CN103008650A - Carbon black reinforced metal-based micro-nano powder with high light absorbing property and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Carbon black reinforced metal-based micro-nano powder with high light absorbing property and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a carbon black reinforced metal-based micro-nano powder with a high light absorbing property and a preparation method thereof. The micro-nano powder comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 0.5-1.5 percent of nanometer carbon black powder and 98.5-99.5 percent of micron metal powder, wherein the sum of the two components is 100 percent; the nanometer carbon black powder is coated on the surface of the micron metal powder through one or more of embedding, adhesion or chemical bond combination, so as to form a core-shell structure micro-nano powder using the micron metal powder as a core and the nanometer carbon black powder as a shell; and the preparation process of the micro-nano powder mainly comprises following steps: preparation of a nanometer carbon black suspension, spheroidization pre-treatment of the micron metal powder, ball-milling compounding of the nanometer carbon black suspension and the pre-treated micron metal powder , and drying of ball-milled and compounded micro-nano powder slurry. The carbon black reinforced metal-based micro-nano powder with the high light absorbing property, disclosed by the invention, has the advantages that very good absorbing rate of laser lights is obtained; requirements on the traditional laser forming mainstream technology for conveying the powder by using a direct powder feeding type laser forming technology can be met; and meanwhile, the manufactured thin-walled piece has very good quality in both shape control aspect and property control aspect.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of Metal Substrate micro-nano powder and preparation method thereof, especially a kind of laser is made with Metal Substrate micro-nano powder and preparation method thereof again, specifically high light absorptive Metal Substrate micro-nano powder of a kind of carbon black enhancing and preparation method thereof.
Background technology
On May 13rd, 2010,11 ministries and commissions such as National Development and Reform Committee, the Department of Science and Technology, Ministry of Industry and Information dispatch a joint document and dispose the development that advances remanufacturing industry, are promoted to a fundamental state policy that realizes China's strategy of sustainable development with developing manufacturing engineering again.The member of Chinese Academy of Engineering Xu Binshi professor who advocates, actively promotes again manufacturing engineering as taking the lead in China explicitly points out in its " again manufacturing engineering basis and use " book: the core of manufacturing engineering development is to make the development of key technology again again, and the center of gravity of making again key technical development then is the breakthrough of making again the theoretical and method of key technology towards high finished product added value object.As the thin-wall part of feature, a class has the again manufacturing object of high finished product added value exactly take " tight (performance is tight), essence (precision is high), thin (structure is thin) ".
For other re-manufacturing technologies, the laser re-manufacturing technology has many merits, and the interface is metallurgical binding, fine microstructures, composition is controlled, heat affecting is less etc. as making again, add Laser Processing high flexibility, high efficiency, lowly pollute and be easy to realize the light processing characteristic such as computer control, make it to become a thin-wall part that receives much concern and make again one of key technology.Yet, existing laser is made with powder again and is adopted the micron metal powder more, fuse the micron metal powder and need larger laser energy, cause matrix the heat input when manufacturing object is thin-wall part especially bigger than normal, and then cause thin-wall part distortion more greatly, again manufacturing district tissue deterioration, hydraulic performance decline etc., even lose the value of making again.As seen, improving laser and make with the absorptivity of powder to laser again, is the important channel that realization addresses the above problem.
In recent years, a kind of structure is situated between and sees technology---the micro-nano granules complex technique of (micro/nano level) novel substance, has caused domestic and international experts and scholars' attention.The micro-nano granules complex technique is nano particle to be coated on the micron particles surface or its disperse is distributed in prepare the technology with the collaborative multifunctional effect micro-nano composite granule of micro-nano in the micron particles.Since 2006, the domestic and international experts and scholars take Wang Hongyu etc. as representative introduced laser re-manufacturing technology field with the micro-nano powder.Such as, 2007, Wang Hongyus etc. disclose a kind of mechanical preparation method (ZL 200710024996.X) of composite nanometer ceramic and micron metal powder, its core concept is " introducing nano-powder with nano suspending liquid as ball-milling medium; prepare the micro-nano composite granule based on wet ball grinding ", has solved preferably easy reunion of nano-powder to cause the bad dispersibility of nano particle in the micro-nano composite granule and then cause the bad problem of micro-nano composite granule practical effect; 2012, Wang Hongyu etc. further proposed again the technological measure by " the additional stirring in micron former powder spheroidization preliminary treatment+ball-milling process ", had further improved composite effect and the transportation performance (application number: 201,210 227702.4) of micro-nano powder.Yet, its purpose such as the research of Wang Hongyu etc. is to improve by the nano effect of introducing nano-powder tissue and military service performance such as the high temperature protection performance etc. of Laser Cladding of Materials Surfaces modified layer, does not take into full account to improve it in the absorptivity of laser and then the reduction laser forming process heat of matrix being inputted this problem.Although the skin effect in the nano effect can improve powder to a certain extent to the absorptivity of laser, the requirement of making again apart from thin-wall part remains in no small gap.
Therefore, up to the present, not yet there is a kind of laser to make again thin-wall part available with high light absorptive powder body material, greatly limited the laser re-manufacturing technology in the application of making again aspect the high finished product added value thin-wall part.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is to make again with powder not high to the absorptivity of laser for existing laser, and then cause the laser re-manufacturing technology to have many circumscribed problems in the manufacture process again at thin-wall part, the nanometer carbon black powder that will have excellent spectral absorption performance is introduced in the micron metal powder, invent high light absorptive Metal Substrate micro-nano powder of a kind of carbon black enhancing and preparation method thereof, strong light absorptive by giving full play to atrament and the skin effect of nano material, realize improving laser and make again the laser absorption rate of using powder, and then break through existing laser re-manufacturing technology existing many limitation in thin-wall part is made again.
One of technical scheme of the present invention is:
The high light absorptive Metal Substrate micro-nano powder that a kind of carbon black strengthens, it is characterized in that: it is that 0.5 ~ 1.5% nanometer carbon black powder and 98.5 ~ 99.5% micron metal powder form by mass percent, and two kinds of component sums are 100%; The nanometer carbon black powder with inlay, in adhesion or the chemical bonds one or more are coated on micron metal powder surface, forms a kind of take the micron metal powder as examine, the nanometer carbon black powder is as the nuclear shell structure micro-nano powder of shell.
The average grain diameter of described nanometer carbon black powder is 14 ~ 28nm, and described micron metal powder average grain diameter is 50 ~ 75 μ m.
Described nanometer carbon black powder is not less than 100% according to the tinctorial strength of ASTMD-3849 or GB/T 7046-2003 standard detection.
Described micron metal powder covers with aluminium base, Ni-based, the iron-based in the micron metal powder or titanium-based metal powder for melting with laser.
Two of technical scheme of the present invention is:
The preparation method of the high light absorptive Metal Substrate micro-nano powder that a kind of carbon black strengthens is characterized in that it mainly comprises the steps:
At first, commercial nanometer carbon black powder is dispersed in the blending agent of ethanol or ethanol and water, makes the nanometer carbon black suspension of stably dispersing;
Secondly, the former powder of commercial micron metal is carried out the spheroidization preliminary treatment, obtain pretreated micron metal powder;
Again, according to required proportioning weighing nanometer carbon black suspension and pretreated micron metal powder, with carrying out ball-milling after both mixing, obtain nanometer carbon black and the compound micro-nano powder slurry of micron metal;
At last, place drying box dry nanometer carbon black and the compound micro-nano powder slurry of micron metal, can obtain the high light absorptive Metal Substrate micro-nano powder that carbon black strengthens.
Described ball-milling parameter is that rotational speed of ball-mill is that 100-300 rev/min, ratio of grinding media to material 5:1-10:1, Ball-milling Time are 0.5-1.5 hour.
Beneficial effect of the present invention:
(1) the high light absorptive Metal Substrate micro-nano powder of carbon black enhancing of the present invention has good absorbability to laser.For example, in the situation that other laser Fabrication parameter is constant again, adopt micro-nano powder of the present invention obtain best in quality make again limit sweep speed that thin-wall part allows with the system powder and micron can improve 50% and more than; In other words, because the significantly shortening of laser action time, its heat input to matrix will decline to a great extent.
(2) the high light absorptive Metal Substrate micro-nano powder of carbon black enhancing of the present invention has typical nucleocapsid structure, the nanometer carbon black powder with inlay, in adhesion or the chemical bonds one or more are coated on micron metal powder surface, there are not other fine particles in the micro-nano powder, can satisfy present laser forming mainstream technology--directly powder feeding formula laser forming technology is carried the requirement of powder, has very strong engineering practicability and good application prospect.
(3) the present invention makes thin-wall part with the absorptivity angle of powder to laser again from improving laser, realize breaking through existing laser re-manufacturing technology existing heat in thin-wall part is made again and input many limitation such as bigger than normal, help to promote to make again the development of the laser re-manufacturing technology of one of key technology, thereby for realizing that China's strategy of sustainable development provides technical support.
(4) the thin-wall part distortion that the high light absorptive Metal Substrate micro-nano powder institute that adopts carbon black of the present invention to strengthen makes again is little, the heat affected area is narrow, dense structure and partly interrupted soon cold formed arborescent structure of laser high energy, has than powder and micron and makes better mechanical property again.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is micro-nano powder low power SEM pattern of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is micro-nano powder of the present invention surface high power SEM pattern.
The specific embodiment
The present invention is further illustrated below in conjunction with accompanying drawing and example.
As shown in Figure 1, 2.
The high light absorptive Metal Substrate micro-nano powder that a kind of carbon black strengthens, it is that 0.5 ~ 1.5% nanometer carbon black powder and 98.5 ~ 99.5% micron metal powder form by mass percent, two kinds of component sums are 100%; The nanometer carbon black powder with inlay, in adhesion or the chemical bonds one or more are coated on micron metal powder surface, forms a kind of take the micron metal powder as examine, the nanometer carbon black powder is as the nuclear shell structure micro-nano powder of shell.It can adopt the following methods step to be prepared from:
At first, purchase common packed nanometer carbon black powder from market and carry out the dry ball milling preliminary treatment, breaking wherein original macro aggregate particle, thereby guarantee that carbon black powder has good dispersion in ethanol or pure water mixed solution; The average grain diameter of the nanometer carbon black powder of purchasing is 14 ~ 28nm and is not less than 100% according to the tinctorial strength of ASTMD-3849 or GB/T 7046-2003 standard detection;
Secondly, account for 0.05% ~ 0.15% of carbon black stock quality mark take ethanol or pure water mixed solution as medium according to carbon black powder and take by weighing the nanometer carbon black powder, add ethanol or pure water mixed solution (in the pure water mixed solution ethanol account for mixed liquor volume 30 ~ 70%), both are mixed and are stirred to obtaining without the obvious carbon black slurry semi-finished product of solid-liquid layering;
The 3rd, place ultrasonic device to carry out thermostatic ultrasonic the carbon black slurry semi-finished product after stirring and disperse, the control thermostat temperature is 20 ± 5 ℃, jitter time is 30 ~ 60 minutes, can obtain the nanometer carbon black suspension finished product of stably dispersing;
The 4th, purchase the former powder of micron metal from market, and the former powder of the micron metal of purchasing is carried out the spheroidization preliminary treatment, obtain pretreated micron metal powder; Micron metal powder average grain diameter is 50 ~ 75 μ m, and that the micron metal powder can be is aluminium base, Ni-based, iron-based and titanium-based metal powder;
The 5th, be that 0.5 ~ 1.5% ratio weighing nanometer carbon black suspension (computational methods carry out obtaining behind the mass conversion volume of suspension routinely) and mass fraction are 98.5 ~ 99.5% the pretreated micron metal powder of ratio weighing in nanometer carbon black mass percent in the nuclear shell structure micro-nano powder, both are carried out ball-milling after mixing, and the ball-milling parameter is that rotational speed of ball-mill is that 100-300 rev/min, ratio of grinding media to material 5:1-10:1, Ball-milling Time are 0.5-1.5 hour; Obtain nanometer carbon black and the compound micro-nano powder slurry of micron metal;
At last, place drying box dry nanometer carbon black and the compound micro-nano powder slurry of micron metal, can obtain the high light absorptive Metal Substrate micro-nano powder that carbon black strengthens; The nanometer carbon black powder is the polymolecularity feature and is coated on the micron metal particle surface, forms nucleocapsid structure of the present invention.
Example one.
The present embodiment material therefor: the average grain diameter of nanometer carbon black powder is 14nm, and tinctorial strength is 140%, and mass fraction is 1%; The micron metal powder is the Al-Si alloyed powder, and average grain diameter is 50 μ m, and mass fraction is 99%; Adopt the said method step to prepare the high light absorptive Metal Substrate micro-nano powder that carbon black strengthens, its ball-milling parameter is that rotational speed of ball-mill is that 200 rev/mins, ratio of grinding media to material 10:1, Ball-milling Time are 1 hour.
Through scanning electron microscopic observation, prepared micro-nano powder keeps the spherical feature (Fig. 1) of powder and micron, is coated with the nanometer carbon black powder (Fig. 2) that is in a large number the polymolecularity feature on its surface, forms nucleocapsid structure of the present invention.Adopt this micro-nano powder to carry out laser weld and make again the 0.6mm thick and thin wall spare that has penetrating crack, in the constant situation of other technological parameters, obtain that best in quality to make the limit sweep speed that thin-wall part allows be 3mm/s again, adopting then only is 2mm/s with the system powder and micron; As seen, micro-nano powder of the present invention has with the better light absorptive of system powder and micron.Adopt this micro-nano powder make again that thin-wall part distortion is very little, the heat affected area width is only for adopting with about 50% of system powder and micron.
Example two.
The present embodiment material therefor: nanometer carbon black powder average grain diameter is 28nm, and tinctorial strength is 100%, and mass fraction is 1.5%; The micron metal powder is the Ni60 alloyed powder, and average grain diameter is 75 μ m, and mass fraction is 98.5%; Adopt the said method step to prepare the high light absorptive Metal Substrate micro-nano powder that carbon black strengthens, its ball-milling parameter is that rotational speed of ball-mill is that 300 rev/mins, ratio of grinding media to material 5:1, Ball-milling Time are 1.5 hours, prepared micro-nano powder has nucleocapsid structure feature of the present invention, and its practical effect has also reached purpose of the present invention.
Example three.
The present embodiment material therefor: nanometer carbon black powder average grain diameter is 22nm, and tinctorial strength is 125%, and mass fraction is 0.5%; The micron metal powder is iron-based F103 alloyed powder, and average grain diameter is 60 μ m, and mass fraction is 99.5%; Adopt the said method step to prepare the high light absorptive Metal Substrate micro-nano powder that carbon black strengthens, its ball-milling parameter is that rotational speed of ball-mill is that 100 rev/mins, ratio of grinding media to material 8:1, Ball-milling Time are 0.5 hour, prepared micro-nano powder has nucleocapsid structure feature of the present invention, and its practical effect has also reached purpose of the present invention.
The above-mentioned high light absorptive Metal Substrate micro-nano powder of only listing several frequently seen carbon black enhancing, those skilled in the art can be according to making the different micron metal powder of thin-wall part material selection again, according to proportioning of the present invention and preparation method, all can obtain the desirable different materials thin-wall part laser that is suitable for and make again the high light absorptive Metal Substrate micro-nano powder that strengthens with carbon black again.
The part that the present invention does not relate to all prior art that maybe can adopt same as the prior art is realized.
Claims (6)
1. the high light absorptive Metal Substrate micro-nano powder that strengthens of a carbon black, it is characterized in that: it is that 0.5 ~ 1.5% nanometer carbon black powder and 98.5 ~ 99.5% micron metal powder form by mass percent, and two kinds of component sums are 100%; The nanometer carbon black powder with inlay, in adhesion or the chemical bonds one or more are coated on micron metal powder surface, forms a kind of take the micron metal powder as examine, the nanometer carbon black powder is as the nuclear shell structure micro-nano powder of shell.
2. the high light absorptive Metal Substrate micro-nano powder that strengthens of carbon black according to claim 1, the average grain diameter that it is characterized in that described nanometer carbon black powder is 14 ~ 28nm, described micron metal powder average grain diameter is 50 ~ 75 μ m.
3. the high light absorptive Metal Substrate micro-nano powder of carbon black enhancing according to claim 1 is characterized in that described nanometer carbon black powder is not less than 100% according to the tinctorial strength of ASTMD-3849 or GB/T7046-2003 standard detection.
4. the high light absorptive Metal Substrate micro-nano powder that strengthens of carbon black according to claim 1 is characterized in that described micron metal powder is aluminium base, Ni-based, iron-based and titanium-based metal powder.
5. the preparation method of the high light absorptive Metal Substrate micro-nano powder of a carbon black enhancing is characterized in that it mainly comprises the steps:
At first, commercial nanometer carbon black powder is dispersed in the blending agent of ethanol or ethanol and water, makes the nanometer carbon black suspension of stably dispersing;
Secondly, the former powder of commercial micron metal is carried out the spheroidization preliminary treatment, obtain pretreated micron metal powder;
Again, according to required proportioning weighing nanometer carbon black suspension and pretreated micron metal powder, with carrying out ball-milling after both mixing, obtain nanometer carbon black and the compound micro-nano powder slurry of micron metal;
At last, place drying box dry nanometer carbon black and the compound micro-nano powder slurry of micron metal, can obtain the high light absorptive Metal Substrate micro-nano powder that carbon black strengthens.
6. described ball-milling parameter is that rotational speed of ball-mill is that 100-300 rev/min, ratio of grinding media to material 5:1-10:1, Ball-milling Time are 0.5-1.5 hour according to claim 5.
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104226980A (en) * | 2014-07-29 | 2014-12-24 | 中国科学院重庆绿色智能技术研究院 | Method for enhancing laser energy absorption efficiency of metal powder material |
| CN109482877A (en) * | 2018-12-19 | 2019-03-19 | 北京航星机器制造有限公司 | A kind of laser absorption coating and its application |
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| CN102632243A (en) * | 2012-05-02 | 2012-08-15 | 江苏大学 | Ball milling pot with agitation function for preparing micro-nano composite powder |
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| CN102744129A (en) * | 2012-07-02 | 2012-10-24 | 江苏大学 | Wet ball milling method for preparation of high efficiency micro-nano composite powder applicable to direct powder feeding |
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Patent Citations (4)
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| CN101239391A (en) * | 2008-02-27 | 2008-08-13 | 天津大学 | Method for coating metal nano granule by laser synthesizing carbon |
| CN102632243A (en) * | 2012-05-02 | 2012-08-15 | 江苏大学 | Ball milling pot with agitation function for preparing micro-nano composite powder |
| CN102631848A (en) * | 2012-05-03 | 2012-08-15 | 江苏大学 | Carbon black slurry utilizing absolute ethyl alcohol as dispersion medium and preparation method of carbon black slurry |
| CN102744129A (en) * | 2012-07-02 | 2012-10-24 | 江苏大学 | Wet ball milling method for preparation of high efficiency micro-nano composite powder applicable to direct powder feeding |
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN104226980A (en) * | 2014-07-29 | 2014-12-24 | 中国科学院重庆绿色智能技术研究院 | Method for enhancing laser energy absorption efficiency of metal powder material |
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| CN109482877A (en) * | 2018-12-19 | 2019-03-19 | 北京航星机器制造有限公司 | A kind of laser absorption coating and its application |
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