method of a fine concave-convex surface matte ceramic tile comprises the following steps:
step 1: preparing blank powder: ball-milling according to a conventional blank formula to obtain slurry, and granulating the slurry in a spray drying tower to obtain powder with certain grain composition and water;
step 2: pressing and forming a fine concave-convex surface blank: pressing and molding the powder obtained in the step 1 on a press to obtain a green body;
and step 3: drying the green body in a drying kiln: sending the green body obtained in the step 2 into a drying kiln for drying at the drying temperature of 180-230 ℃ for 60-80 min to obtain a dried green body, wherein the water content of the dried green body is controlled to be 0.3-0.6%;
and 4, step 4: spraying surface glaze: and (3) applying the overglaze glaze material on the surface of the dried blank obtained in the step (3) by spraying through a bell jar, wherein the glaze amount is 375-440 g/m 2 The specific gravity is 1.85-1.95g/ml, and the flow rate is 30-40 s; the overglaze glaze material comprises the following components in percentage by mass: SiO 2 2 57～60％、Al 2 O 3 26～28％、K 2 O 2～3％、Na 2 O 3～5％、CaO 0.5～1.5％、MgO 0～0.5％、ZnO 0.1～0.3％、BaO 0.1～0.4％、ZrO 2 4-6% of the total weight of the components, the ignition loss is less than or equal to 6%, and the sum of the mass percentages of the components is 100%;
wherein, the selection of the blank body with the fine concave-convex surface in the step 2 lays a foundation for the whole effect of the fine concave-convex surface matte ceramic tile and simultaneously ensures the basic physical properties of the product, and on the basis, the overglaze is applied in the step 4, wherein K in overglaze components 2 O、Na 2 O, CaO has fluxing action, CaO can enhance the surface hardness and wear resistance of the overglaze, and the selection of the components and proportion of the overglaze ensures that the pattern printed by ink-jet printing can obtain better and clear effect, and provides good color development capability and effect for the pattern printed by ink-jet printing.
And 5: ink-jet printing pattern color: printing the pattern on the brick surface sprayed with the glaze in the step 4 by ink jet; the patterns can be lyme stone patterns, marble patterns, cement patterns and sandstone patterns;
step 6: spraying dry granular glaze: and (3) applying the dry granular glaze material on the brick surface sprayed with the pattern in the step (5) by spraying through a bell jar, wherein the glaze amount of the process parameter of spraying is 280-340 g/m 2 The specific gravity is 1.35-1.45 g/ml; the overglaze glaze material comprises the following main components in parts by weight: 20-50 parts of low-temperature glaze slip, 10-50 parts of high-temperature dry particles, 50-100 parts of medium-temperature dry particles, 30-50 parts of high-temperature matte powder and 200-400 parts of dry particle suspending agent; wherein the specific gravity of the low-temperature glaze slip is 1.85-1.95 g/ml; the low-temperature glaze slip comprises the following components in percentage by mass: SiO 2 2 48～51％、Al 2 O 3 18～21％、K 2 O 0.5～2％、Na 2 2-4% of O, 12-14% of CaO, 2-3% of MgO, 4-6% of ZnO, 5-7% of BaO, and less than or equal to 4% of causticity, wherein the sum of the mass percentages of the components is 100%; the high-temperature dry granules are high-temperature matte transparent dry granules, the particle mesh number of the high-temperature dry granules is 100-300 meshes, and the high-temperature dry granules comprise the following components in percentage by mass: SiO 2 2 44～47％、Al 2 O 3 18～21％、K 2 O 2～4％、Na 2 O 3～5％、CaO 4～7％、MgO 1～3％、ZnO 4～6％、BaO 12～14％、SrO 2 4-7%, wherein the ignition loss is less than or equal to 1%, and the sum of the mass percentages of the components is 100%; the medium-temperature dry granules are medium-temperature slightly bright transparent dry granules, the particle mesh number of the medium-temperature dry granules is 100-250 meshes, and the medium-temperature dry granules comprise the following components in percentage by mass: SiO 2 2 48～51％、Al 2 O 3 19～21％、K 2 O 2～4％、Na 2 O 3～4％、CaO 5～6％、MgO 1～2％、ZnO 7～9％、BaO 0.1～0.5％、SrO 2 6-7%, the ignition loss is less than or equal to 2%, and the sum of the mass percentages of the components is 100%; the high-temperature matte powder has the particle mesh number less than 300 meshes, and comprises the following components in percentage by mass: SiO 2 2 38～42％、Al 2 O 3 18～21％、K 2 O 1～3％、Na 2 O 4～6％、CaO 1～3％、MgO 0.5～1％、ZnO 16～19％、BaO 6～9％、SrO 2 6-9%, the ignition loss is less than or equal to 1%, and the sum of the mass percentages of the components is 100%; the dry particle suspending agent is sticky, and comprises the following main components in parts by weight: 20-30 parts of methyl glycol, 20-30 parts of sodium carboxymethylcellulose, 2-3 parts of sodium metaphosphate and 10-40 parts of water;
and 7: firing in a kiln: firing the semi-finished product obtained in the step 6 in a kiln at the firing temperature of 1190-1220 ℃ for 60-70 min;
and 8: brushing and polishing by a polishing machine: and (3) brushing and polishing the product obtained in the step (7) on a polishing machine, wherein the specification of the grinding blocks is 38 x 9.5 x 14.5mm, the distribution condition of the grinding blocks is that the grinding blocks are 7 groups of silicon carbide matte fiber brushes with 120 meshes and 6 groups of silicon carbide matte fiber brushes with 150 meshes, and the brushing and polishing time is 2-5 min.
And further, edging, quality testing, packaging and warehousing products obtained after the steps 1-8.
Preferably, the mould used in the pressing process in step 2 is a PETG material which is carved with fine concave-convex natural texture by a laser engraving machine, the width of the lines of the concave-convex natural texture is 0.04-0.1 mm, and the depth or height of the lines is 0.05-1.1 mm.
The PETG material is amorphous copolyester, is high-temperature resistant, has outstanding toughness and high impact strength which is 3-10 times of that of modified polyacrylate, has a wide processing range, high mechanical strength and excellent flexibility, and is more favorable for engraving fine concave-convex natural texture on the surface.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
(1) in the selection of the mould, a novel high-molecular polyester material PETG is selected, so that the high-molecular polyester material PETG has high mechanical strength and excellent flexibility, fine concave-convex natural textures are more favorably engraved on the surface of the mould, a foundation is laid for the overall effect of the fine concave-convex matte ceramic tile, and the basic physical properties of the product are ensured;
(2) through the creative selection of the components and the proportion of the overglaze, the pattern printed by ink-jet printing can obtain a clearer effect, and meanwhile, good color development capability and effect are provided for the ink-jet printed pattern;
(3) further improving the matching application of dry particle types such as high-temperature dry particles in dry particle glaze, medium-temperature dry particles, low-temperature glaze slip and the like, and the selection of components and dosage, so that the stereoscopic impression and the layering sense of the ceramic tile are better, and a product with superior performance and better texture effect is obtained;
(4) the gloss of the product obtained by the invention is 5-9 degrees after brushing and polishing, the contrast between glimmer light and dull light is obvious visually, the product is quiet and comfortable, the surface is shallow and concave, the surface has fine touch, and the product is anti-skid, wear-resistant and anti-fouling.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of a fine concavo-convex matte ceramic tile of the present invention;
fig. 2-3 are photographs of the appearance of the product of the present invention.
Wherein, 1-a body layer, 2-a surface glaze layer, 3-a pattern layer and 4-a dry grain glaze layer.
Detailed Description
If not specifically stated, the percentage contents related in the scheme are mass percentage contents, the proportions are mass proportions, and the parts of the related components are mass parts.
The invention provides a fine concavo-convex surface matte ceramic tile, as shown in figure 1, which comprises a blank layer 1 with concavo-convex texture, a glaze layer 2 consisting of feldspar calcium glaze is arranged on the blank layer 1, a pattern layer 3 is arranged on the glaze layer 2, and a dry particle glaze layer 4 is arranged on the pattern layer 3, wherein the glaze of the dry particle glaze layer comprises the following main components in parts by mass: 20-50 parts of low-temperature glaze slip, 10-50 parts of high-temperature dry particles, 50-100 parts of medium-temperature dry particles, 30-50 parts of high-temperature matte powder and 200-400 parts of dry particle suspending agent. In one embodiment, the specific gravity of the low-temperature glaze slip is 1.85-1.95 g/ml. In one embodiment, the low-temperature glaze slip comprises the following components in percentage by mass: SiO 2 2 48～51％、Al 2 O 3 18～21％、K 2 O 0.5～2％、Na 2 2-4% of O, 12-14% of CaO, 2-3% of MgO, 4-6% of ZnO, 5-7% of BaO, and less than or equal to 4% of causticity, wherein the sum of the mass percentages of the components is 100%. In one embodiment, the high-temperature dry granules are high-temperature matte transparent dry granules, the particle mesh number of the high-temperature dry granules is 100-300 meshes, and the high-temperature dry granules comprise the following components in percentage by mass: SiO 2 2 44～47％、Al 2 O 3 18～21％、K 2 O 2～4％、Na 2 O 3～5％、CaO 4～7％、MgO 1～3％、ZnO 4～6％、BaO 12～14％、SrO 2 4-7%, the ignition loss is less than or equal to 1%, and the sum of the mass percentages of the components is 100%. In one embodiment, the medium-temperature dry granules are medium-temperature slightly bright transparent dry granules, the particle mesh number of the medium-temperature dry granules is 100-250 meshes, and the medium-temperature dry granules comprise the following components in percentage by mass: SiO 2 2 48～51％、Al 2 O 3 19～21％、K 2 O 2～4％、Na 2 O 3～4％、CaO 5～6％、MgO 1～2％、ZnO 7～9％、BaO 0.1～0.5％、SrO 2 6-7%, the ignition loss is less than or equal to 2%, and the sum of the mass percentages of the components is 100%. In one embodiment, the high-temperature matte powder has a particle mesh number of less than 300 meshes, and comprises the following components in percentage by mass: SiO 2 2 38～42％、Al 2 O 3 18～21％、K 2 O 1～3％、Na 2 O 4～6％、CaO 1～3％、MgO 0.5～1％、ZnO 16～19％、BaO 6～9％、SrO 2 6-9%, the ignition loss is less than or equal to 1%, and the sum of the mass percentages of the components is 100%. In one embodiment, the dry particle suspending agent is viscous, and comprises the following main components in parts by weight: 20-30 parts of methyl glycol, 20-30 parts of sodium carboxymethylcellulose, 2-3 parts of sodium metaphosphate and 10-40 parts of water. In one embodiment, the glaze of the overglaze layer comprises the following components in percentage by mass: SiO 2 2 57～60％、Al 2 O 3 26～28％、K 2 O 2～3％、Na 2 O 3～5％、CaO 0.5～1.5％、MgO 0～0.5％、ZnO 0.1～0.3％、BaO 0.1～0.4％、ZrO 2 4-6%, the ignition loss is less than or equal to 6%, and the sum of the mass percentages of the components is 100%.
The photographs of the appearance of the present invention are shown in fig. 2 and 3.
The preparation method of the fine concave-convex surface matte ceramic tile comprises the following steps:
step 1: preparing blank powder: ball-milling according to a conventional blank formula to obtain slurry, and granulating the slurry in a spray drying tower to obtain powder with certain grain composition and water;
and 2, step: pressing and forming a fine concave-convex surface blank: pressing and molding the powder obtained in the step 1 on a press to obtain a green body;
and step 3: drying the green body in a drying kiln: sending the green body obtained in the step 2 into a drying kiln for drying at the drying temperature of 180-230 ℃ for 60-80 min to obtain a dried green body, wherein the water content of the dried green body is controlled to be 0.3-0.6%;
and 4, step 4: spraying surface glaze: and (4) applying the overglaze glaze material on the surface of the dried blank obtained in the step (3) by spraying through a bell jar, wherein the spraying process parameter glaze amount is 375-440 g/m 2 The specific gravity is 1.85-1.95g/ml, and the flow rate is 30-40 s; the overglaze glaze material comprises the following components in percentage by mass: SiO 2 2 57～60％、Al 2 O 3 26～28％、K 2 O 2～3％、Na 2 O 3～5％、CaO 0.5～1.5％、MgO 0～0.5％、ZnO 0.1～0.3％、BaO 0.1～0.4％、ZrO 2 4-6% of the total weight of the components, the ignition loss is less than or equal to 6%, and the sum of the mass percentages of the components is 100%;
and 5: ink-jet printing pattern color: printing the pattern on the brick surface sprayed with the glaze in the step 4 by ink jet; the patterns can be lyme stone patterns, marble patterns, cement patterns and sandstone patterns;
step 6: spraying dry granular glaze: and (4) applying the dry granular glaze material on the brick surface sprayed with the pattern in the step (5) by spraying through a bell jar, wherein the glaze amount of the spraying process parameter is 280-340 g/m 2 The specific gravity is 1.35-1.45 g/ml; the overglaze material comprises the following main components in parts by weight: 20-50 parts of low-temperature glaze slip, 10-50 parts of high-temperature dry particles, 50-100 parts of medium-temperature dry particles, 30-50 parts of high-temperature matte powder and 200-400 parts of dry particle suspending agent; wherein the specific gravity of the low-temperature glaze slip is 1.85-1.95 g/ml; the low-temperature glaze slip comprises the following components in percentage by mass: SiO 2 2 48～51％、Al 2 O 3 18～21％、K 2 O 0.5～2％、Na 2 O2-4%, CaO 12-14%, MgO 2-3%, ZnO 4-6%, BaO 5-7%, and ignition loss less than or equal to 4%, wherein the sum of the mass percentages of the components is 100%; the high-temperature dry granules are high-temperature matte transparent dry granules, the particle mesh number of the high-temperature dry granules is 100-300 meshes, and the high-temperature dry granules comprise the following components in percentage by mass: SiO 2 2 44～47％、Al 2 O 3 18～21％、K 2 O 2～4％、Na 2 O 3～5％、CaO 4～7％、MgO 1～3％、ZnO 4～6％、BaO 12～14％、SrO 2 4-7%, wherein the ignition loss is less than or equal to 1%, and the sum of the mass percentages of the components is 100%; the medium-temperature dry granules are medium-temperature slightly bright transparent dry granules, the particle mesh number of the medium-temperature dry granules is 100-250 meshes, and the medium-temperature dry granules comprise the following components in percentage by mass: SiO 2 2 48～51％、Al 2 O 3 19～21％、K 2 O 2～4％、Na 2 O 3～4％、CaO 5～6％、MgO 1～2％、ZnO 7～9％、BaO 0.1～0.5％、SrO 2 6-7%, the ignition loss is less than or equal to 2%, and the sum of the mass percentages of the components is 100%; the high-temperature matte powder has the particle mesh number less than 300 meshes, and comprises the following components in percentage by mass: SiO 2 2 38～42％、Al 2 O 3 18～21％、K 2 O 1～3％、Na 2 O 4～6％、CaO 1～3％、MgO 0.5～1％、ZnO 16～19％、BaO 6～9％、SrO 2 6-9%, the ignition loss is less than or equal to 1%, and the sum of the mass percentages of the components is 100%; the dry particle suspending agent is sticky, and comprises the following main components in parts by weight: 20-30 parts of methyl glycol, 20-30 parts of sodium carboxymethylcellulose, 2-3 parts of sodium metaphosphate and 10-40 parts of water;
and 7: firing in a kiln: firing the semi-finished product obtained in the step 6 in a kiln at the firing temperature of 1190-1220 ℃ for 60-70 min;
and 8: brushing and polishing by a polishing machine: and (3) brushing and polishing the product obtained in the step (7) on a polishing machine, wherein the specification of the grinding blocks is 38 x 9.5 x 14.5mm, the distribution condition of the grinding blocks is that the grinding blocks are 7 groups of silicon carbide matte fiber brushes with 120 meshes and 6 groups of silicon carbide matte fiber brushes with 150 meshes, and the brushing and polishing time is 2-5 min.
And then, edging, quality inspection, packaging and warehousing are carried out on the product obtained after the steps 1-8.
In one embodiment, the mold used in the pressing process in step 2 is a PETG material which has been engraved with a laser engraving machine to have a fine concavo-convex natural texture with a line width of 0.04-0.1 mm and a line depth or height of 0.05-1.1 mm.
And according to the above embodiments, the following specific examples are proposed:
example 1:
the preparation method of the fine concave-convex surface matte ceramic tile comprises the following process flows:
step 1: preparing blank powder: ball-milling according to a conventional blank formula to obtain slurry, and granulating the obtained slurry in a spray drying tower to obtain powder with certain grain composition and water;
and 2, step: pressing and forming a fine concave-convex surface blank: pressing and molding the powder obtained in the step 1 on a press to obtain a green body, wherein the pressed die is a PETG material which is carved into fine concave-convex natural texture by a laser engraving machine;
and step 3: drying the blank body in a drying kiln: conveying the green body obtained in the step 2 into a drying kiln for drying at the drying temperature of 190 ℃ for 70min to obtain a dried green body, wherein the water content of the dried green body is controlled to be 0.4%;
and 4, step 4: spraying surface glaze: and (3) applying the overglaze glaze material on the surface of the dried blank obtained in the step (3) by spraying through a bell jar, wherein the glaze amount is 390g/m 2 The specific gravity is 1.90g/ml, and the flow rate is 35 s; the overglaze glaze material comprises the following components in percentage by mass: SiO 2 2 57.5％、Al 2 O 3 26.2％、K 2 O2.45％、Na 2 O 3.55％、CaO 0.65％、MgO 0.25％、ZnO 0.3％、BaO 0.25％、ZrO 2 4.55 percent and 4.3 percent of scorch, wherein the sum of the mass percent of the components is 100 percent;
and 5: ink-jet printing pattern color, namely ink-jet printing patterns such as lyme stone patterns, marble patterns, cement patterns, sandstone patterns and the like on the brick surface sprayed with the glaze in the step 4;
step 6: and (3) spraying dry granular glaze, namely spraying the dry granular glaze material on the surface of the brick sprayed with the pattern in the step (5) by using a bell jar, wherein the spraying process parameter glaze amount is 290g/m 2 The specific gravity is 1.38 g/ml; the overglaze material comprises the following main components in parts by weight: 30 parts of low-temperature glaze slip, 15 parts of high-temperature dry particles, 85 parts of medium-temperature dry particles, 35 parts of high-temperature matte powder and 220 parts of dry particle suspending agent, wherein the specific gravity of the low-temperature glaze slip is 1.90 g/ml. The low-temperature glaze slip comprises the following components in percentage by mass: SiO 2 2 49.08％、Al 2 O 3 19.19％、K 2 O 0.68％、Na 2 O2.61%, CaO 12.63%, MgO 2.46%, ZnO4.39%, BaO 5.91%, and ignition loss 3.05%, wherein the sum of the mass percentages of the components is 100%; the high-temperature dry granules comprise the following components in percentage by mass: SiO 2 2 45.02％、Al 2 O 3 18.24％、K 2 O2.41％、Na 2 O 3.84％、CaO 5.24％、MgO 1.56％、ZnO 4.88％、BaO 13.17％、SrO 2 5.19 percent and 0.45 percent of scorch, and the sum of the mass percent of the components is 100 percent; the warm-drying granules comprise the following components in percentage by mass: SiO 2 2 50.43％、Al 2 O 3 20.34％、K 2 O 3.2％、Na 2 O 3.81％、CaO 5.59％、MgO 1.17％、ZnO 7.65％、BaO 0.25％、SrO 2 6.59 percent of the total weight of the components, the ignition loss is less than or equal to 0.97 percent, and the total weight percent of the components is 100 percent; the high-temperature matte powder comprises the following components in percentage by mass: SiO 2 2 40.1％、Al 2 O 3 18.84％、K 2 O 1.49％、Na 2 O 5.19％、CaO 1.6％、MgO 0.56％、ZnO 17.19％、BaO 7.39％、SrO 2 7.07 percent of the weight percentage of the components, the ignition loss is less than or equal to 0.57 percent, and the sum of the mass percentages of the components is 100 percent; the dry particle suspending agent is sticky and comprises the following main components in parts by weight: 25 parts of methyl glycol, 25 parts of sodium carboxymethyl cellulose, 4 parts of sodium metaphosphate and 30 parts of water;
and 7: firing in a kiln, namely firing the semi-finished product obtained in the step 6 in the kiln at the firing temperature of 1195 ℃ for 65 min;
and step 8: brushing and polishing the product obtained in the step 7 on a polishing machine, wherein the specification of the grinding blocks is 38 x 9.5 x 14.5mm, the distribution condition of the grinding blocks is 7 groups of silicon carbide matte fiber brushes with 120 meshes and 6 groups of silicon carbide matte fiber brushes with 150 meshes, and the brushing and polishing time is 2 min;
and then, edging, quality inspection, packaging and warehousing are carried out on the product obtained after the steps 1-8.
And on the basis of example 1, the following 6 comparative examples are provided:
comparative example 1:
the green body compression molding step of the step 2 in the embodiment 1 is simplified, PETG material molds carved with fine concave-convex natural textures by a laser engraving machine are not used for compression, the PETG material molds are normally pressed into a plane blank, and other processes and materials are the same as those in the embodiment 1, so that a product is obtained.
Comparative example 2:
the overglaze material sprayed in the step 4 of the embodiment 1 is replaced by the common overglaze material, and other manufacturing processes and materials are the same as those of the embodiment 1, so that a product is obtained.
Comparative example 3:
the high-temperature dry particle component of the dry particle glaze in the step 6 of the example 1 is removed, and other manufacturing processes and materials are the same as those of the example 1, so that a product is obtained.
Comparative example 4:
the medium temperature dry particle component of the dry particle glaze in the step 6 of the example 1 is removed, and other manufacturing processes and materials are the same as those of the example 1, so that a product is obtained.
Comparative example 5:
and (3) removing the high-temperature matte powder component of the dry granular glaze in the step 6 of the example 1, and obtaining a product by the same other manufacturing processes and materials as the example 1.
Comparative example 6:
the low-temperature glaze slurry component of the dry granular glaze in the step 6 of the example 1 is removed, and other manufacturing processes and materials are the same as those of the example 1, so that a product is obtained.
The surface appearance, touch, gloss, stain resistance, slip resistance, abrasion resistance and breaking strength of the products obtained in example 1 and comparative examples 1 to 6 were tested, wherein the gloss, stain resistance, slip resistance, abrasion resistance and breaking strength were tested according to the corresponding national standards, and the test results are shown in table 1 below:
TABLE 1
The test results of the products of example 1 and comparative examples 1 to 6 were analyzed, and it was found that:
1. comparing the products of comparative example 1 with the products of example 1, in the comparative example 1, only the blank with the fine concave-convex surface in the example 1 is replaced by a flat blank, although the surface of the plate tested by the flat blank is smooth and fine, the surface appearance has only a micro-gloss effect, and the stereoscopic impression and the layering impression of the fine concave-convex blank and the light and shadow layering effect of low light and no light contrast are lacked;
2. compared with the product corresponding to the embodiment 1, the product corresponding to the comparative example 2 is compared, an original overglaze scheme is selected in the embodiment 1, and the selection of the components and the proportion of the overglaze ensures that the pattern printed by ink-jet printing can obtain a clearer effect, and simultaneously provides good color development capability and effect for the ink-jet printed pattern.
3. The results of comparing comparative example 3 with the product corresponding to example 1, not using the high temperature dry granules in comparative example 3, and comparing comparative example 4 with the product corresponding to example 1, not using the medium temperature dry granules in comparative example 4 show that the matching application of the high temperature dry granules and the medium temperature dry granules in the dry granule glaze, and the selection of the components and the dosage can obtain the effects of superior performance and better texture.
4. Comparing the product in comparative example 5 with the product in example 1, the high-temperature matte powder is additionally added in example 1, wherein the addition of the high-temperature matte powder in the dry particle glaze reduces the glossiness of the product, reduces the light pollution caused by excessively strong reflected light, and simultaneously does not roughen the surface to cause poor texture or dirt absorption;
5. compared with the product corresponding to the embodiment 1, the low-temperature glaze slip is added in the embodiment 1, wherein the addition of the low-temperature glaze slip in the dry granular glaze is beneficial to improving the glossiness of the surface of the product, the filling effect is generated in gaps between dry granules and dry granules, the internal structure of the dry granular glaze is further improved, the lubricating texture of the glaze surface is better, and the anti-fouling capability of the product is greatly improved.
In conclusion, the invention selects the original surface glaze and dry particle glaze combination formula, and adopts the manufacturing process of 'fine mould + fine dry particle glaze spraying + brushing polishing' in the manufacturing process flow to prepare the fine concave-convex matte ceramic tile, the fine concave-convex matte ceramic tile has the delicate touch feeling of shallow concave-convex on the surface of the ceramic tile, not only has the advantages of skid resistance, wear resistance, pollution resistance and high breaking strength, but also has the decorative effect of a simple and lasting smell, and the light and shadow layering effect of low light and no light contrast, is just like the trace remained after years of milling, and has the aesthetic feeling after years of precipitation. Brings the historic precipitation feeling and the temperature feeling of the times to the family life, and endows the whole space with harmonious comfortable feeling.
Claims (8)
1. The fine concavo-convex matte ceramic tile is characterized by comprising a blank layer (1) with concavo-convex texture, wherein a overglaze layer (2) consisting of feldspar calcium glaze is arranged on the blank layer (1), a pattern layer (3) is arranged on the overglaze layer (2), and a dry grain glaze layer (4) is arranged on the pattern layer (3), wherein the glaze of the dry grain glaze layer (4) comprises the following main components in parts by mass:
the low-temperature glaze slip comprises the following components in percentage by mass:
and the sum of the mass percent of all the components is 100 percent;
and the high-temperature matte powder has a particle mesh number less than 300 meshes, and comprises the following components in percentage by mass:
and the sum of the mass percent of all the components is 100 percent.
2. The fine uneven-surface matte ceramic tile according to claim 1, wherein the specific gravity of the low-temperature glaze slip is 1.85-1.95 g/ml.
3. The fine concavo-convex surface matte ceramic tile according to claim 1, wherein the grain mesh number of the high-temperature dry grains is 100-300 meshes, and the high-temperature dry grains comprise the following components in percentage by mass:
and the sum of the mass percent of all the components is 100 percent.
4. The fine concavo-convex surface matte ceramic tile according to claim 1, wherein the particle mesh number of the medium-temperature dry particles is 100-250 meshes, and the medium-temperature dry particles comprise the following components in percentage by mass:
and the sum of the mass percentages of the components is 100 percent.
5. The fine concavo-convex surface matte ceramic tile as claimed in claim 1, wherein the dry particle suspending agent comprises the following main components in parts by weight:
6. a fine relief matte ceramic tile according to claim 1, characterized in that said glaze of the overglaze layer (2) comprises, in mass percent, the following components:
and the sum of the mass percentages of the components is 100 percent.
7. A preparation method of a fine concave-convex surface matte ceramic tile is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step 1: preparing blank powder: ball-milling according to a conventional blank formula to obtain slurry, and granulating the slurry in a spray drying tower to obtain powder;
and 2, step: pressing and molding the fine concave-convex blank: pressing and molding the powder obtained in the step 1 on a press to obtain a green body;
and step 3: drying the green body in a drying kiln: sending the green body obtained in the step 2 into a drying kiln for drying at the drying temperature of 180-230 ℃ for 60-80 min to obtain a dried green body, wherein the water content of the dried green body is controlled to be 0.3-0.6%;
and 4, step 4: spraying surface glaze: and (4) applying the overglaze glaze material on the surface of the dried blank obtained in the step (3) by spraying through a bell jar, wherein the spraying process parameter glaze amount is 375-440 g/m 2 The specific gravity is 1.85-1.95g/ml, and the flow rate is 30-40 s; the overglaze material composition is as defined in claim 6;
and 5: ink-jet printing pattern color: printing the pattern on the brick surface sprayed with the glaze in the step 4 by ink jet;
step 6: spraying dry granular glaze: and (3) applying the dry granular glaze material on the brick surface sprayed with the pattern in the step (5) by spraying through a bell jar, wherein the glaze amount of the process parameter of spraying is 280-340 g/m 2 The specific gravity is 1.35-1.45 g/ml; the dry particle glaze material is as defined in any one of claims 1 to 5;
and 7: firing in a kiln: firing the semi-finished product obtained in the step 6 in a kiln at the firing temperature of 1190-1220 ℃ for 60-70 min;
and step 8: brushing and polishing by a polishing machine: and (3) brushing and polishing the product obtained in the step (7) on a polishing machine, wherein the specification of the grinding blocks is 38 x 9.5 x 14.5mm, the distribution condition of the grinding blocks is that the grinding blocks are 7 groups of silicon carbide matte fiber brushes with 120 meshes and 6 groups of silicon carbide matte fiber brushes with 150 meshes, and the brushing and polishing time is 2-5 min.
8. The method for preparing fine concavo-convex matte ceramic tiles according to claim 7, wherein the mould used in the pressing process in the step 2 is PETG material which is carved with fine concavo-convex natural texture by a laser engraving machine, the width of the lines of the concavo-convex natural texture is 0.04-0.1 mm, and the depth or height of the lines is 0.05-1.1 mm.
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| CN112174529B (en) * | 2020-10-26 | 2022-03-15 | 广东清远蒙娜丽莎建陶有限公司 | Non-light dry particle glaze, ceramic tile with non-light dry particle glaze effect and preparation method thereof |
| CN114735935B (en) * | 2022-03-31 | 2023-09-22 | 佛山市阿特贝尔建材有限公司 | 5-degree low-light diffuse reflection ceramic rock plate and preparation method thereof |
| CN114773093B (en) * | 2022-06-22 | 2022-11-11 | 新明珠集团股份有限公司 | Dry grain glaze, ceramic tile with time stamp effect and preparation method thereof |
| CN116199529A (en) * | 2022-12-30 | 2023-06-02 | 广西欧神诺陶瓷有限公司 | Fine and smooth matte dry grain glazed ceramic tile and preparation method thereof |
| CN116063105B (en) * | 2023-01-14 | 2023-09-22 | 佛山市普竹陶瓷科技有限公司 | Leather grain marble tile and preparation method thereof |
| CN116282925B (en) * | 2023-05-22 | 2023-09-19 | 新明珠集团股份有限公司 | Matte antifouling overglaze, matte antifouling ceramic tile and preparation method thereof |
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Address after: 528061 1st floor, No.18 taobo Avenue, Huaxia Ceramics Expo City, Nanzhuang Town, Chancheng District, Foshan City, Guangdong Province Patentee after: New Pearl Group Co.,Ltd. Patentee after: FOSHAN SANSHUI NEW PEARL CONSTRUCTION CERAMICS INDUSTRIAL Co.,Ltd. Patentee after: New Pearl (Guangdong) New Materials Co.,Ltd. Patentee after: Jiangxi Xinmingzhu Building Materials Co.,Ltd. Patentee after: Hubei new Ming Zhu Green Building Materials Technology Co.,Ltd. Address before: 528061 1st floor, No.18 taobo Avenue, Huaxia Ceramics Expo City, Nanzhuang Town, Chancheng District, Foshan City, Guangdong Province Patentee before: New Pearl Group Co.,Ltd. Patentee before: FOSHAN SANSHUI NEW PEARL CONSTRUCTION CERAMICS INDUSTRIAL Co.,Ltd. Patentee before: GUANGDONG SUMMIT CERAMICS Co.,Ltd. Patentee before: Jiangxi Xinmingzhu Building Materials Co.,Ltd. Patentee before: Hubei new Ming Zhu Green Building Materials Technology Co.,Ltd. |
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