CN113798510A - Method for recovering powder 3D printing by using W modified AlSi10Mg - Google Patents

Method for recovering powder 3D printing by using W modified AlSi10Mg Download PDF

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CN113798510A
CN113798510A CN202110911895.4A CN202110911895A CN113798510A CN 113798510 A CN113798510 A CN 113798510A CN 202110911895 A CN202110911895 A CN 202110911895A CN 113798510 A CN113798510 A CN 113798510A
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powder
alsi10mg
printing
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slm
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CN113798510B (en
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卓龙超
徐锦涛
尹恩怀
刘冬雪
张琪琪
刘秀利
苑博
袁学礼
李超
安占军
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Xian University of Technology
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Xian University of Technology
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F10/00—Additive manufacturing of workpieces or articles from metallic powder
    • B22F10/20—Direct sintering or melting
    • B22F10/28—Powder bed fusion, e.g. selective laser melting [SLM] or electron beam melting [EBM]
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F9/00—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof
    • B22F9/02—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes
    • B22F9/04—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes starting from solid material, e.g. by crushing, grinding or milling
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
    • B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
    • B33Y10/00—Processes of additive manufacturing
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
    • B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
    • B33Y70/00—Materials specially adapted for additive manufacturing
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C21/00—Alloys based on aluminium
    • C22C21/02—Alloys based on aluminium with silicon as the next major constituent
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F9/00—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof
    • B22F9/02—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes
    • B22F9/04—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes starting from solid material, e.g. by crushing, grinding or milling
    • B22F2009/043—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes starting from solid material, e.g. by crushing, grinding or milling by ball milling
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
    • Y02P10/25—Process efficiency

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Plasma & Fusion (AREA)
  • Powder Metallurgy (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a method for recovering powder by using W modified AlSi10Mg for 3D printing, which is implemented by the following steps: step 1, weighing the following raw materials in percentage by mass: the recovery powder of AlSi10Mg accounts for 50 wt% -99.9 wt%, the powder of W accounts for 0.1 wt% -50 wt%, and the sum of the mass percentages of the components is 100%; step 2, weighing agate balls with the same weight as the composite powder; step 3, placing the weighed agate balls into a ball milling tank; step 4, starting the ball mill; step 5, putting the mixture into a vacuum oven to dry the absolute ethyl alcohol; step 6, filling the sieved composite powder into a bottle for the subsequent SLM process; and 7, printing by using the SLM equipment. The method solves the problems of low laser absorptivity, low forming efficiency and poor mechanical property of the recovered powder after SLM forming of the AlSi10Mg recovered powder in the prior art.

Description

Method for recovering powder 3D printing by using W modified AlSi10Mg
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of intelligent manufacturing, and particularly relates to a 3D printing method for recovering powder by using W modified AlSi10 Mg.
Background
In recent years, the Selective Laser Melting (SLM) technology for aluminum alloys is rapidly developed and widely applied in the aerospace field, and the SLM metal powder with high strength and excellent performance and the matched optimal SLM process parameters thereof are required in the technology. In the prior art, the traditional grade AlSi10Mg aluminum alloy powder is mostly used, and the technical route has mature process and short development period. However, the SLM-formed AlSi10Mg alloy has moderate tensile strength and low elongation, and AlSi10Mg has high laser reflectivity and low laser absorptivity in the wavelength range of the fiber laser conventionally used by the SLM, the SLM-formed AlSi10Mg has high requirements on the laser power of the device, and the laser rate is slow when part of the device with low laser power forms AlSi10Mg, resulting in low forming efficiency. In addition, during the SLM forming process, the powder that is not melted is also affected by heat, resulting in the growth of the grain size of the reclaimed powder, changes in texture and sphericity, and a reduction in performance when the part is formed again. Therefore, the problems of low laser absorptivity and low forming efficiency of the AlSi10Mg recycled powder and poor mechanical properties of the AlSi10Mg recycled powder after SLM forming are urgently needed to be solved.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a method for 3D printing by utilizing W modified AlSi10Mg recycled powder, which solves the problems of low laser absorptivity, low forming efficiency and poor mechanical property of the recycled powder after SLM forming in the prior art of the AlSi10Mg recycled powder.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention is that the 3D printing method for recovering powder by using W modified AlSi10Mg is implemented according to the following steps:
step 1, weighing the following raw materials in percentage by mass: the recovery powder of AlSi10Mg accounts for 50 wt% -99.9 wt%, the powder of W accounts for 0.1 wt% -50 wt%, and the sum of the mass percentages of the components is 100%; manually and uniformly mixing the recovered AlSi10Mg powder and the W powder by using a spoon to obtain composite powder;
step 2, weighing agate balls with the same weight as the composite powder;
step 3, placing the weighed agate balls into a ball milling tank, then placing the composite powder into the ball milling tank, pouring absolute ethyl alcohol into the ball milling tank, and enabling the liquid level to be 1-10 mm higher than the top surface of the powder-ball mixture in the tank;
step 4, starting the ball mill, setting the rotating speed of the ball mill to be 50 r/min-400 r/min, rotating forward for 30min, stopping for 30min, rotating backward for 30min, and effectively milling for 60 min-3000 min;
step 5, after the ball mill is stopped and completely cooled, opening the cover, putting the ball mill into a vacuum oven to dry the absolute ethyl alcohol, wherein the temperature is set to be 50-200 ℃, and the drying time is 0.5-30 h;
step 6, taking the ball milling tank out of the oven, sieving the composite powder by using a 120-mesh or 230-mesh standard sieve, and filling the sieved composite powder into a bottle for use in the subsequent SLM process;
step 7, use SLM 280HLThe equipment is used for printing under the protection of argon, the laser power is 100W-300W, the scanning speed is 200 mm/s-4000 mm/s, the scanning interval is 0.02 mm-0.5 mm, and the powder layer spreading thickness is 0.01 mm-0.1 mm.
The present invention is also characterized in that,
in the step 1, the recovery powder of AlSi10Mg comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 9.0-11.0% of Si, 0.2-0.5% of Mg, less than 0.25% of Fe, less than 0.15% of Ti, less than 0.1% of Mn, less than 0.1% of Zn, less than 0.05% of Cu, less than 0.02% of Sn, less than 0.02% of Pb, and the balance of Al, wherein the sum of the mass percentages of the components is 100%.
In the step 2, the agate balls have three specifications of small, medium and large, the diameters of the agate balls are 2-10 mm, 10.1-15 mm and 15.1-40 mm in sequence, and the mass ratio is 5:3:2 respectively.
Recovering AlSi10Mg powder, wherein the particle size distribution of the powder is 10-180 μm.
The AlSi10Mg recovered powder was a primary recovered powder.
The W content of the W raw material powder needs to be more than 99.99 wt%.
The particle size distribution of the W raw material powder is 0.01-5 μm.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
firstly, improving the laser absorptivity of powder: the invention uses a ball milling method to uniformly mix metal W powder with the recovery powder of AlSi10Mg, and the fine W powder can be adsorbed on the surface of the recovery powder of AlSi10Mg due to Van der Waals force. At present, the wavelength of a laser of the SLM device is about 1070nm, the laser absorptivity of AlSi10Mg at the wavelength is about 9%, the laser absorptivity of W at the wavelength is about 60%, and the laser absorptivity of the composite powder is greatly increased by adding W. Meanwhile, the W powder attached to the surface of the AlSi10Mg increases the probability of reflection and scattering of laser light among the powder, and further increases the laser light absorption rate of the composite powder.
Secondly, improving the forming efficiency: the laser absorptivity of the recovered powder of AlSi10Mg is low, the laser power of a part of SLM equipment is low, AlSi10Mg can be formed only by reducing the laser scanning rate, and the forming efficiency is low; the composite powder prepared by the invention has high laser absorptivity, reduces the requirement on the laser power of equipment, and can improve the laser scanning speed and the forming efficiency under the same laser power.
Thirdly, improving the mechanical property of the recovered powder after SLM forming: w has stable chemical property, small thermal expansion coefficient, good wear resistance and similar physical property with ceramic, and Al and W can react to generate Al12W, smaller W particles are completely converted to Al12W phase capable of heterogeneous nucleation and crystal refinementThe function of the granule; the larger W particles are formed at the interface and can play a role of pinning grain boundaries, and the larger W particles are well combined with an aluminum matrix after being added, so that the part formed by the SLM has good performance, the yield strength is 286.8 +/-7.3 MPa, the tensile strength is 441 +/-4.2 MPa, and the elongation is 3.07 +/-0.32%.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is an SEM topography of a recovered powder of AlSi10 Mg;
FIG. 2 is an SEM topography of a W feedstock powder;
FIG. 3 is an SEM topography of the composite powder prepared in example 4;
FIG. 4 is a partial enlarged view of FIG. 3 in embodiment 4;
FIG. 5 is an SEM topography of the surface of the sample prepared in example 4;
fig. 6 is a partially enlarged view of fig. 5 in embodiment 4.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.
The invention relates to a method for recovering powder by using W modified AlSi10Mg for 3D printing, which is implemented by the following steps:
step 1, weighing the following raw materials in percentage by mass: the recovery ratio of AlSi10Mg powder is 50 wt% -99.9 wt%, the W powder is 0.1 wt% -50 wt%, and the sum of the mass percentages of the components is 100%; manually and uniformly mixing the recovered AlSi10Mg powder and the W powder by using a spoon to obtain composite powder;
in the step 1, the recovery powder of AlSi10Mg comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 9.0-11.0% of Si, 0.2-0.5% of Mg, less than 0.25% of Fe, less than 0.15% of Ti, less than 0.1% of Mn, less than 0.1% of Zn, less than 0.05% of Cu, less than 0.02% of Sn, less than 0.02% of Pb, and the balance of Al, wherein the sum of the mass percentages of the components is 100%.
The particle size distribution of the AlSi10Mg recycled powder is 10-180 μm.
Recovering AlSi10Mg to obtain primary recovered powder; the primary recovery powder refers to powder which is not melted by laser after a batch of parts is formed by SLM (laser melting) by using new supply spherical powder. These powders suffer from a loss of sphericity relative to the fresh powder and the unfused powder is thermally affected during SLM forming, resulting in growth of the grains of the reclaimed powder and a reduction in the performance of the reshaped part.
The W content of the W raw material powder needs to be more than 99.99 wt%.
The particle size distribution of the W raw material powder is 0.01-5 μm.
Step 2, weighing agate balls with the same weight as the composite powder;
in the step 2, the agate balls have three specifications of small, medium and large, the diameters of the agate balls are 2-10 mm, 10.1-15 mm and 15.1-40 mm in sequence, and the mass ratio is 5:3:2 respectively.
Step 3, placing the weighed agate balls into a ball milling tank, then placing the composite powder into the ball milling tank, pouring absolute ethyl alcohol into the ball milling tank, and enabling the liquid level to be 1-10 mm higher than the top surface of the powder-ball mixture in the tank;
step 4, starting the ball mill, setting the rotating speed of the ball mill to be 50 r/min-400 r/min, rotating forward for 30min, stopping for 30min, rotating backward for 30min, and effectively milling for 60 min-3000 min;
step 5, after the ball mill is stopped and completely cooled, opening the cover, putting the ball mill into a vacuum oven to dry the absolute ethyl alcohol, wherein the temperature is set to be 50-200 ℃, and the drying time is 0.5-30 h;
step 6, taking the ball milling tank out of the oven, sieving the composite powder by using a 120-mesh or 230-mesh standard sieve, and filling the sieved composite powder into a bottle for use in the subsequent SLM process;
step 7, use SLM 280HLThe equipment is used for printing under the protection of argon, the laser power is 100W-300W, the scanning speed is 200 mm/s-4000 mm/s, the scanning interval is 0.02 mm-0.5 mm, and the powder layer spreading thickness is 0.01 mm-0.1 mm.
According to the invention, the W powder is uniformly distributed on the surface of the AlSi10Mg recovered powder in a ball milling mode under set parameters, and the sphericity of the AlSi10Mg recovered powder is not damaged to a great extent. Under the laser wavelength of the SLM equipment, the laser absorption rate of W is far greater than that of AlSi10Mg, so that the laser absorption rate of the recovered powder of AlSi10Mg for W modification SLM provided by the invention is higher than that of the recovered powder of traditional AlSi10Mg, and meanwhile, the W attached to the surface of AlSi10Mg increases the scattering and reflection probability of laser on the surface and inside of the powder, further increases the laser absorption rate of the composite powder, reduces the power requirement of the equipment, and can increase the forming efficiency under the same laser power. The second phase can play the roles of heterogeneous nucleation, grain refinement and grain boundary pinning, so that the recovered AlSi10Mg powder can also achieve excellent performance, and the method is more suitable for SLM forming of various aluminum alloy parts in the fields of aerospace and the like.
Example 1
Step 1, weighing the following raw materials in percentage by mass: the recovery ratio of the AlSi10Mg powder is 50 wt%, the W powder is 50 wt%, and the sum of the mass percentages of the components is 100%; manually and uniformly mixing the recovered AlSi10Mg powder and the W powder by using a spoon to obtain composite powder;
and 2, weighing agate balls with the same weight as the powder, wherein the agate balls have three specifications of small, medium and large, the diameters of the agate balls are 2mm, 10.1mm and 15.1mm in sequence, and the mass ratio of the agate balls to the powder is 5:3:2 respectively.
And 3, putting the weighed agate balls into a ball milling tank, then putting the composite powder into the ball milling tank, and pouring absolute ethyl alcohol into the ball milling tank, wherein the liquid level is 1mm higher than the top surface of the powder-ball mixture in the tank.
And 4, starting the ball mill, setting the rotating speed of the ball mill to be 50r/min, positively rotating for 30min, stopping for 30min, reversely rotating for 30min, and effectively milling for 3000 min.
And 5, stopping the ball mill, completely cooling, opening the cover, putting the cover into a vacuum oven, and drying the absolute ethyl alcohol at the temperature of 50 ℃ for 30 hours.
And 6, taking the ball milling tank out of the oven, sieving the composite powder by using a 120-mesh standard sieve, and filling the sieved composite powder into a bottle for the subsequent SLM process.
And 7, performing printing test by using selective laser melting equipment under the protection of argon, wherein the laser power is 100W, the scanning speed is 200mm/s, the scanning distance is 0.02mm, and the powder layer spreading thickness is 0.01 mm.
Example 2
Step 1, weighing the following raw materials in percentage by mass: the recovery ratio of AlSi10Mg powder is 99.9 wt%, the W powder is 0.1 wt%, and the sum of the mass percentages of the components is 100%; manually and uniformly mixing the recovered AlSi10Mg powder and the W powder by using a spoon to obtain composite powder;
and 2, weighing agate balls with the same weight as the powder, wherein the agate balls have three specifications of small, medium and large, the diameters of the agate balls are 5mm, 13mm and 40mm in sequence, and the mass ratio of the agate balls to the powder is 5:3:2 respectively.
And 3, putting the weighed agate balls into a ball milling tank, then putting the composite powder into the ball milling tank, and pouring absolute ethyl alcohol into the ball milling tank, wherein the liquid level is 10mm higher than the top surface of the powder-ball mixture in the tank.
And 4, starting the ball mill, setting the rotating speed of the ball mill to be 400r/min, positively rotating for 30min, stopping for 30min, reversely rotating for 30min, and effectively milling for 200 min.
And 5, stopping the ball mill, completely cooling, opening the cover, putting the cover into a vacuum oven, and drying the absolute ethyl alcohol at the temperature of 200 ℃ for 0.5 h.
And 6, taking the ball milling tank out of the oven, sieving the composite powder by using a 230-mesh standard sieve, and filling the sieved composite powder into a bottle for the subsequent SLM process.
And 7, performing printing test by using selective laser melting equipment under the protection of argon, wherein the laser power is 300W, the scanning speed is 4000mm/s, the scanning interval is 0.5mm, and the powder layer spreading thickness is 0.1 mm.
Example 3
Step 1, weighing the following raw materials in percentage by mass: the recovery powder of AlSi10Mg accounts for 80 wt%, the powder of W accounts for 20 wt%, and the sum of the mass percentages of the components is 100%; manually and uniformly mixing the recovered AlSi10Mg powder and the W powder by using a spoon to obtain composite powder;
and 2, weighing agate balls with the same weight as the powder, wherein the agate balls have three specifications of small, medium and large, the diameters of the agate balls are 5mm, 13mm and 40mm in sequence, and the mass ratio of the agate balls to the powder is 5:3:2 respectively.
And 3, putting the weighed agate balls into a ball milling tank, then putting the composite powder into the ball milling tank, and pouring absolute ethyl alcohol into the ball milling tank, wherein the liquid level is 3mm higher than the top surface of the powder-ball mixture in the tank.
And 4, starting the ball mill, setting the rotating speed of the ball mill to be 250r/min, positively rotating for 30min, stopping for 30min, reversely rotating for 30min, and effectively milling for 1000 min.
And 5, stopping the ball mill, completely cooling, opening the cover, putting the cover into a vacuum oven, and drying the absolute ethyl alcohol at the temperature of 100 ℃ for 5 hours.
And 6, taking the ball milling tank out of the oven, sieving the composite powder by using a 120-mesh standard sieve, and filling the sieved composite powder into a bottle for the subsequent selective laser melting process.
And 7, performing printing test by using selective laser melting equipment under the protection of argon, wherein the laser power is 250W, the scanning speed is 2000mm/s, the scanning interval is 0.1mm, and the powder layer spreading thickness is 0.05 mm.
Example 4
Step 1, weighing the following raw materials in percentage by mass: 95 wt% of the recovered AlSi10Mg powder, 5 wt% of the W powder, and the sum of the mass percentages of the components is 100%; manually and uniformly mixing the recovered AlSi10Mg powder and the W powder by using a spoon to obtain composite powder;
and 2, weighing agate balls with the same weight as the powder, wherein the agate balls have three specifications of small, medium and large, the diameters of the agate balls are 10mm, 15mm and 20mm in sequence, and the mass ratio of the agate balls to the powder is 5:3:2 respectively.
And 3, putting the weighed agate balls into a ball milling tank, then putting the composite powder into the ball milling tank, and pouring absolute ethyl alcohol into the ball milling tank, wherein the liquid level is 5mm higher than the top surface of the powder-ball mixture in the tank.
And 4, starting the ball mill, setting the rotating speed of the ball mill to be 180r/min, positively rotating for 30min, stopping for 30min, reversely rotating for 30min, and effectively milling for 300 min.
And 5, stopping the ball mill, completely cooling, opening the cover, putting the cover into a vacuum oven, and drying the absolute ethyl alcohol at the temperature of 80 ℃ for 10 hours.
And 6, taking the ball milling tank out of the oven, sieving the composite powder by using a 230-mesh standard sieve, and filling the sieved composite powder into a bottle for the subsequent selective laser melting process. Fig. 3 and 4 are SEM topography images of the prepared composite powder.
And 7, performing printing test by using selective laser melting equipment under the protection of argon, wherein the laser power is 270W, the scanning speed is 2200mm/s, the scanning interval is 0.08mm, and the powder layer spreading thickness is 0.03 mm.
As can be seen from FIG. 1, the sphericity of the recovered AlSi10Mg powder is greatly influenced, the particle size distribution is 10-180 μm, and the performance of the part obtained by SLM forming by using the powder is reduced;
as can be seen from FIG. 2, the W powder has a uniform size distribution, and an average particle size of about 500nm, and is favorably adhered to the surface of the AlSi10Mg reclaimed powder by virtue of Van der Waals force;
3-4, it can be seen that the W powder is uniformly dispersed on the surface of the AlSi10Mg recycled powder, the reflection and scattering probability of the laser on the powder surface is increased, and meanwhile, the laser absorption rate of W is much greater than that of AlSi10Mg, so that the laser absorption rate of the composite powder is improved, the requirement on the laser power of the SLM equipment is reduced, and the forming efficiency can be improved under the same laser power;
it can be seen from fig. 5-6 that dispersed and fine second phases are precipitated in the sample SLM-molded by using the composite powder, wherein the second phases precipitated in the crystal grain can play a role in heteronucleation and grain refinement, and the second phases precipitated in the grain boundary can play a role in pinning the grain boundary and blocking dislocation movement, which is helpful for improving the strength of the material, so that the recovered AlSi10Mg powder can also obtain excellent performance after SLM molding.
Example 5
Step 1, weighing the following raw materials in percentage by mass: 60 wt% of the recovered AlSi10Mg powder, 40 wt% of the W powder, and the sum of the mass percentages of the components is 100%; manually and uniformly mixing the recovered AlSi10Mg powder and the W powder by using a spoon to obtain composite powder;
and 2, weighing agate balls with the same weight as the powder, wherein the agate balls have three specifications of small, medium and large, the diameters of the agate balls are 6mm, 12mm and 20mm in sequence, and the mass ratio of the agate balls to the powder is 5:3:2 respectively.
And 3, putting the weighed agate balls into a ball milling tank, then putting the composite powder into the ball milling tank, and pouring absolute ethyl alcohol into the ball milling tank, wherein the liquid level is 7mm higher than the top surface of the powder-ball mixture in the tank.
And 4, starting the ball mill, setting the rotating speed of the ball mill to be 300r/min, positively rotating for 30min, stopping for 30min, reversely rotating for 30min, and effectively milling for 60 min.
And 5, stopping the ball mill, completely cooling, opening the cover, putting the cover into a vacuum oven, and drying the absolute ethyl alcohol at the temperature of 150 ℃ for 3 hours.
And 6, taking the ball milling tank out of the oven, sieving the composite powder by using a 230-mesh standard sieve, and filling the sieved composite powder into a bottle for the subsequent SLM process.
And 7, performing printing test by using selective laser melting equipment under the protection of argon, wherein the laser power is 150W, the scanning speed is 1000mm/s, the scanning distance is 0.3mm, and the powder layer spreading thickness is 0.02 mm.
The mechanical properties of the recovered AlSi10Mg for forming the W-modified SLM under different SLM process parameters provided in the embodiments of the present invention can be detected by a conventional method in the art, for example: according to GB/T228.1-2010 metallic Material tensile test first part: the room temperature test method adopts wire cut electrical discharge machining to process a sample into a thin plate-shaped tensile sample, and adopts a universal tensile testing machine to carry out room temperature tensile, and the experimental result shows that the yield strength of the product printed by the W modified AlSi10Mg recycled powder prepared by the invention is increased by 15 percent compared with the product printed by the conventional AlSi10Mg aluminum alloy powder, the tensile strength is increased by 11 percent, and the elongation is basically equivalent.
The invention discloses a 3D printing method for recovering powder by utilizing W modified AlSi10Mg, which has the advantages that:
according to the invention, through a ball milling mode, W powder is uniformly distributed on the surface of the AlSi10Mg recovered powder on the premise that the rotation speed is 50-400 r/min, the forward rotation is 30min, the stop is 30min, the reverse rotation is 30min, and the effective ball milling time is 60-3000 min, and the sphericity of the AlSi10Mg recovered powder is not damaged to a great extent. Under the laser wavelength of the SLM equipment, the laser absorption rate of W is far greater than that of AlSi10Mg, so that the laser absorption rate of the recovered powder of AlSi10Mg for W modification SLM provided by the invention is higher than that of the recovered powder of traditional AlSi10Mg, and meanwhile, the W attached to the surface of AlSi10Mg increases the scattering and reflection probability of laser on the surface and inside of the powder, further increases the laser absorption rate of the composite powder, reduces the power requirement of the equipment, and can increase the forming efficiency under the same laser power. The second phase can play the roles of heterogeneous nucleation, grain refinement and grain boundary pinning, so that the recovered AlSi10Mg powder can also achieve excellent performance, and the method is more suitable for SLM forming of various aluminum alloy parts in the fields of aerospace and the like.

Claims (7)

1. A method for recovering powder 3D printing by using W modified AlSi10Mg is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step 1, weighing the following raw materials in percentage by mass: the recovery powder of AlSi10Mg accounts for 50 wt% -99.9 wt%, the powder of W accounts for 0.1 wt% -50 wt%, and the sum of the mass percentages of the components is 100%; manually and uniformly mixing the recovered AlSi10Mg powder and the W powder by using a spoon to obtain composite powder;
step 2, weighing agate balls with the same weight as the composite powder;
step 3, placing the weighed agate balls into a ball milling tank, then placing the composite powder into the ball milling tank, pouring absolute ethyl alcohol into the ball milling tank, and enabling the liquid level to be 1-10 mm higher than the top surface of the powder-ball mixture in the tank;
step 4, starting the ball mill, setting the rotating speed of the ball mill to be 50 r/min-400 r/min, rotating forward for 30min, stopping for 30min, rotating backward for 30min, and effectively milling for 60 min-3000 min;
step 5, after the ball mill is stopped and completely cooled, opening the cover, putting the ball mill into a vacuum oven to dry the absolute ethyl alcohol, wherein the temperature is set to be 50-200 ℃, and the drying time is 0.5-30 h;
step 6, taking the ball milling tank out of the oven, sieving the composite powder by using a 120-mesh or 230-mesh standard sieve, and filling the sieved composite powder into a bottle for use in the subsequent SLM process;
and 7, printing by using SLM equipment under the protection of argon, wherein the laser power is 100-300W, the scanning speed is 200-4000 mm/s, the scanning distance is 0.02-0.5 mm, and the powder layer spreading thickness is 0.01-0.1 mm.
2. The method for 3D printing by using the recycled powder of W-modified AlSi10Mg as claimed in claim 1, wherein in step 1, the recycled powder of AlSi10Mg comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 9.0-11.0% of Si, 0.2-0.5% of Mg, less than 0.25% of Fe, less than 0.15% of Ti, less than 0.1% of Mn, less than 0.1% of Zn, less than 0.05% of Cu, less than 0.02% of Sn, less than 0.02% of Pb, and the balance of Al, wherein the sum of the mass percentages of the components is 100%.
3. The method for 3D printing by using the recycled powder of W modified AlSi10Mg as claimed in claim 1, wherein in step 2, the agate balls have three specifications of small, medium and large, the diameters are 2 mm-10 mm, 10.1 mm-15 mm and 15.1 mm-40 mm in sequence, and the mass ratio is 5:3:2 respectively.
4. The method for 3D printing by using the W modified AlSi10Mg recycled powder is characterized in that the AlSi10Mg recycled powder has a particle size distribution of 10-180 μm.
5. The method for 3D printing utilizing W modified AlSi10Mg recycled powder of claim 1, wherein the AlSi10Mg recycled powder is a primary recycled powder.
6. The method for 3D printing by using the W modified AlSi10Mg recycled powder, according to claim 1, wherein the W content of the W raw material powder is more than 99.99 wt%.
7. The method for 3D printing by using the W modified AlSi10Mg recycled powder is characterized in that the particle size distribution of the W raw material powder is 0.01-5 μm.
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