CN113789193B

CN113789193B - Straw feeding system

Info

Publication number: CN113789193B
Application number: CN202111008535.XA
Authority: CN
Inventors: 肖波; 吴琼; 许婷婷; 王训; 李建芬
Original assignee: Huazhong University of Science and Technology
Current assignee: Huazhong University of Science and Technology
Priority date: 2021-08-31
Filing date: 2021-08-31
Publication date: 2022-05-31
Anticipated expiration: 2041-08-31
Also published as: CN113789193A

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of biomass fuels, and particularly relates to a straw feeding system. The feeding system comprises a sawing machine and a stirring machine, wherein the sawing machine is sequentially provided with a plate pressing mechanism and a roller breaking mechanism along the straw moving direction, the plate pressing mechanism is used for compressing fluffy straws into plate-shaped straws, the roller breaking mechanism is used for sawing the plate-shaped straws into pieces, and the stirring machine is sequentially provided with a transition hopper, an auger piece, a plastic sealing layer, a beating blade and a discharge hole along the straw moving direction. According to the invention, the biomass straw raw material is crushed into biomass with a specified particle size by the straw plate sawing crusher, the biomass enters the hopper under the action of the stirring sheet, and then is conveyed to the beating blade under the action of the auger, the biomass cannot be accumulated at the discharge port under the rotation action of the beating blade, the crusher and the feeding device are combined into a whole, the feeding is more convenient, the straw is subjected to full-closed treatment, and the dust pollution cannot be caused.

Description

Straw feeding system

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of biomass fuels, and particularly relates to a straw feeding system.

Background

The global carbon neutralization goal is achieved mainly by relying on carbon neutralized biomass fuel to replace coal, and carbon neutralized biomass energy for high quality low cost fuel gas conversion to replace fossil fuel oil and natural gas to support the whole national economy. Thus, the low cost and efficient probiotic production of fluffy biomass feedstocks to intermediate processing of industrial energy has become an urgent issue to be addressed. For a long time, fluffy biomass raw materials are led to the processing of feed and traditional Chinese medicine, and high processing cost can be accepted due to high terminal value. Since the industrial revolution, the amount of coal used is about 30 million tons per year, and the amount of biomass required as industrial energy is more than 50 million tons per year, and the cost is as low as that of coal. The current biomass energy crushing equipment cannot meet the requirements of high crushing efficiency and low cost of biomass as energy for large-scale industrial use. The core reason is that the biomass such as straw and tree branch structures are fluffy, large in volume and light in weight, the hitting lost of the blades of the crushing equipment is weak, and meanwhile, the crushing cavity is large in volume, so that the mechanical efficiency of the crushing work acting on the biomass material is very low, which is the greatest difference between the crushing method of the equipment and the crushing method of coal and stone. For this reason, there is a need to develop a pre-crushing method and apparatus for biomass raw materials widely used for industrial energy economy requirements, in view of the material properties of the biomass materials.

CN105689079A discloses a high-efficiency straw rapid crusher, which comprises a horizontally arranged support frame, wherein a crushing shaft is arranged between a crusher base and an arc end cover, the crushing shaft is fixed with the crusher base through a bearing seat, a driving wheel is arranged at one end of the crushing shaft, which is positioned at the same side of a motor output shaft, and the driving wheel is connected with a motor rotating shaft through a belt; set up a plurality of synchronous revolution's circular baffle along broken axle length direction equidistance, the common cover is equipped with the blade holder axle between circular baffle, and the blade holder axle sets up broken blade along circular baffle circumferencial direction evenly distributed between the circular baffle at the blade holder axle position, and broken blade pot head is established at the blade holder epaxially, and the other end is higher than circular baffle edge. This technical scheme carries out the breakage through tool rest axle and broken blade, improves work efficiency, but whole device transmission is complicated, and the cutter is better inconvenient, still has the improvement space.

CN202095311U discloses a straw breaker, which comprises a frame, power device and breaker, power device includes motor and belt pulley, be provided with the feed inlet in frame top side, the feed inlet below is provided with the ration and gives discharge device, the ration is given discharge device and is included the axis of rotation and install the ration in the axis of rotation and give the row of expecting the change roller, breaker includes the connecting axle and installs disc cutter and the steel wire saw blade on the connecting axle, the front and the back at the frame are fixed to axis of rotation and connecting axle parallel to the horizontal plane, axis of rotation and connecting axle are associative with a set of belt pulley and motor respectively, breaker and ration are given the parallel symmetry of discharge device axis and are installed in the frame, the frame below is provided with the discharge gate. This technical scheme is saw cut and is cuted and broken with the shearing of circular disc cutter through steel wire saw blade, and the material after the processing receives breaker's centrifugal force and ration and gives the effect of arranging material and changeing the roller, discharges from the discharge gate, but processingequipment is comparatively complicated, and the straw size and the particle diameter that obtain after the breakage still exist and improve the space.

Therefore, the prior art still lacks a straw sawing machine with high straw crushing efficiency and convenient use.

Disclosure of Invention

Aiming at the defects or improvement requirements of the prior art, the invention provides a straw feeding system, which aims to improve the crushing efficiency of straws, and the size and the particle size of the crushed straws can reach the standard and can be directly used, so that the technical problem of low straw crushing efficiency is solved.

In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides a straw feeding system which comprises a sawing machine and a stirring machine, wherein the sawing machine is sequentially provided with a plate pressing mechanism and a roller breaking mechanism along the straw moving direction, the plate pressing mechanism is used for compressing fluffy straws into platy straws, the roller breaking mechanism is used for sawing the platy straws, the stirring machine is sequentially provided with a transition hopper, an auger piece, a plastic sealing layer, a beating blade and a discharge port along the straw moving direction, the roller breaking mechanism is connected with the transition hopper through a closed pipeline, the auger piece is positioned at the bottom end of the transition hopper, the auger piece is in sealing connection with the plastic sealing layer, the plastic sealing layer is communicated with the beating blade, and the auger piece is used for conveying the straws leaking into the auger piece to the beating blade through the plastic sealing layer.

Preferably, the plate pressing mechanism comprises an upper panel and a lower panel which are hinged, the upper panel and the lower panel are the same in structure and comprise a shell, a conveying belt and a crawler belt, a roller breaking mechanism is arranged at the hinged part of the upper panel and the lower panel, the conveying belt is positioned at the front section of the shell, the crawler belt is positioned at the rear section of the shell, and the conveying belt of the upper panel and the included angle between the conveying belts of the lower panel are larger than those between the crawler belt of the upper panel and the included angle between the crawler belts of the lower panel.

Preferably, the caterpillar band is a chain plate composed of a plurality of parallel chains, and the chain row of the plate press is a steel wire bed plate composed of a rubber plastic belt, a hinge belt plate made of rigid materials or a steel link ring.

Preferably, the included angle between the conveying belt of the upper panel and the conveying belt of the lower panel is 10-30 degrees, and the included angle between the crawler belt of the upper panel and the crawler belt of the lower panel is 5-10 degrees.

Preferably, the roll-breaking mechanism comprises a roll saw and a straw sawing outlet, and the roll saw is a cylindrical shaft saw wheel formed by side circular saw blades.

Preferably, the transition hopper is provided with stirring blades, and stirring shafts of the stirring blades are positioned in the horizontal direction.

The invention has the following beneficial effects:

(1) the biomass straw raw material is crushed into biomass with the specified particle size by the straw plate saw crusher, the biomass enters the hopper under the action of the stirring sheet and is conveyed to the material beating blade under the action of the auger, and the biomass cannot be accumulated at the discharge port under the rotation action of the material beating blade, so that the biomass can smoothly enter the next stage for use, such as a gasification furnace for gasification.

(2) The invention integrates the crusher and the feeding device into a whole, so that the feeding is more convenient and faster, the straw is treated in a totally-enclosed way, no dust pollution is caused, and the device is provided with the plastic packaging layer, so that the biomass entering the discharge port cannot be reversely sprayed to the hopper under the action of air pressure.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the present invention.

Reference numerals are used to denote like elements or structures, wherein: the device comprises a conveying belt 1, a shell 2, a crawler 3, a roller saw 4, a sawn straw outlet 5, a double bearing 6, a stirring sheet motor 7, an auger sheet motor 8, a stirring sheet 9, a transition hopper 10, a steam nozzle 11, an auger sheet 12, a steam nozzle motor 13, a discharge hole 14, a beating blade 15, a coupler 16 and a plastic packaging layer 17.

Detailed Description

In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention is described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention. In addition, the technical features involved in the embodiments of the present invention described below may be combined with each other as long as they do not conflict with each other.

Example 1

The utility model provides a straw feeding system, includes saw brokenly machine and mixer, saw brokenly machine has set gradually board pressure mechanism and the broken mechanism of roller along straw direction of motion, board pressure mechanism is used for compressing into fluffy straw slabby straw, broken mechanism of roller is used for sawing slabby straw, the mixer has set gradually transition hopper 10, auger piece 12, plastic envelope 17, has beaten material blade 15 and discharge gate 14 along straw direction of motion, broken mechanism of roller pass through the closed conduit with transition hopper 10 is connected, auger piece 12 is located the bottom of transition hopper 10, auger piece 12 and plastic envelope 17 sealing connection, plastic envelope 17 and beating material blade 15 intercommunication, auger piece 12 is used for carrying the straw that leaks into auger piece 12 to beat material blade 15 through plastic envelope 17.

The auger piece 12 is a stirring mechanism, and can drive the sawn straw to enter the working area of the beating blade 15 through the plastic packaging layer 17 by spiral feeding. Screw feeder piece 12 is connected with screw feeder piece motor 8, and screw feeder piece motor 8 provides power for screw feeder piece 12, and screw feeder piece motor 8 is connected with duplex bearing 6, and simultaneously, duplex bearing 6 and 16 intercommunications of shaft coupling, shaft coupling 16 protect duplex bearing 6.

As a preferred embodiment, the plate pressing mechanism comprises an upper panel and a lower panel which are hinged, the upper panel and the lower panel both comprise a shell 2, a conveyer belt 1 and a crawler 3, the hinged part of the upper panel and the lower panel is provided with a roll breaking mechanism, the conveyer belt 1 is positioned at the front section of the shell 2, and the crawler 3 is positioned at the rear section of the shell 2.

As a preferred embodiment, the included angle between the conveyor belt 1 of the upper panel and the conveyor belt of the lower panel is larger than the included angle between the caterpillar 3 of the upper panel and the caterpillar 3 of the lower panel. The included angle between the conveyer belt 1 of the upper panel and the conveyer belt of the lower panel is 10-30 degrees, and the included angle between the crawler 3 of the upper panel and the crawler 3 of the lower panel is 5-10 degrees.

As a preferred embodiment, the caterpillar band 3 is a chain plate composed of a plurality of parallel chains, and the chain row of the plate press is a steel wire bed plate composed of a rubber plastic belt, a hinge belt plate made of rigid material or a steel link ring.

As a preferred embodiment, the roll breaking mechanism comprises a roll saw 4 and a sawed straw outlet 5, and the roll saw 4 is a cylindrical shaft saw wheel consisting of circular saw blades arranged side by side.

In a preferred embodiment, the transition hopper 10 is provided with stirring blades 9, and the stirring shaft of the stirring blades 9 is located in the horizontal direction. The stirring sheet 9 is connected with a stirring sheet motor 7, and the stirring sheet motor 7 provides power for the stirring sheet 9.

In a preferred embodiment, a steam nozzle 11 is arranged in the discharge port 14, and the steam nozzle 11 is used for connecting with a steam superheater, so that the biomass can be subjected to steam gasification.

The plastic sealing layer 17 plays a role in sealing, so that biomass entering the discharge hole cannot be sucked back to the feed hole. The steam nozzle 11 is connected with a steam nozzle motor 13 to provide power for the injection of steam in the steam nozzle.

When using this device, living beings straw raw materials are broken back by straw board pressure saw breaker, accord with the living beings of regulation particle diameter, under the effect of stirring piece, living beings get into the hopper, then are carried to the blade of beating under the effect of screw feeder, and the rotation effect of beating the blade makes living beings can not pile up at the discharge gate, and entering next stage that can be smooth uses, for example the gasifier gasifies.

It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the invention, and that any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A straw feeding system is characterized by comprising a sawing machine and a stirrer, wherein the sawing machine is sequentially provided with a plate pressing mechanism and a roller breaking mechanism along the straw moving direction, the board pressing mechanism is used for compressing fluffy straws into platy straws, the roller breaking mechanism is used for sawing and breaking the platy straws, the stirring machine is sequentially provided with a transition hopper (10), an auger piece (12), a plastic packaging layer (17), a beating blade (15) and a discharge hole (14) along the straw moving direction, the roller breaking mechanism is connected with the transition hopper (10) through a closed pipeline, the auger piece (12) is positioned at the bottom end of the transition hopper (10), the auger sheet (12) is connected with a plastic packaging layer (17) in a sealing way, the plastic packaging layer (17) is communicated with the knockout blade (15), the auger piece (12) is used for conveying straws leaking into the auger piece (12) to the beating blade (15) through the plastic packaging layer (17).

2. Straw feeding system according to claim 1, wherein the plate pressing mechanism comprises an upper panel and a lower panel which are hinged, the upper panel and the lower panel are identical in structure and comprise a shell (2), a conveyor belt (1) and a crawler belt (3), a roller breaking mechanism is arranged at the hinged position of the upper panel and the lower panel, the conveyor belt (1) is positioned at the front section of the shell (2), the crawler belt (3) is positioned at the rear section of the shell (2), and the included angle between the conveyor belt (1) of the upper panel and the conveyor belt of the lower panel is larger than the included angle between the crawler belt (3) of the upper panel and the crawler belt (3) of the lower panel.

3. Straw feeding system according to claim 2, characterised in that said caterpillar (3) is a chain plate made up of several parallel chains, said chain plate being a steel wire bed plate made up of rubber plastic belts, hinge belt plates made of rigid material or steel links.

4. Straw feeding system according to claim 2, characterised in that the angle between the conveyor belt (1) of the upper panel and the conveyor belt of the lower panel is 10-30 degrees and the angle between the tracks (3) of the upper panel and the tracks (3) of the lower panel is 5-10 degrees.

5. The straw feeding system according to claim 2, wherein the roll-breaking mechanism comprises a roll saw (4) and a sawn straw outlet (5), and the roll saw (4) is a cylindrical shaft saw wheel consisting of circular saw blades arranged side by side.

6. Straw feeding system according to claim 1, characterised in that said transition hopper (10) is provided with stirring blades (9), the stirring shaft of said stirring blades (9) being in horizontal direction.

7. Straw feeding system according to claim 1, characterised in that a steam nozzle (11) is arranged in the discharge opening (14), said steam nozzle (11) being connected to a steam superheating furnace for steam gasification.