CN113794473B - Generalized frequency synthesizer and synthesis method - Google Patents
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- CN113794473B CN113794473B CN202110917454.5A CN202110917454A CN113794473B CN 113794473 B CN113794473 B CN 113794473B CN 202110917454 A CN202110917454 A CN 202110917454A CN 113794473 B CN113794473 B CN 113794473B
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000010355 oscillation Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000002194 synthesizing effect Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 15
- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 description 15
- 230000001629 suppression Effects 0.000 description 5
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 2
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- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H03—ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
- H03L—AUTOMATIC CONTROL, STARTING, SYNCHRONISATION OR STABILISATION OF GENERATORS OF ELECTRONIC OSCILLATIONS OR PULSES
- H03L7/00—Automatic control of frequency or phase; Synchronisation
- H03L7/06—Automatic control of frequency or phase; Synchronisation using a reference signal applied to a frequency- or phase-locked loop
- H03L7/16—Indirect frequency synthesis, i.e. generating a desired one of a number of predetermined frequencies using a frequency- or phase-locked loop
- H03L7/18—Indirect frequency synthesis, i.e. generating a desired one of a number of predetermined frequencies using a frequency- or phase-locked loop using a frequency divider or counter in the loop
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H03—ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
- H03D—DEMODULATION OR TRANSFERENCE OF MODULATION FROM ONE CARRIER TO ANOTHER
- H03D7/00—Transference of modulation from one carrier to another, e.g. frequency-changing
- H03D7/16—Multiple-frequency-changing
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H03—ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
- H03L—AUTOMATIC CONTROL, STARTING, SYNCHRONISATION OR STABILISATION OF GENERATORS OF ELECTRONIC OSCILLATIONS OR PULSES
- H03L7/00—Automatic control of frequency or phase; Synchronisation
- H03L7/06—Automatic control of frequency or phase; Synchronisation using a reference signal applied to a frequency- or phase-locked loop
- H03L7/08—Details of the phase-locked loop
- H03L7/085—Details of the phase-locked loop concerning mainly the frequency- or phase-detection arrangement including the filtering or amplification of its output signal
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H03—ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
- H03L—AUTOMATIC CONTROL, STARTING, SYNCHRONISATION OR STABILISATION OF GENERATORS OF ELECTRONIC OSCILLATIONS OR PULSES
- H03L7/00—Automatic control of frequency or phase; Synchronisation
- H03L7/06—Automatic control of frequency or phase; Synchronisation using a reference signal applied to a frequency- or phase-locked loop
- H03L7/08—Details of the phase-locked loop
- H03L7/085—Details of the phase-locked loop concerning mainly the frequency- or phase-detection arrangement including the filtering or amplification of its output signal
- H03L7/093—Details of the phase-locked loop concerning mainly the frequency- or phase-detection arrangement including the filtering or amplification of its output signal using special filtering or amplification characteristics in the loop
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02D—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES [ICT], I.E. INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES AIMING AT THE REDUCTION OF THEIR OWN ENERGY USE
- Y02D30/00—Reducing energy consumption in communication networks
- Y02D30/70—Reducing energy consumption in communication networks in wireless communication networks
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- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Stabilization Of Oscillater, Synchronisation, Frequency Synthesizers (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a generalized frequency synthesizer and a synthesis method, wherein the frequency synthesizer comprises a crystal oscillator, and further comprises a comb spectrum circuit, a variable reference ring, a frequency divider I and a phase-locked loop which are sequentially connected, wherein the phase-locked loop comprises a phase discriminator II, a filter V, a broadband VCO and a frequency divider II which are sequentially and annularly connected, the variable reference ring comprises a power divider I, a filter I, a DDS circuit, a phase discriminator I, a filter III, a CRO oscillator and a power divider II which are sequentially connected, the power divider I is further sequentially connected with the filter II, a mixer and a filter IV which is connected with the phase discriminator I, the power divider II is further connected with the mixer and the frequency divider I respectively, an amplifier is connected between the mixer and the power divider II, and the frequency divider I is connected with the phase discriminator II. The invention has simple integral structure and reasonable design, and the generated frequency signal has the functions of low phase noise, low stray and fine stepping and broadband, is a generalized frequency source and can be applied to a plurality of platforms.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of radio frequency microwaves, in particular to a generalized frequency synthesizer and a synthesis method.
Background
The frequency synthesizer is an important component of electronic systems such as radar, instrument test, electronic reconnaissance and countermeasure, navigation, cosmic flight and communication, and the like, and the universal requirements of the electronic systems on the frequency synthesizer are more and more urgent at present; and a generalized frequency synthesizer can be applied to multiple platforms, thereby reducing redesign cost and risk. Thus, low phase noise, low spurs, ultra-small frequency hopping steps, and wideband synthesis are indicators of significant concern to frequency synthesizer designers.
At present, there are many designs of frequency synthesizer, but these designs cannot simultaneously achieve low phase noise, low spurious, ultra-small frequency hopping step and wideband synthesis, and cannot realize generalization. For example, by adopting a direct analog synthesis method, low-phase noise indexes are easy to obtain, but ultra-small frequency hopping steps and high spurious suppression indexes are not easy to be made, and bandwidth is not easy to be widened; the method only adopts a direct digital synthesis method, so that low-phase noise index and ultra-fine small stepping signals are easy to obtain, but the frequency of the signals is low, and the bandwidth is narrow; the method can be made into a broadband by adopting an indirect phase-locked frequency synthesis method, but the method is difficult to simultaneously meet the ultra-fine stepping and high spurious suppression indexes.
Chinese patent publication No. CN207427123U, publication No. 2018, 5 and 9, discloses an ultra-wideband low-phase noise frequency source adopting phase-locked loop filtering principle, and the Chinese patent publication No. CN207427123U comprises a reference crystal oscillator, a main loop circuit and an auxiliary loop circuit; the reference crystal oscillator outputs three paths of reference signals, the first path of reference signal output end is connected with the frequency doubling link signal input end, the main loop circuit comprises a comb spectrum harmonic generator, the second path of reference signal output end of the reference crystal oscillator is connected with the signal input end of the comb spectrum harmonic generator, the auxiliary loop circuit comprises a second phase discriminator and a second amplifier, and the third path of reference signal output end of the reference crystal oscillator is connected with the reference input end of the second phase discriminator. The auxiliary loop circuit in the prior art is directly added in the phase-locked loop circuit, the structure is complex, the synthesis steps are complex, three paths of reference signals are output by the reference crystal oscillator, and three filters are arranged only in the transmission process of part of the reference signals, so that the realization effect of high spurious suppression indexes is common, and the technical problem of the synthesis of a generalized frequency source with low phase noise, low spurious, ultra-small frequency hopping stepping and broadband synthesis indexes is solved.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a generalized frequency synthesizer and a synthesis method, which are used for solving the technical problems that the existing frequency synthesizer provided in the background art is complex in structure, complex in synthesis steps, general in loop filtering effect, and incapable of simultaneously considering low phase noise, low spurious, ultra-small frequency hopping stepping and broadband indexes and better synthesizing a generalized frequency source.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the present invention adopts the following technical scheme:
the utility model provides a generalized frequency synthesizer, includes crystal oscillator, comb spectrum circuit, variable reference ring, frequency divider I and phase-locked loop that link to each other in proper order, the phase-locked loop includes phase discriminator II, wave filter V, broadband VCO and frequency divider II that link to each other in proper order, variable reference ring includes power divider I, wave filter I, DDS circuit, phase discriminator I, wave filter III, CRO oscillator and power divider II that link to each other in proper order, power divider I still has connected in proper order wave filter II, frequency mixer and the wave filter IV that links to each other with phase discriminator I, power divider II still is connected in frequency mixer and frequency divider I respectively, be connected with the amplifier between frequency mixer and the power divider II, frequency divider I links to each other with phase discriminator II; the crystal oscillator is a constant-temperature crystal oscillator, the frequency divider I is a 16 frequency divider, the frequency divider II is a 4 frequency divider, and the filter IV is a low-pass filter.
The first output end of the power divider I is connected with the first input end of the phase detector I through the filter I and the DDS circuit in sequence, the second output end of the power divider I is connected with the first input end of the mixer through the filter II, the output end of the phase detector I is connected with the input end of the power divider II through the filter III and the CRO oscillator in sequence, the first output end of the power divider II is connected with the input end of the frequency divider I, the second output end of the power divider II is connected with the second input end of the mixer through the amplifier, the output end of the mixer is connected with the second input end of the phase detector I through the filter IV, the output end of the frequency divider I is connected with the first input end of the phase detector II, the output end of the phase detector II is connected with the input end of the filter V, the output end of the filter V is connected with the input end of the wideband VCO, the first output end of the wideband VCO is connected with the second input end of the phase detector II through the filter II, and the second output end of the wideband VCO is connected with the second input end of the wideband VCO.
The invention also provides a synthesis method of the generalized frequency synthesizer, which comprises the following specific operation steps:
1) The crystal oscillator oscillates to generate a first reference signal, and the first reference signal is sent to a comb spectrum circuit to generate a comb spectrum signal for output;
2) The comb spectrum signal is divided into two paths of output through the power divider I: one path of the signal is filtered by a filter I and expanded to generate a second signal, the second signal is provided for a DDS circuit to serve as a reference clock, the DDS circuit simultaneously generates an intermediate frequency signal, and the intermediate frequency signal is provided for a phase discriminator I to serve as a reference signal; one path of the signals is filtered by a filter II and expanded to generate a third signal, and the third signal is provided for a mixer to perform interpolation local oscillation;
3) Dividing a radio frequency signal of a CRO oscillator into two paths through a power divider II, amplifying one path of the radio frequency signal by an amplifier, transmitting the amplified signal to a mixer so as to be mixed with a third signal, filtering the spurious by a filter IV, transmitting the spurious to a phase discriminator I, comparing the spurious with an intermediate frequency signal output by a DDS circuit, transmitting the spurious to a filter III, filtering the spurious by the filter III, transmitting the spurious to the CRO oscillator, forming a closed loop, and completing a phase locking function to generate an S-band variable reference signal;
4) The S-band variable reference signal is transmitted to a frequency divider I through a power divider II to be divided, and a low-frequency signal is generated and used as a reference signal of a phase discriminator II;
5) The radio frequency signal of the wideband VCO is divided by a frequency divider II and then is transmitted to a phase discriminator II, and is compared with the low frequency signal generated by the frequency divider I, the output low frequency error signal is transmitted to a filter V, spurious is filtered by the filter V, and then the output low frequency direct current signal is used for tuning the wideband VCO oscillator to form a loop, thus completing the phase locking function and synthesizing the frequency signal.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. the invention adopts a mixed frequency synthesis mode combining direct analog synthesis, direct digital synthesis and indirect digital phase-locked synthesis, utilizes the direct analog synthesis and direct digital synthesis mode to generate S-band narrowing-band reference signals, generates final 10-20G frequency signals through a frequency division phase-locked synthesis mode after the S-band narrowing-band reference signals are divided, and consists of a crystal oscillator, a comb spectrum circuit, a variable reference ring, a frequency divider I and a broadband phase-locked loop which are connected in sequence, and has the advantages of simple integral structure, reasonable design, low phase noise, low spurious and fine stepping and broadband functions, is a generalized frequency source and can be applied to a plurality of platforms;
2. the comb spectrum signal is divided into two paths through the power divider and is transmitted to the variable reference ring, wherein a filter I is arranged on a line from the power divider I to the phase discriminator I, a filter II is arranged on a line from the power divider I to the mixer, a filter IV is arranged on a line from the mixer to the phase discriminator I, a filter IV is arranged on a line from the phase discriminator I to the power divider II, meanwhile, an S-band variable reference signal generated by the variable reference ring is transmitted to the phase-locked loop after being divided, a filter V is arranged in the phase-locked loop, and in the whole frequency source synthesis process, the filter is arranged on each key transmission line of the signal, loop filtering characteristics are exerted to the greatest extent, and spurious signals are filtered, so that low spurious characteristics of frequency source output are greatly improved.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a block diagram of the module of the present invention.
Detailed Description
Embodiments of the present invention are described below with reference to the accompanying drawings:
as shown in fig. 1, a generalized frequency synthesizer includes a crystal oscillator, a comb spectrum circuit, a variable reference loop, a frequency divider i and a phase-locked loop that are sequentially connected, where the phase-locked loop includes a phase discriminator ii, a filter v, a wideband VCO and a frequency divider ii that are sequentially and annularly connected, and the variable reference loop includes a power divider i, a filter i, a DDS circuit, a filter ii, a phase discriminator i, a filter iii, a CRO oscillator, a power divider ii, an amplifier, a mixer, and a filter iv.
The first output end of the power divider I is connected with the first input end of the phase discriminator I through the filter I and the DDS circuit in sequence, the second output end of the power divider I is connected with the first input end of the frequency mixer through the filter II, the output end of the phase discriminator I is connected with the input end of the power divider II through the filter III and the CRO oscillator in sequence, the first output end of the power divider II is connected with the input end of the frequency divider I, the second output end of the power divider II is connected with the second input end of the frequency mixer through the amplifier, the output end of the frequency mixer is connected with the second input end of the phase discriminator I through the filter IV (low-pass filter), the output end of the frequency divider I is connected with the first input end of the phase discriminator II, the output end of the phase discriminator II is connected with the input end of the filter V, the output end of the filter V is connected with the input end of the wideband VCO, the first output end of the wideband VCO is connected with the second input end of the frequency divider II, and the second output end of the wideband VCO outputs a signal source.
The synthesis method of the generalized frequency synthesizer comprises the following specific operation steps:
firstly, an external constant-temperature crystal oscillator oscillates to generate a reference signal of 100MHz, the reference signal is sent to a comb spectrum circuit, and after the comb spectrum signal of 100MHz is generated, the reference signal is divided into two paths of output through a power divider I: after filtering and expanding the spurious by a filter I, generating a 1200MHz signal with a very high spurious suppression degree; after spurious is filtered and enlarged by a filter II, a 3200MHz signal with a very high spurious suppression degree is generated and provided for a mixer to perform interpolation local oscillation; the 1200MHz signal is provided for the DDS circuit to serve as a reference clock, the DDS circuit simultaneously generates a fine stepping intermediate frequency signal, the frequency range of the intermediate frequency signal is 12-80MHz, the intermediate frequency signal is provided for the phase discriminator I to serve as the reference signal, and the 3200MHz signal is provided for the mixer to serve as an interpolation local oscillator; meanwhile, the radio frequency signal of the CRO oscillator is divided into two paths of output through a power divider II, one path of the output signal is amplified by an amplifier and then is transmitted to a mixer, so that the output signal is mixed with 3200MHz signal, the mixed signal is filtered by a filter IV and then is transmitted to a phase discriminator I, the mixed signal is compared with an intermediate frequency signal output by a DDS circuit and then is transmitted to a filter III, the mixed signal is filtered by the filter III and then is transmitted to the CRO oscillator to form a closed loop, the phase locking function is completed, and an S-band variable reference signal of 3212-3280MHz is generated; then, the S-band variable reference signal is transmitted to a frequency divider I through a power divider II for frequency division, wherein the frequency divider I is a 16 frequency divider, and a 200.75-205MHz low-frequency signal is generated and used as a reference signal of a phase discriminator II; finally, the radio frequency signal of the wideband VCO is divided by a frequency divider II and then is transmitted to a phase discriminator II, the phase discriminator II is compared with the low frequency signal generated by the frequency divider I, the output low frequency error signal is transmitted to a filter V, spurious is filtered by the filter V, the frequency divider II is a 4 frequency divider, and then the output low frequency direct current signal is used for tuning the wideband VCO oscillator to form a loop, the phase locking function is completed, and finally the generalized frequency source of 10-20G is generated.
The S-band variable reference signal is generated by interpolation and mixing of an interpolation local oscillator and a DDS intermediate frequency signal, and the interpolation local oscillator and a DDS clock are both from the comb spectrum circuit S-band variable reference signal, so that the phase noise is very low, and the phase noise relation between the interpolation local oscillator and the crystal oscillator signal is 20lgN; the frequency source in the final 10-20G range is synthesized by frequency division of the S-band variable reference signal and phase locking of the broadband VCO, the phase locking mode is an integer mode, the noise contribution of the phase discriminator II is very low, the noise contribution of the S-band variable reference signal is lower than that of the subsequent phase discriminator II, the phase noise of the finally output generalized frequency source of 10-20G directly depends on the noise of the phase discriminator II, and the low-noise phase discriminator II is selected to meet the low-phase noise requirement of the generalized frequency source.
The frequency hopping step of the intermediate frequency signal output by the DDS circuit meets the mu Hz level, and the near-end stray index is high; in summary, because the S-band variable reference signal is generated by interpolating local oscillation and DDS intermediate frequency signal interpolation mixing, the near-end spurious signal of the S-band variable reference signal mainly depends on the near-end spurious of the intermediate frequency signal output by the DDS circuit, which is better than 88dBc; therefore, the near-end spurious of the frequency source in the range of 10-20G only depends on the S-band variable reference signal, and the spurious is about 16dB to meet 70dBc; and the frequency modulation step of the frequency source in the range of 10-20G also depends on the S-band variable reference signal, meeting the mu Hz level.
Finally, typical phase noise of a frequency source: -93dBc@1KHz; stray: -70dBc; frequency hopping step: < 0.1Hz; the synthesis range is as follows: 10-20GHz. The frequency source signal has the functions of low phase noise, low spurious, fine stepping and broadband, and is a generalized frequency source.
Claims (2)
1. The utility model provides a frequency synthesizer of universalization, including the crystal oscillator, a serial communication port, still include comb spectrum circuit, variable reference ring, frequency divider I and the phase-locked loop that link to each other in proper order, the phase-locked loop includes phase detector II, wave filter V, broadband VCO and frequency divider II that link to each other in proper order, variable reference ring includes power divider I, wave filter I, DDS circuit, phase detector I, wave filter III, CRO oscillator and power divider II that link to each other in proper order, power divider I still links to each other with wave filter II, the frequency mixer and frequency divider I in proper order, power divider II still links to each other in mixer and frequency divider I respectively, be connected with the amplifier between frequency mixer and the power divider II, frequency divider I links to each other with phase detector II, the crystal oscillator is the constant temperature crystal oscillator, frequency divider I is 16 frequency dividers, frequency divider II is 4 frequency dividers, the wave filter is the low pass filter, wherein, first output terminal of power divider I links to each other with the output terminal of phase divider I in proper order through the first phase divider I, the output terminal of frequency divider I and the power divider II through the second input terminal of phase divider I and the output terminal of phase divider II are connected with the input terminal of phase divider I through the second input terminal of phase divider II, the output terminal of phase divider I is connected with the output terminal of phase divider II through the input terminal of phase divider I of phase divider II is connected with the input terminal II of phase divider I in proper order, the phase divider I is connected with phase divider II through the phase divider I. The first output end of the broadband VCO is connected with the second input end of the phase discriminator II through the frequency divider II, and the second output end of the broadband VCO outputs a signal source.
2. A method of synthesizing a generalized frequency synthesizer according to claim 1, comprising the steps of:
1) The crystal oscillator oscillates to generate a first reference signal, and the first reference signal is sent to a comb spectrum circuit to generate a comb spectrum signal for output;
2) The comb spectrum signal is divided into two paths of output through the power divider I: one path of the signal is filtered by a filter I and expanded to generate a second signal, the second signal is provided for a DDS circuit to serve as a reference clock, the DDS circuit simultaneously generates an intermediate frequency signal, and the intermediate frequency signal is provided for a phase discriminator I to serve as a reference signal; one path of the signals is filtered by a filter II and expanded to generate a third signal, and the third signal is provided for a mixer to perform interpolation local oscillation;
3) Dividing a radio frequency signal of a CRO oscillator into two paths through a power divider II, amplifying one path of the radio frequency signal by an amplifier, transmitting the amplified signal to a mixer so as to be mixed with a third signal, filtering the spurious by a filter IV, transmitting the spurious to a phase discriminator I, comparing the spurious with an intermediate frequency signal output by a DDS circuit, transmitting the spurious to a filter III, filtering the spurious by the filter III, transmitting the spurious to the CRO oscillator, forming a closed loop, and completing a phase locking function to generate an S-band variable reference signal;
4) The S-band variable reference signal is transmitted to a frequency divider I through a power divider II to be divided, and a low-frequency signal is generated and used as a reference signal of a phase discriminator II;
5) The radio frequency signal of the wideband VCO is divided by a frequency divider II and then is transmitted to a phase discriminator II, and is compared with the low frequency signal generated by the frequency divider I, the output low frequency error signal is transmitted to a filter V, spurious is filtered by the filter V, and then the output low frequency direct current signal is used for tuning the wideband VCO oscillator to form a loop, thus completing the phase locking function and synthesizing the frequency signal.
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| CN117650783B (en) * | 2024-01-30 | 2024-04-19 | 成都世源频控技术股份有限公司 | Miniaturized agile frequency synthesis circuit |
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