CN104226980A - Method for enhancing laser energy absorption efficiency of metal powder material - Google Patents

Method for enhancing laser energy absorption efficiency of metal powder material Download PDF

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Publication number
CN104226980A
CN104226980A CN201410363227.2A CN201410363227A CN104226980A CN 104226980 A CN104226980 A CN 104226980A CN 201410363227 A CN201410363227 A CN 201410363227A CN 104226980 A CN104226980 A CN 104226980A
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powder
metal
metal powder
energy absorption
laser energy
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CN104226980B (en
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王林志
段宣明
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Chongqing Institute of Green and Intelligent Technology of CAS
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Chongqing Institute of Green and Intelligent Technology of CAS
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    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
    • Y02P10/25—Process efficiency

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Abstract

The invention discloses a method for enhancing the laser energy absorption efficiency of a metal powder material. The method comprises the following steps of preparing metal powder and a carbon material, purifying the carbon material, uniformly mixing the metal powder and the purified carbon material, performing gas atomization treatment on a mixture of the metal powder and the carbon material to obtain a metal/carbon composite material, and performing ball-milling treatment on the metal/carbon composite material obtained by gas atomization, wherein the carbon material is a carbon nanotube, graphene, graphite or carbon black, and the amount of the carbon material is 0.5 to 10 percent based on the total amount. According to the method, the carbon material is added into the metal powder, gas atomization and ball-milling processes are sequentially used for treatment, and the powder material with a uniform particle size, high sphericity and laser absorption rate capable of reaching 70 percent is finally prepared, so that the laser machining efficiency of the powder material and the mechanical performance of a formed part can be greatly improved, and the manufacturing cost can be lowered.

Description

Strengthen the method for metal powder material laser energy absorption efficiency
Technical field
The invention belongs to three-dimensional manufacturing technology field, relate to the method strengthening metal powder material laser energy absorption efficiency.
Background technology
Laser processing technology has the advantage that working ability is strong, efficiency is high, easily realize Flexible Manufacture, save material; The process main manifestations of Laser Processing is material absorbing laser energy to be processed and is heat energy by this Conversion of Energy; Therefore, the absorption efficiency of material for laser light energy plays decisive influence to laser processing procedure.Metal is common laser processing of materials, but by the restriction of self performance, laser produces strong reflection at metal material surface, (laser forms standing wave node at the electric field of metal material surface to take away most energy, free electron is subject to the forced vibration in light-wave electric magnetic field and produces subwave, these subwaves produce strong back wave, cause energy losses); This is to long-wave band laser particularly evident (under long-wave band, photon energy is lower, mainly works to the free electron in metal, is almost total reflection, only has a small amount of absorption).
For strengthening metal surface laser absorption efficiency, general way applies at metal material surface the coating that a layer resistivity is high, free electron is few.But this method easily introduces impurity, there is higher requirement to coating surface flatness and thickness evenness, and be difficult to use in metal powder material.
Along with the development of Laser Rapid Prototyping Technique, high energy laser beam is utilized successively to be melted by metal dust and the rapid laser-shaping technique being configured as metal parts obtains Chinese scholars extensive concern.Therefore, develop a kind of new method improving metal powder laser S. E. A. become a kind of in the urgent need to.
Summary of the invention
In view of this, the object of the present invention is to provide a kind of method strengthening metal powder material laser energy absorption efficiency.
For achieving the above object, the invention provides following technical scheme:
Strengthen the method for metal powder material laser energy absorption efficiency, comprising:
Stp1: get metal-powder and material with carbon element and mix;
Metal-powder and the material with carbon element mixture of Stp2: aerosolization treatment S tp1 obtain metal/carbon composite;
Stp3: ball-milling treatment Stp2 aerosolization gained metal/carbon composites.
Further, also comprise before Stp1 hybrid metal powder and material with carbon element material with carbon element is added dense H 2s0 4/ HNO 3the step of purifying is carried out in nitration mixture.
Further, when Stp1 hybrid metal powder and material with carbon element, first added in ethanolic solution by material with carbon element and carry out ultrasonic wave dispersion, then add metal-powder wherein and carry out magnetic agitation, final drying obtains the metal-powder that mixes and material with carbon element mixture.
Further, the metal-powder particle diameter of Stp1 is 20 μm ~ 150 μm, and material with carbon element particle diameter is 10nm ~ 1 μm.
Further, Stp1 material with carbon element weight is 0.5% ~ 10% of gross weight.
Further, Stp1 metal-powder is one or more in Al alloy powder, magnesium alloy powder, Titanium Powder, stainless steel powder, tungsten alloy powder, nickel-base alloy powder, cochrome powder or copper powder.
Further, Stp1 material with carbon element is one or more in CNT, Graphene, graphite or carbon black.
Further, gas pressure 0.1MPa ~ 2MPa during Stp2 aerosolization process, fusion temperature 1000 DEG C ~ 3600 DEG C, air velocity 0.1m/s ~ 10m/s.
Further, rotating speed 300 ~ 800rpm during Stp3 ball-milling treatment, Ball-milling Time 0.5 ~ 12h, ratio of grinding media to material 10:1.
Beneficial effect of the present invention is:
The present invention strengthens the method for metal powder material laser energy absorption efficiency, by adding material with carbon element powder in metal-powder, and successively using aerosolization and ball-milling technology to process, final obtained powder body material uniform particle sizes, sphericity are high, laser absorption rate can reach 70% (in visible-infrared region); Significantly can improve its Laser Processing efficiency and profiled member mechanical property, and reduce manufacturing cost.
Accompanying drawing explanation
In order to make object of the present invention, technical scheme and beneficial effect clearly, the invention provides following accompanying drawing and being described:
Fig. 1 is the process chart of embodiment 1.
Detailed description of the invention
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, the preferred embodiments of the present invention are described in detail.
Embodiment 1:
The present embodiment strengthens the method for metal powder material laser energy absorption efficiency as shown in Figure 1, comprises the following steps:
1) 99.5 parts of magnesium alloy powder and 0.5 part of carbon nanotube dust is chosen;
Magnesium alloy-powder particle diameter selected by this step is 25 μm, and CNT tube wall external diameter 20 ~ 30nm, length is 20 ~ 30 μm, purity >99.9%.；
2) by step 1) selected CNT adds dense H 2s0 4/ HNO 3in nitration mixture (volume ratio 3:l), purification process 30min, then carries out pickling to material with carbon element and uses washed with de-ionized water 2 ~ 3 times;
3) by step 2) carbon nanotube dust after purification process adds the impurity such as the metallic iron in the carbon nanotube dust that ultrasonic process 60min in ethanolic solution removes wherein, then by step 1) selected magnesium alloy powder adds ethanolic solution and carries out magnetic agitation and mix powder (controlling the mixed powder time is 4h, and magneton rotating speed is 30rmin -1), finally magnetic agitation gained powder is drying to obtain to the CNT and magnesium alloy mixture that mix at 70 DEG C;
4) by step 3) mixture add gas atomization device and prepare magnesium alloy/carbon nano tube compound material;
In the present embodiment, atomization gas is argon gas, gas pressure 2MPa, fusion temperature 1000 DEG C, air velocity 1.0m/s;
5) high-performance ball mill device is utilized to step 4) gained magnesium alloy/carbon nano tube compound material carries out ball milling process;
In the present embodiment, rotating speed 400rpm during ball milling, Ball-milling Time 6h, ratio of grinding media to material 10:1;
Embodiment 2: the present embodiment strengthens the method for metal powder material laser energy absorption efficiency, comprises the following steps:
1) 99 parts of Al alloy powders and 1 part of graphene powder is chosen;
Al alloy powder particle diameter selected by this step is 35 μm, graphene film layer thickness 1 ~ 50nm, slice width 0.1 ~ 1 μm;
2) by step 1) selected Graphene powder adds dense H 2s0 4/ HNO 3in nitration mixture (volume ratio 3:l), purification process 30min, then carries out pickling to Graphene powder and uses washed with de-ionized water 2 ~ 3 times;
3) by step 2) Graphene powder after purification process adds ultrasonic process 60min in ethanolic solution and removes impurity wherein, then by step 1) selected Al alloy powder adds ethanolic solution and carries out magnetic agitation and mix powder (controlling the mixed powder time is 4h, and magneton rotating speed is 30rmin -1), finally magnetic agitation gained powder is drying to obtain to the Graphene and aluminium alloy mixture that mix at 70 DEG C;
4) by step 3) mixture add gas atomization device and prepare aluminium alloy/graphene composite material;
In the present embodiment, atomization gas is argon gas, gas pressure 2MPa, fusion temperature 1200 DEG C, air velocity 2.0m/s;
5) high-performance ball mill device is utilized to step 4) gained aluminium alloy/graphene composite material carries out ball milling process;
In the present embodiment, rotating speed 600rpm during ball milling, Ball-milling Time 8h, ratio of grinding media to material 10:1.
Embodiment 3:
The present embodiment strengthens the method for metal powder material laser energy absorption efficiency, comprises the following steps:
1) 98 parts of copper powders and 2 parts of graphite powders are chosen;
Copper powder size selected by this step is 50 μm, and graphite powder particle diameter is 100nm;
2) by step 1) selected graphite powder adds dense H 2s0 4/ HNO 3in nitration mixture (volume ratio 3:l), purification process 30min, then carries out pickling to graphite powder and uses washed with de-ionized water 2 ~ 3 times;
3) by step 2) graphite powder after purification process adds ultrasonic process 60min in ethanolic solution and removes impurity wherein, then by step 1) selected copper powder adds ethanolic solution and carries out magnetic agitation and mix powder (controlling the mixed powder time is 4h, and magneton rotating speed is 30rmin -1), finally magnetic agitation gained powder is drying to obtain to the graphite and copper powder mixture that mix at 70 DEG C;
4) by step 3) mixture add gas atomization device and prepare copper/graphite composite material;
In the present embodiment, atomization gas is argon gas, gas pressure 2MPa, fusion temperature 1500 DEG C, air velocity 4.0m/s;
5) high-performance ball mill device is utilized to step 4) gained copper/graphite composite material carries out ball milling process;
In the present embodiment, rotating speed 800rpm during ball milling, Ball-milling Time 12h, ratio of grinding media to material 10:1.
Carry out Performance Detection to the composite powder material obtained by above-described embodiment, result is as shown in table 1:
The performance test of table 1 each embodiment gained powder body material
Embodiment Average grain diameter Sphericity Laser absorption rate
Embodiment 1 25μm ＞95％ 75％
Embodiment 2 35μm ＞95％ 74％
Embodiment 3 50μm ＞95％ 70％
As can be seen from the above table, the composition metal powder material particle size adopting the inventive method obtained is even, sphericity is high, and laser absorption rate, apparently higher than 70%, significantly can improve its Laser Processing efficiency and profiled member mechanical property, and reduce manufacturing cost.
It should be noted that, above preferred embodiment is only in order to illustrate technical scheme of the present invention and unrestricted.In fact, other metal-powders such as laser absorption rate after Titanium Powder, stainless steel powder, tungsten alloy powder, nickel-base alloy powder, the process of cochrome powder employing present invention process is also improved significantly; Material with carbon element content is also not limited to the numerical value disclosed in above-described embodiment, all can strengthen the laser absorption ability of composite powder material when material with carbon element content is 0.5% ~ 10%, and especially, when material with carbon element content is 0.5% ~ 5%, effect is particularly remarkable; In addition, gas pressure 0.1MPa ~ 2MPa during aerosolization process, fusion temperature 1000 DEG C ~ 3600 DEG C, air velocity 0.1m/s ~ 10m/s; Rotating speed 300 ~ 800rpm during ball-milling treatment, Ball-milling Time 0.5 ~ 12h, ratio of grinding media to material 10:1 all can realize target of the present invention.
What finally illustrate is, above preferred embodiment is only in order to illustrate technical scheme of the present invention and unrestricted, although by above preferred embodiment to invention has been detailed description, but those skilled in the art are to be understood that, various change can be made to it in the form and details, and not depart from claims of the present invention limited range.

Claims (9)

1. strengthen the method for metal powder material laser energy absorption efficiency, it is characterized in that, comprising:
Stp1: get metal-powder and material with carbon element and mix;
Metal-powder and the material with carbon element mixture of Stp2: aerosolization treatment S tp1 obtain metal/carbon composite;
Stp3: ball-milling treatment Stp2 aerosolization gained metal/carbon composite.
2. strengthen the method for metal powder material laser energy absorption efficiency according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: also comprise before Stp1 hybrid metal powder and material with carbon element and material with carbon element is added dense H 2s0 4/ HNO 3the step of purifying is carried out in nitration mixture.
3. strengthen the method for metal powder material laser energy absorption efficiency according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: when Stp1 hybrid metal powder and material with carbon element, first material with carbon element is added in ethanolic solution and carry out ultrasonic wave dispersion, then add metal-powder wherein and carry out magnetic agitation, final drying obtains the metal-powder that mixes and material with carbon element mixture.
4. strengthen the method for metal powder material laser energy absorption efficiency according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the metal-powder particle diameter of Stp1 is 20 μm ~ 150 μm, and material with carbon element particle diameter is 10nm ~ 1 μm.
5. strengthen the method for metal powder material laser energy absorption efficiency according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: Stp1 material with carbon element weight is 0.5% ~ 10% of gross weight.
6. strengthen the method for metal powder material laser energy absorption efficiency according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: Stp1 metal-powder is one or more in Al alloy powder, magnesium alloy powder, Titanium Powder, stainless steel powder, tungsten alloy powder, nickel-base alloy powder, cochrome powder or copper powder.
7. strengthen the method for metal powder material laser energy absorption efficiency according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: Stp1 material with carbon element is one or more in CNT, Graphene, graphite or carbon black.
8. strengthen the method for metal powder material laser energy absorption efficiency according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: gas pressure 0.1MPa ~ 2MPa during Stp2 aerosolization process, fusion temperature 1000 DEG C ~ 3600 DEG C, air velocity 0.1m/s ~ 10m/s.
9. strengthen the method for metal powder material laser energy absorption efficiency according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: rotating speed 300 ~ 800rpm during Stp3 ball-milling treatment, Ball-milling Time 0.5 ~ 12h, ratio of grinding media to material 10:1.
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CN105033254A (en) * 2015-07-29 2015-11-11 南京航空航天大学 Method for manufacturing high-performance in-situ TiC reinforced titanium-based composite workpiece on basis of CNTs and laser additive manufacturing and processing technology
CN105648423A (en) * 2016-02-23 2016-06-08 武汉大学 Method for manufacturing novel resistance heating wire
CN105710380A (en) * 2016-04-13 2016-06-29 广州纳联材料科技有限公司 Aluminum-contained metal printing powder and preparation method thereof
CN106077620A (en) * 2016-08-24 2016-11-09 江苏星火特钢有限公司 A kind of stainless steel metal powder body for 3D printing and preparation method thereof
CN106466712A (en) * 2015-08-17 2017-03-01 优克材料科技股份有限公司 The three-dimensionally shaped method of selectivity
CN106623892A (en) * 2016-11-08 2017-05-10 中航装甲科技有限公司 Composite armor material
CN107848029A (en) * 2015-05-21 2018-03-27 应用材料公司 Powder for increasing material manufacturing
CN108555284A (en) * 2018-06-26 2018-09-21 西安欧中材料科技有限公司 A kind of post-processing approach of selective laser fusing spherical metal powder
CN108580881A (en) * 2018-06-13 2018-09-28 东莞宜安科技股份有限公司 A kind of 3D printing metallic composite
CN108822596A (en) * 2018-06-04 2018-11-16 深圳市哈德胜精密科技股份有限公司 A kind of laser absorbent and its preparation method and application
CN109104860A (en) * 2017-04-21 2018-12-28 Ｊｘ金属株式会社 The manufacturing method of copper powders and its manufacturing method and stereo modelling object
CN109482877A (en) * 2018-12-19 2019-03-19 北京航星机器制造有限公司 A kind of laser absorption coating and its application
CN109746435A (en) * 2019-01-30 2019-05-14 中国科学院过程工程研究所 A kind of high laser reflectivity metal-powder and 3D printing method that surface is modified
CN110573274A (en) * 2017-04-28 2019-12-13 古河电气工业株式会社 Copper alloy particles, surface-coated copper-based particles, and mixed particles
CN113061400A (en) * 2021-04-08 2021-07-02 中国航发北京航空材料研究院 Graphene-modified adhesive tape for laser shock peening and preparation method thereof
CN113088172A (en) * 2021-04-08 2021-07-09 中国航发北京航空材料研究院 Graphene-modified laser absorption layer coating and coating method thereof
CN113751704A (en) * 2021-07-28 2021-12-07 北京科技大学 Tungsten alloy for selective laser sintering printing film coating, preparation and printing method
CN113798510A (en) * 2021-08-10 2021-12-17 西安理工大学 Method for recovering powder 3D printing by using W modified AlSi10Mg

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CN107848029A (en) * 2015-05-21 2018-03-27 应用材料公司 Powder for increasing material manufacturing
CN105033254A (en) * 2015-07-29 2015-11-11 南京航空航天大学 Method for manufacturing high-performance in-situ TiC reinforced titanium-based composite workpiece on basis of CNTs and laser additive manufacturing and processing technology
CN105033254B (en) * 2015-07-29 2016-08-24 南京航空航天大学 Manufacture process technology based on CNTs and laser gain material and prepare the method that high-performance in_situ TiC strengthens titanium matrix composite workpiece
CN106466712A (en) * 2015-08-17 2017-03-01 优克材料科技股份有限公司 The three-dimensionally shaped method of selectivity
CN105648423A (en) * 2016-02-23 2016-06-08 武汉大学 Method for manufacturing novel resistance heating wire
CN105710380A (en) * 2016-04-13 2016-06-29 广州纳联材料科技有限公司 Aluminum-contained metal printing powder and preparation method thereof
CN106077620A (en) * 2016-08-24 2016-11-09 江苏星火特钢有限公司 A kind of stainless steel metal powder body for 3D printing and preparation method thereof
CN106623892A (en) * 2016-11-08 2017-05-10 中航装甲科技有限公司 Composite armor material
CN109104860A (en) * 2017-04-21 2018-12-28 Ｊｘ金属株式会社 The manufacturing method of copper powders and its manufacturing method and stereo modelling object
CN110573274A (en) * 2017-04-28 2019-12-13 古河电气工业株式会社 Copper alloy particles, surface-coated copper-based particles, and mixed particles
CN108822596A (en) * 2018-06-04 2018-11-16 深圳市哈德胜精密科技股份有限公司 A kind of laser absorbent and its preparation method and application
CN108822596B (en) * 2018-06-04 2020-12-15 深圳市哈德胜精密科技股份有限公司 Laser absorber and preparation method and application thereof
CN108580881A (en) * 2018-06-13 2018-09-28 东莞宜安科技股份有限公司 A kind of 3D printing metallic composite
CN108555284A (en) * 2018-06-26 2018-09-21 西安欧中材料科技有限公司 A kind of post-processing approach of selective laser fusing spherical metal powder
CN109482877A (en) * 2018-12-19 2019-03-19 北京航星机器制造有限公司 A kind of laser absorption coating and its application
CN109746435A (en) * 2019-01-30 2019-05-14 中国科学院过程工程研究所 A kind of high laser reflectivity metal-powder and 3D printing method that surface is modified
CN113061400A (en) * 2021-04-08 2021-07-02 中国航发北京航空材料研究院 Graphene-modified adhesive tape for laser shock peening and preparation method thereof
CN113088172A (en) * 2021-04-08 2021-07-09 中国航发北京航空材料研究院 Graphene-modified laser absorption layer coating and coating method thereof
CN113088172B (en) * 2021-04-08 2022-04-19 中国航发北京航空材料研究院 Graphene-modified laser absorption layer coating and coating method thereof
CN113061400B (en) * 2021-04-08 2022-07-12 中国航发北京航空材料研究院 Graphene-modified adhesive tape for laser shock peening and preparation method thereof
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CN113798510A (en) * 2021-08-10 2021-12-17 西安理工大学 Method for recovering powder 3D printing by using W modified AlSi10Mg

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