CN113798445A - Manufacturing method of aluminum cylinder of shock absorber - Google Patents

Manufacturing method of aluminum cylinder of shock absorber Download PDF

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Publication number
CN113798445A
CN113798445A CN202111046304.8A CN202111046304A CN113798445A CN 113798445 A CN113798445 A CN 113798445A CN 202111046304 A CN202111046304 A CN 202111046304A CN 113798445 A CN113798445 A CN 113798445A
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China
Prior art keywords
aluminum
coating
molten
zno
pressure
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CN202111046304.8A
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
莘君涛
郭欧阳
阮传席
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Laohekou Yujun Precision Machinery Co ltd
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Laohekou Yujun Precision Machinery Co ltd
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Priority to CN202111046304.8A priority Critical patent/CN113798445A/en
Publication of CN113798445A publication Critical patent/CN113798445A/en
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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22CFOUNDRY MOULDING
    • B22C9/00Moulds or cores; Moulding processes
    • B22C9/22Moulds for peculiarly-shaped castings
    • B22C9/24Moulds for peculiarly-shaped castings for hollow articles
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22CFOUNDRY MOULDING
    • B22C3/00Selection of compositions for coating the surfaces of moulds, cores, or patterns
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22DCASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
    • B22D27/00Treating the metal in the mould while it is molten or ductile ; Pressure or vacuum casting
    • B22D27/09Treating the metal in the mould while it is molten or ductile ; Pressure or vacuum casting by using pressure
    • B22D27/13Treating the metal in the mould while it is molten or ductile ; Pressure or vacuum casting by using pressure making use of gas pressure
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22DCASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
    • B22D31/00Cutting-off surplus material, e.g. gates; Cleaning and working on castings
    • B22D31/002Cleaning, working on castings
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22DCASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
    • B22D35/00Equipment for conveying molten metal into beds or moulds
    • B22D35/06Heating or cooling equipment
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21DMODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D1/00General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
    • C21D1/26Methods of annealing
    • C21D1/30Stress-relieving
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21DMODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D9/00Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor
    • C21D9/50Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor for welded joints

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Child & Adolescent Psychology (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Cylinder Crankcases Of Internal Combustion Engines (AREA)
  • Forging (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of damping parts, in particular to a manufacturing method of an aluminum cylinder of a vibrator, which comprises a cylinder body and a connecting piece, and comprises the following manufacturing steps: s1: melting aluminum water by aluminum; heating and melting a pure aluminum block into pure aluminum water by using a central melting furnace; s2: putting the molten aluminum into a heat preservation furnace for sealing: preserving the heat of the molten pure aluminum water by using a heat preserving furnace and ventilating for 2-3 h; s3: treating the die: coating different coatings and different coating thicknesses on the surface of the mold to adjust the cooling speed; the coating is selected from ZnO and talcum powder; coating ZnO on two ends of the mould, and coating talcum powder in the middle of the mould; s4: pouring: pouring molten aluminum into a mold through an inclined gravity casting machine, and performing pressure solidification; s5: demolding: cooling and shaping the aluminum water, and then demoulding to obtain a barrel body; the temperature of molten pure aluminum is kept by a heat preservation furnace to ensure the temperature of the molten aluminum during casting, and the uniformity of the temperature in the mold is improved in the aluminum water shaping process by coating ZnO and talcum powder on the surface of the mold.

Description

Manufacturing method of aluminum cylinder of shock absorber
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of damping parts, in particular to a manufacturing method of an aluminum cylinder of a damper.
Background
The shock absorber aluminum tube is one of the most important parts in common shock absorption parts of motorcycles, electric vehicles and the like, and the whole shock absorption effect is directly influenced by the quality of the shock absorber aluminum tube part, so that the comfort and the safety of the whole vehicle in use are influenced.
The traditional shock absorber aluminum cylinder is produced by pouring, raw materials are firstly smelted into liquid in the production process, then required parts are formed by die casting, and then an assembly inner hole is machined by post-processing. The casting temperature has a great influence on the generation of cracks. The low casting temperature is easy to generate air holes and impurities and also easy to cause cold shut. Stress tends to concentrate there, so cracks are easily generated from the cold shut. The casting temperature is high, and the metal is cooled, solidified and contracted greatly, so that the opportunity of generating cracks is increased. In addition, the uniformity of the cooling rate as the molten metal is continuously poured into the mold through the nozzle forms a high temperature zone (high temperature ring) where the molten metal flows into the mold. Due to heat conduction at two ends of the die, solidification starts from two sides, molten metal in the high-temperature area continuously fills up cooled intercrystalline gaps, but when the molten metal in the high-temperature area is solidified, the molten metal cannot be supplemented, and the molten metal is loosened and pulled to crack. Cracks are generally generated at the pouring spot and are relatively severe.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the defect of insufficient uniformity of the cooling speed of a die in the prior art, and provides a method for manufacturing an aluminum cylinder of a shock absorber.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
the manufacturing method of the shock absorber aluminum cylinder comprises a cylinder body and a connecting piece, and comprises the following manufacturing steps:
s1: melting aluminum water by aluminum; heating and melting a pure aluminum block into pure aluminum water by using a central melting furnace;
s2: putting the molten aluminum into a heat preservation furnace for sealing: preserving the heat of the molten pure aluminum water by using a heat preserving furnace and ventilating for 2-3 h;
s3: treating the die: coating different coatings and different coating thicknesses on the surface of the mold to adjust the cooling speed; the coating is selected from ZnO and talcum powder; coating ZnO on two ends of the mould, and coating talcum powder in the middle of the mould;
s4: pouring: pouring molten aluminum into a mold through an inclined gravity casting machine, and performing pressure solidification;
s5: demolding: cooling and shaping the aluminum water, and then demoulding to obtain a barrel body;
s6: and welding the connecting piece to the cylinder body, and cutting off part of the cylinder wall of the cylinder body along the axial direction.
Preferably, the pressure setting comprises the following steps:
a1: high-pressure solidification: applying high-pressure gas to the surface of the molten aluminum by a high-pressure gas pump at the moment of die assembly of the die, sequentially applying high pressures of 1-3S/0.5MPa, 3-4S/1MPa, 4-5S/2MPa and 5-10S/3MPa at the time of die assembly start, and sequentially solidifying the molten aluminum according to the sequential solidification principle;
a2: pressure maintaining solidification forming: and maintaining the pressure for 200s and 240s under the high pressure of 3MPa, so that the casting is fully pressurized, solidified and molded.
Preferably, the coating thickness of ZnO described in S3 is 0.3 to 0.6 mm.
Preferably, the thickness of the talc powder described in S3 is kept to be half of the ZnO coating thickness.
Preferably, argon arc welding is adopted for welding the cylinder and the welding connecting piece.
Preferably, the quality of the weld joint of the cylinder is detected in a fluorescent, X-ray or ultrasonic nondestructive mode, and the stress relief annealing is carried out on the weld joint area without defects.
Preferably, the stress relief annealing process comprises the following steps: and (3) putting the welding seam area into an annular resistance furnace, raising the temperature of the annular resistance furnace from room temperature to 580-600 ℃, preserving the heat for 10min, raising the temperature from 580-600 ℃ to 890-930 ℃ at the speed of 10 ℃/min, preserving the heat for 30min, reducing the temperature from 890-930 ℃ to room temperature at the speed of 10 ℃/min, and taking out.
The manufacturing method of the aluminum cylinder of the shock absorber has the beneficial effects that: according to the manufacturing method of the aluminum cylinder of the shock absorber, the temperature of molten pure aluminum water is kept by the heat preservation furnace, so that the temperature of the molten aluminum water during pouring is ensured, and the uniformity of the temperature in the mold during the shaping process of the molten aluminum is improved by coating ZnO and talcum powder on the surface of the mold.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a method for manufacturing an aluminum tube of a shock absorber according to the present invention.
In the figure: barrel 1, connecting piece 2.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments.
Example 1:
referring to fig. 1, a method for manufacturing an aluminum tube of a shock absorber includes the following steps:
s1: melting aluminum water by aluminum; heating and melting a pure aluminum block into pure aluminum water by using a central melting furnace;
s2: putting the molten aluminum into a heat preservation furnace for sealing: preserving the heat of the molten pure aluminum water by using a heat preserving furnace and ventilating for 2-3 h;
s3: treating the die: coating different coatings and different coating thicknesses on the surface of the mold to adjust the cooling speed; the coating is selected from ZnO and talcum powder; coating ZnO on two ends of the mould, and coating talcum powder in the middle of the mould; the coating thickness of ZnO is 0.3; the thickness of the talc powder was kept to 0.15mm for the ZnO coating thickness.
S4: pouring: pouring molten aluminum into a mold through an inclined gravity casting machine, and performing pressure solidification; the pressure solidification comprises the following steps:
a1: high-pressure solidification: applying high-pressure gas to the surface of molten aluminum by a high-pressure gas pump at the moment of die assembly of the die, sequentially applying high pressures of 1S/0.5MPa, 3S/1MPa, 4S/2MPa and 5S/3MPa at the time of die assembly start, and sequentially solidifying the molten aluminum according to the sequential solidification principle;
a2: pressure maintaining solidification forming: and maintaining the pressure for 200s under the high pressure of 3MPa, so that the casting is fully pressurized, solidified and formed.
S5: demolding: cooling and shaping the aluminum water, and then demoulding to obtain a barrel body 1;
s6: and welding the connecting piece 2 to the cylinder body 1, and cutting off part of the cylinder wall of the cylinder body 1 along the axial direction. And performing argon arc welding on the cylinder body 1 and the welding connecting piece 2.
And performing stress relief annealing on the defect-free weld joint area by adopting fluorescence, X-ray or ultrasonic nondestructive testing on the quality of the weld joint of the cylinder 1.
The stress relief annealing process comprises the following steps: and (3) putting the welding seam area into an annular resistance furnace, raising the temperature of the annular resistance furnace from room temperature to 580 ℃, preserving the heat for 10min, raising the temperature from 580 ℃ to 890 ℃ at the speed of 10 ℃/min, preserving the heat for 30min, reducing the temperature from 890 ℃ to room temperature at the speed of 10 ℃/min, and taking out.
Example 2:
referring to fig. 1, a method for manufacturing an aluminum tube of a shock absorber includes the following steps:
s1: melting aluminum water by aluminum; heating and melting a pure aluminum block into pure aluminum water by using a central melting furnace;
s2: putting the molten aluminum into a heat preservation furnace for sealing: preserving the heat of the molten pure aluminum water by using a heat preserving furnace and ventilating for 2-3 h;
s3: treating the die: coating different coatings and different coating thicknesses on the surface of the mold to adjust the cooling speed; the coating is selected from ZnO and talcum powder; coating ZnO on two ends of the mould, and coating talcum powder in the middle of the mould; the coating thickness of ZnO is 0.2 mm; the thickness of the talc powder was kept to 0.1mm for the ZnO coating thickness.
S4: pouring: pouring molten aluminum into a mold through an inclined gravity casting machine, and performing pressure solidification; the pressure solidification comprises the following steps:
a1: high-pressure solidification: applying high-pressure gas to the surface of molten aluminum by a high-pressure gas pump at the moment of die assembly of the die, sequentially applying high pressures of 2S/0.5MPa, 3.5S/1MPa, 4.5S/2MPa and 8S/3MPa at the time of die assembly start, and sequentially solidifying the molten aluminum according to a sequential solidification principle;
a2: pressure maintaining solidification forming: and maintaining the pressure for 220s under the high pressure of 3MPa, so that the casting is fully pressurized, solidified and formed.
S5: demolding: cooling and shaping the aluminum water, and then demoulding to obtain a barrel body 1;
s6: and welding the connecting piece 2 to the cylinder body 1, and cutting off part of the cylinder wall of the cylinder body 1 along the axial direction. And performing argon arc welding on the cylinder body 1 and the welding connecting piece 2.
And performing stress relief annealing on the defect-free weld joint area by adopting fluorescence, X-ray or ultrasonic nondestructive testing on the quality of the weld joint of the cylinder 1.
The stress relief annealing process comprises the following steps: putting the welding seam area into an annular resistance furnace, raising the temperature of the annular resistance furnace from room temperature to 590 ℃, preserving the heat for 10min, raising the temperature from 590 ℃ to 910 ℃ at the speed of 10 ℃/min, preserving the heat for 30min, reducing the temperature from 910 ℃ to room temperature at the speed of 10 ℃/min, and taking out the annular resistance furnace
Example 3:
referring to fig. 1, a method for manufacturing an aluminum tube of a shock absorber includes the following steps:
s1: melting aluminum water by aluminum; heating and melting a pure aluminum block into pure aluminum water by using a central melting furnace;
s2: putting the molten aluminum into a heat preservation furnace for sealing: preserving the heat of the molten pure aluminum water by using a heat preserving furnace and ventilating for 2-3 h;
s3: treating the die: coating different coatings and different coating thicknesses on the surface of the mold to adjust the cooling speed; the coating is selected from ZnO and talcum powder; coating ZnO on two ends of the mould, and coating talcum powder in the middle of the mould; the coating thickness of ZnO is 0.6 mm; the thickness of the talc powder was kept to 0.3mm for the ZnO coating thickness.
S4: pouring: pouring molten aluminum into a mold through an inclined gravity casting machine, and performing pressure solidification; the pressure solidification comprises the following steps:
a1: high-pressure solidification: applying high-pressure gas to the surface of molten aluminum by a high-pressure gas pump at the moment of die assembly of the die, sequentially applying high pressures of 3S/0.5MPa, 4S/1MPa, 5S/2MPa and 10S/3MPa at the time of die assembly start, and sequentially solidifying the molten aluminum according to the sequential solidification principle;
a2: pressure maintaining solidification forming: and maintaining the pressure for 240s under the high pressure of 3MPa, so that the casting is fully pressurized, solidified and formed.
S5: demolding: cooling and shaping the aluminum water, and then demoulding to obtain a barrel body 1;
s6: and welding the connecting piece 2 to the cylinder body 1, and cutting off part of the cylinder wall of the cylinder body 1 along the axial direction. And performing argon arc welding on the cylinder body 1 and the welding connecting piece 2.
And performing stress relief annealing on the defect-free weld joint area by adopting fluorescence, X-ray or ultrasonic nondestructive testing on the quality of the weld joint of the cylinder 1.
The stress relief annealing process comprises the following steps: placing the welding seam region into an annular resistance furnace, heating the temperature of the annular resistance furnace from room temperature to 600 ℃, preserving heat for 10min, heating the temperature from 600 ℃ to 930 ℃ at the speed of 10 ℃/min, preserving heat for 30min, cooling the temperature from 930 ℃ to room temperature at the speed of 10 ℃/min, and taking out
The above description is only for the preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any person skilled in the art should be considered to be within the technical scope of the present invention, and the technical solutions and the inventive concepts thereof according to the present invention should be equivalent or changed within the scope of the present invention.

Claims (7)

1. The manufacturing method of the aluminum cylinder of the shock absorber is characterized by comprising a cylinder body (1) and a connecting piece (2), and the manufacturing steps are as follows:
s1: melting aluminum water by aluminum; heating and melting a pure aluminum block into pure aluminum water by using a central melting furnace;
s2: putting the molten aluminum into a heat preservation furnace for sealing: preserving the heat of the molten pure aluminum water by using a heat preserving furnace and ventilating for 2-3 h;
s3: treating the die: coating different coatings and different coating thicknesses on the surface of the mold to adjust the cooling speed; the coating is selected from ZnO and talcum powder; coating ZnO on two ends of the mould, and coating talcum powder in the middle of the mould;
s4: pouring: pouring molten aluminum into a mold through an inclined gravity casting machine, and performing pressure solidification;
s5: demolding: cooling and shaping the aluminum water, and then demoulding to obtain a barrel body (1);
s6: and (3) welding the connecting piece (2) to the barrel (1), and cutting off part of the barrel wall of the barrel (1) along the axial direction.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein the pressure curing comprises the steps of:
a1: high-pressure solidification: applying high-pressure gas to the surface of the molten aluminum by a high-pressure gas pump at the moment of die assembly of the die, sequentially applying high pressures of 1-3S/0.5MPa, 3-4S/1MPa, 4-5S/2MPa and 5-10S/3MPa at the time of die assembly start, and sequentially solidifying the molten aluminum according to the sequential solidification principle;
a2: pressure maintaining solidification forming: and maintaining the pressure for 200s and 240s under the high pressure of 3MPa, so that the casting is fully pressurized, solidified and molded.
3. The method of claim 1, wherein the ZnO coating thickness of S3 is 0.3-0.6 mm.
4. The method of claim 1, wherein the thickness of the talc powder in S3 is maintained to be half of the ZnO coating thickness.
5. A method for manufacturing an aluminium tube for shock absorbers according to claim 1 characterized in that argon arc welding is used to weld the tube body (1) and the connecting piece (2).
6. The manufacturing method of an aluminum tube for shock absorber as set forth in claim 1, wherein the weld joint quality of the tube body (1) is non-destructively tested by fluorescence, X-ray or ultrasound, and the weld area without defects is stress-relieved annealed.
7. The manufacturing method of the aluminum cylinder for the shock absorber as claimed in claim 6, wherein the stress relief annealing process comprises: and (3) putting the welding seam area into an annular resistance furnace, raising the temperature of the annular resistance furnace from room temperature to 580-600 ℃, preserving the heat for 10min, raising the temperature from 580-600 ℃ to 890-930 ℃ at the speed of 10 ℃/min, preserving the heat for 30min, reducing the temperature from 890-930 ℃ to room temperature at the speed of 10 ℃/min, and taking out.
CN202111046304.8A 2021-09-08 2021-09-08 Manufacturing method of aluminum cylinder of shock absorber Pending CN113798445A (en)

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Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN101857768A (en) * 2010-06-18 2010-10-13 上海纳米技术及应用国家工程研究中心有限公司 Ultrasonically-modified nano heat-insulating powder coating for aluminum alloy section and method for preparing same
CN104550680A (en) * 2015-01-01 2015-04-29 三峡大学 Alcoholic-group coating
CN104624958A (en) * 2013-11-06 2015-05-20 青岛齐力铸钢有限公司 Aluminum alloy impeller centrifuge casting method
CN109280788A (en) * 2018-11-28 2019-01-29 陕西宝锐金属有限公司 A kind of technique preventing GH625 alloy pipe weld stress corrosion cracking
CN109773160A (en) * 2019-03-29 2019-05-21 山东鸿源新材料有限公司 The low-pressure casting process of aluminum alloy impeller
CN110512100A (en) * 2019-09-06 2019-11-29 中北大学 A kind of method of smelting of V-N steel pack alloy
CN112517890A (en) * 2019-09-18 2021-03-19 台州市椒江炜城机械厂 Manufacturing process of motorcycle shock absorber aluminum cylinder

Patent Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN101857768A (en) * 2010-06-18 2010-10-13 上海纳米技术及应用国家工程研究中心有限公司 Ultrasonically-modified nano heat-insulating powder coating for aluminum alloy section and method for preparing same
CN104624958A (en) * 2013-11-06 2015-05-20 青岛齐力铸钢有限公司 Aluminum alloy impeller centrifuge casting method
CN104550680A (en) * 2015-01-01 2015-04-29 三峡大学 Alcoholic-group coating
CN109280788A (en) * 2018-11-28 2019-01-29 陕西宝锐金属有限公司 A kind of technique preventing GH625 alloy pipe weld stress corrosion cracking
CN109773160A (en) * 2019-03-29 2019-05-21 山东鸿源新材料有限公司 The low-pressure casting process of aluminum alloy impeller
CN110512100A (en) * 2019-09-06 2019-11-29 中北大学 A kind of method of smelting of V-N steel pack alloy
CN112517890A (en) * 2019-09-18 2021-03-19 台州市椒江炜城机械厂 Manufacturing process of motorcycle shock absorber aluminum cylinder

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Application publication date: 20211217