CN113790115A - Electrically controlled common rail oil injector adopting piezoelectric drive to realize variable oil injection rule - Google Patents
Electrically controlled common rail oil injector adopting piezoelectric drive to realize variable oil injection rule Download PDFInfo
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- CN113790115A CN113790115A CN202111075101.1A CN202111075101A CN113790115A CN 113790115 A CN113790115 A CN 113790115A CN 202111075101 A CN202111075101 A CN 202111075101A CN 113790115 A CN113790115 A CN 113790115A
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
- F02M47/00—Fuel-injection apparatus operated cyclically with fuel-injection valves actuated by fluid pressure
- F02M47/02—Fuel-injection apparatus operated cyclically with fuel-injection valves actuated by fluid pressure of accumulator-injector type, i.e. having fuel pressure of accumulator tending to open, and fuel pressure in other chamber tending to close, injection valves and having means for periodically releasing that closing pressure
- F02M47/027—Electrically actuated valves draining the chamber to release the closing pressure
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
- F02M45/00—Fuel-injection apparatus characterised by having a cyclic delivery of specific time/pressure or time/quantity relationship
- F02M45/02—Fuel-injection apparatus characterised by having a cyclic delivery of specific time/pressure or time/quantity relationship with each cyclic delivery being separated into two or more parts
- F02M45/04—Fuel-injection apparatus characterised by having a cyclic delivery of specific time/pressure or time/quantity relationship with each cyclic delivery being separated into two or more parts with a small initial part, e.g. initial part for partial load and initial and main part for full load
- F02M45/08—Injectors peculiar thereto
- F02M45/086—Having more than one injection-valve controlling discharge orifices
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
- F02M61/00—Fuel-injectors not provided for in groups F02M39/00 - F02M57/00 or F02M67/00
- F02M61/04—Fuel-injectors not provided for in groups F02M39/00 - F02M57/00 or F02M67/00 having valves, e.g. having a plurality of valves in series
- F02M61/10—Other injectors with elongated valve bodies, i.e. of needle-valve type
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
- F02M61/00—Fuel-injectors not provided for in groups F02M39/00 - F02M57/00 or F02M67/00
- F02M61/16—Details not provided for in, or of interest apart from, the apparatus of groups F02M61/02 - F02M61/14
- F02M61/20—Closing valves mechanically, e.g. arrangements of springs or weights or permanent magnets; Damping of valve lift
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
- F02M63/00—Other fuel-injection apparatus having pertinent characteristics not provided for in groups F02M39/00 - F02M57/00 or F02M67/00; Details, component parts, or accessories of fuel-injection apparatus, not provided for in, or of interest apart from, the apparatus of groups F02M39/00 - F02M61/00 or F02M67/00; Combination of fuel pump with other devices, e.g. lubricating oil pump
- F02M63/0003—Fuel-injection apparatus having a cyclically-operated valve for connecting a pressure source, e.g. constant pressure pump or accumulator, to an injection valve held closed mechanically, e.g. by springs, and automatically opened by fuel pressure
- F02M63/0007—Fuel-injection apparatus having a cyclically-operated valve for connecting a pressure source, e.g. constant pressure pump or accumulator, to an injection valve held closed mechanically, e.g. by springs, and automatically opened by fuel pressure using electrically actuated valves
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
- F02M63/00—Other fuel-injection apparatus having pertinent characteristics not provided for in groups F02M39/00 - F02M57/00 or F02M67/00; Details, component parts, or accessories of fuel-injection apparatus, not provided for in, or of interest apart from, the apparatus of groups F02M39/00 - F02M61/00 or F02M67/00; Combination of fuel pump with other devices, e.g. lubricating oil pump
- F02M63/0012—Valves
- F02M63/0014—Valves characterised by the valve actuating means
- F02M63/0015—Valves characterised by the valve actuating means electrical, e.g. using solenoid
- F02M63/0026—Valves characterised by the valve actuating means electrical, e.g. using solenoid using piezoelectric or magnetostrictive actuators
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
- F02M63/00—Other fuel-injection apparatus having pertinent characteristics not provided for in groups F02M39/00 - F02M57/00 or F02M67/00; Details, component parts, or accessories of fuel-injection apparatus, not provided for in, or of interest apart from, the apparatus of groups F02M39/00 - F02M61/00 or F02M67/00; Combination of fuel pump with other devices, e.g. lubricating oil pump
- F02M63/0012—Valves
- F02M63/0031—Valves characterized by the type of valves, e.g. special valve member details, valve seat details, valve housing details
- F02M63/0033—Lift valves, i.e. having a valve member that moves perpendicularly to the plane of the valve seat
- F02M63/0036—Lift valves, i.e. having a valve member that moves perpendicularly to the plane of the valve seat with spherical or partly spherical shaped valve member ends
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
- F02M63/00—Other fuel-injection apparatus having pertinent characteristics not provided for in groups F02M39/00 - F02M57/00 or F02M67/00; Details, component parts, or accessories of fuel-injection apparatus, not provided for in, or of interest apart from, the apparatus of groups F02M39/00 - F02M61/00 or F02M67/00; Combination of fuel pump with other devices, e.g. lubricating oil pump
- F02M63/0012—Valves
- F02M63/0031—Valves characterized by the type of valves, e.g. special valve member details, valve seat details, valve housing details
- F02M63/004—Sliding valves, e.g. spool valves, i.e. whereby the closing member has a sliding movement along a seat for opening and closing
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
- F02M63/00—Other fuel-injection apparatus having pertinent characteristics not provided for in groups F02M39/00 - F02M57/00 or F02M67/00; Details, component parts, or accessories of fuel-injection apparatus, not provided for in, or of interest apart from, the apparatus of groups F02M39/00 - F02M61/00 or F02M67/00; Combination of fuel pump with other devices, e.g. lubricating oil pump
- F02M63/0012—Valves
- F02M63/0031—Valves characterized by the type of valves, e.g. special valve member details, valve seat details, valve housing details
- F02M63/0043—Two-way valves
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
- Fuel-Injection Apparatus (AREA)
Abstract
The invention aims to provide an electric control common rail oil injector adopting piezoelectric drive to realize variable oil injection rules, which comprises an oil injector body, a piezoelectric stack part, an electromagnetic valve part and an oil injection nozzle part, wherein the oil injector body, the piezoelectric stack part, the electromagnetic valve part and the oil injection nozzle part are arranged from top to bottom, a pressure storage cavity and a piezoelectric stack oil return circuit are arranged in the oil injector body, the piezoelectric stack part is respectively provided with a piezoelectric stack middle cavity, a piezoelectric stack oil return cavity and a piezoelectric stack control valve return spring cavity from top to bottom, the bottom of the electromagnetic valve part is provided with the oil return cavity, a control cavity is arranged above the oil injection nozzle part, the upper part of the oil injection nozzle is provided with a needle valve return spring cavity, and the middle part of the oil injection nozzle part is provided with an oil containing groove. The invention adopts the piezoelectric drive to open the control cavity at any time in the oil injection process to accelerate oil return, and can further realize flexible and variable oil injection rules on the first slow and then fast boot-shaped injection.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to an oil injector, in particular to a common rail oil injector of a diesel engine.
Background
In order to solve the problem of pollution emission of the diesel engine, besides the technical means of tail gas aftertreatment, optimization of the combustion process in the diesel engine is very important, and the quality of the combustion process of the diesel engine is influenced by the oil injection rule to a great extent. Therefore, in order to achieve more efficient combustion and lower emissions in diesel engines, there is a need for fuel injection systems that allow flexible control of injection characteristics.
The high-pressure common rail system truly realizes the independence of the fuel injection process and the fuel supply process, and realizes the accurate adjustment of the circulating fuel injection quantity and the fuel injection time by controlling the inside of the fuel injector, thereby enabling the optimization of the combustion process in the cylinder of the diesel engine to become possible. However, the conventional high-pressure common rail system cannot realize the fuel injection characteristic of a slow fuel injection followed by a fast fuel injection, and further cannot realize a variable fuel injection law. Therefore, the development of the common rail injector with controllable injection rule is the main development direction of the high-pressure common rail system at present.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide an electric control common rail oil injector which adopts piezoelectric drive to realize variable oil injection rules, and solves the technical problem that the traditional high-pressure common rail system can not realize flexible adjustment of oil injection rules, thereby improving the economy and emission of a diesel engine to a greater extent.
The purpose of the invention is realized as follows:
the invention relates to an electronic control common rail oil injector adopting piezoelectric drive to realize variable oil injection rule, which is characterized in that: the fuel injector comprises an oil injector body, a piezoelectric stack part, an electromagnetic valve part and a fuel injection nozzle part, wherein the oil injector body, the piezoelectric stack part, the electromagnetic valve part and the fuel injection nozzle part are arranged from top to bottom, a pressure storage cavity and a piezoelectric stack oil return circuit are arranged in the oil injector body, the piezoelectric stack part is respectively provided with a piezoelectric stack middle cavity, a piezoelectric stack oil return cavity and a piezoelectric stack control valve return spring cavity from top to bottom, the bottom of the electromagnetic valve part is provided with an oil return cavity, a control cavity is arranged above the fuel injection nozzle part, the upper part of the fuel injection nozzle is provided with a needle valve return spring cavity, the middle part of the fuel injection nozzle part is provided with an oil containing groove, the pressure storage cavity is respectively communicated with the control cavity and the oil containing groove, a control cavity oil inlet orifice is arranged at an inlet of the control cavity communicated with the pressure storage cavity, the piezoelectric stack oil return circuit is communicated with the piezoelectric stack middle cavity, the piezoelectric stack oil return cavity is communicated with the control cavity through the control cavity and the additional oil return circuit, the upper part of the control cavity is communicated with a return oil orifice of the control cavity, the return oil orifice of the control cavity is positioned below the return oil cavity, and the diameter of the return oil orifice of the control cavity is larger than that of the oil inlet orifice of the control cavity.
The present invention may further comprise:
1. the piezoelectric stack part comprises a piezoelectric stack and a piezoelectric stack control valve, the piezoelectric stack is attached to the upper portion of the piezoelectric stack control valve, the lower end of the piezoelectric stack control valve is located in a reset spring cavity of the piezoelectric stack control valve and is provided with a spring, a middle cavity of the piezoelectric stack is arranged in the middle of the piezoelectric stack control valve, and an oil return cavity of the piezoelectric stack is arranged outside the middle lower portion of the piezoelectric stack control valve.
2. The electromagnetic valve part comprises an armature, an electromagnetic valve reset spring seat, an iron core and a ball valve, the electromagnetic valve reset spring seat is located above the armature, an electromagnetic valve reset spring is arranged between the armature and the electromagnetic valve reset spring, the iron core is arranged above the armature and outside the electromagnetic valve reset spring, the iron core is wound with a coil, the armature is connected with the valve rod, the lower end of the valve rod extends into the oil return cavity, the ball valve is installed at the end of the valve rod, and when the armature is located at the lowest end position, the oil return cavity and the control cavity are separated by the ball valve.
3. The fuel spray nozzle part comprises a needle valve, a needle valve return spring is sleeved on the upper portion of the needle valve, the upper portion of the needle valve and the needle valve return spring are located in a needle valve return spring cavity, the control cavity is located on the top of the needle valve, and a spray hole is formed in the lower end portion of the needle valve.
4. When a coil of the electromagnetic valve is not electrified, the oil return orifice of the control cavity is in a closed state, the control cavity is filled with high-pressure fuel oil, and the piezoelectric stack control valve blocks an additional oil return oil way of the control cavity communicated with the oil return cavity of the piezoelectric stack in the control cavity; when a coil of the electromagnetic valve is electrified, a magnetic loop is formed by the electromagnetic valve, the iron core and the armature, electromagnetic force is generated to attract the armature to drive the valve rod to move upwards, the ball valve is lifted, an oil return orifice of the control cavity is opened, the pressure of fuel oil in the control cavity is reduced, and after the pressure difference is formed between the control cavity and the fuel oil in the oil containing groove, the needle valve is lifted, and the orifice starts to inject oil; when the time for changing the oil injection rule is reached, the piezoelectric stack loads voltage, deforms and extends to push the control valve downwards, the control valve moves downwards and presses a reset spring of the control valve of the piezoelectric stack, the control valve enables an oil return cavity of the piezoelectric stack to be communicated with a middle cavity of the piezoelectric stack, an oil return oil way leading from the control cavity to the middle cavity of the piezoelectric stack is opened, two oil return oil ways exist in the control cavity at the same time, the needle valve is lifted more quickly than before, and the oil injection rule of first slow oil and then fast oil injection is realized; when the coil is powered off, the armature and the valve rod are seated, the throttling oil return hole of the control cavity is closed, fuel oil enters the control cavity from the pressure accumulation cavity through the oil inlet throttling hole of the control cavity, pressure of the control cavity is built up again, the needle valve is seated again under the action of the needle valve reset spring, the spraying hole is closed, oil injection is finished, the piezoelectric stack is powered off at the moment, the piezoelectric stack restores the original length, the piezoelectric stack control valve moves upwards under the action of the piezoelectric stack control valve reset spring, the communication between the piezoelectric stack oil return cavity and the piezoelectric stack middle cavity is closed, and the oil return path of the control cavity to the piezoelectric stack middle cavity is closed.
The invention has the advantages that: the invention adopts the piezoelectric drive to open the control cavity at any time in the oil injection process to accelerate oil return, and can further realize flexible and variable oil injection rules on the first slow and then fast boot-shaped injection.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a portion of a piezoelectric stack in accordance with the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the solenoid valve portion of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a control chamber according to the present invention;
fig. 5 is a schematic view of the structure of the nozzle portion of the present invention. (ii) a
Detailed Description
The invention will now be described in more detail by way of example with reference to the accompanying drawings in which:
with reference to fig. 1-5, the invention is composed of a high-pressure fuel inlet joint 1, an oil injector body 2, a piezoelectric stack part 3, an electromagnetic valve part 4, a control cavity 5, a tightening cap 6, an oil nozzle part 7 and a pressure accumulation cavity 8. The high-pressure fuel oil inlet joint 1 and the oil injector body 2 are sealed through threads, a high-pressure fuel oil flow passage 9 is arranged in the high-pressure fuel oil inlet joint 1, and the high-pressure fuel oil flow passage 9 is connected with a pressure accumulation cavity 8 in the oil injector body 2. A piezoelectric stack portion 3 is provided below the pressure accumulation chamber 8. The piezoelectric stack part 3 is arranged between the oil injector body 2 and the electromagnetic valve part 4, and mainly comprises a piezoelectric stack electrical connector 31, a piezoelectric stack 32, a piezoelectric stack control valve 33, a piezoelectric stack control valve return spring 34, a piezoelectric stack control valve return spring cavity 35, a piezoelectric stack oil return cavity 36, a piezoelectric stack middle cavity 37, a piezoelectric stack oil return path 38 and a piezoelectric stack control valve seat 39. The piezoelectric stack 32 is connected with an engine electronic control unit through a piezoelectric stack electrical connector 31, and then controls the rising and falling of a piezoelectric stack control valve 33, the piezoelectric stack 32 is installed below the pressure accumulation cavity 8, the piezoelectric stack control valve 33 is arranged below the piezoelectric stack 32, the upper end face of the piezoelectric stack control valve 33 is compressed to the lower end face of the piezoelectric stack 32 through a piezoelectric stack control valve return spring 34, the piezoelectric stack control valve 33 is processed with an upper conical surface and a lower conical surface, the upper conical surface and a piezoelectric stack control valve seat form a piezoelectric stack middle cavity 37, the lower conical surface and the piezoelectric stack control valve seat form a piezoelectric stack control valve return spring cavity 35, a piezoelectric stack oil return cavity 36 is arranged on the side face of the piezoelectric stack control valve 33, and the lower end part of the piezoelectric stack control valve 33 is sleeved with the piezoelectric stack control valve return spring 34.
An electromagnetic valve part 4 is arranged below the piezoelectric stack. The main structure of the solenoid valve portion 4 includes a solenoid valve return spring seat 41, a solenoid valve return spring 42, a coil 43, an iron core 44, an armature 45, a valve rod 46, a ball valve 47, and an oil return chamber 48. An electromagnetic valve reset spring 42 is installed in the iron core 44, one end of the electromagnetic valve reset spring 42 is fixed on the electromagnetic valve reset spring seat 41, the other end of the electromagnetic valve reset spring is propped against the upper end of the armature 45, two ends of the valve rod 46 are respectively and rigidly connected with the armature 45 and the ball valve 47, and an oil return cavity 48 is communicated with an additional oil return cavity in the piezoelectric stack part through an oil return way.
The control chamber 5 is mounted below the solenoid valve portion 4. The main structure of the control cavity body 5 comprises a control cavity 51, a control cavity oil inlet throttling hole 52, a control cavity oil return throttling hole 53 and a control cavity additional oil return path 54. The control chamber 51 communicates with the oil return chamber 48 in the solenoid valve portion through a return orifice 53, communicates with the accumulator chamber 8 through a feed orifice 52, and communicates with the piezoelectric stack oil return chamber 48 through a control chamber additional return oil path 54.
The piezoelectric stack part 3, the electromagnetic valve part 4 and the control cavity 5 are sequentially arranged from top to bottom and are fixed through a tight cap 6. Below the control chamber 5 is an injector section 7. The main structure of the fuel injection nozzle portion 7 includes a needle valve 71, a needle valve return spring 72, a needle valve return spring chamber 73, a needle valve seat 74, a fuel injection nozzle body 75, a fuel tank 76, a fuel tank inlet path 77, and a nozzle hole 78. The upper end of a needle valve 71 sleeved with a needle valve return spring 72 is positioned in a needle valve return spring cavity 73, a needle valve seat 74 is installed in an oil spray nozzle body 75, the lower end of the needle valve 71 is attached to the needle valve seat 74 under the action of the needle valve return spring 72, a spray hole 78 is formed below the oil spray nozzle body 75, an oil containing groove 76 is formed in the oil spray nozzle body 75, and an oil inlet channel 77 of the oil containing groove is communicated with the oil containing groove 76 and the pressure accumulation cavity 8.
A high-pressure fuel oil flow passage 9 is arranged on the high-pressure fuel oil inlet joint 1, and a pressure storage cavity 8 is arranged on the oil injector body 2 and is connected with the high-pressure fuel oil flow passage 9. When the high-pressure fuel is supplied, the high-pressure fuel enters the pressure accumulation chamber 8 through the high-pressure fuel flow passage 9, and then enters the control chamber 51 and the oil reservoir 76 through the oil inlet passages 52 and 77, respectively.
With reference to fig. 2 to 5, the working principle of the present invention is that when the coil 43 of the solenoid valve is not energized, the oil return orifice 53 of the control chamber 51 is in a closed state, the control chamber 51 is filled with high-pressure fuel oil, and the piezo stack control valve 33 blocks the control chamber additional oil return path 54 leading to the piezo stack oil return chamber 37 in the control chamber 51. When the coil 43 of the solenoid valve is energized, a magnetic circuit is formed with the iron core 44 and the armature 45, and electromagnetic force is generated to attract the armature 45 to drive the valve rod 46 to move upwards, so that the ball valve 47 is lifted, and the control chamber return orifice 53 is opened. However, because the diameter of the control cavity return orifice is larger than that of the control cavity oil inlet orifice, and the quantity of return oil in the control cavity 51 is larger than that of inlet oil, the pressure of the oil in the control cavity 51 slowly drops, and forms a pressure difference with the oil in the oil containing groove 76, the needle valve 71 is slowly lifted, and the injection hole 78 starts injecting oil. When the time when the oil injection rule is required to be changed is reached, voltage is loaded on the piezoelectric stack 32, due to the inverse piezoelectric effect of the piezoelectric stack 32, the piezoelectric stack 32 deforms, extends and pushes the control valve 33 downwards, the control valve 33 moves downwards and presses the stack control valve return spring 34, the upper conical surface of the control valve 33 is communicated with the piezoelectric stack oil return cavity 36 and the piezoelectric stack middle cavity 37 to a certain extent, an oil return oil way from the control cavity 51 to the piezoelectric stack middle cavity 37 is opened, at the moment, two oil return oil ways exist in the control cavity 5 at the same time, so that the lifting speed of the needle valve 71 is higher than that of the prior art, and the flexible and variable 'slow-first-then-fast' oil injection rule can be realized. When the coil 43 is powered off, the armature 45 and the valve rod 46 are seated, the control cavity throttling oil return hole 53 is closed, fuel enters the control cavity 51 from the pressure accumulation cavity 8 through the control cavity oil inlet throttling hole 52, pressure of the control cavity 51 is built up again, the needle valve 71 is seated again under the action of the needle valve return spring 56, the spray hole 78 is closed, and oil injection is finished. At this time, the power of the piezo stack 32 is cut off, the piezo stack 32 recovers the original length, the piezo stack control valve 33 moves upward under the action of the piezo stack control valve return spring 34, the communication between the piezo stack oil return cavity 36 and the piezo stack intermediate cavity 37 is closed, and the oil return path from the control cavity 51 to the piezo stack intermediate cavity 37 is closed.
According to the working process, the control cavity in the electric control oil injector is additionally provided with the oil return oil way controlled by the piezoelectric drive in the working process, and the oil return oil way leading the control cavity to the middle cavity of the piezoelectric stack is opened by loading the voltage to the piezoelectric stack at the moment when the oil injection rule is required to be changed. The increase of the oil return can accelerate the lifting speed of the needle valve, so that the lifting speed of the needle valve has a change from slow to fast, the oil injection rule from slow to fast can be realized, and the second oil return oil circuit can be opened at any time in the oil injection process due to the controllable voltage loading time of the piezoelectric stack, so that the flexible and variable oil injection rule can be obtained. The added piezoelectric stack part can improve the oil injection rule and effectively improve the emission characteristic and the economy of the diesel engine.
Claims (5)
1. The utility model provides an adopt piezoelectricity drive to realize automatically controlled common rail injector of variable oil spout law which characterized by: the fuel injector comprises an oil injector body, a piezoelectric stack part, an electromagnetic valve part and a fuel injection nozzle part, wherein the oil injector body, the piezoelectric stack part, the electromagnetic valve part and the fuel injection nozzle part are arranged from top to bottom, a pressure storage cavity and a piezoelectric stack oil return circuit are arranged in the oil injector body, the piezoelectric stack part is respectively provided with a piezoelectric stack middle cavity, a piezoelectric stack oil return cavity and a piezoelectric stack control valve return spring cavity from top to bottom, the bottom of the electromagnetic valve part is provided with an oil return cavity, a control cavity is arranged above the fuel injection nozzle part, the upper part of the fuel injection nozzle is provided with a needle valve return spring cavity, the middle part of the fuel injection nozzle part is provided with an oil containing groove, the pressure storage cavity is respectively communicated with the control cavity and the oil containing groove, a control cavity oil inlet orifice is arranged at an inlet of the control cavity communicated with the pressure storage cavity, the piezoelectric stack oil return circuit is communicated with the piezoelectric stack middle cavity, the piezoelectric stack oil return cavity is communicated with the control cavity through the control cavity and the additional oil return circuit, the upper part of the control cavity is communicated with a return oil orifice of the control cavity, the return oil orifice of the control cavity is positioned below the return oil cavity, and the diameter of the return oil orifice of the control cavity is larger than that of the oil inlet orifice of the control cavity.
2. The electrically controlled common rail injector according to claim 1, wherein the electrically controlled common rail injector is driven by a piezoelectric actuator to realize a variable injection law, and is characterized in that: the piezoelectric stack part comprises a piezoelectric stack and a piezoelectric stack control valve, the piezoelectric stack is attached to the upper portion of the piezoelectric stack control valve, the lower end of the piezoelectric stack control valve is located in a reset spring cavity of the piezoelectric stack control valve and is provided with a spring, a middle cavity of the piezoelectric stack is arranged in the middle of the piezoelectric stack control valve, and an oil return cavity of the piezoelectric stack is arranged outside the middle lower portion of the piezoelectric stack control valve.
3. The electrically controlled common rail injector according to claim 1, wherein the electrically controlled common rail injector is driven by a piezoelectric actuator to realize a variable injection law, and is characterized in that: the electromagnetic valve part comprises an armature, an electromagnetic valve reset spring seat, an iron core and a ball valve, the electromagnetic valve reset spring seat is located above the armature, an electromagnetic valve reset spring is arranged between the armature and the electromagnetic valve reset spring, the iron core is arranged above the armature and outside the electromagnetic valve reset spring, the iron core is wound with a coil, the armature is connected with the valve rod, the lower end of the valve rod extends into the oil return cavity, the ball valve is installed at the end of the valve rod, and when the armature is located at the lowest end position, the oil return cavity and the control cavity are separated by the ball valve.
4. The electrically controlled common rail injector according to claim 1, wherein the electrically controlled common rail injector is driven by a piezoelectric actuator to realize a variable injection law, and is characterized in that: the fuel spray nozzle part comprises a needle valve, a needle valve return spring is sleeved on the upper portion of the needle valve, the upper portion of the needle valve and the needle valve return spring are located in a needle valve return spring cavity, the control cavity is located on the top of the needle valve, and a spray hole is formed in the lower end portion of the needle valve.
5. An electrically controlled common rail injector according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the electrically controlled common rail injector is driven by a piezoelectric actuator to realize a variable injection law, and is characterized in that: when a coil of the electromagnetic valve is not electrified, the oil return orifice of the control cavity is in a closed state, the control cavity is filled with high-pressure fuel oil, and the piezoelectric stack control valve blocks an additional oil return oil way of the control cavity communicated with the oil return cavity of the piezoelectric stack in the control cavity; when a coil of the electromagnetic valve is electrified, a magnetic loop is formed by the electromagnetic valve, the iron core and the armature, electromagnetic force is generated to attract the armature to drive the valve rod to move upwards, the ball valve is lifted, an oil return orifice of the control cavity is opened, the pressure of fuel oil in the control cavity is reduced, and after the pressure difference is formed between the control cavity and the fuel oil in the oil containing groove, the needle valve is lifted, and the orifice starts to inject oil; when the time for changing the oil injection rule is reached, the piezoelectric stack loads voltage, deforms and extends to push the control valve downwards, the control valve moves downwards and presses a reset spring of the control valve of the piezoelectric stack, the control valve enables an oil return cavity of the piezoelectric stack to be communicated with a middle cavity of the piezoelectric stack, an oil return oil way leading from the control cavity to the middle cavity of the piezoelectric stack is opened, two oil return oil ways exist in the control cavity at the same time, the needle valve is lifted more quickly than before, and the oil injection rule of first slow oil and then fast oil injection is realized; when the coil is powered off, the armature and the valve rod are seated, the throttling oil return hole of the control cavity is closed, fuel oil enters the control cavity from the pressure accumulation cavity through the oil inlet throttling hole of the control cavity, pressure of the control cavity is built up again, the needle valve is seated again under the action of the needle valve reset spring, the spraying hole is closed, oil injection is finished, the piezoelectric stack is powered off at the moment, the piezoelectric stack restores the original length, the piezoelectric stack control valve moves upwards under the action of the piezoelectric stack control valve reset spring, the communication between the piezoelectric stack oil return cavity and the piezoelectric stack middle cavity is closed, and the oil return path of the control cavity to the piezoelectric stack middle cavity is closed.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202111075101.1A CN113790115A (en) | 2021-09-14 | 2021-09-14 | Electrically controlled common rail oil injector adopting piezoelectric drive to realize variable oil injection rule |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202111075101.1A CN113790115A (en) | 2021-09-14 | 2021-09-14 | Electrically controlled common rail oil injector adopting piezoelectric drive to realize variable oil injection rule |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN114165373A (en) * | 2021-12-17 | 2022-03-11 | 中国船舶重工集团公司第七一一研究所 | Fuel injector and common rail system |
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| CN109184996A (en) * | 2018-07-26 | 2019-01-11 | 哈尔滨工程大学 | Piezoelectricity-electromagnetic control oil sprayer with control chamber sliding block |
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Application publication date: 20211214 |