CN113791001A - Device and method for testing internal resistance of viscoelastic fluid in porous medium - Google Patents
Device and method for testing internal resistance of viscoelastic fluid in porous medium Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a device and a method for testing the internal resistance of viscoelastic fluid in porous medium, which relate to the technical field of petroleum industry, and the device comprises an internal resistance testing tube, a differential pressure sensor, a driving device and at least two regulating valves; the inner resistance testing pipe is a reducing pipeline with larger inner diameters at two ends, smaller inner diameter in the middle and gradually changed inner diameter and is used for measuring the inner resistance of the fluid; the differential pressure sensor is connected with two ends of the internal resistance testing tube and is used for measuring the pressure difference of fluid flowing into the internal resistance testing tube and fluid flowing out of the internal resistance testing tube; the driving device is communicated with the internal resistance testing tube through a fluid pipeline and is used for driving fluid to enter the internal resistance testing tube; and the regulating valve is arranged on the fluid pipeline and is used for regulating the flow speed and the flow of the fluid flowing into and out of the internal resistance testing pipe. The invention also discloses a method for testing the internal resistance of the viscoelastic fluid in the porous medium.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of petroleum industry, in particular to a device and a method for testing internal resistance of viscoelastic fluid in porous medium.
Background
Viscoelastic fluid refers to a fluid that is intermediate between a viscous fluid and an elastic solid, exhibiting both viscosity and elasticity. Viscosity is the property of fluid to prevent relative motion, and elasticity is the property of an object to recover its original shape after the external force for deforming the object is removed. The magnitude of this effect is usually described in terms of viscosity, which is the physical meaning of the tangential force required to maintain a unit velocity difference per unit area of the two liquid layers at a unit distance. The viscosity is different due to different action modes, when viscoelastic fluid passes through the porous medium, the viscoelastic fluid has obvious elastic deformation due to the limit of the boundary conditions of the porous medium, so that the elastic viscosity (also called extensional viscosity) is expressed; meanwhile, the viscosity of the viscoelastic fluid in the porous medium (also called effective viscosity) is composed of viscous viscosity and elastic viscosity. The method for testing the effective viscosity of the viscoelastic fluid in the porous medium has no accurate testing means at present, wherein the viscosity can be tested by various viscosimeters such as an Engler viscometer, a Ubber viscometer and the like and a rheometer; while the elastic viscosity (extensional viscosity) requires the technical tests of the tensile creep technique, the Meissner extensional rheology technique (RME) and the like, and the technique still has the limitations. In addition, the two test methods are completely tested under different conditions, and the correlation between the two test methods is very small. When analyzing and studying the flow of viscoelastic fluids in porous media, the internal resistance data tested by either test means are not accurate enough. In the research process, students only use the fluid viscosity test data as a comparison parameter, and do not completely discuss the internal resistance of the viscoelastic fluid in the porous medium, more, the viscoelastic fluid is directly injected into the porous medium, and the change of the injection pressure is monitored and recorded to carry out the general internal resistance expression. However, it is very meaningful to discuss the internal resistance of the viscoelastic fluid in the porous medium, so that the elastic viscosity and the viscous viscosity of the viscoelastic fluid in the porous medium can be determined, and a foundation is established for the construction of the effective viscosity, thereby providing guidance for the synthesis and application of the viscoelastic fluid. Therefore, there is a need to develop a device for determining the internal resistance of viscoelastic fluid in porous media to obtain relevant information.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to overcome the defect that a device for testing the internal resistance of the viscoelastic fluid in the porous medium is lacked in the prior art, the invention provides a device for testing the internal resistance of the viscoelastic fluid in the porous medium, which is used for testing the internal resistance of the viscoelastic fluid in the porous medium.
The invention also provides a method for testing the internal resistance of the viscoelastic fluid in the porous medium.
The technical scheme provided by the invention for solving the technical problems is as follows: a device for testing the internal resistance of viscoelastic fluid in porous medium comprises an internal resistance testing tube, a differential pressure sensor, a driving device and at least two regulating valves; the inner resistance testing pipe is a reducing pipeline with larger inner diameters at two ends, smaller inner diameter in the middle and gradually changed inner diameter and is used for measuring the inner resistance of the fluid; the differential pressure sensor is connected with two ends of the internal resistance testing tube and is used for measuring the pressure difference of fluid flowing into the internal resistance testing tube and fluid flowing out of the internal resistance testing tube; the driving device is communicated with the internal resistance testing tube through a fluid pipeline and is used for driving fluid to enter the internal resistance testing tube; and the regulating valve is arranged on the fluid pipeline and is used for regulating the flow speed and the flow of the fluid flowing into and out of the internal resistance testing pipe.
Optionally, in some embodiments of the present application, the internal resistance test tube includes a first reducer tube and a second reducer tube, and a small diameter end of the first reducer tube is connected and communicated with a small diameter end of the second reducer tube; the fluid flows into the first reducer pipe from the large-diameter end of the first reducer pipe and flows out from the large-diameter end of the second reducer pipe.
Optionally, in some embodiments of the present application, a steady flow resistance testing tube communicated with the internal resistance testing tube is further disposed at two ends of the internal resistance testing tube, and a differential pressure sensor for determining a difference between fluid pressures flowing into the steady flow resistance testing tube and fluid pressures flowing out of the steady flow resistance testing tube is also disposed on the steady flow resistance testing tube.
Optionally, in some embodiments of the present application, the steady flow resistance testing tube is a constant diameter tube with a smooth inner wall.
Optionally, in some embodiments of the present application, an intermediate container for storing fluid is further disposed on the fluid pipeline, one end of the intermediate container is communicated with the liquid outlet of the driving device, and the other end of the intermediate container is communicated with the internal resistance testing tube through the fluid pipeline.
Optionally, in some embodiments of the present application, a buffer flow stabilizing mechanism is further disposed at an inlet end or at both ends of the internal resistance test tube.
Optionally, in some embodiments of the present application, the buffer and steady flow mechanism is a hollow spherical container, and the fluid is injected from the bottom of the buffer and steady flow mechanism and flows out from the top of the buffer and steady flow mechanism.
The application also discloses a method for testing the internal resistance of the viscoelastic fluid in the porous medium, which adopts the device for testing and specifically comprises the following steps:
s1, injecting fluid to make the fluid continuously and stably flow in from one end of the internal resistance test tube and make the fluid continuously and stably flow out from the other end;
and S2, reading the data of the differential pressure sensor to obtain the internal resistance parameter of the fluid.
Optionally, in some embodiments of the present application, the internal resistance of the fluid has a value equal to the test data of the pressure sensors connected to both ends of the internal resistance test tube.
Optionally, in some embodiments of the present application, the step S1 further includes a steady flow test, which specifically includes: and adjusting the flow rate of the fluid until the fluid stably flows in and out, reading the data of the pressure difference sensor, and acquiring the initial value of the viscous resistance of the target solution.
The invention has the following beneficial effects: the invention discloses a device for testing the internal resistance of viscoelastic fluid in a porous medium, which solves the problem of elastic resistance generated when the viscoelastic fluid passes through a variable pore throat characteristic, lays a foundation for more accurately constructing the representation of effective viscosity when the viscoelastic fluid passes through the porous medium, and thus provides guidance for the synthesis and application of the viscoelastic fluid.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of an apparatus for testing the internal resistance of viscoelastic fluid in porous media according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of an internal resistance test tube according to the present disclosure;
the device comprises a displacement pump 1, an intermediate container 2, a first buffer flow stabilizing mechanism 3-A, a second buffer flow stabilizing mechanism 3-B, a first differential pressure sensor 4-A, a second differential pressure sensor 4-B, a third differential pressure sensor 4-C, a first regulating valve 5-A, a second regulating valve 5-B, a third regulating valve 5-C, a first flow stabilizing resistance testing tube 6-A, a second flow stabilizing resistance testing tube 6-B and an internal resistance testing tube 7.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions of the present invention will be described clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings, and it should be understood that the described embodiments are some, but not all embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
In addition, the technical features involved in the different embodiments of the present invention described below may be combined with each other as long as they do not conflict with each other.
The invention provides a device for testing the internal resistance of viscoelastic fluid in a porous medium, which comprises an internal resistance testing tube, a differential pressure sensor, a driving device and at least two regulating valves, wherein the internal resistance testing tube is connected with the differential pressure sensor; the inner resistance testing pipe is a reducing pipeline with larger inner diameters at two ends, smaller inner diameter in the middle and gradually changed inner diameter and is used for measuring the inner resistance of the fluid; the differential pressure sensor is connected with two ends of the internal resistance testing tube and is used for measuring the pressure difference of fluid flowing into the internal resistance testing tube and fluid flowing out of the internal resistance testing tube; the driving device is communicated with the internal resistance testing tube through a fluid pipeline and is used for driving fluid to enter the internal resistance testing tube; and the regulating valve is arranged on the fluid pipeline and is used for regulating the flow speed and the flow of the fluid flowing into and out of the internal resistance testing pipe.
Optionally, the displacement device is preferably a displacement pump for displacing fluid into the internal resistance test tube.
It should be noted that the fluid outlet end of the internal resistance test tube is also connected with a fluid pipeline, and the fluid pipeline is connected with a receiving container for collecting fluid.
Optionally, the internal resistance test tube is a contraction/expansion model composed of internal large and small apertures. Referring to fig. 2, in some embodiments, the internal resistance test tube includes a first reducer tube and a second reducer tube, and a small diameter end of the first reducer tube is connected and communicated with a small diameter end of the second reducer tube; the fluid flows into the first reducer pipe from the large-diameter end of the first reducer pipe and flows out from the large-diameter end of the second reducer pipe.
The internal diameter and the length of the internal resistance test tube can be set to various specifications, and the internal diameter dimension r1、r2And length l1、l2For example, wherein r1Is the maximum diameter dimension, r2Is the smallest diameter dimension, /)1Is the length of the first reducer, /)2The length of the second reducing pipe, the inclination angle alpha of the first reducing pipe and the inclination angle beta of the second reducing pipe are designed according to experimental requirements, and a plurality of models are designed according to the whole length to form a series of size combinations, such as r1＝0.2mm、r2＝0.05mm、l1＝1mm、l2＝1mm、α＝30°、β＝30°，r1＝0.5mm、r2＝0.1mm、l1＝2mm、l22mm, 20, etc.
In some embodiments, a steady flow resistance test tube communicated with the inner resistance test tube is further arranged at two ends of the inner resistance test tube, and a pressure difference sensor for measuring the pressure difference of fluid flowing into the steady flow resistance test tube and fluid flowing out of the steady flow resistance test tube is also arranged on the steady flow resistance test tube. Preferably, the steady flow resistance test tube comprises a first steady flow resistance test tube and a second steady flow resistance test tube, the first steady flow resistance test tube and the second steady flow resistance test tube are respectively arranged at two ends of the inner resistance test tube, the first steady flow resistance test tube and the second steady flow resistance test tube are respectively and correspondingly provided with a first pressure difference sensor and a third pressure difference sensor, wherein the pressure difference sensor arranged on the inner resistance test tube is the second pressure difference sensor and is used for monitoring pressure difference change, so that the flow velocity of fluid flowing into and out of the inner resistance test tube is stable, and the measurement error is reduced.
It should be noted that the steady flow resistance test tube is an equal-diameter pipeline with a smooth inner wall, and the inner diameter size of the steady flow resistance test tube is not limited and can be adjusted as required.
In some embodiments, the inlet end or both ends of the internal resistance test tube are further provided with a buffer flow stabilizing mechanism. Preferably, the buffering and current-stabilizing mechanism comprises a first buffering and current-stabilizing mechanism and a second buffering and current-stabilizing mechanism, the first buffering and current-stabilizing mechanism is arranged on a fluid pipeline between the displacement pump and the first current-stabilizing resistance testing tube, and the second buffering and current-stabilizing mechanism is arranged on a fluid pipeline between the inner resistance testing tube and the second current-stabilizing resistance testing tube.
It should be noted that the buffering and current stabilizing mechanism is a hollow spherical container, and the fluid is injected from the bottom of the buffering and current stabilizing mechanism and flows out from the top of the buffering and current stabilizing mechanism; the device is used for controlling the elastic resistance influence caused by the flowing of a high-viscosity solution in a small pipe column, and ensuring that the fluid of the steady-flow viscosity test pipe is free from deformation.
In some embodiments, a first regulating valve is arranged between the first flow-stabilizing resistance testing tube and the inner resistance testing tube, and a second regulating valve is arranged between the inner resistance testing tube and the second buffering flow-stabilizing mechanism; and a third regulating valve is arranged between the second buffering flow stabilizing mechanism and the second flow stabilizing resistance testing tube, and a fourth regulating valve is arranged at the outflow end of the second flow stabilizing resistance testing tube.
In some embodiments, in some embodiments of the present application, an intermediate container for storing fluid is further disposed on the fluid conduit, and one end of the intermediate container is communicated with the liquid outlet of the driving device, and the other end of the intermediate container is communicated with the internal resistance testing tube through the fluid conduit. The intermediate container is used for containing a target viscoelastic solution.
In some embodiments, a 3mm inner diameter tube is used for the fluid conduit.
When the device assembly is completed: the displacement pump is connected with an intermediate container through a fluid pipeline, the intermediate container is used for containing a target viscoelastic solution, the outlet end of the intermediate container is connected with the inlet end of the first buffering flow stabilizing mechanism through the fluid pipeline, the outlet end of the first buffering flow stabilizing mechanism is connected with the inlet end of a first flow stabilizing resistance testing tube, the outlet end of the first flow stabilizing resistance testing tube is connected with the inlet end of an internal resistance testing tube, and a first regulating valve is arranged in the middle of the first flow stabilizing resistance testing tube; the outlet end of the internal resistance testing tube is connected with the inlet end of the second buffering and current stabilizing mechanism, and a second regulating valve is arranged between the two; the outlet end of the second buffering steady flow mechanism is connected with the inlet end of a second steady flow resistance testing tube; a third regulating valve is arranged in the middle; and the outlet end of the second steady flow resistance testing tube is provided with a fourth regulating valve which is externally connected with a receiving container.
The invention also discloses a method for testing the internal resistance of the viscoelastic fluid in the porous medium, which comprises the following steps:
s1, injecting fluid to make the fluid continuously and stably flow in from one end of the internal resistance test tube and make the fluid continuously and stably flow out from the other end;
and S2, reading the data of the differential pressure sensor to obtain the internal resistance parameter of the fluid.
Preferably, step S1 further includes a steady flow test, which specifically includes: adjusting the flow rate of the fluid until the fluid stably flows in and out, reading data of the pressure difference sensor, obtaining an initial value of viscous resistance of the target solution, comparing and correcting two groups of viscous pressure values tested in the subsequent S2, judging whether the injected solution is damaged by shearing or not, and if the pressure difference is obvious, displaying that the solution is damaged and the injection parameters need to be revised; if the pressure difference change is not obvious, the experiment is normal.
Preferably, in step S1, the flow rate of the fluid is adjusted step by the adjusting valve to stabilize and unify the flow rate in the device, because the viscoelastic fluid forms elastic deformation after passing through the internal resistance testing tube, triggering the elastic viscosity and increasing the elastic resistance, which may affect the flow rate change; the effect of the regulating valves arranged at different node positions is obvious. And the uniformity of the flow velocity of each position of the whole process is realized through adjustment.
In step S2, the pressure difference data of the three pressure difference sensors are analyzed, and the viscous resistances tested by the first pressure difference sensor and the third pressure difference sensor are consistent, which indicates that the solution structure is not damaged by shearing, and the experiment is feasible, and the pressure difference values tested by the first pressure difference sensor and the third pressure difference sensor are the viscous resistances; on the basis, the value of the second differential pressure sensor is read to be the magnitude of the internal resistance generated under the current pipe column, and the value minus the value of the first differential pressure sensor or the third differential pressure sensor is the elastic resistance.
In some embodiments, the method can also realize multiple measurements by replacing the internal resistance test tubes with different internal and external diameter combinations, and analyze and research the influence factors of the elastic resistance by combining a formula.
Example 1, as shown in fig. 1, an apparatus for testing internal resistance of viscoelastic fluid in porous medium comprises a displacement pump 1, an intermediate container 2, a first buffer flow stabilization mechanism 3-a, a second buffer flow stabilization mechanism 3-B, a first differential pressure sensor 4-a, a second differential pressure sensor 4-B, a third differential pressure sensor 4-C, a first regulating valve 5-a, a second regulating valve 5-B, a third regulating valve 5-C, a first flow stabilization resistance test tube 6-a, a second flow stabilization resistance test tube 6-B, and an internal resistance test tube 7. The displacement device 1 is connected with the bottom of the middle container 2 through a stainless steel pipeline with the diameter of 3mm, viscoelastic fluid with target concentration is contained in the middle container 2, the displacement pump pumps the viscoelastic fluid into a first buffering flow stabilizing mechanism 3-A with the diameter of 10mm from the top of the middle container at a constant speed, target solution is almost separated from deformation influence of a fine pipeline on the viscoelastic fluid after passing through the buffering flow stabilizing device and enters a first flow stabilizing resistance testing tube 6-A, a first pressure difference sensor 4-A monitors pressure difference change of the first flow stabilizing resistance testing tube 6-A, and after the fluid is stabilized, the flow rate is controlled to be target through a first regulating valve 5-A; the other end of the first regulating valve 5-A is connected with the internal resistanceTest tube 7 (specific size r)1＝0.2mm、r2＝0.05mm、l1＝1mm、l2The second differential pressure sensor 4-B monitors the differential pressure of the pipe, and the outlet end of the internal resistance testing pipe 7 is connected with a second regulating valve 5-B for regulating the flow change of the internal resistance testing pipe, wherein the differential pressure of the pipe is 1mm, the alpha is 30 degrees and the beta is 30 degrees; the other end of the second regulating valve 5-B is connected with a second buffering flow stabilizing mechanism 3-B and a third regulating valve 5-C and used for controlling the high viscosity characteristic of outflow of the viscous elastic fluid deformed in the internal resistance testing tube, elastic deformation does not exist before the buffering follow-up fluid enters the second flow stabilizing resistance testing tube 6-B, the follow-up third differential pressure sensor 4-C is facilitated to monitor the viscosity resistance of the first flow stabilizing resistance testing tube 6-B, and the fourth regulating valve 5-D is used for controlling.
A combined displacement pump, an intermediate container, a first buffer steady flow mechanism 3-A, a first steady flow resistance testing tube 6-A and a first regulating valve 5-A are built in sequence from left to right, and then first differential pressure sensors 4-A are installed at two ends of the steady flow viscous resistance testing tube; injecting the prepared target solution (polymer solution with the concentration of 3000 mg/L) into an intermediate container at the speed of 1ml/min, and carrying out flow regulation and stable flow tests on the front-stage flow to obtain the initial value of the viscous resistance of the target solution, wherein the initial value is shown in table 1;
TABLE 1 initial values of viscous drag
| Serial number | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 |
| Time, |
5 | 10 | 15 | 20 | 25 | 30 |
| (A) Pressure difference of (MPa) | 0.25 | 0.74 | 0.95 | 0.98 | 0.98 | 0.98 |
After the flow of the fluid is stable, an internal resistance test tube, a second regulating valve 5-B, a second buffering flow stabilizing mechanism 3-B, a third regulating valve 5-C, a second flow stabilizing resistance test tube 6-B and a fourth regulating valve 5-D are sequentially installed at the other end of the first regulating valve 5-A, and a second differential pressure sensor 4-B and a third differential pressure sensor 4-C are respectively installed on the internal resistance test tube and the second flow stabilizing resistance test tube 6-B; continuing to perform displacement, gradually adjusting the flow rate through the adjusting valve to stabilize and unify the flow rate in the device, and reading a pressure difference data value after the flow rate is stabilized, wherein the pressure difference data value is shown in a table 2;
TABLE 2 data values of three differential pressure sensors
| Serial number | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 |
| Time, |
5 | 10 | 15 | 20 | 25 | 30 |
| (A) Pressure difference of (MPa) | 0.98 | 0.98 | 0.98 | 0.98 | 0.98 | 0.98 |
| (B) Pressure difference of (MPa) | 0.34 | 0.68 | 0.99 | 1.54 | 1.56 | 1.56 |
| (C) Pressure difference of (MPa) | 0.09 | 0.48 | 0.95 | 0.97 | 0.97 | 0.97 |
According to a data table of the differential pressure sensor, three differential pressure data in the process are respectively analyzed, and then the viscous resistance is 0.98MPa, the internal resistance is 1.56MPa, and the elastic resistance is 0.58 MPa; further replacing the internal resistance test tubes with different internal and external diameter combinations, and realizing results after multiple measurements (see table 3) show that: the elastic resistance of the viscoelastic fluid is greatly changed due to the tubular columns with different inner and outer diameters, so that the internal resistance of the tubular columns is influenced.
TABLE 3 analysis of internal resistance under internal resistance test tubes of different internal and external diameters
Although the present invention has been described with reference to the above embodiments, it should be understood that the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and those skilled in the art can make various changes and modifications without departing from the scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. An apparatus for testing the internal resistance of a viscoelastic fluid in a porous medium, comprising:
the inner resistance testing pipe is a reducing pipeline with larger inner diameters at two ends, smaller inner diameter in the middle and gradually changed inner diameter and is used for measuring the inner resistance of the fluid;
the pressure difference sensor is connected with two ends of the internal resistance testing pipe and is used for measuring the pressure difference of fluid flowing into the internal resistance testing pipe and fluid flowing out of the internal resistance testing pipe;
the driving device is communicated with the internal resistance testing tube through a fluid pipeline and is used for driving fluid to enter the internal resistance testing tube;
and the at least two regulating valves are arranged on the fluid pipeline and used for regulating the flow speed and the flow of the fluid flowing into and out of the internal resistance testing pipe.
2. The apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the internal resistance test tube comprises a first reducer tube and a second reducer tube, and a small diameter end of the first reducer tube is connected and communicated with a small diameter end of the second reducer tube; the fluid flows into the first reducer pipe from the large-diameter end of the first reducer pipe and flows out from the large-diameter end of the second reducer pipe.
3. The device as claimed in claim 1, wherein a steady flow resistance test tube is further disposed at two ends of the inner resistance test tube and communicated with the inner resistance test tube, and a differential pressure sensor for measuring the pressure difference of the fluid flowing into and out of the steady flow resistance test tube is also disposed on the steady flow resistance test tube.
4. The device of claim 1, wherein the steady flow resistance test tube is a constant diameter tube with a smooth inner wall.
5. The device as claimed in claim 1, wherein the fluid conduit is further provided with an intermediate container for storing fluid, one end of the intermediate container is communicated with the liquid outlet of the driving device, and the other end of the intermediate container is communicated with the internal resistance test tube through the fluid conduit.
6. The device according to claim 1, wherein the inlet end or both ends of the internal resistance test tube are further provided with a buffer flow stabilizing mechanism.
7. The apparatus of claim 6 wherein the buffer flow stabilizer is a hollow spherical container, the fluid being injected from the bottom of the buffer flow stabilizer and exiting from the top of the buffer flow stabilizer.
8. A method for testing the internal resistance of a viscoelastic fluid in a porous medium, characterized in that the device of any one of claims 1 to 7 is used for testing, and the method comprises the following steps:
s1, injecting fluid to make the fluid continuously and stably flow in from one end of the internal resistance test tube and make the fluid continuously and stably flow out from the other end;
and S2, reading the data of the differential pressure sensor to obtain the internal resistance parameter of the fluid.
9. The method of claim 8, wherein the internal resistance of the fluid has a value equal to test data of the pressure sensors connected across the internal resistance test tube.
10. The method according to claim 8, wherein step S1 further comprises a steady flow test, which specifically comprises: and adjusting the flow rate of the fluid until the fluid stably flows in and out, reading the data of the pressure difference sensor, and acquiring the initial value of the viscous resistance of the target solution.
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